Merge branch 'upstream-libuv' into import-libuv

* upstream-libuv:
  libuv 2016-08-30 (897738b1)

1 files changed, 904 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Utilities/cmlibuv/src/unix/fsevents.c b/Utilities/cmlibuv/src/unix/fsevents.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d331a13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Utilities/cmlibuv/src/unix/fsevents.c
@@ -0,0 +1,904 @@
+/* Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors. All rights reserved.
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
+ * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+ * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+ * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
+ * IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "uv.h"
+#include "internal.h"
+
+#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
+
+/* iOS (currently) doesn't provide the FSEvents-API (nor CoreServices) */
+
+int uv__fsevents_init(uv_fs_event_t* handle) {
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+int uv__fsevents_close(uv_fs_event_t* handle) {
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+void uv__fsevents_loop_delete(uv_loop_t* loop) {
+}
+
+#else /* TARGET_OS_IPHONE */
+
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include <CoreFoundation/CFRunLoop.h>
+#include <CoreServices/CoreServices.h>
+
+/* These are macros to avoid "initializer element is not constant" errors
+ * with old versions of gcc.
+ */
+#define kFSEventsModified (kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemFinderInfoMod |         \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemModified |              \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemInodeMetaMod |          \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemChangeOwner |           \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemXattrMod)
+
+#define kFSEventsRenamed  (kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemCreated |               \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemRemoved |               \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagItemRenamed)
+
+#define kFSEventsSystem   (kFSEventStreamEventFlagUserDropped |               \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagKernelDropped |             \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagEventIdsWrapped |           \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagHistoryDone |               \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagMount |                     \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagUnmount |                   \
+                           kFSEventStreamEventFlagRootChanged)
+
+typedef struct uv__fsevents_event_s uv__fsevents_event_t;
+typedef struct uv__cf_loop_signal_s uv__cf_loop_signal_t;
+typedef struct uv__cf_loop_state_s uv__cf_loop_state_t;
+
+enum uv__cf_loop_signal_type_e {
+  kUVCFLoopSignalRegular,
+  kUVCFLoopSignalClosing
+};
+typedef enum uv__cf_loop_signal_type_e uv__cf_loop_signal_type_t;
+
+struct uv__cf_loop_signal_s {
+  QUEUE member;
+  uv_fs_event_t* handle;
+  uv__cf_loop_signal_type_t type;
+};
+
+struct uv__fsevents_event_s {
+  QUEUE member;
+  int events;
+  char path[1];
+};
+
+struct uv__cf_loop_state_s {
+  CFRunLoopRef loop;
+  CFRunLoopSourceRef signal_source;
+  int fsevent_need_reschedule;
+  FSEventStreamRef fsevent_stream;
+  uv_sem_t fsevent_sem;
+  uv_mutex_t fsevent_mutex;
+  void* fsevent_handles[2];
+  unsigned int fsevent_handle_count;
+};
+
+/* Forward declarations */
+static void uv__cf_loop_cb(void* arg);
+static void* uv__cf_loop_runner(void* arg);
+static int uv__cf_loop_signal(uv_loop_t* loop,
+                              uv_fs_event_t* handle,
+                              uv__cf_loop_signal_type_t type);
+
+/* Lazy-loaded by uv__fsevents_global_init(). */
+static CFArrayRef (*pCFArrayCreate)(CFAllocatorRef,
+                                    const void**,
+                                    CFIndex,
+                                    const CFArrayCallBacks*);
+static void (*pCFRelease)(CFTypeRef);
+static void (*pCFRunLoopAddSource)(CFRunLoopRef,
+                                   CFRunLoopSourceRef,
+                                   CFStringRef);
+static CFRunLoopRef (*pCFRunLoopGetCurrent)(void);
+static void (*pCFRunLoopRemoveSource)(CFRunLoopRef,
+                                      CFRunLoopSourceRef,
+                                      CFStringRef);
+static void (*pCFRunLoopRun)(void);
+static CFRunLoopSourceRef (*pCFRunLoopSourceCreate)(CFAllocatorRef,
+                                                    CFIndex,
+                                                    CFRunLoopSourceContext*);
+static void (*pCFRunLoopSourceSignal)(CFRunLoopSourceRef);
+static void (*pCFRunLoopStop)(CFRunLoopRef);
+static void (*pCFRunLoopWakeUp)(CFRunLoopRef);
+static CFStringRef (*pCFStringCreateWithFileSystemRepresentation)(
+    CFAllocatorRef,
+    const char*);
+static CFStringEncoding (*pCFStringGetSystemEncoding)(void);
+static CFStringRef (*pkCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+static FSEventStreamRef (*pFSEventStreamCreate)(CFAllocatorRef,
+                                                FSEventStreamCallback,
+                                                FSEventStreamContext*,
+                                                CFArrayRef,
+                                                FSEventStreamEventId,
+                                                CFTimeInterval,
+                                                FSEventStreamCreateFlags);
+static void (*pFSEventStreamFlushSync)(FSEventStreamRef);
+static void (*pFSEventStreamInvalidate)(FSEventStreamRef);
+static void (*pFSEventStreamRelease)(FSEventStreamRef);
+static void (*pFSEventStreamScheduleWithRunLoop)(FSEventStreamRef,
+                                                 CFRunLoopRef,
+                                                 CFStringRef);
+static Boolean (*pFSEventStreamStart)(FSEventStreamRef);
+static void (*pFSEventStreamStop)(FSEventStreamRef);
+
+#define UV__FSEVENTS_PROCESS(handle, block)                                   \
+    do {                                                                      \
+      QUEUE events;                                                           \
+      QUEUE* q;                                                               \
+      uv__fsevents_event_t* event;                                            \
+      int err;                                                                \
+      uv_mutex_lock(&(handle)->cf_mutex);                                     \
+      /* Split-off all events and empty original queue */                     \
+      QUEUE_MOVE(&(handle)->cf_events, &events);                              \
+      /* Get error (if any) and zero original one */                          \
+      err = (handle)->cf_error;                                               \
+      (handle)->cf_error = 0;                                                 \
+      uv_mutex_unlock(&(handle)->cf_mutex);                                   \
+      /* Loop through events, deallocating each after processing */           \
+      while (!QUEUE_EMPTY(&events)) {                                         \
+        q = QUEUE_HEAD(&events);                                              \
+        event = QUEUE_DATA(q, uv__fsevents_event_t, member);                  \
+        QUEUE_REMOVE(q);                                                      \
+        /* NOTE: Checking uv__is_active() is required here, because handle    \
+         * callback may close handle and invoking it after it will lead to    \
+         * incorrect behaviour */                                             \
+        if (!uv__is_closing((handle)) && uv__is_active((handle)))             \
+          block                                                               \
+        /* Free allocated data */                                             \
+        uv__free(event);                                                      \
+      }                                                                       \
+      if (err != 0 && !uv__is_closing((handle)) && uv__is_active((handle)))   \
+        (handle)->cb((handle), NULL, 0, err);                                 \
+    } while (0)
+
+
+/* Runs in UV loop's thread, when there're events to report to handle */
+static void uv__fsevents_cb(uv_async_t* cb) {
+  uv_fs_event_t* handle;
+
+  handle = cb->data;
+
+  UV__FSEVENTS_PROCESS(handle, {
+    handle->cb(handle, event->path[0] ? event->path : NULL, event->events, 0);
+  });
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in CF thread, pushed event into handle's event list */
+static void uv__fsevents_push_event(uv_fs_event_t* handle,
+                                    QUEUE* events,
+                                    int err) {
+  assert(events != NULL || err != 0);
+  uv_mutex_lock(&handle->cf_mutex);
+
+  /* Concatenate two queues */
+  if (events != NULL)
+    QUEUE_ADD(&handle->cf_events, events);
+
+  /* Propagate error */
+  if (err != 0)
+    handle->cf_error = err;
+  uv_mutex_unlock(&handle->cf_mutex);
+
+  uv_async_send(handle->cf_cb);
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in CF thread, when there're events in FSEventStream */
+static void uv__fsevents_event_cb(ConstFSEventStreamRef streamRef,
+                                  void* info,
+                                  size_t numEvents,
+                                  void* eventPaths,
+                                  const FSEventStreamEventFlags eventFlags[],
+                                  const FSEventStreamEventId eventIds[]) {
+  size_t i;
+  int len;
+  char** paths;
+  char* path;
+  char* pos;
+  uv_fs_event_t* handle;
+  QUEUE* q;
+  uv_loop_t* loop;
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+  uv__fsevents_event_t* event;
+  QUEUE head;
+
+  loop = info;
+  state = loop->cf_state;
+  assert(state != NULL);
+  paths = eventPaths;
+
+  /* For each handle */
+  uv_mutex_lock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  QUEUE_FOREACH(q, &state->fsevent_handles) {
+    handle = QUEUE_DATA(q, uv_fs_event_t, cf_member);
+    QUEUE_INIT(&head);
+
+    /* Process and filter out events */
+    for (i = 0; i < numEvents; i++) {
+      /* Ignore system events */
+      if (eventFlags[i] & kFSEventsSystem)
+        continue;
+
+      path = paths[i];
+      len = strlen(path);
+
+      /* Filter out paths that are outside handle's request */
+      if (strncmp(path, handle->realpath, handle->realpath_len) != 0)
+        continue;
+
+      if (handle->realpath_len > 1 || *handle->realpath != '/') {
+        path += handle->realpath_len;
+        len -= handle->realpath_len;
+
+        /* Skip forward slash */
+        if (*path != '\0') {
+          path++;
+          len--;
+        }
+      }
+
+#ifdef MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7
+      /* Ignore events with path equal to directory itself */
+      if (len == 0)
+        continue;
+#endif /* MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7 */
+
+      /* Do not emit events from subdirectories (without option set) */
+      if ((handle->cf_flags & UV_FS_EVENT_RECURSIVE) == 0 && *path != 0) {
+        pos = strchr(path + 1, '/');
+        if (pos != NULL)
+          continue;
+      }
+
+#ifndef MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7
+      path = "";
+      len = 0;
+#endif /* MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7 */
+
+      event = uv__malloc(sizeof(*event) + len);
+      if (event == NULL)
+        break;
+
+      memset(event, 0, sizeof(*event));
+      memcpy(event->path, path, len + 1);
+
+      if ((eventFlags[i] & kFSEventsModified) != 0 &&
+          (eventFlags[i] & kFSEventsRenamed) == 0)
+        event->events = UV_CHANGE;
+      else
+        event->events = UV_RENAME;
+
+      QUEUE_INSERT_TAIL(&head, &event->member);
+    }
+
+    if (!QUEUE_EMPTY(&head))
+      uv__fsevents_push_event(handle, &head, 0);
+  }
+  uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in CF thread */
+static int uv__fsevents_create_stream(uv_loop_t* loop, CFArrayRef paths) {
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+  FSEventStreamContext ctx;
+  FSEventStreamRef ref;
+  CFAbsoluteTime latency;
+  FSEventStreamCreateFlags flags;
+
+  /* Initialize context */
+  ctx.version = 0;
+  ctx.info = loop;
+  ctx.retain = NULL;
+  ctx.release = NULL;
+  ctx.copyDescription = NULL;
+
+  latency = 0.05;
+
+  /* Explanation of selected flags:
+   * 1. NoDefer - without this flag, events that are happening continuously
+   *    (i.e. each event is happening after time interval less than `latency`,
+   *    counted from previous event), will be deferred and passed to callback
+   *    once they'll either fill whole OS buffer, or when this continuous stream
+   *    will stop (i.e. there'll be delay between events, bigger than
+   *    `latency`).
+   *    Specifying this flag will invoke callback after `latency` time passed
+   *    since event.
+   * 2. FileEvents - fire callback for file changes too (by default it is firing
+   *    it only for directory changes).
+   */
+  flags = kFSEventStreamCreateFlagNoDefer | kFSEventStreamCreateFlagFileEvents;
+
+  /*
+   * NOTE: It might sound like a good idea to remember last seen StreamEventId,
+   * but in reality one dir might have last StreamEventId less than, the other,
+   * that is being watched now. Which will cause FSEventStream API to report
+   * changes to files from the past.
+   */
+  ref = pFSEventStreamCreate(NULL,
+                             &uv__fsevents_event_cb,
+                             &ctx,
+                             paths,
+                             kFSEventStreamEventIdSinceNow,
+                             latency,
+                             flags);
+  assert(ref != NULL);
+
+  state = loop->cf_state;
+  pFSEventStreamScheduleWithRunLoop(ref,
+                                    state->loop,
+                                    *pkCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+  if (!pFSEventStreamStart(ref)) {
+    pFSEventStreamInvalidate(ref);
+    pFSEventStreamRelease(ref);
+    return -EMFILE;
+  }
+
+  state->fsevent_stream = ref;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in CF thread */
+static void uv__fsevents_destroy_stream(uv_loop_t* loop) {
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+
+  state = loop->cf_state;
+
+  if (state->fsevent_stream == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  /* Flush all accumulated events */
+  pFSEventStreamFlushSync(state->fsevent_stream);
+
+  /* Stop emitting events */
+  pFSEventStreamStop(state->fsevent_stream);
+
+  /* Release stream */
+  pFSEventStreamInvalidate(state->fsevent_stream);
+  pFSEventStreamRelease(state->fsevent_stream);
+  state->fsevent_stream = NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in CF thread, when there're new fsevent handles to add to stream */
+static void uv__fsevents_reschedule(uv_fs_event_t* handle,
+                                    uv__cf_loop_signal_type_t type) {
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+  QUEUE* q;
+  uv_fs_event_t* curr;
+  CFArrayRef cf_paths;
+  CFStringRef* paths;
+  unsigned int i;
+  int err;
+  unsigned int path_count;
+
+  state = handle->loop->cf_state;
+  paths = NULL;
+  cf_paths = NULL;
+  err = 0;
+  /* NOTE: `i` is used in deallocation loop below */
+  i = 0;
+
+  /* Optimization to prevent O(n^2) time spent when starting to watch
+   * many files simultaneously
+   */
+  uv_mutex_lock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  if (state->fsevent_need_reschedule == 0) {
+    uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+    goto final;
+  }
+  state->fsevent_need_reschedule = 0;
+  uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+
+  /* Destroy previous FSEventStream */
+  uv__fsevents_destroy_stream(handle->loop);
+
+  /* Any failure below will be a memory failure */
+  err = -ENOMEM;
+
+  /* Create list of all watched paths */
+  uv_mutex_lock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  path_count = state->fsevent_handle_count;
+  if (path_count != 0) {
+    paths = uv__malloc(sizeof(*paths) * path_count);
+    if (paths == NULL) {
+      uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+      goto final;
+    }
+
+    q = &state->fsevent_handles;
+    for (; i < path_count; i++) {
+      q = QUEUE_NEXT(q);
+      assert(q != &state->fsevent_handles);
+      curr = QUEUE_DATA(q, uv_fs_event_t, cf_member);
+
+      assert(curr->realpath != NULL);
+      paths[i] =
+          pCFStringCreateWithFileSystemRepresentation(NULL, curr->realpath);
+      if (paths[i] == NULL) {
+        uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+        goto final;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  err = 0;
+
+  if (path_count != 0) {
+    /* Create new FSEventStream */
+    cf_paths = pCFArrayCreate(NULL, (const void**) paths, path_count, NULL);
+    if (cf_paths == NULL) {
+      err = -ENOMEM;
+      goto final;
+    }
+    err = uv__fsevents_create_stream(handle->loop, cf_paths);
+  }
+
+final:
+  /* Deallocate all paths in case of failure */
+  if (err != 0) {
+    if (cf_paths == NULL) {
+      while (i != 0)
+        pCFRelease(paths[--i]);
+      uv__free(paths);
+    } else {
+      /* CFArray takes ownership of both strings and original C-array */
+      pCFRelease(cf_paths);
+    }
+
+    /* Broadcast error to all handles */
+    uv_mutex_lock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+    QUEUE_FOREACH(q, &state->fsevent_handles) {
+      curr = QUEUE_DATA(q, uv_fs_event_t, cf_member);
+      uv__fsevents_push_event(curr, NULL, err);
+    }
+    uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * Main thread will block until the removal of handle from the list,
+   * we must tell it when we're ready.
+   *
+   * NOTE: This is coupled with `uv_sem_wait()` in `uv__fsevents_close`
+   */
+  if (type == kUVCFLoopSignalClosing)
+    uv_sem_post(&state->fsevent_sem);
+}
+
+
+static int uv__fsevents_global_init(void) {
+  static pthread_mutex_t global_init_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+  static void* core_foundation_handle;
+  static void* core_services_handle;
+  int err;
+
+  err = 0;
+  pthread_mutex_lock(&global_init_mutex);
+  if (core_foundation_handle != NULL)
+    goto out;
+
+  /* The libraries are never unloaded because we currently don't have a good
+   * mechanism for keeping a reference count. It's unlikely to be an issue
+   * but if it ever becomes one, we can turn the dynamic library handles into
+   * per-event loop properties and have the dynamic linker keep track for us.
+   */
+  err = -ENOSYS;
+  core_foundation_handle = dlopen("/System/Library/Frameworks/"
+                                  "CoreFoundation.framework/"
+                                  "Versions/A/CoreFoundation",
+                                  RTLD_LAZY | RTLD_LOCAL);
+  if (core_foundation_handle == NULL)
+    goto out;
+
+  core_services_handle = dlopen("/System/Library/Frameworks/"
+                                "CoreServices.framework/"
+                                "Versions/A/CoreServices",
+                                RTLD_LAZY | RTLD_LOCAL);
+  if (core_services_handle == NULL)
+    goto out;
+
+  err = -ENOENT;
+#define V(handle, symbol)                                                     \
+  do {                                                                        \
+    *(void **)(&p ## symbol) = dlsym((handle), #symbol);                      \
+    if (p ## symbol == NULL)                                                  \
+      goto out;                                                               \
+  }                                                                           \
+  while (0)
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFArrayCreate);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRelease);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRunLoopAddSource);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRunLoopGetCurrent);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRunLoopRemoveSource);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRunLoopRun);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRunLoopSourceCreate);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRunLoopSourceSignal);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRunLoopStop);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFRunLoopWakeUp);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFStringCreateWithFileSystemRepresentation);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, CFStringGetSystemEncoding);
+  V(core_foundation_handle, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+  V(core_services_handle, FSEventStreamCreate);
+  V(core_services_handle, FSEventStreamFlushSync);
+  V(core_services_handle, FSEventStreamInvalidate);
+  V(core_services_handle, FSEventStreamRelease);
+  V(core_services_handle, FSEventStreamScheduleWithRunLoop);
+  V(core_services_handle, FSEventStreamStart);
+  V(core_services_handle, FSEventStreamStop);
+#undef V
+  err = 0;
+
+out:
+  if (err && core_services_handle != NULL) {
+    dlclose(core_services_handle);
+    core_services_handle = NULL;
+  }
+
+  if (err && core_foundation_handle != NULL) {
+    dlclose(core_foundation_handle);
+    core_foundation_handle = NULL;
+  }
+
+  pthread_mutex_unlock(&global_init_mutex);
+  return err;
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in UV loop */
+static int uv__fsevents_loop_init(uv_loop_t* loop) {
+  CFRunLoopSourceContext ctx;
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+  pthread_attr_t attr_storage;
+  pthread_attr_t* attr;
+  int err;
+
+  if (loop->cf_state != NULL)
+    return 0;
+
+  err = uv__fsevents_global_init();
+  if (err)
+    return err;
+
+  state = uv__calloc(1, sizeof(*state));
+  if (state == NULL)
+    return -ENOMEM;
+
+  err = uv_mutex_init(&loop->cf_mutex);
+  if (err)
+    goto fail_mutex_init;
+
+  err = uv_sem_init(&loop->cf_sem, 0);
+  if (err)
+    goto fail_sem_init;
+
+  QUEUE_INIT(&loop->cf_signals);
+
+  err = uv_sem_init(&state->fsevent_sem, 0);
+  if (err)
+    goto fail_fsevent_sem_init;
+
+  err = uv_mutex_init(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  if (err)
+    goto fail_fsevent_mutex_init;
+
+  QUEUE_INIT(&state->fsevent_handles);
+  state->fsevent_need_reschedule = 0;
+  state->fsevent_handle_count = 0;
+
+  memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
+  ctx.info = loop;
+  ctx.perform = uv__cf_loop_cb;
+  state->signal_source = pCFRunLoopSourceCreate(NULL, 0, &ctx);
+  if (state->signal_source == NULL) {
+    err = -ENOMEM;
+    goto fail_signal_source_create;
+  }
+
+  /* In the unlikely event that pthread_attr_init() fails, create the thread
+   * with the default stack size. We'll use a little more address space but
+   * that in itself is not a fatal error.
+   */
+  attr = &attr_storage;
+  if (pthread_attr_init(attr))
+    attr = NULL;
+
+  if (attr != NULL)
+    if (pthread_attr_setstacksize(attr, 4 * PTHREAD_STACK_MIN))
+      abort();
+
+  loop->cf_state = state;
+
+  /* uv_thread_t is an alias for pthread_t. */
+  err = -pthread_create(&loop->cf_thread, attr, uv__cf_loop_runner, loop);
+
+  if (attr != NULL)
+    pthread_attr_destroy(attr);
+
+  if (err)
+    goto fail_thread_create;
+
+  /* Synchronize threads */
+  uv_sem_wait(&loop->cf_sem);
+  return 0;
+
+fail_thread_create:
+  loop->cf_state = NULL;
+
+fail_signal_source_create:
+  uv_mutex_destroy(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+
+fail_fsevent_mutex_init:
+  uv_sem_destroy(&state->fsevent_sem);
+
+fail_fsevent_sem_init:
+  uv_sem_destroy(&loop->cf_sem);
+
+fail_sem_init:
+  uv_mutex_destroy(&loop->cf_mutex);
+
+fail_mutex_init:
+  uv__free(state);
+  return err;
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in UV loop */
+void uv__fsevents_loop_delete(uv_loop_t* loop) {
+  uv__cf_loop_signal_t* s;
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+  QUEUE* q;
+
+  if (loop->cf_state == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  if (uv__cf_loop_signal(loop, NULL, kUVCFLoopSignalRegular) != 0)
+    abort();
+
+  uv_thread_join(&loop->cf_thread);
+  uv_sem_destroy(&loop->cf_sem);
+  uv_mutex_destroy(&loop->cf_mutex);
+
+  /* Free any remaining data */
+  while (!QUEUE_EMPTY(&loop->cf_signals)) {
+    q = QUEUE_HEAD(&loop->cf_signals);
+    s = QUEUE_DATA(q, uv__cf_loop_signal_t, member);
+    QUEUE_REMOVE(q);
+    uv__free(s);
+  }
+
+  /* Destroy state */
+  state = loop->cf_state;
+  uv_sem_destroy(&state->fsevent_sem);
+  uv_mutex_destroy(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  pCFRelease(state->signal_source);
+  uv__free(state);
+  loop->cf_state = NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in CF thread. This is the CF loop's body */
+static void* uv__cf_loop_runner(void* arg) {
+  uv_loop_t* loop;
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+
+  loop = arg;
+  state = loop->cf_state;
+  state->loop = pCFRunLoopGetCurrent();
+
+  pCFRunLoopAddSource(state->loop,
+                      state->signal_source,
+                      *pkCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+
+  uv_sem_post(&loop->cf_sem);
+
+  pCFRunLoopRun();
+  pCFRunLoopRemoveSource(state->loop,
+                         state->signal_source,
+                         *pkCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in CF thread, executed after `uv__cf_loop_signal()` */
+static void uv__cf_loop_cb(void* arg) {
+  uv_loop_t* loop;
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+  QUEUE* item;
+  QUEUE split_head;
+  uv__cf_loop_signal_t* s;
+
+  loop = arg;
+  state = loop->cf_state;
+
+  uv_mutex_lock(&loop->cf_mutex);
+  QUEUE_MOVE(&loop->cf_signals, &split_head);
+  uv_mutex_unlock(&loop->cf_mutex);
+
+  while (!QUEUE_EMPTY(&split_head)) {
+    item = QUEUE_HEAD(&split_head);
+    QUEUE_REMOVE(item);
+
+    s = QUEUE_DATA(item, uv__cf_loop_signal_t, member);
+
+    /* This was a termination signal */
+    if (s->handle == NULL)
+      pCFRunLoopStop(state->loop);
+    else
+      uv__fsevents_reschedule(s->handle, s->type);
+
+    uv__free(s);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in UV loop to notify CF thread */
+int uv__cf_loop_signal(uv_loop_t* loop,
+                       uv_fs_event_t* handle,
+                       uv__cf_loop_signal_type_t type) {
+  uv__cf_loop_signal_t* item;
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+
+  item = uv__malloc(sizeof(*item));
+  if (item == NULL)
+    return -ENOMEM;
+
+  item->handle = handle;
+  item->type = type;
+
+  uv_mutex_lock(&loop->cf_mutex);
+  QUEUE_INSERT_TAIL(&loop->cf_signals, &item->member);
+  uv_mutex_unlock(&loop->cf_mutex);
+
+  state = loop->cf_state;
+  assert(state != NULL);
+  pCFRunLoopSourceSignal(state->signal_source);
+  pCFRunLoopWakeUp(state->loop);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in UV loop to initialize handle */
+int uv__fsevents_init(uv_fs_event_t* handle) {
+  int err;
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+
+  err = uv__fsevents_loop_init(handle->loop);
+  if (err)
+    return err;
+
+  /* Get absolute path to file */
+  handle->realpath = realpath(handle->path, NULL);
+  if (handle->realpath == NULL)
+    return -errno;
+  handle->realpath_len = strlen(handle->realpath);
+
+  /* Initialize event queue */
+  QUEUE_INIT(&handle->cf_events);
+  handle->cf_error = 0;
+
+  /*
+   * Events will occur in other thread.
+   * Initialize callback for getting them back into event loop's thread
+   */
+  handle->cf_cb = uv__malloc(sizeof(*handle->cf_cb));
+  if (handle->cf_cb == NULL) {
+    err = -ENOMEM;
+    goto fail_cf_cb_malloc;
+  }
+
+  handle->cf_cb->data = handle;
+  uv_async_init(handle->loop, handle->cf_cb, uv__fsevents_cb);
+  handle->cf_cb->flags |= UV__HANDLE_INTERNAL;
+  uv_unref((uv_handle_t*) handle->cf_cb);
+
+  err = uv_mutex_init(&handle->cf_mutex);
+  if (err)
+    goto fail_cf_mutex_init;
+
+  /* Insert handle into the list */
+  state = handle->loop->cf_state;
+  uv_mutex_lock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  QUEUE_INSERT_TAIL(&state->fsevent_handles, &handle->cf_member);
+  state->fsevent_handle_count++;
+  state->fsevent_need_reschedule = 1;
+  uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+
+  /* Reschedule FSEventStream */
+  assert(handle != NULL);
+  err = uv__cf_loop_signal(handle->loop, handle, kUVCFLoopSignalRegular);
+  if (err)
+    goto fail_loop_signal;
+
+  return 0;
+
+fail_loop_signal:
+  uv_mutex_destroy(&handle->cf_mutex);
+
+fail_cf_mutex_init:
+  uv__free(handle->cf_cb);
+  handle->cf_cb = NULL;
+
+fail_cf_cb_malloc:
+  uv__free(handle->realpath);
+  handle->realpath = NULL;
+  handle->realpath_len = 0;
+
+  return err;
+}
+
+
+/* Runs in UV loop to de-initialize handle */
+int uv__fsevents_close(uv_fs_event_t* handle) {
+  int err;
+  uv__cf_loop_state_t* state;
+
+  if (handle->cf_cb == NULL)
+    return -EINVAL;
+
+  /* Remove handle from  the list */
+  state = handle->loop->cf_state;
+  uv_mutex_lock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+  QUEUE_REMOVE(&handle->cf_member);
+  state->fsevent_handle_count--;
+  state->fsevent_need_reschedule = 1;
+  uv_mutex_unlock(&state->fsevent_mutex);
+
+  /* Reschedule FSEventStream */
+  assert(handle != NULL);
+  err = uv__cf_loop_signal(handle->loop, handle, kUVCFLoopSignalClosing);
+  if (err)
+    return -err;
+
+  /* Wait for deinitialization */
+  uv_sem_wait(&state->fsevent_sem);
+
+  uv_close((uv_handle_t*) handle->cf_cb, (uv_close_cb) uv__free);
+  handle->cf_cb = NULL;
+
+  /* Free data in queue */
+  UV__FSEVENTS_PROCESS(handle, {
+    /* NOP */
+  });
+
+  uv_mutex_destroy(&handle->cf_mutex);
+  uv__free(handle->realpath);
+  handle->realpath = NULL;
+  handle->realpath_len = 0;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* TARGET_OS_IPHONE */