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authorLars Knoll <lars.knoll@nokia.com>2009-03-23 09:18:55 (GMT)
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+/****************************************************************************
+**
+** Copyright (C) 2009 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies).
+** Contact: Qt Software Information (qt-info@nokia.com)
+**
+** This file is part of the documentation of the Qt Toolkit.
+**
+** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL$
+** No Commercial Usage
+** This file contains pre-release code and may not be distributed.
+** You may use this file in accordance with the terms and conditions
+** contained in the either Technology Preview License Agreement or the
+** Beta Release License Agreement.
+**
+** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage
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+** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPL included in the
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+** ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1 requirements
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+**
+** In addition, as a special exception, Nokia gives you certain
+** additional rights. These rights are described in the Nokia Qt LGPL
+** Exception version 1.0, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this
+** package.
+**
+** GNU General Public License Usage
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+** General Public License version 3.0 as published by the Free Software
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+** packaging of this file. Please review the following information to
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+** met: http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html.
+**
+** If you are unsure which license is appropriate for your use, please
+** contact the sales department at qt-sales@nokia.com.
+** $QT_END_LICENSE$
+**
+****************************************************************************/
+
+/*!
+ \example graphicsview/diagramscene
+ \title Diagram Scene Example
+
+ This example shows use of Qt's graphics framework.
+
+ \image diagramscene.png
+
+ The Diagram Scene example is an application in which you can
+ create a flowchart diagram. It is possible to add flowchart shapes
+ and text and connect the shapes by arrows as shown in the image
+ above. The shapes, arrows, and text can be given different
+ colors, and it is possible to change the font, style, and
+ underline of the text.
+
+ The Qt graphics view framework is designed to manage and
+ display custom 2D graphics items. The main classes of the
+ framework are QGraphicsItem, QGraphicsScene and QGraphicsView. The
+ graphics scene manages the items and provides a surface for them.
+ QGraphicsView is a widget that is used to render a scene on the
+ screen. See the \l{The Graphics View Framework}{overview document}
+ for a more detailed description of the framework.
+
+ In this example we show how to create such custom graphics
+ scenes and items by implementing classes that inherit
+ QGraphicsScene and QGraphicsItem.
+
+ In particular we show how to:
+
+ \list
+ \o Create custom graphics items.
+ \o Handle mouse events and movement of items.
+ \o Implement a graphics scene that can manage our custom items.
+ \o Custom painting of items.
+ \o Create a movable and editable text item.
+ \endlist
+
+ The example consists of the following classes:
+ \list
+ \o \c MainWindow creates the widgets and display
+ them in a QMainWindow. It also manages the interaction
+ between the widgets and the graphics scene, view and
+ items.
+ \o \c DiagramItem inherits QGraphicsPolygonItem and
+ represents a flowchart shape.
+ \o \c TextDiagramItem inherits QGraphicsTextItem and
+ represents text items in the diagram. The class adds
+ support for moving the item with the mouse, which is not
+ supported by QGraphicsTextItem.
+ \o \c Arrow inherits QGraphicsLineItem and is an arrow
+ that connect two DiagramItems.
+ \o \c DiagramScene inherits QGraphicsDiagramScene and
+ provides support for \c DiagramItem, \c Arrow and
+ \c DiagramTextItem (In addition to the support already
+ handled by QGraphicsScene).
+ \endlist
+
+ \section1 MainWindow Class Definition
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.h 0
+
+ The \c MainWindow class creates and lays out the widgets in a
+ QMainWindow. The class forwards input from the widgets to the
+ DiagramScene. It also updates its widgets when the diagram
+ scene's text item changes, or a diagram item or a diagram text item
+ is inserted into the scene.
+
+ The class also deletes items from the scene and handles the
+ z-ordering, which decides the order in which items are drawn when
+ they overlap each other.
+
+ \section1 MainWindow Class Implementation
+
+
+ We start with a look at the constructor:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 0
+
+ In the constructor we call methods to create the widgets and
+ layouts of the example before we create the diagram scene.
+ The toolbars must be created after the scene as they connect
+ to its signals. We then lay the widgets out in the window.
+
+ We connect to the \c itemInserted() and \c textInserted() slots of
+ the diagram scenes as we want to uncheck the buttons in the tool
+ box when an item is inserted. When an item is selected in
+ the scene we receive the \c itemSelected() signal. We use this to
+ update the widgets that display font properties if the item
+ selected is a \c DiagramTextItem.
+
+ The \c createToolBox() function creates and lays out the widgets
+ of the \c toolBox QToolBox. We will not examine it with a
+ high level of detail as it does not deal with graphics framework
+ specific functionality. Here is its implementation:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 21
+
+ This part of the function sets up the tabbed widget item that
+ contains the flowchart shapes. An exclusive QButtonGroup always
+ keeps one button checked; we want the group to allow all buttons
+ to be unchecked.
+ We still use a button group since we can associate user
+ data, which we use to store the diagram type, with each button.
+ The \c createCellWidget() function sets up the buttons in the
+ tabbed widget item and is examined later.
+
+ The buttons of the background tabbed widget item is set up in the
+ same way, so we skip to the creation of the tool box:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 22
+
+ We set the preferred size of the toolbox as its maximum. This
+ way, more space is given to the graphics view.
+
+ Here is the \c createActions() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 23
+
+ We show an example of the creation of an action. The
+ functionality the actions trigger is discussed in the slots we
+ connect the actions to. You can see the \l{Application
+ Example}{application example} if you need a high-level
+ introduction to actions.
+
+ The is the \c createMenus() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 24
+
+ We create the three menus' of the example.
+
+ The \c createToolbars() function sets up the examples tool
+ bars. The three \l{QToolButton}s in the \c colorToolBar, the \c
+ fontColorToolButton, \c fillColorToolButton, and \c
+ lineColorToolButton, are interesting as we create icons for them
+ by drawing on a QPixmap with a QPainter. We show how the \c
+ fillColorToolButton is created. This button lets the user select a
+ color for the diagram items.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 25
+ \dots
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 26
+
+ We set the menu of the tool button with
+ \l{QToolButton::}{setMenu()}. We need the \c fillAction QAction
+ object to always be pointing to the selected action of the menu.
+ The menu is created with the \c createColorMenu() function and, as
+ we shall see later, contains one menu item for each color that the
+ items can have. When the user presses the button, which trigger
+ the \l{QToolButton::}{clicked()} signal, we can set the color of
+ the selected item to the color of \c fillAction. It is with \c
+ createColorToolButtonIcon() we create the icon for the button.
+
+ \dots
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 27
+
+ Here is the \c createBackgroundCellWidget() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 28
+
+ This function creates \l{QWidget}s containing a tool button
+ and a label. The widgets created with this function are used for
+ the background tabbed widget item in the tool box.
+
+ Here is the \c createCellWidget() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 29
+
+ This function returns a QWidget containing a QToolButton with
+ an image of one of the \c DiagramItems, i.e., flowchart shapes.
+ The image is created by the \c DiagramItem through the \c image()
+ function. The QButtonGroup class lets us attach a QVariant with
+ each button; we store the diagram's type, i.e., the
+ DiagramItem::DiagramType enum. We use the stored diagram type when
+ we create new diagram items for the scene. The widgets created
+ with this function is used in the tool box.
+
+ Here is the \c createColorMenu() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 30
+
+ This function creates a color menu that is used as the
+ drop-down menu for the tool buttons in the \c colorToolBar. We
+ create an action for each color that we add to the menu. We fetch
+ the actions data when we set the color of items, lines, and text.
+
+ Here is the \c createColorToolButtonIcon() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 31
+
+ This function is used to create the QIcon of the \c
+ fillColorToolButton, \c fontColorToolButton, and \c
+ lineColorToolButton. The \a imageFile string is either the text,
+ flood-fill, or line symbol that is used for the buttons. Beneath
+ the image we draw a filled rectangle using \a color.
+
+ Here is the \c createColorIcon() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 32
+
+ This function creates an icon with a filled rectangle in the
+ color of \a color. It is used for creating icons for the color
+ menus in the \c fillColorToolButton, \c fontColorToolButton, and
+ \c lineColorToolButton.
+
+ Here is the \c backgroundButtonGroupClicked() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 1
+
+ In this function we set the QBrush that is used to draw the
+ background of the diagramscene. The background can be a grid of
+ squares of blue, gray, or white tiles, or no grid at all. We have
+ \l{QPixmap}s of the tiles from png files that we create the brush
+ with.
+
+ When one of the buttons in the background tabbed widget item is
+ clicked we change the brush; we find out which button it is by
+ checking its text.
+
+ Here is the implementation of \c buttonGroupClicked():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 2
+
+ This slot is called when a button in \c buttonGroup is checked.
+ When a button is checked the user can click on the graphics view
+ and a \c DiagramItem of the selected type will be inserted into
+ the \c DiagramScene. We must loop through the buttons in the group
+ to uncheck other buttons as only one button is allowed to be
+ checked at a time.
+
+ \c QButtonGroup assigns an id to each button. We have set the id
+ of each button to the diagram type, as given by DiagramItem::DiagramType
+ that will be inserted into the scene when it is clicked. We can
+ then use the button id when we set the diagram type with
+ \c setItemType(). In the case of text we assigned an id that has a
+ value that is not in the DiagramType enum.
+
+ Here is the implementation of \c deleteItem():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 3
+
+ This slot deletes the selected item, if any, from the scene. If
+ the item to be deleted is a \c DiagramItem, we also need to delete
+ arrows connected to it; we don't want arrows in the scene that
+ aren't connected to items in both ends.
+
+ This is the implementation of pointerGroupClicked():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 4
+
+ The \c pointerTypeGroup decides whether the scene is in ItemMove
+ or InsertLine mode. This button group is exclusive, i.e., only
+ one button is checked at any time. As with the \c buttonGroup above
+ we have assigned an id to the buttons that matches values of the
+ DiagramScene::Mode enum, so that we can use the id to set the
+ correct mode.
+
+ Here is the \c bringToFront() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 5
+
+ Several items may collide, i.e., overlap, with each other in
+ the scene. This slot is called when the user requests that an
+ item should be placed on top of the items it collides with.
+ \l{QGraphicsItem}{QGrapicsItems} have a z-value that decides the
+ order in which items are stacked in the scene; you can think of it
+ as the z-axis in a 3D coordinate system. When items collide the
+ items with higher z-values will be drawn on top of items with
+ lower values. When we bring an item to the front we can loop
+ through the items it collides with and set a z-value that is
+ higher than all of them.
+
+ Here is the \c sendToBack() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 6
+
+ This slot works in the same way as \c bringToFront() described
+ above, but sets a z-value that is lower than items the item that
+ should be send to the back collides with.
+
+ This is the implementation of \c itemInserted():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 7
+
+ This slot is called from the \c DiagramScene when an item has been
+ added to the scene. We set the mode of the scene back to the mode
+ before the item was inserted, which is ItemMove or InsertText
+ depending on which button is checked in the \c pointerTypeGroup.
+ We must also uncheck the button in the in the \c buttonGroup.
+
+ Here is the implementation of \c textInserted():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 8
+
+ We simply set the mode of the scene back to the mode it had before
+ the text was inserted.
+
+ Here is the \c currentFontChanged() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 9
+
+ When the user requests a font change, by using one of the
+ widgets in the \c fontToolBar, we create a new QFont object and
+ set its properties to match the state of the widgets. This is done
+ in \c handleFontChange(), so we simply call that slot.
+
+ Here is the \c fontSizeChanged() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 10
+
+ When the user requests a font change, by using one of the
+ widgets in the \c fontToolBar, we create a new QFont object and
+ set its properties to match the state of the widgets. This is done
+ in \c handleFontChange(), so we simply call that slot.
+
+ Here is the implementation of \c sceneScaleChanged():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 11
+
+ The user can increase or decrease the scale, with the \c
+ sceneScaleCombo, the scene is drawn in.
+ It is not the scene itself that changes its scale, but only the
+ view.
+
+ Here is the \c textColorChanged() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 12
+
+ This slot is called when an item in the drop-down menu of the \c
+ fontColorToolButton is pressed. We need to change the icon on
+ the button to the color of the selected QAction. We keep a pointer
+ to the selected action in \c textAction. It is in \c
+ textButtonTriggered() we change the text color to the color of \c
+ textAction, so we call that slot.
+
+ Here is the \c itemColorChanged() implementation:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 13
+
+ This slot handles requests for changing the color of \c
+ DiagramItems in the same manner as \c textColorChanged() does for
+ \c DiagramTextItems.
+
+ Here is the implementation of \c lineColorChanged():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 14
+
+ This slot handles requests for changing the color of \c Arrows in
+ the same manner that \c textColorChanged() does it for \c
+ DiagramTextItems.
+
+ Here is the \c textButtonTriggered() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 15
+
+ \c textAction points to the QAction of the currently selected menu item
+ in the \c fontColorToolButton's color drop-down menu. We have set
+ the data of the action to the QColor the action represents, so we
+ can simply fetch this when we set the color of text with \c
+ setTextColor().
+
+ Here is the \c fillButtonTriggered() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 16
+
+ \c fillAction points to the selected menu item in the drop-down
+ menu of \c fillColorToolButton(). We can therefore use the data of
+ this action when we set the item color with \c setItemColor().
+
+ Here is the \c lineButtonTriggered() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 17
+
+ \c lineAction point to the selected item in the drop-down menu of
+ \c lineColorToolButton. We use its data when we set the arrow
+ color with \c setLineColor().
+
+ Here is the \c handleFontChange() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 18
+
+ \c handleFontChange() is called when any of the widgets that show
+ font properties changes. We create a new QFont object and set its
+ properties based on the widgets. We then call the \c setFont()
+ function of \c DiagramScene; it is the scene that set the font of
+ the \c DiagramTextItems it manages.
+
+ Here is the \c itemSelected() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 19
+
+ This slot is called when an item in the \c DiagramScene is
+ selected. In the case of this example it is only text items that
+ emit signals when they are selected, so we do not need to check
+ what kind of graphics \a item is.
+
+ We set the state of the widgets to match the properties of the
+ font of the selected text item.
+
+ This is the \c about() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/mainwindow.cpp 20
+
+ This slot displays an about box for the example when the user
+ selects the about menu item from the help menu.
+
+ \section1 DiagramScene Class Definition
+
+ The \c DiagramScene class inherits QGraphicsScene and adds
+ functionality to handle \c DiagramItems, \c Arrows, and \c
+ DiagramTextItems in addition to the items handled by its super
+ class.
+
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.h 0
+
+ In the \c DiagramScene a mouse click can give three different
+ actions: the item under the mouse can be moved, an item may be
+ inserted, or an arrow may be connected between to diagram items.
+ Which action a mouse click has depends on the mode, given by the
+ Mode enum, the scene is in. The mode is set with the \c setMode()
+ function.
+
+ The scene also sets the color of its items and the font of its
+ text items. The colors and font used by the scene can be set with
+ the \c setLineColor(), \c setTextColor(), \c setItemColor() and \c
+ setFont() functions. The type of \c DiagramItem, given by the
+ DiagramItem::DiagramType function, to be created when an item is
+ inserted is set with the \c setItemType() slot.
+
+ The \c MainWindow and \c DiagramScene share responsibility for
+ the examples functionality. \c MainWindow handles the following
+ tasks: the deletion of items, text, and arrows; moving diagram
+ items to the back and front; and setting the scale of the scene.
+
+ \section1 DiagramScene Class Implementation
+
+
+ We start with the constructor:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 0
+
+ The scene uses \c myItemMenu to set the context menu when it
+ creates \c DiagramItems. We set the default mode to \c
+ DiagramScene::MoveItem as this gives the default behavior of
+ QGraphicsScene.
+
+ Here is the \c setLineColor() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 1
+
+ The \c isItemChange function returns true if an \c Arrow item is
+ selected in the scene in which case we want to change its color.
+ When the \c DiagramScene creates and adds new arrows to the scene
+ it will also use the new \a color.
+
+ Here is the \c setTextColor() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 2
+
+ This function sets the color of \c DiagramTextItems equal to the
+ way \c setLineColor() sets the color of \c Arrows.
+
+ Here is the \c setItemColor() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 3
+
+ This function sets the color the scene will use when creating
+ \c DiagramItems. It also changes the color of a selected \c
+ DiagramItem.
+
+ This is the implementation of \c setFont():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 4
+
+ Set the font to use for new and selected, if a text item is
+ selected, \c DiagramTextItems.
+
+ This is the implementation of \c editorLostFocus() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 5
+
+ \c DiagramTextItems emit a signal when they loose focus, which is
+ connected to this slot. We remove the item if it has no text.
+ If not, we would leak memory and confuse the user as the items
+ will be edited when pressed on by the mouse.
+
+ The \c mousePressEvent() function handles mouse press event's
+ different depending on which mode the \c DiagramScene is in. We
+ examine its implementation for each mode:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 6
+
+ We simply create a new \c DiagramItem and add it to the scene at
+ the position the mouse was pressed. Note that the origin of its
+ local coordinate system will be under the mouse pointer position.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 7
+
+ The user adds \c Arrows to the scene by stretching a line between
+ the items the arrow should connect. The start of the line is fixed
+ in the place the user clicked the mouse and the end follows the
+ mouse pointer as long as the button is held down. When the user
+ releases the mouse button an \c Arrow will be added to the scene
+ if there is a \c DiagramItem under the start and end of the line.
+ We will see how this is implemented later; here we simply add the
+ line.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 8
+
+ The \c DiagramTextItem is editable when the
+ Qt::TextEditorInteraction flag is set, else it is movable by the
+ mouse. We always want the text to be drawn on top of the other
+ items in the scene, so we set the value to a number higher
+ than other items in the scene.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 9
+
+ We are in MoveItem mode if we get to the default switch; we
+ can then call the QGraphicsScene implementation, which
+ handles movement of items with the mouse. We make this call even
+ if we are in another mode making it possible to add an item and
+ then keep the mouse button pressed down and start moving
+ the item. In the case of text items, this is not possible as they
+ do not propagate mouse events when they are editable.
+
+ This is the \c mouseMoveEvent() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 10
+
+ We must draw the line if we are in InsertMode and the mouse button
+ is pressed down (the line is not 0). As discussed in \c
+ mousePressEvent() the line is drawn from the position the mouse
+ was pressed to the current position of the mouse.
+
+ If we are in MoveItem mode, we call the QGraphicsScene
+ implementation, which handles movement of items.
+
+ In the \c mouseReleaseEvent() function we need to check if an arrow
+ should be added to the scene:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 11
+
+ First we need to get the items (if any) under the line's start
+ and end points. The line itself is the first item at these points,
+ so we remove it from the lists. As a precaution, we check if the
+ lists are empty, but this should never happen.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 12
+
+ Now we check if there are two different \c DiagramItems under
+ the lines start and end points. If there are we can create an \c
+ Arrow with the two items. The arrow is then added to each item and
+ finally the scene. The arrow must be updated to adjust its start
+ and end points to the items. We set the z-value of the arrow to
+ -1000.0 because we always want it to be drawn under the items.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 13
+
+ Here is the \c isItemChange() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramscene.cpp 14
+
+ The scene has single selection, i.e., only one item can be
+ selected at any given time. The foreach will then loop one time
+ with the selected item or none if no item is selected. \c
+ isItemChange() is used to check whether a selected item exists
+ and also is of the specified diagram \a type.
+
+ \section1 DiagramItem Class Definition
+
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramitem.h 0
+
+ The \c DiagramItem represents a flowchart shape in the \c
+ DiagramScene. It inherits QGraphicsPolygonItem and has a polygon
+ for each shape. The enum DiagramType has a value for each of the
+ flowchart shapes.
+
+ The class has a list of the arrows that are connected to it.
+ This is necessary because only the item knows when it is being
+ moved (with the \c itemChanged() function) at which time the
+ arrows must be updated. The item can also draw itself onto a
+ QPixmap with the \c image() function. This is used for the tool
+ buttons in \c MainWindow, see \c createColorToolButtonIcon() in
+ \c MainWindow.
+
+ The Type enum is a unique identifier of the class. It is used by
+ \c qgraphicsitem_cast(), which does dynamic casts of graphics
+ items. The UserType constant is the minimum value a custom
+ graphics item type can be.
+
+ \section1 DiagramItem Class Implementation
+
+
+ We start with a look at the constructor:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramitem.cpp 0
+
+ In the constructor we create the items polygon according to
+ \a diagramType. \l{QGraphicsItem}s are not movable or selectable
+ by default, so we must set these properties.
+
+ Here is the \c removeArrow() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramitem.cpp 1
+
+ \c removeArrow() is used to remove \c Arrow items when they
+ or \c DiagramItems they are connected to are removed from the
+ scene.
+
+ Here is the \c removeArrows() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramitem.cpp 2
+
+ This function is called when the item is removed from the scene
+ and removes all arrows that are connected to this item. The arrow
+ must be removed from the \c arrows list of both its start and end
+ item.
+
+ Here is the \c addArrow() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramitem.cpp 3
+
+ This function simply adds the \a arrow to the items \c arrows list.
+
+ Here is the \c image() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramitem.cpp 4
+
+ This function draws the polygon of the item onto a QPixmap. In
+ this example we use this to create icons for the tool buttons in
+ the tool box.
+
+ Here is the \c contextMenuEvent() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramitem.cpp 5
+
+ We show the context menu. As right mouse clicks, which shows the
+ menu, don't select items by default we set the item selected with
+ \l{QGraphicsItem::}{setSelected()}. This is necessary since an
+ item must be selected to change its elevation with the
+ \c bringToFront and \c sendToBack actions.
+
+ This is the implementation of \c itemChange():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramitem.cpp 6
+
+ If the item has moved, we need to update the positions of the
+ arrows connected to it. The implementation of QGraphicsItem does
+ nothing, so we just return \a value.
+
+ \section1 DiagramTextItem Class Definition
+
+ The \c TextDiagramItem class inherits QGraphicsTextItem and
+ adds the possibility to move editable text items. Editable
+ QGraphicsTextItems are designed to be fixed in place and editing
+ starts when the user single clicks on the item. With \c
+ DiagramTextItem the editing starts with a double click leaving
+ single click available to interact with and move it.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramtextitem.h 0
+
+ We use \c itemChange() and \c focusOutEvent() to notify the
+ \c DiagramScene when the text item loses focus and gets selected.
+
+ Vi reimplement the functions that handle mouse events to make it
+ possible to alter the mouse behavior of QGraphicsTextItem.
+
+ \section1 DiagramTextItem Implementation
+
+ We start with the constructor:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramtextitem.cpp 0
+
+ We simply set the item movable and selectable, as these flags are
+ off by default.
+
+ Here is the \c itemChange() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramtextitem.cpp 1
+
+ When the item is selected we emit the selectedChanged signal. The
+ \c MainWindow uses this signal to update the widgets that display
+ font properties to the font of the selected text item.
+
+ Here is the \c focusOutEvent() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramtextitem.cpp 2
+
+ \c DiagramScene uses the signal emitted when the text item looses
+ remove the item if it is empty, i.e., it contains no text.
+
+ This is the implementation of \c mouseDoubleClickEvent():
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/diagramtextitem.cpp 5
+
+ When we receive a double click event, we make the item editable by calling
+ QGraphicsTextItem::setTextInteractionFlags(). We then forward the
+ double-click to the item itself.
+
+ \section1 Arrow Class Definition
+
+ The \c Arrow class is a graphics item that connects two \c
+ DiagramItems. It draws an arrow head to one of the items. To
+ achieve this the item needs to paint itself and also re implement
+ methods used by the graphics scene to check for collisions and
+ selections. The class inherits QGraphicsLine item, and draws the
+ arrowhead and moves with the items it connects.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.h 0
+
+ The item's color can be set with \c setColor().
+
+ \c boundingRect() and \c shape() are reimplemented
+ from QGraphicsLineItem and are used by the scene
+ to check for collisions and selections.
+
+ Calling \c updatePosition() causes the arrow to recalculate its
+ position and arrow head angle. \c paint() is reimplemented so that
+ we can paint an arrow rather than just a line between items.
+
+ \c myStartItem and \c myEndItem are the diagram items that the
+ arrow connects. The arrow is drawn with its head to the end item.
+ \c arrowHead is a polygon with three vertices's we use to draw the
+ arrow head.
+
+ \section1 Arrow Class Implementation
+
+ The constructor of the \c Arrow class looks like this:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.cpp 0
+
+ We set the start and end diagram items of the arrow. The arrow
+ head will be drawn where the line intersects the end item.
+
+ Here is the \c boundingRect() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.cpp 1
+
+ We need to reimplement this function because the arrow is
+ larger than the bounding rectangle of the QGraphicsLineItem. The
+ graphics scene uses the bounding rectangle to know which regions
+ of the scene to update.
+
+ Here is the \c shape() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.cpp 2
+
+ The shape function returns a QPainterPath that is the exact
+ shape of the item. The QGraphicsLineItem::shape() returns a path
+ with a line drawn with the current pen, so we only need to add
+ the arrow head. This function is used to check for collisions and
+ selections with the mouse.
+
+ Here is the \c updatePosition() slot:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.cpp 3
+
+ This slot updates the arrow by setting the start and end
+ points of its line to the center of the items it connects.
+
+ Here is the \c paint() function:
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.cpp 4
+
+ If the start and end items collide we do not draw the arrow; the
+ algorithm we use to find the point the arrow should be drawn at
+ may fail if the items collide.
+
+ We first set the pen and brush we will use for drawing the arrow.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.cpp 5
+
+ We then need to find the position at which to draw the
+ arrowhead. The head should be drawn where the line and the end
+ item intersects. This is done by taking the line between each
+ point in the polygon and check if it intersects with the line of
+ the arrow. Since the line start and end points are set to the
+ center of the items the arrow line should intersect one and only
+ one of the lines of the polygon. Note that the points in the
+ polygon are relative to the local coordinate system of the item.
+ We must therefore add the position of the end item to make the
+ coordinates relative to the scene.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.cpp 6
+
+ We calculate the angle between the x-axis and the line of the
+ arrow. We need to turn the arrow head to this angle so that it
+ follows the direction of the arrow. If the angle is negative we
+ must turn the direction of the arrow.
+
+ We can then calculate the three points of the arrow head polygon.
+ One of the points is the end of the line, which now is the
+ intersection between the arrow line and the end polygon. Then we
+ clear the \c arrowHead polygon from the previous calculated arrow
+ head and set these new points.
+
+ \snippet examples/graphicsview/diagramscene/arrow.cpp 7
+
+ If the line is selected we draw to dotted lines that are
+ parallel with the line of the arrow. We do not use the default
+ implementation, which uses \l{QGraphicsItem::}{boundingRect()}
+ because the QRect bounding rectangle is considerably larger than
+ the line.
+*/