path: root/Help/manual/cmake-developer.7.rst

cmake-developer(7)
******************

.. only:: html or latex

   .. contents::

Introduction
============

This manual is intended for reference by developers modifying the CMake
source tree itself.

Help
====

Modules
=======

Note to authors of FindXxx.cmake files

We would like all FindXxx.cmake files to produce consistent variable
names.

Please use the following consistent variable names for general use.

Xxx_INCLUDE_DIRS
 The final set of include directories listed in one variable for use by client
 code.  This should not be a cache entry.

Xxx_LIBRARIES
 The libraries to link against to use Xxx. These should include full paths.
 This should not be a cache entry.

Xxx_DEFINITIONS
 Definitions to use when compiling code that uses Xxx. This really shouldn't
 include options such as (-DHAS_JPEG)that a client source-code file uses to
 decide whether to #include <jpeg.h>

Xxx_EXECUTABLE
 Where to find the Xxx tool.

Xxx_Yyy_EXECUTABLE
 Where to find the Yyy tool that comes with Xxx.

Xxx_LIBRARY_DIRS
 Optionally, the final set of library directories listed in one variable for
 use by client code.  This should not be a cache entry.

Xxx_ROOT_DIR
 Where to find the base directory of Xxx.

Xxx_VERSION_Yy
 Expect Version Yy if true. Make sure at most one of these is ever true.

Xxx_WRAP_Yy
 If False, do not try to use the relevant CMake wrapping command.

Xxx_Yy_FOUND
 If False, optional Yy part of Xxx sytem is not available.

Xxx_FOUND
 Set to false, or undefined, if we haven't found, or don't want to use Xxx.

Xxx_NOT_FOUND_MESSAGE
 Should be set by config-files in the case that it has set Xxx_FOUND to FALSE.
 The contained message will be printed by the find_package() command and by
 find_package_handle_standard_args() to inform the user about the problem.

Xxx_RUNTIME_LIBRARY_DIRS
 Optionally, the runtime library search path for use when running an
 executable linked to shared libraries.  The list should be used by user code
 to create the PATH on windows or LD_LIBRARY_PATH on unix.  This should not be
 a cache entry.

Xxx_VERSION_STRING
 A human-readable string containing the version of the package found, if any.

Xxx_VERSION_MAJOR
 The major version of the package found, if any.

Xxx_VERSION_MINOR
 The minor version of the package found, if any.

Xxx_VERSION_PATCH
 The patch version of the package found, if any.

You do not have to provide all of the above variables. You should provide
Xxx_FOUND under most circumstances.  If Xxx is a library, then Xxx_LIBRARIES,
should also be defined, and Xxx_INCLUDE_DIRS should usually be defined (I
guess libm.a might be an exception)

The following names should not usually be used in CMakeLists.txt files, but
they may be usefully modified in users' CMake Caches to control stuff.

Xxx_LIBRARY
 Name of Xxx Library. A User may set this and Xxx_INCLUDE_DIR to ignore to
 force non-use of Xxx.

Xxx_Yy_LIBRARY
 Name of Yy library that is part of the Xxx system. It may or may not be
 required to use Xxx.

Xxx_INCLUDE_DIR
 Where to find xxx.h, etc.  (Xxx_INCLUDE_PATH was considered bad because a path
 includes an actual filename.)

Xxx_Yy_INCLUDE_DIR
 Where to find xxx_yy.h, etc.

For tidiness's sake, try to keep as many options as possible out of the cache,
leaving at least one option which can be used to disable use of the module, or
locate a not-found library (e.g. Xxx_ROOT_DIR).  For the same reason, mark
most cache options as advanced.

If you need other commands to do special things then it should still begin
with ``Xxx_``. This gives a sort of namespace effect and keeps things tidy for the
user. You should put comments describing all the exported settings, plus
descriptions of any the users can use to control stuff.

You really should also provide backwards compatibility any old settings that
were actually in use.  Make sure you comment them as deprecated, so that
no-one starts using them.

To add a module to the CMake documentation, follow these steps:

1. Add file ``Help/module/FindXxx.rst`` containing just the line::

    .. cmake-module:: ../../Modules/FindXxx.cmake

2. Modify ``Help/manual/cmake-modules.7.rst`` to reference the module in the
   toctree directive as::

    /module/FindXxx

   Keep the toctree in sorted order!

3. Add to the top of ``Modules/FindXxx.cmake`` a #-comment of the form::

    #.rst:
    # FindXxx
    # -------
    #
    # ...reStructuredText documentation of module...

   Comment blocks starting with the line ``#.rst:`` may appear anywhere
   in the file.

For example::

 #.rst:
 # FindXxx
 # -------
 #
 # This is a cool module.
 # This module does really cool stuff.
 # It can do even more than you think.
 #
 # It even needs two paragraphs to tell you about it.
 # And it defines the following variables:
 #
 # * VAR_COOL: this is great isn't it?
 # * VAR_REALLY_COOL: cool right?

Test the documentation formatting by running cmake --help-module FindXxx,
and ideally by enabling the SPHINX_HTML and SPHINX_MAN options to
build the documentation.  Edit the comments until generated documentation
looks satisfactory.  To have a .cmake file in this directory NOT show up in
the modules documentation, simply leave out the ``Help/module/<module>.rst``
file and the ``Help/manual/cmake-modules.7.rst`` toctree entry.

After the documentation, leave a *BLANK* line, and then add a
copyright and licence notice block like this one::

 #=============================================================================
 # Copyright 2009-2011 Your Name
 #
 # Distributed under the OSI-approved BSD License (the "License");
 # see accompanying file Copyright.txt for details.
 #
 # This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
 # implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 # See the License for more information.
 #=============================================================================
 # (To distribute this file outside of CMake, substitute the full
 #  License text for the above reference.)

The layout of the notice block is strictly enforced by the ``ModuleNotices``
test.  Only the year range and name may be changed freely.

A FindXxx.cmake module will typically be loaded by the command::

 FIND_PACKAGE(Xxx [major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]]] [EXACT]
              [QUIET] [[REQUIRED|COMPONENTS] [components...]])

If any version numbers are given to the command it will set the following
variables before loading the module:

Xxx_FIND_VERSION
 full requested version string

Xxx_FIND_VERSION_MAJOR
 major version if requested, else 0

Xxx_FIND_VERSION_MINOR
 minor version if requested, else 0

Xxx_FIND_VERSION_PATCH
 patch version if requested, else 0

Xxx_FIND_VERSION_TWEAK
 tweak version if requested, else 0

Xxx_FIND_VERSION_COUNT
 number of version components, 0 to 4

Xxx_FIND_VERSION_EXACT
 true if EXACT option was given

If the find module supports versioning it should locate a version of
the package that is compatible with the version requested.  If a
compatible version of the package cannot be found the module should
not report success.  The version of the package found should be stored
in "Xxx_VERSION..." version variables documented by the module.

If the QUIET option is given to the command it will set the variable
Xxx_FIND_QUIETLY to true before loading the FindXxx.cmake module.  If
this variable is set the module should not complain about not being
able to find the package.  If the
REQUIRED option is given to the command it will set the variable
Xxx_FIND_REQUIRED to true before loading the FindXxx.cmake module.  If
this variable is set the module should issue a FATAL_ERROR if the
package cannot be found.
If neither the QUIET nor REQUIRED options are given then the
FindXxx.cmake module should look for the package and complain without
error if the module is not found.

FIND_PACKAGE() will set the variable CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NAME to
contain the actual name of the package.

A package can provide sub-components.
Those components can be listed after the COMPONENTS (or REQUIRED) or
OPTIONAL_COMPONENTS keywords.  The set of all listed components will be
specified in a Xxx_FIND_COMPONENTS variable.
For each package-specific component, say Yyy, a variable Xxx_FIND_REQUIRED_Yyy
will be set to true if it listed after COMPONENTS and it will be set to false
if it was listed after OPTIONAL_COMPONENTS.
Using those variables a FindXxx.cmake module and also a XxxConfig.cmake
package configuration file can determine whether and which components have
been requested, and whether they were requested as required or as optional.
For each of the requested components a Xxx_Yyy_FOUND variable should be set
accordingly.
The per-package Xxx_FOUND variable should be only set to true if all requested
required components have been found. A missing optional component should not
keep the Xxx_FOUND variable from being set to true.
If the package provides Xxx_INCLUDE_DIRS and Xxx_LIBRARIES variables, the
include dirs and libraries for all components which were requested and which
have been found should be added to those two variables.

To get this behaviour you can use the FIND_PACKAGE_HANDLE_STANDARD_ARGS()
macro, as an example see FindJPEG.cmake.

For internal implementation, it's a generally accepted convention that
variables starting with underscore are for temporary use only. (variable
starting with an underscore are not intended as a reserved prefix).