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diff --git a/doc/src/development/qmake-manual.qdoc b/doc/src/development/qmake-manual.qdoc new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6a9f7b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/src/development/qmake-manual.qdoc @@ -0,0 +1,4722 @@ +/**************************************************************************** +** +** Copyright (C) 2009 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies). +** Contact: Nokia Corporation (qt-info@nokia.com) +** +** This file is part of the documentation of the Qt Toolkit. +** +** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL$ +** No Commercial Usage +** This file contains pre-release code and may not be distributed. +** You may use this file in accordance with the terms and conditions +** contained in the Technology Preview License Agreement accompanying +** this package. +** +** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage +** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser +** General Public License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software +** Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPL included in the +** packaging of this file. Please review the following information to +** ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1 requirements +** will be met: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html. +** +** In addition, as a special exception, Nokia gives you certain +** additional rights. These rights are described in the Nokia Qt LGPL +** Exception version 1.1, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this +** package. +** +** If you have questions regarding the use of this file, please contact +** Nokia at qt-info@nokia.com. +** +** +** +** +** +** +** +** +** $QT_END_LICENSE$ +** +****************************************************************************/ + +/*! + \page qmake-manual.html + \title qmake Manual + \startpage {index.html}{Qt Reference Documentation} + \nextpage qmake Tutorial + + \ingroup qttools + \keyword qmake + + \c qmake is a tool that helps simplify the build + process for development project across different platforms. \c qmake + automates the generation of Makefiles so that only a few lines of + information are needed to create each Makefile. \c qmake can be used for + any software project, whether it is written in Qt or not. + + \c qmake generates a Makefile based on the information in a project + file. Project files are created by the developer, and are usually + simple, but more sophisticated project files can be created for + complex projects. + \c qmake contains additional features to support development with Qt, + automatically including build rules for \l{moc.html}{moc} + and \l{uic.html}{uic}. + \c qmake can also generate projects for Microsoft Visual studio + without requiring the developer to change the project file. + + \section1 Getting Started + + The \l{qmake Tutorial} and guide to \l{qmake Common Projects} provide overviews + that aim to help new users get started with \c qmake. + + \list + \o \l{qmake Tutorial} + \tableofcontents{1 qmake Tutorial} + \endlist + + \list + \o \l{qmake Common Projects} + \tableofcontents{1 qmake Common Projects} + \endlist + + \section1 Table of Contents + + \list + \o \l{Using qmake} + \tableofcontents{1 Using qmake} + \o \l{qmake Project Files} + \tableofcontents{1 qmake Project Files} + \o \l{Running qmake} + \tableofcontents{1 Running qmake} + \o \l{qmake Platform Notes} + \tableofcontents{1 qmake Platform Notes} + \o \l{qmake Advanced Usage} + \tableofcontents{1 qmake Advanced Usage} + \o \l{Using Precompiled Headers} + \tableofcontents{1 Using Precompiled Headers} + \o \l{qmake Reference} + \tableofcontents{1 qmake Reference} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference} + \tableofcontents{1 qmake Variable Reference} + \o \l{qmake Function Reference} + \tableofcontents{1 qmake Function Reference} + \o \l{Configuring qmake's Environment} + \tableofcontents{1 Configuring qmake's Environment} + \endlist +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-using.html + \title Using qmake + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Manual + \nextpage qmake Project Files + + \c qmake provides a project-oriented system for managing the build + process for applications, libraries, and other components. This + approach gives developers control over the source files used, and + allows each of the steps in the process to be described concisely, + typically within a single file. \c qmake expands the information in + each project file to a Makefile that executes the necessary commands + for compiling and linking. + + In this document, we provide a basic introduction to project files, + describe some of the main features of \c qmake, and show how to use + \c qmake on the command line. + + \section1 Describing a Project + + Projects are described by the contents of project (\c .pro) files. + The information within these is used by \c qmake to generate a Makefile + containing all the commands that are needed to build each project. + Project files typically contain a list of source and header files, + general configuration information, and any application-specific details, + such as a list of extra libraries to link against, or a list of extra + include paths to use. + + Project files can contain a number of different elements, including + comments, variable declarations, built-in functions, and some simple + control structures. In most simple projects, it is only necessary + to declare the source and header files that are used to build the + project with some basic configuration options. + + Complete examples of project files can be found in the + \l{qmake Tutorial}. + An introduction to project files can be found in the + \l{qmake Project Files} chapter, and a more detailed description is + available in the \l{qmake Reference}. + + \section1 Building a Project + + For simple projects, you only need to run \c qmake in the top + level directory of your project. By default, \c qmake generates a + Makefile that you then use to build the project, and you can then + run your platform's \c make tool to build the project. + + \c qmake can also be used to generate project files. A full + description of \c{qmake}'s command line options can be found in the + \l{Running qmake} chapter of this manual. + + \section1 Using Precompiled Headers + + In large projects, it is possible to take advantage of precompiled + header files to speed up the build process. This feature is described + in detail in the \l{Using Precompiled Headers} chapter. +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-project-files.html + \title qmake Project Files + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage Using qmake + \nextpage Running qmake + + Project files contain all the information required by \c qmake to build + your application, library, or plugin. The resources used by your project + are generally specified using a series of declarations, but support for + simple programming constructs allow you to describe different build + processes for different platforms and environments. + + \tableofcontents + + \section1 Project File Elements + + The project file format used by \c qmake can be used to support both + simple and fairly complex build systems. Simple project files will + use a straightforward declarative style, defining standard variables + to indicate the source and header files that are used in the project. + Complex projects may use the control flow structures to fine-tune the + build process. + + The following sections describe the different types of elements used + in project files. + + \section2 Variables + + In a project file, variables are used to hold lists of strings. + In the simplest projects, these variables inform \c qmake about the + configuration options to use, or supply filenames and paths to use + in the build process. + + \c qmake looks for certain variables in each project file, and it + uses the contents of these to determine what it should write to a + Makefile. For example, the list of values in the \c HEADERS and + \c SOURCES variables are used to tell \c qmake about header and + source files in the same directory as the project file. + + Variables can also be used internally to store temporary lists of values, + and existing lists of values can be overwritten or extended with new + values. + + The following lines show how lists of values are assigned to variables: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/variables.pro 0 + + Note that the first assignment only includes values that are specified on + the same line as the \c SOURCES variable. The second assignment splits + the items across lines by using the \c \\ character. + + The list of values in a variable is extended in the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/variables.pro 1 + + The \c CONFIG variable is another special variable that \c qmake + uses when generating a Makefile. It is discussed in the section on + \l{#GeneralConfiguration}{general configuration} later in this chapter. + In the above line, \c qt is added to the list of existing values + contained in \c CONFIG. + + The following table lists the variables that \c qmake recognizes, and + describes what they should contain. + + \table + \header \o Variable \o Contents + \row \o CONFIG \o General project configuration options. + \row \o DESTDIR \o The directory in which the executable or binary file will + be placed. + \row \o FORMS \o A list of UI files to be processed by \c uic. + \row \o HEADERS \o A list of filenames of header (.h) files used when + building the project. + \row \o QT \o Qt-specific configuration options. + \row \o RESOURCES \o A list of resource (.rc) files to be included in the + final project. See the \l{The Qt Resource System} for + more information about these files. + \row \o SOURCES \o A list of source code files to be used when building + the project. + \row \o TEMPLATE \o The template to use for the project. This determines + whether the output of the build process will be an + application, a library, or a plugin. + \endtable + + The contents of a variable can be read by prepending the variable name with + \c $$. This can be used to assign the contents of one variable to another: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/dereferencing.pro 0 + + The \c $$ operator is used extensively with built-in functions that operate + on strings and lists of values. These are described in the chapter on + \l{qmake Advanced Usage}. + + \section3 Whitespace + + Normally, variables are used to contain whitespace-separated lists + of values. However, it is sometimes necessary to specify values containing + spaces. These must be quoted by using the + \l{qmake Function Reference#quote-string}{quote()} function in the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/quoting.pro 0 + + The quoted text is treated as a single item in the list of values held by + the variable. A similar approach is used to deal with paths that contain + spaces, particularly when defining the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#INCLUDEPATH}{INCLUDEPATH} and + \l{qmake Variable Reference#LIBS}{LIBS} variables for the Windows platform. + In cases like these, the \l{qmake Function Reference#quote(string)}{quote()} + function can be used in the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/spaces.pro quoting include paths with spaces + + \section2 Comments + + You can add comments to project files. Comments begin with the \c + # character and continue to the end of the same line. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/comments.pro 0 + + To include the \c # character in variable assignments, it is necessary + to use the contents of the built-in \c LITERAL_HASH variable. See the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#LITERAL_HASH}{variable reference} for more + information. + + \section2 Built-in Functions and Control Flow + + \c qmake provides a number of built-in functions to allow the contents + of variables to be processed. The most commonly used function in simple + project files is the \c include function which takes a filename as an + argument. The contents of the given file are included in the project + file at the place where the \c include function is used. + The \c include function is most commonly used to include other project + files: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/include.pro 0 + + Support for conditional structures is made available via + \l{qmake Advanced Usage#scopes}{scopes} that behave like \c if + statements in programming languages: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/scopes.pro 0 + + The assignments inside the braces are only made if the condition is + true. In this case, the special \c win32 variable must be set; this + happens automatically on Windows, but this can also be specified on + other platforms by running \c qmake with the \c{-win32} command line + option (see \l{Running qmake} for more information). The opening + brace must stand on the same line as the condition. + + Simple loops are constructed by iterating over lists of values using + the built-in \c for function. The following code adds directories + to the \l{qmake Variable Reference#SUBDIRS}{SUBDIRS} variable, but + only if they exist: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/functions.pro 0 + + More complex operations on variables that would usually require loops + are provided by built-in functions such as \c find, \c unique, and + \c count. These functions, and many others are provided to manipulate + strings and paths, support user input, and call external tools. A list + of the functions available can be found in the + \l{qmake Advanced Usage} chapter of this manual. + + \section1 Project Templates + + The \c TEMPLATE variable is used to define the type of project that will + be built. If this is not declared in the project file, \c qmake assumes + that an application should be built, and will generate an appropriate + Makefile (or equivalent file) for the purpose. + + The types of project available are listed in the following table with + information about the files that \c qmake will generate for each of them: + + \table + \header \o Template \o Description of \c qmake output + \row \o app (default) \o Creates a Makefile to build an application. + \row \o lib \o Creates a Makefile to build a library. + \row \o subdirs \o Creates a Makefile containing rules for the + subdirectories specified using the \l{qmake Variable Reference#SUBDIRS}{SUBDIRS} + variable. Each subdirectory must contain its own project file. + \row \o vcapp \o Creates a Visual Studio Project file to build + an application. + \row \o vclib \o Creates a Visual Studio Project file to build a library. + \endtable + + See the \l{qmake Tutorial} for advice on writing project files for + projects that use the \c app and \c lib templates. + + When the \c subdirs template is used, \c qmake generates a Makefile + to examine each specified subdirectory, process any project file it finds + there, and run the platform's \c make tool on the newly-created Makefile. + The \l{qmake Variable Reference#SUBDIRS}{SUBDIRS} variable is used to + contain a list of all the subdirectories to be processed. + + \target GeneralConfiguration + \section1 General Configuration + + The \l{qmake Variable Reference#CONFIG}{CONFIG variable} specifies the + options and features that the compiler should use and the libraries that + should be linked against. Anything can be added to the \c CONFIG variable, + but the options covered below are recognized by \c qmake internally. + + The following options control the compiler flags that are used to build the + project: + + \table + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o release \o The project is to be built in release mode. + This is ignored if \c debug is also specified. + \row \o debug \o The project is to be built in debug mode. + \row \o debug_and_release \o The project is built in \e both debug and + release modes. + \row \o debug_and_release_target \o The project is built in \e both debug + and release modes. TARGET is built into \e both the debug and release directories. + \row \o build_all \o If \c debug_and_release is specified, the project is + built in both debug and release modes by default. + \row \o autogen_precompile_source \o Automatically generates a \c .cpp file that includes + the precompiled header file specified in the .pro file. + \row \o ordered \o When using the \c subdirs template, this option + specifies that the directories listed should be processed in the + order in which they are given. + \row \o warn_on \o The compiler should output as many warnings as possible. + This is ignored if \c warn_off is specified. + \row \o warn_off \o The compiler should output as few warnings as possible. + \row \o copy_dir_files \o Enables the install rule to also copy directories, not just files. + \endtable + + The \c debug_and_release option is special in that it enables \e both debug and + release versions of a project to be built. In such a case, the Makefile that + \c qmake generates includes a rule that builds both versions, and this can be + invoked in the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 0 + + Adding the \c build_all option to the \c CONFIG variable makes this rule + the default when building the project, and installation targets will be + created for both debug and release builds. + + Note that each of the options specified in the \c CONFIG variable can also be + used as a scope condition. + You can test for the presence of certain configuration options by using the + built-in \l{qmake Function Reference#CONFIG(config)}{CONFIG()} function. + For example, the following lines show the function as the condition in a scope + to test whether only the \c opengl option is in use: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/configscopes.pro 4 + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/configscopes.pro 5 + + This enables different configurations to be defined for \c release and + \c debug builds, and is described in more detail in the + \l{qmake Advanced Usage#Scopes}{Scopes} section of the + \l{qmake Advanced Usage}{Advanced Usage} chapter of this manual. + + The following options define the type of project to be built. Note that some + of these options only take effect when used on the relevant platform. On other + platforms, they have no effect. + + \table + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o qt \o The project is a Qt application and should link against the Qt + library. You can use the \c QT variable to control any additional + Qt modules that are required by your application. + \row \o thread \o The project is a multi-threaded application. + \row \o x11 \o The project is an X11 application or library. + \endtable + + When using \l{qmake Variable Reference#TEMPLATE}{application or library project + templates}, more specialized configuration options can be used to fine tune the + build process. These are explained in details in the + \l{qmake-common-projects.html}{Common Projects} chapter of this manual. + + For example, if your application uses the Qt library and you want to + build it as a multi-threaded application in \c debug mode, your project + file will contain the following line: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 1 + + Note, that you must use "+=", not "=", or \c qmake will not be able to + use Qt's configuration to determine the settings needed for your project. + + \section1 Declaring Qt Libraries + + If the \c CONFIG variable contains the \c qt value, qmake's support for Qt + applications is enabled. This makes it possible to fine-tune which of the + Qt modules are used by your application. This is achieved with the \c QT + variable which can be used to declare the required extension modules. + For example, we can enable the XML and network modules in the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 2 + + Note that \c QT includes the \c core and \c gui modules by default, so the + above declaration \e adds the network and XML modules to this default list. + The following assignment \e omits the default modules, and will lead to + errors when the application's source code is being compiled: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 3 + + If you want to build a project \e without the \c gui module, you need to + exclude it with the "-=" operator. By default, \c QT contains both + \c core and \c gui, so the following line will result in a minimal + Qt project being built: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 4 + + The table below shows the options that can be used with the \c QT variable + and the features that are associated with each of them: + + \table + \header \o Option \o Features + \row \o core (included by default) \o QtCore module + \row \o gui (included by default) \o QtGui module + \row \o network \o QtNetwork module + \row \o opengl \o QtOpenGL module + \row \o sql \o QtSql module + \row \o svg \o QtSvg module + \row \o xml \o QtXml module + \row \o xmlpatterns \o QtXmlPatterns module + \row \o qt3support \o Qt3Support module + \endtable + + Note that adding the \c opengl option to the \c QT variable automatically + causes the equivalent option to be added to the \c CONFIG variable. + Therefore, for Qt applications, it is not necessary to add the \c opengl + option to both \c CONFIG and \c{QT}. + + \section1 Configuration Features + + \c qmake can be set up with extra configuration features that are specified + in feature (.prf) files. These extra features often provide support for + custom tools that are used during the build process. To add a feature to + the build process, append the feature name (the stem of the feature filename) + to the \c CONFIG variable. + + For example, \c qmake can configure the build process to take advantage + of external libraries that are supported by + \l{http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software_2fpkgconfig}{pkg-config}, + such as the D-Bus and ogg libraries, with the following lines: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 5 + + More information about features can be found in the + \l{qmake Advanced Usage#Adding New Configuration Features} + {Adding New Configuration Features} section of the \l{qmake Advanced Usage} + chapter. + + \section1 Declaring Other Libraries + + If you are using other libraries in your project in addition to those + supplied with Qt, you need to specify them in your project file. + + The paths that \c qmake searches for libraries and the specific libraries + to link against can be added to the list of values in the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#LIBS}{LIBS} variable. The paths to the libraries + themselves can be given, or the familiar Unix-style notation for specifying + libraries and paths can be used if preferred. + + For example, the following lines show how a library can be specified: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 6 + + The paths containing header files can also be specified in a similar way + using the \l{qmake Variable Reference#INCLUDEPATH}{INCLUDEPATH} variable. + + For example, it is possible to add several paths to be searched for header + files: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 7 +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-running.html + \title Running qmake + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Project Files + \nextpage qmake Platform Notes + + The behavior of \c qmake can be customized when it is run by + specifying various options on the command line. These allow the + build process to be fine-tuned, provide useful diagnostic + information, and can be used to specify the target platform for + your project. + + \tableofcontents + + \target Commands + \section1 Command-Line Options + + \section2 Syntax + + The syntax used to run \c qmake takes the following simple form: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 8 + + \c qmake supports two different modes of operation: In the default mode, + \c qmake will use the description in a project file to generate a Makefile, + but it is also possible to use \c qmake to generate project files. + If you want to explicitly set the mode, you must specify it before all + other options. The \c mode can be either of the following two values: + + \list + \o \c -makefile \BR + \c qmake output will be a Makefile. + \o \c -project \BR + \c qmake output will be a project file. \BR +\bold{Note:} It is likely that the created file will need to be edited for example adding the \c QT variable to suit what modules are required for the project. + \endlist + + The following \c options are used to specify both general and mode-specific + settings. Options that only apply to the Makefile mode are described in the + \l{#MakefileMode}{Makefile Mode Options} section; options that influence the + creation of project files are described in the + \l{#ProjectMode}{Project File Options} section. + + The \c files argument represents a list of one or more project files, separated + by spaces. + + \section2 Options + + A wide range of options can be specified on the command line to \c qmake in + order to customize the build process, and to override default settings for + your platform. The following basic options provide usage information, specify + where \c qmake writes the output file, and control the level of debugging + information that will be written to the console: + + \list + \o \c -help \BR + \c qmake will go over these features and give some useful help. + \o \c -o file \BR + \c qmake output will be directed to \e file. If this option + is not specified, \c qmake will try to use a suitable file name for its + output, depending on the mode it is running in.\BR + If '-' is specified, output is directed to stdout. + \o \c -d \BR + \c qmake will output debugging information. + \endlist + + For projects that need to be built differently on each target platform, with + many subdirectories, you can run \c qmake with each of the following + options to set the corresponding platform-specific variable in each + project file: + + \list + \o \c -unix \BR + \c qmake will run in unix mode. In this mode, Unix file + naming and path conventions will be used, additionally testing for \c unix + (as a scope) will succeed. This is the default mode on all Unices. + \o \c -macx \BR + \c qmake will run in Mac OS X mode. In this mode, Unix file + naming and path conventions will be used, additionally testing for \c macx + (as a scope) will succeed. This is the default mode on Mac OS X. + \o \c -win32 \BR + \c qmake will run in win32 mode. In this mode, Windows file naming and path + conventions will be used, additionally testing for \c win32 (as a scope) + will succeed. This is the default mode on Windows. + \endlist + + The template used for the project is usually specified by the \c TEMPLATE + variable in the project file. We can override or modify this by using the + following options: + + \list + \o \c -t tmpl \BR + \c qmake will override any set \c TEMPLATE variables with tmpl, but only + \e after the .pro file has been processed. + \o \c -tp prefix \BR + \c qmake will add the prefix to the \c TEMPLATE variable. + \endlist + + The level of warning information can be fine-tuned to help you find problems in + your project file: + + \list + \o \c -Wall \BR + \c qmake will report all known warnings. + \o \c -Wnone \BR + No warning information will be generated by \c qmake. + \o \c -Wparser \BR + \c qmake will only generate parser warnings. This will alert + you to common pitfalls and potential problems in the parsing of your + project files. + \o \c -Wlogic \BR + \c qmake will warn of common pitfalls and potential problems in your + project file. For example, \c qmake will report whether a file is placed + into a list of files multiple times, or if a file cannot be found. + \endlist + + \target MakefileMode + \section2 Makefile Mode Options + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 9 + + In Makefile mode, \c qmake will generate a Makefile that is used to build the + project. Additionally, the following options may be used in this mode to + influence the way the project file is generated: + + \list + \o \c -after \BR + \c qmake will process assignments given on the command line after + the specified files. + \o \c -nocache \BR + \c qmake will ignore the .qmake.cache file. + \o \c -nodepend \BR + \c qmake will not generate any dependency information. + \o \c -cache file \BR + \c qmake will use \e file as the cache file, ignoring any other + .qmake.cache files found. + \o \c -spec spec \BR + \c qmake will use \e spec as a path to platform and compiler information, + and the value of \c QMAKESPEC will be ignored. + \endlist + + You may also pass \c qmake assignments on the command line; + they will be processed before all of the files specified. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 10 + + This will generate a Makefile, from test.pro with Unix pathnames. However + many of the specified options aren't necessary as they are the default. + Therefore, the line can be simplified on Unix to: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 11 + + If you are certain you want your variables processed after the + files specified, then you may pass the \c -after option. When this + is specified, all assignments on the command line after the \c -after + option will be postponed until after the specified files are parsed. + + \target ProjectMode + \section2 Project Mode Options + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 12 + + In project mode, \c qmake will generate a project file. Additionally, you + may supply the following options in this mode: + + \list + \o \c -r \BR + \c qmake will look through supplied directories recursively + \o \c -nopwd \BR + \c qmake will not look in your current working directory for + source code and only use the specified \c files + \endlist + + In this mode, the \c files argument can be a list of files or directories. + If a directory is specified, it will be included in the \c DEPENDPATH + variable, and relevant code from there will be included in the generated + project file. If a file is given, it will be appended to the correct + variable, depending on its extension; for example, UI files are added + to \c FORMS, and C++ files are added to \c SOURCES. + + You may also pass assignments on the command line in this mode. When doing + so, these assignments will be placed last in the generated project file. +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-platform-notes.html + \title qmake Platform Notes + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage Running qmake + \nextpage qmake Advanced Usage + + Many cross-platform projects can be handled by the \c{qmake}'s basic + configuration features. On some platforms, it is sometimes useful, or even + necessary, to take advantage of platform-specific features. \c qmake knows + about many of these features, and these can be accessed via specific + variables that only have an effect on the platforms where they are relevant. + + \tableofcontents + + \section1 Mac OS X + + Features specific to this platform include support for creating universal + binaries, frameworks and bundles. + + \section2 Source and Binary Packages + + The version of \c qmake supplied in source packages is configured slightly + differently to that supplied in binary packages in that it uses a different + feature specification. Where the source package typically uses the + \c macx-g++ specification, the binary package is typically configured to + use the \c macx-xcode specification. + + Users of each package can override this configuration by invoking \c qmake + with the \c -spec option (see \l{Running qmake} for more information). This + makes it possible, for example, to use \c qmake from a binary package to + create a Makefile in a project directory with the following command line + invocation: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 13 + + \section2 Using Frameworks + + \c qmake is able to automatically generate build rules for linking against + frameworks in the standard framework directory on Mac OS X, located at + \c{/Library/Frameworks/}. + + Directories other than the standard framework directory need to be specified + to the build system, and this is achieved by appending linker options to the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#QMAKE_LFLAGS}{QMAKE_LFLAGS} variable, as shown + in the following example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 14 + + The framework itself is linked in by appending the \c{-framework} options and + the name of the framework to the \l{qmake Variable Reference#LIBS}{LIBS} + variable: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 15 + + \section2 Creating Frameworks + + Any given library project can be configured so that the resulting library + file is placed in a + \l{http://developer.apple.com/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPFrameworks/Concepts/WhatAreFrameworks.html} + {framework}, ready for deployment. To do this, set up the project to use the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#TEMPLATE}{\c lib template} and add the + \c lib_bundle option to the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#CONFIG}{CONFIG} variable: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 16 + + The data associated with the library is specified using the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#QMAKE_BUNDLE_DATA}{QMAKE_BUNDLE_DATA} + variable. This holds items that will be installed with a library + bundle, and is often used to specify a collection of header files, + as in the following example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 17 + + Here, the \c FRAMEWORK_HEADERS variable is a user-defined variable that + is used to define the headers required to use a particular framework. + Appending it to the \c QMAKE_BUNDLE_DATA variable ensures that the + information about these headers are added to the collection of + resources that will be installed with the library bundle. Also, the + framework's name and version are specified by + \l{qmake Variable Reference#QMAKE_FRAMEWORK_BUNDLE_NAME} + {QMAKE_FRAMEWORK_BUNDLE_NAME} + and \l{qmake Variable Reference#QMAKE_FRAMEWORK_VERSION} + {QMAKE_FRAMEWORK_VERSION} variables. By default, the values used for + these are obtained from the \l{qmake Variable Reference#TARGET}{TARGET} + and \l{qmake Variable Reference#VERSION}{VERSION} variables. + + See \l{Deploying an Application on Mac OS X} for more information about + deploying applications and libraries. + + \section2 Creating Universal Binaries + + To create a universal binary for your application, you need to be using + a version of Qt that has been configured with the \c{-universal} option. + + The architectures to be supported in the binary are specified with the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#CONFIG}{CONFIG} variable. For example, the + following assignment causes \c qmake to generate build rules to create + a universal binary for both PowerPC and x86 architectures: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 18 + + Additionally, developers using a PowerPC-based platform need to set the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#QMAKE_MAC_SDK}{QMAKE_MAC_SDK} variable. + This process is discussed in more detail in the + \l{Deploying an Application on Mac OS X#Architecture Dependencies}{deployment guide for Mac OS X}. + + \section2 Creating and Moving Xcode Projects + + Developers on Mac OS X can take advantage of \c{qmake}'s support for Xcode + project files, as described in + \l{Qt is Mac OS X Native#Development Tools}{Qt is Mac OS X Native}, + by running \c qmake to generate an Xcode project from an existing \c qmake + project files. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 19 + + Note that, if a project is later moved on the disk, \c qmake must be run + again to process the project file and create a new Xcode project file. + + \section2 On supporting two build targets simultaneously + + Implementing this is currently not feasible, because the XCode + concept of Active Build Configurations is conceptually different + from the qmake idea of build targets. + + The XCode Active Build Configurations settings are for modifying + xcode configurations, compiler flags and similar build + options. Unlike Visual Studio, XCode does not allow for the + selection of specific library files based on whether debug or + release build configurations are selected. The qmake debug and + release settings control which library files are linked to the + executable. + + It is currently not possible to set files in XCode configuration + settings from the qmake generated xcode project file. The way the + libraries are linked in the "Frameworks & Libraries" phase in the + XCode build system. + + Furthermore, The selected "Active Build Configuration" is stored + in a .pbxuser file, which is generated by xcode on first load, not + created by qmake. + + \section1 Windows + + Features specific to this platform include support for creating Visual + Studio project files and handling manifest files when deploying Qt + applications developed using Visual Studio 2005. + + \section2 Creating Visual Studio Project Files + + Developers using Visual Studio to write Qt applications can use the + Visual Studio integration facilities provided with the + \l{Qt Commercial Editions} and do not need to worry about how + project dependencies are managed. + + However, some developers may need to import an existing \c qmake project + into Visual Studio. \c qmake is able to take a project file and create a + Visual Studio project that contains all the necessary information required + by the development environment. This is achieved by setting the \c qmake + \l{qmake Variable Reference#TEMPLATE}{project template} to either \c vcapp + (for application projects) or \c vclib (for library projects). + + This can also be set using a command line option, for example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 20 + + It is possible to recursively generate \c{.vcproj} files in subdirectories + and a \c{.sln} file in the main directory, by typing: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 21 + + Each time you update the project file, you need to run \c qmake to generate + an updated Visual Studio project. + + \note If you are using the Visual Studio Add-in, you can import \c .pro + files via the \gui{Qt->Import from .pro file} menu item. + + \section2 Visual Studio 2005 Manifest Files + + When deploying Qt applications built using Visual Studio 2005, it is + necessary to ensure that the manifest file, created when the application + was linked, is handled correctly. This is handled automatically for + projects that generate DLLs. + + Removing manifest embedding for application executables can be done with + the following assignment to the \l{qmake Variable Reference#CONFIG} + {CONFIG} variable: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 22 + + Also, the manifest embedding for DLLs can be removed with the following + assignment to the \l{qmake Variable Reference#CONFIG}{CONFIG} variable: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 23 + + This is discussed in more detail in the + \l{Deploying an Application on Windows#Visual Studio 2005 Onwards} + {deployment guide for Windows}. + + + \section1 S60 + + Features specific to this platform include handling of static data, + capabilities, stack and heap size, compiler specific options, and unique + identifiers for the application or library. + + \section2 Handling of static data + + If the application uses any static data, the build system needs to be + informed about it. This is because Symbian tries to save memory if no + static data is in use. + + To specify that static data support is desired, add this to the project file: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 129 + + The default value is zero. + + \section2 Stack and heap size + + Symbian uses predefined sizes for stacks and heaps. If an + application exceeds either limit, it may crash or fail to complete its + task. Crashes that seem to have no reason can often be traced back to + insufficient stack and/or heap sizes. + + The stack size has a maximum value, whereas the heap size has a + minimum and a maximum value, all specified in bytes. The minimum value + prevents the application from starting if that amount of memory is not available. The + minimum and maximum values are separated by a space. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 130 + + The default values depend on the version of the S60 SDK you're using. + + \section2 Compiler specific options + + General compiler options can as usual be set using \c QMAKE_CFLAGS and \c QMAKE_CXXFLAGS. + In order to set specific compiler options, \c QMAKE_CFLAGS.<compiler> and + \c QMAKE_CXXFLAGS.<compiler> can be used. \c <compiler> can be either \c CW for the WINSCW + architecture (emulator), or \c ARMCC for the ARMv5 architecture (hardware). + + Here is an example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 131 + + \section2 Unique identifiers + + Symbian applications may have unique identifiers attached to them. + Here is how to define them in a project file: + + There are four types of IDs supported: \c UID2, \c UID3, \c SID, and \c VID. They + are specified like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 132 + + If \c UID2 is not specified, it defaults to the same value as \c UID3. + If \c UID3 is not specified, qmake will automatically generate a \c UID3 + suitable for development and debugging. This value should be manually + specified for applications that are to be released. In order to optain + an official UID, please contact Nokia. Both \c SID and \c VID default to empty values. + + For more information about unique identifiers and their meaning for + Symbian applications, please refer to the + \l{http://www.symbian.com/developer/techlib/v9.2docs/doc_source/ToolsAndUtilities/BuildTools/UsingUids.guide.html}{respective S60 SDK documentation}. + + \section2 Capabilities + + Capabilities define extra priviledges for the application, such as the + ability to list all files on the file system. Capabilities are defined + in the project file like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 133 + + It is also possible to specify which capabilities \e not to have, + by first specifying \c ALL and then list the unwanted capabilities + with a minus in front of them, like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 134 + + For more information about capabilities, please refer to the + \l{http://www.symbian.com/developer/techlib/v9.2docs/doc_source/guide/platsecsdk/index.html}{respective S60 SDK documentation}. +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-reference.html + \title qmake Reference + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage Using Precompiled Headers + \nextpage qmake Variable Reference + + This reference is a detailed index of all the variables and function + that are available for use in \c qmake project files. + + \section1 Variable Reference + + The \l{qmake Variable Reference} describes the variables that are + recognized by \c qmake when configuring the build process for + projects. + + \section1 Function Reference + + The \l{qmake Function Reference} describes the function that can be + used to process the contents of variables defined in project files. + + \target FrequentlyUsedVariables + \section1 Frequently Used Variables + + The following variables are frequently used in project files to describe + common aspects of the build process. These are fully described in the + \l{qmake-variable-reference.html}{Variable Reference}. + + \list + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#CONFIG}{CONFIG} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#DEF_FILE}{DEF_FILE} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#DEFINES}{DEFINES} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#DESTDIR}{DESTDIR} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#DISTFILES}{DISTFILES} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#DLLDESTDIR}{DLLDESTDIR} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#FORMS}{FORMS} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#FORMS3}{FORMS3} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#GUID}{GUID} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#HEADERS}{HEADERS} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#INCLUDEPATH}{INCLUDEPATH} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#LEXSOURCES}{LEXSOURCES} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#LIBS}{LIBS} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#MOC_DIR}{MOC_DIR} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#OBJECTS_DIR}{OBJECTS_DIR} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#QT}{QT} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#RCC_DIR}{RCC_DIR} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#REQUIRES}{REQUIRES} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#RESOURCES}{RESOURCES} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#SOURCES}{SOURCES} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#SUBDIRS}{SUBDIRS} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#TARGET}{TARGET} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#TEMPLATE}{TEMPLATE} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#TRANSLATIONS}{TRANSLATIONS} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#UI_DIR}{UI_DIR} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#UI_HEADERS_DIR}{UI_HEADERS_DIR} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#UI_SOURCES_DIR}{UI_SOURCES_DIR} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#VERSION}{VERSION} + \o \l{qmake Variable Reference#YACCSOURCES}{YACCSOURCES} + \endlist + + \section1 Environment Variables and Configuration + + The \l{Configuring qmake's Environment} chapter of this manual + describes the environment variables that \c qmake uses when + configuring the build process. +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-variable-reference.html + \title qmake Variable Reference + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Reference + \nextpage qmake Function Reference + + \c{qmake}'s fundamental behavior is influenced by variable declarations that + define the build process of each project. Some of these declare resources, + such as headers and source files, that are common to each platform; others + are used to customize the behavior of compilers and linkers on specific + platforms. + + Platform-specific variables follow the naming pattern of the + variables which they extend or modify, but include the name of the relevant + platform in their name. For example, \c QMAKE_LIBS can be used to specify a list + of libraries that a project needs to link against, and \c QMAKE_LIBS_X11 can be + used to extend or override this list. + + \tableofcontents{3} + + \target BLD_INF_RULES + \section1 BLD_INF_RULES + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Generic \c bld.inf file content can be specified with \c BLD_INF_RULES variables. + The section of \c bld.inf file where each rule goes is appended to + \c BLD_INF_RULES with a dot. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 146 + + This will add the specified statements to the \c prj_exports section of the + generated \c bld.inf file. + + It is also possible to add multiple rows in a single block. Each double + quoted string will be placed on a new row in the generated \c bld.inf file. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 143 + + Any rules you define will be added after automatically generated + rules in each section. + + \target CONFIG + \section1 CONFIG + + The \c CONFIG variable specifies project configuration and + compiler options. The values will be recognized internally by + \c qmake and have special meaning. They are as follows. + + These \c CONFIG values control compilation flags: + + \table 95% + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o release \o The project is to be built in release mode. + This is ignored if \c debug is also specified. + \row \o debug \o The project is to be built in debug mode. + \row \o debug_and_release \o The project is built in \e both debug and + release modes. This can have some unexpected side effects (see + below for more information). + \row \o build_all \o If \c debug_and_release is specified, the project is + built in both debug and release modes by default. + \row \o ordered \o When using the \c subdirs template, this option + specifies that the directories listed should be processed in the + order in which they are given. + \row \o precompile_header \o Enables support for the use of + \l{Using Precompiled Headers}{precompiled headers} in projects. + \row \o warn_on \o The compiler should output as many warnings as possible. + This is ignored if \c warn_off is specified. + \row \o warn_off \o The compiler should output as few warnings as possible. + \omit + \row \o qt_debug \o Specifies that the project should be built against + debug versions of the Qt libraries specified using the + \l{#QT}{QT} variable. + \row \o qt_release \o Specifies that the project should be built against + release versions of the Qt libraries specified using the + \l{#QT}{QT} variable. + \endomit + \endtable + + Since the \c debug option overrides the \c release option when both are + defined in the \c CONFIG variable, it is necessary to use the + \c debug_and_release option if you want to allow both debug and release + versions of a project to be built. In such a case, the Makefile that + \c qmake generates includes a rule that builds both versions, and this can + be invoked in the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 24 + + When linking a library, \c qmake relies on the underlying platform to know + what other libraries this library links against. However, if linking + statically, \c qmake will not get this information unless we use the following + \c CONFIG options: + + \table 95% + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o create_prl \o This option enables \c qmake to track these + dependencies. When this option is enabled, \c qmake will create a file + ending in \c .prl which will save meta-information about the library + (see \l{LibDepend}{Library Dependencies} for more info). + \row \o link_prl \o When this is enabled, \c qmake will process all + libraries linked to by the application and find their meta-information + (see \l{LibDepend}{Library Dependencies} for more info). + \endtable + + Please note that \c create_prl is required when \e {building} a + static library, while \c link_prl is required when \e {using} a + static library. + + On Windows (or if Qt is configured with \c{-debug_and_release}, adding the + \c build_all option to the \c CONFIG variable makes this rule the default + when building the project, and installation targets will be created for + both debug and release builds. + + Additionally, adding \c debug_and_release to the \c CONFIG variable will + cause both \c debug and \c release to be defined in the contents of + \c CONFIG. When the project file is processed, the + \l{qmake Advanced Usage#Scopes}{scopes} that test for each value will be + processed for \e both debug and release modes. The \c{build_pass} variable + will be set for each of these mode, and you can test for this to perform + build-specific tasks. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 25 + + As a result, it may be useful to define mode-specific variables, such as + \l{#QMAKE_LFLAGS_RELEASE}{QMAKE_LFLAGS_RELEASE}, instead of general + variables, such as \l{#QMAKE_LFLAGS}{QMAKE_LFLAGS}, where possible. + + The following options define the application/library type: + + \table 95% + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o qt \o The target is a Qt application/library and requires the Qt + library and header files. The proper include and library paths for the + Qt library will automatically be added to the project. This is defined + by default, and can be fine-tuned with the \c{\l{#qt}{QT}} variable. + \row \o thread \o The target is a multi-threaded application or library. The + proper defines and compiler flags will automatically be added to + the project. + \row \o x11 \o The target is a X11 application or library. The proper + include paths and libraries will automatically be added to the + project. + \row \o windows \o The target is a Win32 window application (app only). The + proper include paths, compiler flags and libraries will + automatically be added to the project. + \row \o console \o The target is a Win32 console application (app only). The + proper include paths, compiler flags and libraries will + automatically be added to the + project. + \row \o shared \o{1,3} The target is a shared object/DLL. The proper + include paths, compiler flags and libraries will automatically be + added to the project. + \row \o dll \o + \row \o dylib \o + \row \o static \o{1,2} The target is a static library (lib only). The proper + compiler flags will automatically be added to the project. + \row \o staticlib \o + \row \o plugin \o The target is a plugin (lib only). This enables dll as well. + \row \o designer \o The target is a plugin for \QD. + \row \o uic3 \o Configures qmake to run uic3 on the content of \c FORMS3 if + defined; otherwise the contents of \c FORMS will be processed instead. + \row \o no_lflags_merge \o Ensures that the list of libraries stored in the + \c LIBS variable is not reduced to a list of unique values before it is used. + \row \o resources \o Configures qmake to run rcc on the content of \c RESOURCES + if defined. + \endtable + + These options are used to set the compiler flags: + + \table 95% + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o 3dnow \o AMD 3DNow! instruction support is enabled. + \row \o exceptions \o Exception support is enabled. + \row \o mmx \o Intel MMX instruction support is enabled. + \row \o rtti \o RTTI support is enabled. + \row \o stl \o STL support is enabled. + \row \o sse \o SSE support is enabled. + \row \o sse2 \o SSE2 support is enabled. + \endtable + + These options define specific features on Windows only: + + \table 95% + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o flat \o When using the vcapp template this will put all the source + files into the source group and the header files into the header group + regardless of what directory they reside in. Turning this + option off will group the files within the source/header group depending + on the directory they reside. This is turned on by default. + \row \o embed_manifest_dll \o Embeds a manifest file in the DLL created + as part of a library project. + \row \o embed_manifest_exe \o Embeds a manifest file in the DLL created + as part of an application project. + \row \o incremental \o Used to enable or disable incremental linking in Visual + C++, depending on whether this feature is enabled or disabled by default. + \endtable + + See \l{qmake Platform Notes#Visual Studio 2005 Manifest Files}{qmake Platform Notes} + for more information on the options for embedding manifest files. + + These options only have an effect on Mac OS X: + + \table 95% + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o ppc \o Builds a PowerPC binary. + \row \o x86 \o Builds an i386 compatible binary. + \row \o app_bundle \o Puts the executable into a bundle (this is the default). + \row \o lib_bundle \o Puts the library into a library bundle. + \endtable + + The build process for bundles is also influenced by + the contents of the \l{#QMAKE_BUNDLE_DATA}{QMAKE_BUNDLE_DATA} variable. + + These options only have an effect on Symbian: + + \table 95% + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o stdbinary \o Builds an Open C binary (i.e. STDDLL, STDEXE, or STDLIB, + depending on the target binary type.) + \row \o no_icon \o Doesn't generate resources needed for displaying an icon + for executable in application menu (app only). + \row \o symbian_test \o Places mmp files and extension makefiles under + test sections in generated bld.inf instead of their regular sections. + Note that this only affects automatically generated bld.inf content; + the content added via \c BLD_INF_RULES variable is not affected. + \endtable + + These options have an effect on Linux/Unix platforms: + + \table 95% + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o largefile \o Includes support for large files. + \row \o separate_debug_info \o Puts debugging information for libraries in + separate files. + \endtable + + The \c CONFIG variable will also be checked when resolving scopes. You may + assign anything to this variable. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 26 + + \target DEFINES + \section1 DEFINES + + \c qmake adds the values of this variable as compiler C + preprocessor macros (-D option). + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 27 + + \target DEF_FILE + \section1 DEF_FILE + + \e {This is only used on Windows when using the \c app template}. + + Specifies a \c .def file to be included in the project. + + \target DEPENDPATH + \section1 DEPENDPATH + + This variable contains the list of all directories to look in to + resolve dependencies. This will be used when crawling through + \c included files. + + \target DEPLOYMENT + \section1 DEPLOYMENT + + \e {This is only used on Windows CE and Symbian.} + + Specifies which additional files will be deployed. Deployment means the + transfer of files from the development system to the target device or + emulator. + + Files can be deployed by either creating a Visual Studio project or using + the \l {Using QTestLib remotely on Windows CE}{cetest} executable. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 28 + + This will upload all PNG images in \c path to the same directory your + build target will be deployed to. + + The default deployment target path for Windows CE is + \c{%CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES%\target}, which usually gets expanded to + \c{\Program Files\target}. For Symbian, the default target is the application + private directory on the drive it is installed to. + + It is also possible to specify multiple \c sources to be deployed on + target \c paths. In addition, different variables can be used for + deployment to different directories. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 29 + + \note In Windows CE all linked Qt libraries will be deployed to the path + specified by \c{myFiles.path}. In Symbian all libraries and executables + will always be deployed to the \\sys\\bin of the installation drive. + + Since the Symbian build system automatically moves binaries to certain + directories under the epoc32 directory, custom plugins, executables or + dynamically loadable libraries need special handling. When deploying + extra executables or dynamically loadable libraries, the target path + must specify \\sys\\bin. For plugins, the target path must specify the + location where the plugin stub will be deployed to (see the + \l{How to Create Qt Plugins} document for more information about plugins). + If the binary cannot be found from the indicated source path, + the directory Symbian build process moves the executables to is + searched, e.g. \\epoc32\\release\\armv5\\urel. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 128 + + In Symbian, generic PKG file content can also be specified with this + variable. You can use either \c pkg_prerules or \c pkg_postrules to + pass raw data to PKG file. The strings in \c pkg_prerules are added before + package-body and \c pkg_postrules after. The strings defined in + \c pkg_postrules or \c pkg_prerules are not parsed by qmake, so they + should be in a format understood by Symbian package generation tools. + Please consult Symbian documentation for correct syntax. + + For example, to deploy DLL and add a new dependency: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 140 + + Please note that \c pkg_prerules can also replace default statements in + pkg file. If no pkg_prerules is defined, qmake makes sure that PKG file + syntax is correct and it contains all mandatory statements such as: + + \list + \o languages, for example \BR + &EN,FR + \o package-header, for example \BR + #{"MyApp-EN", "MyApp-FR"}, (0x1000001F), 1, 2, 3, TYPE=SA + \o localized and unique vendor, for example \BR + %{"Vendor-EN", ..., "Vendor-FR"} + :"Unique vendor name" + \endlist + + If you decide to override any of these statements, you need to pay + attention that also other statements stay valid. For example if you + override languages statement, you must override also package-header + statement and all other statements which are language specific. + + In Symbian, the \c default_deployment item specifies + default platform dependencies. It can be overwritten if a more + restrictive set is needed - e.g. if a specific + device is required to run the application. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 141 + + \target DEPLOYMENT_PLUGIN + \section1 DEPLOYMENT_PLUGIN + + \e {This is only used on Windows CE and Symbian.} + + This variable specifies the Qt plugins that will be deployed. All plugins + available in Qt can be explicitly deployed to the device. See + \l{Static Plugins}{Static Plugins} for a complete list. + + \note In Windows CE, No plugins will be deployed automatically. + If the application depends on plugins, these plugins have to be specified + manually. + + \note In Symbian, all plugins supported by this variable will be deployed + by default with Qt libraries, so generally using this variable is not + needed. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 142 + + This will upload the jpeg imageformat plugin to the plugins directory + on the Windows CE device. + + \target DESTDIR + \section1 DESTDIR + + Specifies where to put the \l{#TARGET}{target} file. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 30 + + \target DESTDIR_TARGET + \section1 DESTDIR_TARGET + + This variable is set internally by \c qmake, which is basically the + \c DESTDIR variable with the \c TARGET variable appened at the end. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target DLLDESTDIR + \section1 DLLDESTDIR + + Specifies where to copy the \l{#TARGET}{target} dll. + + \target DISTFILES + \section1 DISTFILES + + This variable contains a list of files to be included in the dist + target. This feature is supported by UnixMake specs only. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 31 + + \target DSP_TEMPLATE + \section1 DSP_TEMPLATE + + This variable is set internally by \c qmake, which specifies where the + dsp template file for basing generated dsp files is stored. The value + of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target FORMS + \section1 FORMS + + This variable specifies the UI files (see \link + designer-manual.html Qt Designer \endlink) to be processed through \c uic + before compiling. All dependencies, headers and source files required + to build these UI files will automatically be added to the project. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 32 + + If FORMS3 is defined in your project, then this variable must contain + forms for uic, and not uic3. If CONFIG contains uic3, and FORMS3 is not + defined, the this variable must contain only uic3 type forms. + + \target FORMS3 + \section1 FORMS3 + + This variable specifies the old style UI files to be processed + through \c uic3 before compiling, when \c CONFIG contains uic3. + All dependencies, headers and source files required to build these + UI files will automatically be added to the project. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 33 + + \target GUID + \section1 GUID + + Specifies the GUID that is set inside a \c{.vcproj} file. The GUID is + usually randomly determined. However, should you require a fixed GUID, + it can be set using this variable. + + This variable is specific to \c{.vcproj} files only; it is ignored + otherwise. + + \target HEADERS + \section1 HEADERS + + Defines the header files for the project. + + \c qmake will generate dependency information (unless \c -nodepend + is specified on the \l{Running qmake#Commands}{command line}) + for the specified headers. \c qmake will also automatically detect if + \c moc is required by the classes in these headers, and add the + appropriate dependencies and files to the project for generating and + linking the moc files. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 34 + + See also \l{#SOURCES}{SOURCES}. + + \target ICON + \section1 ICON + + This variable is used only in MAC and S60 to set the application icon. + Please see \l{Setting the Application Icon}{the application icon documentation} + for more information. + + \target INCLUDEPATH + \section1 INCLUDEPATH + + This variable specifies the #include directories which should be + searched when compiling the project. Use ';' or a space as the + directory separator. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 35 + + To specify a path containing spaces, quote the path using the technique + mentioned in the \l{qmake Project Files#Whitespace}{qmake Project Files} + document. For example, paths with spaces can be specified on Windows + and Unix platforms by using the \l{qmake Function Reference#quote-string}{quote()} + function in the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/spaces.pro quoting include paths with spaces + + \target INSTALLS + \section1 INSTALLS + + This variable contains a list of resources that will be installed when + \c{make install} or a similar installation procedure is executed. Each + item in the list is typically defined with attributes that provide + information about where it will be installed. + + For example, the following \c{target.path} definition describes where the + build target will be installed, and the \c INSTALLS assignment adds the + build target to the list of existing resources to be installed: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 36 + + \target LEXIMPLS + \section1 LEXIMPLS + + This variable contains a list of lex implementation files. The value + of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely + needs to be modified. + + \target LEXOBJECTS + \section1 LEXOBJECTS + + This variable contains the names of intermediate lex object + files.The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target LEXSOURCES + \section1 LEXSOURCES + + This variable contains a list of lex source files. All + dependencies, headers and source files will automatically be added to + the project for building these lex files. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 37 + + \target LIBS + \section1 LIBS + + This variable contains a list of libraries to be linked into the project. + You can use the Unix \c -l (library) and -L (library path) flags and qmake + will do the correct thing with these libraries on Windows and Symbian + (namely this means passing the full path of the library to the linker). The + only limitation to this is the library must exist, for qmake to find which + directory a \c -l lib lives in. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 38 + + To specify a path containing spaces, quote the path using the technique + mentioned in the \l{qmake Project Files#Whitespace}{qmake Project Files} + document. For example, paths with spaces can be specified on Windows + and Unix platforms by using the \l{qmake Function Reference#quote-string}{quote()} + function in the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/spaces.pro quoting library paths with spaces + + \bold{Note:} On Windows, specifying libraries with the \c{-l} option, + as in the above example, will cause the library with the highest version + number to be used; for example, \c{libmath2.lib} could potentially be used + instead of \c{libmathlib}. To avoid this ambiguity, we recommend that you + explicitly specify the library to be used by including the \c{.lib} + file name suffix. + + \bold{Note:} On S60, the build system makes a distinction between shared and + static libraries. In most cases, qmake will figure out which library you + are refering to, but in some cases you may have to specify it explicitly to + get the expected behavior. This typically happens if you are building a + library and using it in the same project. To specify that the library is + either shared or static, add a ".dll" or ".lib" suffix, respectively, to the + library name. + + By default, the list of libraries stored in \c LIBS is reduced to a list of + unique names before it is used. To change this behavior, add the + \c no_lflags_merge option to the \c CONFIG variable: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 39 + + \target LITERAL_HASH + \section1 LITERAL_HASH + + This variable is used whenever a literal hash character (\c{#}) is needed in + a variable declaration, perhaps as part of a file name or in a string passed + to some external application. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/comments.pro 1 + + By using \c LITERAL_HASH in this way, the \c # character can be used + to construct a URL for the \c message() function to print to the console. + + \target MAKEFILE + \section1 MAKEFILE + + This variable specifies the name of the Makefile which + \c qmake should use when outputting the dependency information + for building a project. The value of this variable is typically + handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target MAKEFILE_GENERATOR + \section1 MAKEFILE_GENERATOR + + This variable contains the name of the Makefile generator to use + when generating a Makefile. The value of this variable is typically + handled internally by \c qmake and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target MMP_RULES + \section1 MMP_RULES + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Generic MMP file content can be specified with this variable. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 137 + + This will add the specified statement to the end of the generated MMP file. + + It is also possible to add multiple rows in a single block. Each double + quoted string will be placed on a new row in the generated MMP file. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 138 + + If you need to include a hash (\c{#}) character inside the + \c MMP_RULES statement, it can be done with the variable + \c LITERAL_HASH as follows: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 139 + + \note You should not use this variable to add MMP statements that are + explicitly supported by their own variables, such as + \c TARGET.EPOCSTACKSIZE. + Doing so could result in duplicate statements in the MMP file. + + \target MOC_DIR + \section1 MOC_DIR + + This variable specifies the directory where all intermediate moc + files should be placed. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 40 + + \target OBJECTS + \section1 OBJECTS + + This variable is generated from the \link #SOURCES SOURCES + \endlink variable. The extension of each source file will have been + replaced by .o (Unix) or .obj (Win32). The value of this variable is + typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and + rarely needs to be modified. + + \target OBJECTS_DIR + \section1 OBJECTS_DIR + + This variable specifies the directory where all intermediate + objects should be placed. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 41 + + \target OBJMOC + \section1 OBJMOC + + This variable is set by \c qmake if files can be found that + contain the Q_OBJECT macro. \c OBJMOC contains the + name of all intermediate moc object files. The value of this variable + is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \target POST_TARGETDEPS + \section1 POST_TARGETDEPS + + All libraries that the \l{#TARGET}{target} depends on can be + listed in this variable. Some backends do not support this, these include + MSVC Dsp, and ProjectBuilder .pbproj files. Generally this is supported + internally by these build tools, this is useful for explicitly listing + dependant static libraries. + + This list will go after all builtin (and \link #PRE_TARGETDEPS + $$PRE_TARGETDEPS \endlink) dependencies. + + \target PRE_TARGETDEPS + \section1 PRE_TARGETDEPS + + All libraries that the \l{#TARGET}{target} depends on can be + listed in this variable. Some backends do not support this, these include + MSVC Dsp, and ProjectBuilder .pbproj files. Generally this is supported + internally by these build tools, this is useful for explicitly listing + dependant static libraries. + + This list will go before all builtin dependencies. + + \target PRECOMPILED_HEADER + \section1 PRECOMPILED_HEADER + + This variable indicates the header file for creating a precompiled + header file, to increase the compilation speed of a project. + Precompiled headers are currently only supported on some platforms + (Windows - all MSVC project types, Mac OS X - Xcode, Makefile, + Unix - gcc 3.3 and up). + + On other platforms, this variable has different meaning, as noted + below. + + This variable contains a list of header files that require some + sort of pre-compilation step (such as with moc). The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \target PWD + \section1 PWD + + This variable contains the full path leading to the directory where + the \c qmake project file (project.pro) is located. + + \target OUT_PWD + \section1 OUT_PWD + + This variable contains the full path leading to the directory where + \c qmake places the generated Makefile. + + \target QMAKE_systemvariable + \section1 QMAKE + + This variable contains the name of the \c qmake program + itself and is placed in generated Makefiles. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \target QMAKESPEC_systemvariable + \section1 QMAKESPEC + + This variable contains the name of the \c qmake + configuration to use when generating Makefiles. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake and rarely needs to be modified. + + Use the \c{QMAKESPEC} environment variable to override the \c qmake configuration. + Note that, due to the way \c qmake reads project files, setting the \c{QMAKESPEC} + environment variable from within a project file will have no effect. + + \target QMAKE_APP_FLAG + \section1 QMAKE_APP_FLAG + + This variable is empty unless the \c app + \l{#TEMPLATE}{TEMPLATE} is specified. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. Use the following instead: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 42 + + \target QMAKE_APP_OR_DLL + \section1 QMAKE_APP_OR_DLL + + This variable is empty unless the \c app or \c dll + \l{#TEMPLATE}{TEMPLATE} is specified. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \target QMAKE_AR_CMD + \section1 QMAKE_AR_CMD + + \e {This is used on Unix platforms only.} + + This variable contains the command for invoking the program which + creates, modifies and extracts archives. The value of this variable is + typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} + and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_BUNDLE_DATA + \section1 QMAKE_BUNDLE_DATA + + This variable is used to hold the data that will be installed with a library + bundle, and is often used to specify a collection of header files. + + For example, the following lines add \c path/to/header_one.h + and \c path/to/header_two.h to a group containing information about the + headers supplied with the framework: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 43 + + The last line adds the information about the headers to the collection of + resources that will be installed with the library bundle. + + Library bundles are created when the \c lib_bundle option is added to the + \l{#CONFIG}{CONFIG} variable. + + See \l{qmake Platform Notes#Creating Frameworks}{qmake Platform Notes} for + more information about creating library bundles. + + \e{This is used on Mac OS X only.} + + \section1 QMAKE_BUNDLE_EXTENSION + + This variable defines the extension to be used for library bundles. + This allows frameworks to be created with custom extensions instead of the + standard \c{.framework} directory name extension. + + For example, the following definition will result in a framework with the + \c{.myframework} extension: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 44 + + \e{This is used on Mac OS X only.} + + \section1 QMAKE_CC + + This variable specifies the C compiler that will be used when building + projects containing C source code. Only the file name of the compiler + executable needs to be specified as long as it is on a path contained + in the \c PATH variable when the Makefile is processed. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_DEBUG + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_DEBUG + + This variable contains the flags for the C compiler in debug mode.The value of this variable is + typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} + and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_MT + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_MT + + This variable contains the compiler flags for creating a + multi-threaded application or when the version of Qt that you link + against is a multi-threaded statically linked library. The value of + this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_MT_DBG + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_MT_DBG + + This variable contains the compiler flags for creating a debuggable + multi-threaded application or when the version of Qt that you link + against is a debuggable multi-threaded statically linked library. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_MT_DLL + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_MT_DLL + + \e {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains the compiler flags for creating a + multi-threaded dll or when the version of Qt that you link + against is a multi-threaded dll. The value of this variable is typically + handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and + rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_MT_DLLDBG + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_MT_DLLDBG + + \e {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains the compiler flags for creating a debuggable + multi-threaded dll or when the version of Qt that you link + against is a debuggable multi-threaded statically linked library. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE + + This variable contains the compiler flags for creating a non-debuggable + application. The value of this variable is typically + handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and + rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_SHLIB + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_SHLIB + + \e {This is used on Unix platforms only.} + + This variable contains the compiler flags for creating a shared + library. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_THREAD + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_THREAD + + This variable contains the compiler flags for creating a multi-threaded + application. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_WARN_OFF + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_WARN_OFF + + This variable is not empty if the warn_off + \l{#TEMPLATE}{TEMPLATE} option is specified. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} + and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CFLAGS_WARN_ON + \section1 QMAKE_CFLAGS_WARN_ON + + This variable is not empty if the warn_on + \l{#TEMPLATE}{TEMPLATE} option is specified. + The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CLEAN + \section1 QMAKE_CLEAN + + This variable contains any files which are not generated files (such as moc and uic + generated files) and object files that should be removed when using "make clean". + + \section1 QMAKE_CXX + + This variable specifies the C++ compiler that will be used when building + projects containing C++ source code. Only the file name of the compiler + executable needs to be specified as long as it is on a path contained + in the \c PATH variable when the Makefile is processed. + + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags that are used when building + a project. The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. The flags + specific to debug and release modes can be adjusted by modifying + the \c QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_DEBUG and \c QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_RELEASE variables, + respectively. + + \bold{Note:} On S60, this variable can be used to pass architecture specific + options to each compiler in the Symbian build system. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 131 + + For more information, see + \l{qmake Platform Notes#Compiler specific options}{qmake Platform Notes}. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_DEBUG + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_DEBUG + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for creating a debuggable + application. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_MT + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_MT + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for creating a multi-threaded + application. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_MT_DBG + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_MT_DBG + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for creating a debuggable multi-threaded + application. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_MT_DLL + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_MT_DLL + + \c {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for creating a multi-threaded + dll. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_MT_DLLDBG + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_MT_DLLDBG + + \c {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for creating a multi-threaded debuggable + dll. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_RELEASE + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_RELEASE + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for creating an + application. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_SHLIB + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_SHLIB + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for creating a + shared library. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_THREAD + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_THREAD + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for creating a + multi-threaded application. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs + to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_WARN_OFF + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_WARN_OFF + + This variable contains the C++ compiler flags for suppressing compiler warnings. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_WARN_ON + \section1 QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_WARN_ON + + This variable contains C++ compiler flags for generating compiler warnings. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_DISTCLEAN + \section1 QMAKE_DISTCLEAN + + This variable removes extra files upon the invocation of \c{make distclean}. + + \target QMAKE_EXTENSION_SHLIB + \section1 QMAKE_EXTENSION_SHLIB + + This variable contains the extention for shared libraries. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} + and rarely needs to be modified. + + Note that platform-specific variables that change the extension will override + the contents of this variable. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXT_MOC + + This variable changes the extention used on included moc files. + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Extensions}{File Extensions}. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXT_UI + + This variable changes the extention used on /e Designer UI files. + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Extensions}{File Extensions}. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXT_PRL + + This variable changes the extention used on created PRL files. + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Extensions}{File Extensions}, + \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#libdepend}{Library Dependencies}. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXT_LEX + + This variable changes the extention used on files given to lex. + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Extensions}{File Extensions}, + \l{#LEXSOURCES}{LEXSOURCES}. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXT_YACC + This variable changes the extention used on files given to yacc. + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Extensions}{File Extensions}, + \l{#YACCSOURCES}{YACCSOURCES}. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXT_OBJ + + This variable changes the extention used on generated object files. + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Extensions}{File Extensions}. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXT_CPP + + This variable changes the interpretation of all suffixes in this + list of values as files of type C++ source code. + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Extensions}{File Extensions}. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXT_H + + This variable changes the interpretation of all suffixes in this + list of values as files of type C header files. + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Extensions}{File Extensions}. + + \section1 QMAKE_EXTRA_COMPILERS + + This variable contains the extra compilers/preprocessors that have been added + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Customizing}{Customizing Makefile Output} + + \section1 QMAKE_EXTRA_TARGETS + + This variable contains the extra targets that have been added + + See also \l{Configuring qmake's Environment#Customizing}{Customizing Makefile Output} + + \target QMAKE_FAILED_REQUIREMENTS + \section1 QMAKE_FAILED_REQUIREMENTS + + This variable contains the list of requirements that were failed to be met when + \c qmake was used. For example, the sql module is needed and wasn't compiled into Qt. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} + and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_FILETAGS + \section1 QMAKE_FILETAGS + + This variable contains the file tags needed to be entered into the Makefile, such as SOURCES + and HEADERS. The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_FRAMEWORK_BUNDLE_NAME + + In a framework project, this variable contains the name to be used for the + framework that is built. + + By default, this variable contains the same value as the \l{#TARGET}{TARGET} + variable. + + See \l{qmake Platform Notes#Creating Frameworks}{qmake Platform Notes} for + more information about creating frameworks and library bundles. + + \e{This is used on Mac OS X only.} + + \target QMAKE_FRAMEWORK_VERSION + \section1 QMAKE_FRAMEWORK_VERSION + + For projects where the build target is a Mac OS X framework, this variable + is used to specify the version number that will be applied to the framework + that is built. + + By default, this variable contains the same value as the \l{#VERSION}{VERSION} + variable. + + See \l{qmake Platform Notes#Creating Frameworks}{qmake Platform Notes} for + more information about creating frameworks. + + \e{This is used on Mac OS X only.} + + \target QMAKE_INCDIR + \section1 QMAKE_INCDIR + + This variable contains the location of all known header files to be added to + INCLUDEPATH when building an application. The value of this variable is + typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely + needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_INCDIR_EGL + \section1 QMAKE_INCDIR_EGL + + This variable contains the location of EGL header files to be added + to INCLUDEPATH when building an application with OpenGL/ES or + OpenVG support. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENGL + \section1 QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENGL + + This variable contains the location of OpenGL header files to be added + to INCLUDEPATH when building an application with OpenGL support. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + If the OpenGL implementation uses EGL (most OpenGL/ES systems), + then QMAKE_INCDIR_EGL may also need to be set. + + \target QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENVG + \section1 QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENVG + + This variable contains the location of OpenVG header files to be added + to INCLUDEPATH when building an application with OpenVG support. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + If the OpenVG implementation uses EGL then QMAKE_INCDIR_EGL may also + need to be set. + + \target QMAKE_INCDIR_QT + \section1 QMAKE_INCDIR_QT + + This variable contains the location of all known header file + paths to be added to INCLUDEPATH when building a Qt application. The value + of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_INCDIR_THREAD + \section1 QMAKE_INCDIR_THREAD + + This variable contains the location of all known header file + paths to be added to INCLUDEPATH when building a multi-threaded application. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_INCDIR_X11 + \section1 QMAKE_INCDIR_X11 + + \e {This is used on Unix platforms only.} + + This variable contains the location of X11 header file paths to be + added to INCLUDEPATH when building a X11 application. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target QMAKE_INFO_PLIST + \section1 QMAKE_INFO_PLIST + + \e {This is used on Mac OS X platforms only.} + + This variable contains the name of the property list file, \c{.plist}, you + would like to include in your Mac OS X application bundle. + + In the \c{.plist} file, you can define some variables, e.g., @EXECUTABLE@, + which qmake will replace with the actual executable name. Other variables + include @ICON@, @TYPEINFO@, @LIBRARY@, and @SHORT_VERSION@. + + \note Most of the time, the default \c{Info.plist} is good enough. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS + + This variable contains a general set of flags that are passed to + the linker. If you need to change the flags used for a particular + platform or type of project, use one of the specialized variables + for that purpose instead of this variable. + + \target QMAKE_LFLAGS_CONSOLE + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_CONSOLE + + \e {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains link flags when building console + programs. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_CONSOLE_DLL + + \e {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains link flags when building console + dlls. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_DEBUG + + This variable contains link flags when building debuggable applications. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_PLUGIN + + This variable contains link flags when building plugins. The value + of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_QT_DLL + + This variable contains link flags when building programs that + use the Qt library built as a dll. The value of this variable is + typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_RELEASE + + This variable contains link flags when building applications for + release. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_SHAPP + + This variable contains link flags when building applications which are using + the \c app template. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_SHLIB + + This variable contains link flags when building shared libraries + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_SONAME + + This variable specifies the link flags to set the name of shared objects, + such as .so or .dll. The value of this variable is typically handled by \c + qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_THREAD + + This variable contains link flags when building multi-threaded projects. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_WINDOWS + + \e {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains link flags when building Windows GUI projects + (i.e. non-console applications). + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LFLAGS_WINDOWS_DLL + + \e {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains link flags when building Windows DLL projects. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBDIR + + This variable contains the location of all known library + directories.The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBDIR_FLAGS + + \e {This is used on Unix platforms only.} + + This variable contains the location of all library + directory with -L prefixed. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBDIR_EGL + + This variable contains the location of the EGL library + directory, when EGL is used with OpenGL/ES or OpenVG. The value + of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENGL + + This variable contains the location of the OpenGL library + directory.The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + If the OpenGL implementation uses EGL (most OpenGL/ES systems), + then QMAKE_LIBDIR_EGL may also need to be set. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENVG + + This variable contains the location of the OpenVG library + directory. The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + If the OpenVG implementation uses EGL, then QMAKE_LIBDIR_EGL + may also need to be set. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBDIR_QT + + This variable contains the location of the Qt library + directory.The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBDIR_X11 + + \e {This is used on Unix platforms only.} + + This variable contains the location of the X11 library + directory.The value of this variable is typically handled by + \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS + + This variable contains all project libraries. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_CONSOLE + + \e {This Windows-specific variable is no longer used.} + + Prior to Qt 4.2, this variable was used to list the libraries + that should be linked against when building a console application + project on Windows. \l{#QMAKE_LIBS_WINDOW}{QMAKE_LIBS_WINDOW} + should now be used instead. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_EGL + + This variable contains all EGL libraries when building Qt with + OpenGL/ES or OpenVG. The value of this variable is typically + handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely + needs to be modified. The usual value is \c{-lEGL}. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_OPENGL + + This variable contains all OpenGL libraries. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + If the OpenGL implementation uses EGL (most OpenGL/ES systems), + then QMAKE_LIBS_EGL may also need to be set. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_OPENGL_QT + + This variable contains all OpenGL Qt libraries.The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_OPENVG + + This variable contains all OpenVG libraries. The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} + and rarely needs to be modified. The usual value is \c{-lOpenVG}. + + Some OpenVG engines are implemented on top of OpenGL. This will + be detected at configure time and QMAKE_LIBS_OPENGL will be implicitly + added to QMAKE_LIBS_OPENVG wherever the OpenVG libraries are linked. + + If the OpenVG implementation uses EGL, then QMAKE_LIBS_EGL may also + need to be set. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_QT + + This variable contains all Qt libraries.The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_QT_DLL + + \e {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains all Qt libraries when Qt is built as a dll. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_QT_OPENGL + + This variable contains all the libraries needed to link against if + OpenGL support is turned on. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_QT_THREAD + + This variable contains all the libraries needed to link against if + thread support is turned on. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_RT + + \e {This is used with Borland compilers only.} + + This variable contains the runtime library needed to link against when + building an application. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_RTMT + + \e {This is used with Borland compilers only.} + + This variable contains the runtime library needed to link against when + building a multi-threaded application. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_THREAD + + \e {This is used on Unix platforms only.} + + This variable contains all libraries that need to be linked against + when building a multi-threaded application. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_WINDOWS + + \e {This is used on Windows only.} + + This variable contains all windows libraries.The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_X11 + + \e {This is used on Unix platforms only.} + + This variable contains all X11 libraries.The value of this + variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIBS_X11SM + + \e {This is used on Unix platforms only.} + + This variable contains all X11 session management libraries. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LIB_FLAG + + This variable is not empty if the \c lib template is specified. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_LINK_SHLIB_CMD + + This variable contains the command to execute when creating a + shared library. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_POST_LINK + + This variable contains the command to execute after linking the TARGET + together. This variable is normally empty and therefore nothing is + executed, additionally some backends will not support this - mostly only + Makefile backends. + + \section1 QMAKE_PRE_LINK + + This variable contains the command to execute before linking the TARGET + together. This variable is normally empty and therefore nothing is + executed, additionally some backends will not support this - mostly only + Makefile backends. + + \section1 QMAKE_LN_SHLIB + + This variable contains the command to execute when creating a link + to a shared library. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_MAC_SDK + + This variable is used on Mac OS X when building universal binaries. + This process is described in more detail in the + \l{Deploying an Application on Mac OS X#Architecture Dependencies}{Deploying + an Application on Mac OS X} document. + + \section1 QMAKE_MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET + This variable only has an effect when building on Mac OS X. On that + platform, the variable will be forwarded to the MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET + environment variable, which is interpreted by the compiler or linker. + For more information, see the + \l{Deploying an Application on Mac OS X#Mac OS X Version Dependencies}{Deploying + an Application on Mac OS X} document. + + \section1 QMAKE_MAKEFILE + + This variable contains the name of the Makefile to create. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_MOC_SRC + + This variable contains the names of all moc source files to + generate and include in the project. The value of this variable is + typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_QMAKE + + This variable contains the location of qmake if it is not in the path. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_QT_DLL + + This variable is not empty if Qt was built as a dll. The + value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_RESOURCE_FLAGS + + This variable is used to customize the list of options passed to the + \l{rcc}{Resource Compiler} in each of the build rules where it is used. + For example, the following line ensures that the \c{-threshold} and + \c{-compress} options are used with particular values each time that + \c rcc is invoked: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 45 + + \section1 QMAKE_RUN_CC + + This variable specifies the individual rule needed to build an object. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_RUN_CC_IMP + + This variable specifies the individual rule needed to build an object. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_RUN_CXX + + This variable specifies the individual rule needed to build an object. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_RUN_CXX_IMP + + This variable specifies the individual rule needed to build an object. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_TARGET + + This variable contains the name of the project target. The value of + this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 QMAKE_UIC + + This variable contains the location of uic if it is not in the path. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + It can be used to specify arguments to uic as well, such as additional plugin + paths. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 46 + + \section1 QT + + The values stored in the \c QT variable control which of the Qt modules are + used by your project. + + The table below shows the options that can be used with the \c QT variable + and the features that are associated with each of them: + + \table + \header \o Option \o Features + \row \o core (included by default) \o QtCore module + \row \o gui (included by default) \o QtGui module + \row \o network \o QtNetwork module + \row \o opengl \o QtOpenGL module + \row \o phonon \o Phonon Multimedia Framework + \row \o sql \o QtSql module + \row \o svg \o QtSvg module + \row \o xml \o QtXml module + \row \o webkit \o WebKit integration + \row \o qt3support \o Qt3Support module + \endtable + + By default, \c QT contains both \c core and \c gui, ensuring that standard + GUI applications can be built without further configuration. + + If you want to build a project \e without the QtGui module, you need to + exclude the \c gui value with the "-=" operator; the following line will + result in a minimal Qt project being built: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 47 + + Note that adding the \c opengl option to the \c QT variable automatically + causes the equivalent option to be added to the \c CONFIG variable. + Therefore, for Qt applications, it is not necessary to add the \c opengl + option to both \c CONFIG and \c{QT}. + + \section1 QTPLUGIN + + This variable contains a list of names of static plugins that are to be + compiled with an application so that they are available as built-in + resources. + + \target QT_VERSION + \section1 QT_VERSION + + This variable contains the current version of Qt. + + \target QT_MAJOR_VERSION + \section1 QT_MAJOR_VERSION + + This variable contains the current major version of Qt. + + \target QT_MINOR_VERSION + \section1 QT_MINOR_VERSION + + This variable contains the current minor version of Qt. + + \target QT_PATCH_VERSION + \section1 QT_PATCH_VERSION + + This variable contains the current patch version of Qt. + + \section1 RC_FILE + + This variable contains the name of the resource file for the application. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target RCC_DIR + \section1 RCC_DIR + + This variable specifies the directory where all intermediate + resource files should be placed. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 48 + + \target REQUIRES + \section1 REQUIRES + + This is a special variable processed by \c qmake. If the + contents of this variable do not appear in CONFIG by the time this + variable is assigned, then a minimal Makefile will be generated that + states what dependencies (the values assigned to REQUIRES) are + missing. + + This is mainly used in Qt's build system for building the examples. + + \section1 RESOURCES + + This variable contains the name of the resource collection file (qrc) + for the application. Further information about the resource collection + file can be found at \l{The Qt Resource System}. + + \section1 RES_FILE + + This variable contains the name of the resource file for the application. + The value of this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target RSS_RULES + \section1 RSS_RULES + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Generic RSS file content can be specified with this variable. The syntax is + similar to \c MMP_RULES and \c BLD_INF_RULES. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 144 + + This will add the specified statement to the end of the generated + registration resource file. As an impact of this statement, the application + will not be visible in application shell. + + It is also possible to add multiple rows in a single block. Each double + quoted string will be placed on a new row in the registration resource file. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 145 + + This example will install the application to MyFolder in S60 application + shell. In addition it will make the application to be launched in background. + + For detailed list of possible RSS statements, please refer to Symbian OS help. + + \note You should not use \c RSS_RULES variable to set the following RSS statements: + + app_file + localisable_resource_file + localisable_resource_id + + These statements are internally handled by qmake. + + \target S60_VERSION + \section1 S60_VERSION + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Contains the version number of the underlying S60 SDK; e.g. "5.0". + + \target SIGNATURE_FILE + \section1 SIGNATURE_FILE + + \e {This is only used on Windows CE.} + + Specifies which signature file should be used to sign the project target. + + \note This variable will overwrite the setting you have specified in configure, + with the \c -signature option. + + \target SOURCES + \section1 SOURCES + + This variable contains the name of all source files in the project. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 49 + + See also \l{#HEADERS}{HEADERS} + + \section1 SRCMOC + + This variable is set by \c qmake if files can be found that + contain the Q_OBJECT macro. \c SRCMOC contains the + name of all the generated moc files. The value of this variable + is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \target SUBDIRS + \section1 SUBDIRS + + This variable, when used with the \l{#TEMPLATE}{\c subdirs template} + contains the names of all subdirectories that contain parts of the project + that need be built. Each subdirectory must contain its own project file. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 50 + + It is essential that the project file in each subdirectory has the same + name as the subdirectory itself, so that \c qmake can find it. + For example, if the subdirectory is called \c myapp then the project file + in that directory should be called \c myapp.pro. + + If you need to ensure that the subdirectories are built in the order in + which they are specified, update the \l{#CONFIG}{CONFIG} variable to + include the \c ordered option: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 51 + + \target TARGET + \section1 TARGET + + This specifies the name of the target file. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 52 + + The project file above would produce an executable named \c myapp on + unix and 'myapp.exe' on windows. + + \target TARGET.CAPABILITY + \section1 TARGET.CAPABILITY + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Specifies which platform capabilities the application should have. For more + information, please refer to the S60 SDK documentation. + + \target TARGET.EPOCALLOWDLLDATA + \section1 TARGET.EPOCALLOWDLLDATA + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Specifies whether static data should be allowed in the application. Symbian + disallows this by default in order to save memory. To use it, set this to 1. + + \target TARGET.EPOCHEAPSIZE + \section1 TARGET.EPOCHEAPSIZE + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Specifies the minimum and maximum heap size of the application. The program + will refuse to run if the minimum size is not available when it starts. For + example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 135 + + \target TARGET.EPOCSTACKSIZE + \section1 TARGET.EPOCSTACKSIZE + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Specifies the maximum stack size of the application. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 136 + + \target TARGET.SID + \section1 TARGET.SID + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Specifies which secure identifier to use for the target application or + library. For more information, see the S60 SDK documentation. + + \target TARGET.UID2 + \section1 TARGET.UID2 + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Specifies which unique identifier 2 to use for the target application or + library. If this variable is not specified, it defaults to the same value + as TARGET.UID3. For more information, see the S60 SDK documentation. + + \target TARGET.UID3 + \section1 TARGET.UID3 + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Specifies which unique identifier 3 to use for the target application or + library. If this variable is not specified, a UID3 suitable for development + and debugging will be generated automatically. However, applications being + released should always define this variable. For more information, see the + S60 SDK documentation. + + \target TARGET.VID + \section1 TARGET.VID + + \e {This is only used on Symbian.} + + Specifies which vendor identifier to use for the target application or + library. For more information, see the S60 SDK documentation. + + \section1 TARGET_EXT + + This variable specifies the target's extension. The value of this variable + is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \section1 TARGET_x + + This variable specifies the target's extension with a major version number. The value of this variable + is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \section1 TARGET_x.y.z + + This variable specifies the target's extension with version number. The value of this variable + is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \target TEMPLATE + \section1 TEMPLATE + + This variable contains the name of the template to use when + generating the project. The allowed values are: + + \table + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o app \o Creates a Makefile for building applications (the default). (See + \l{qmake Common Projects#Application}{qmake Common Projects} for more information.) + \row \o lib \o Creates a Makefile for building libraries. (See + \l{qmake Common Projects#Library}{qmake Common Projects} for more information.) + \row \o subdirs \o Creates a Makefile for building targets in subdirectories. + The subdirectories are specified using the \l{#SUBDIRS}{SUBDIRS} + variable. + \row \o vcapp \o \e {Windows only} Creates an application project for Visual Studio. + (See \l{qmake Platform Notes#Creating Visual Studio Project Files}{qmake Platform Notes} + for more information.) + \row \o vclib \o \e {Windows only} Creates a library project for Visual Studio. + (See \l{qmake Platform Notes#Creating Visual Studio Project Files}{qmake Platform Notes} + for more information.) + \endtable + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 53 + + The template can be overridden by specifying a new template type with the + \c -t command line option. This overrides the template type \e after the .pro + file has been processed. With .pro files that use the template type to + determine how the project is built, it is necessary to declare TEMPLATE on + the command line rather than use the \c -t option. + + \section1 TRANSLATIONS + + This variable contains a list of translation (.ts) files that contain + translations of the user interface text into non-native languages. + + See the \l{Qt Linguist Manual} for more information about + internationalization (i18n) and localization (l10n) with Qt. + + \section1 UICIMPLS + + This variable contains a list of the generated implementation files by UIC. + The value of this variable + is typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be + modified. + + \section1 UICOBJECTS + + This variable is generated from the UICIMPLS variable. The extension of each + file will have been replaced by .o (Unix) or .obj (Win32). The value of this variable is + typically handled by \c qmake or \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and + rarely needs to be modified. + + \target UI_DIR + \section1 UI_DIR + + This variable specifies the directory where all intermediate files from uic + should be placed. This variable overrides both UI_SOURCES_DIR and + UI_HEADERS_DIR. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 54 + + \target UI_HEADERS_DIR + \section1 UI_HEADERS_DIR + + This variable specifies the directory where all declaration files (as + generated by uic) should be placed. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 55 + + \target UI_SOURCES_DIR + \section1 UI_SOURCES_DIR + + This variable specifies the directory where all implementation files (as generated + by uic) should be placed. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 56 + + \target VERSION + \section1 VERSION + + This variable contains the version number of the application or library if + either the \c app \l{#TEMPLATE}{TEMPLATE} or the \c lib \l{#TEMPLATE}{TEMPLATE} + is specified. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 57 + + \section1 VER_MAJ + + This variable contains the major version number of the library, if the + \c lib \l{#TEMPLATE}{template} is specified. + + \section1 VER_MIN + + This variable contains the minor version number of the library, if the + \c lib \l{#TEMPLATE}{template} is specified. + + \section1 VER_PAT + + This variable contains the patch version number of the library, if the + \c lib \l{#TEMPLATE}{template} is specified. + + \section1 VPATH + + This variable tells \c qmake where to search for files it cannot + open. With this you may tell \c qmake where it may look for things + like SOURCES, and if it finds an entry in SOURCES that cannot be + opened it will look through the entire VPATH list to see if it can + find the file on its own. + + See also \l{#DEPENDPATH}{DEPENDPATH}. + + \section1 YACCIMPLS + + This variable contains a list of yacc source files. The value of + this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \section1 YACCOBJECTS + + This variable contains a list of yacc object files. The value of + this variable is typically handled by \c qmake or + \l{#QMAKESPEC}{qmake.conf} and rarely needs to be modified. + + \target YACCSOURCES + \section1 YACCSOURCES + + This variable contains a list of yacc source files to be included + in the project. All dependencies, headers and source files will + automatically be included in the project. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 58 + + \section1 _PRO_FILE_ + + This variable contains the path to the project file in use. + + For example, the following line causes the location of the project + file to be written to the console: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/project_location.pro project file + + \section1 _PRO_FILE_PWD_ + + This variable contains the path to the directory containing the project + file in use. + + For example, the following line causes the location of the directory + containing the project file to be written to the console: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/project_location.pro project file directory +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-function-reference.html + \title qmake Function Reference + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Variable Reference + \nextpage Configuring qmake's Environment + + \c qmake provides built-in functions to allow the contents of + variables to be processed, and to enable tests to be performed + during the configuration process. Functions that process the + contents of variables typically return values that can be assigned + to other variables, and these values are obtained by prefixing + function with the \c $$ operator. Functions that perform tests + are usually used as the conditional parts of scopes; these are + indicated in the function descriptions below. + + \tableofcontents{2} + + \section1 basename(variablename) + + Returns the basename of the file specified. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 59 + + \section1 CONFIG(config) + [Conditional] + + This function can be used to test for variables placed into the + \c CONFIG variable. This is the same as regular old style (tmake) scopes, + but has the added advantage a second parameter can be passed to test for + the active config. As the order of values is important in \c CONFIG + variables (i.e. the last one set will be considered the active config for + mutually exclusive values) a second parameter can be used to specify a set + of values to consider. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 60 + + Because release is considered the active setting (for feature parsing) + it will be the CONFIG used to generate the build file. In the common + case a second parameter is not needed, but for specific mutual + exclusive tests it is invaluable. + + \section1 contains(variablename, value) + [Conditional] + + Succeeds if the variable \e variablename contains the value \e value; + otherwise fails. You can check the return value of this function using + a scope. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 61 + + The contents of the scope are only processed if the \c drivers + variable contains the value, \c network. If this is the case, the + appropriate files are added to the \c SOURCES and \c HEADERS + variables. + + \section1 count(variablename, number) + [Conditional] + + Succeeds if the variable \e variablename contains a list with the + specified \e number of value; otherwise fails. + + This function is used to ensure that declarations inside a scope are + only processed if the variable contains the correct number of values; + for example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/functions.pro 2 + + \section1 dirname(file) + + Returns the directory name part of the specified file. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/dirname.pro 0 + + \section1 error(string) + + This function never returns a value. \c qmake displays the given + \e string to the user, and exits. This function should only be used + for unrecoverable errors. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 62 + + \section1 eval(string) + [Conditional] + + Evaluates the contents of the string using \c qmake's syntax rules + and returns true. + Definitions and assignments can be used in the string to modify the + values of existing variables or create new definitions. + + For example: + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/functions.pro 4 + + Note that quotation marks can be used to delimit the string, and that + the return value can be discarded if it is not needed. + + \section1 exists(filename) + [Conditional] + + Tests whether a file with the given \e filename exists. + If the file exists, the function succeeds; otherwise it fails. + If a regular expression is specified for the filename, this function + succeeds if any file matches the regular expression specified. + + For example: + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 63 + + Note that "/" can be used as a directory separator, regardless of the + platform in use. + + \section1 find(variablename, substr) + + Places all the values in \e variablename that match \e substr. \e + substr may be a regular expression, and will be matched accordingly. + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 64 + + MY_VAR2 will contain '-Lone -Ltwo -Lthree -Lfour -Lfive', and MY_VAR3 will + contains 'three two three'. + + \section1 for(iterate, list) + + This special test function will cause a loop to be started that + iterates over all values in \e list, setting \e iterate to each + value in turn. As a convenience, if \e list is 1..10 then iterate will + iterate over the values 1 through 10. + + The use of an else scope afer a condition line with a for() loop is + disallowed. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 65 + + \section1 include(filename) + [Conditional] + + Includes the contents of the file specified by \e filename into the + current project at the point where it is included. This function + succeeds if \e filename is included; otherwise it fails. The included + file is processed immediately. + + You can check whether the file was included by using this function as + the condition for a scope; for example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 66 + + \section1 infile(filename, var, val) + [Conditional] + + Succeeds if the file \e filename (when parsed by \c qmake itself) + contains the variable \e var with a value of \e val; otherwise fails. + If you do not specify a third argument (\e val), the function will + only test whether \e var has been declared in the file. + + \section1 isEmpty(variablename) + [Conditional] + + Succeeds if the variable \e variablename is empty; otherwise fails. + This is the equivalent of \c{count( variablename, 0 )}. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 67 + + \section1 join(variablename, glue, before, after) + + Joins the value of \e variablename with \c glue. If this value is + non-empty it prefixes the value with \e before and suffix it with \e + after. \e variablename is the only required field, the others default + to empty strings. If you need to encode spaces in \e glue, \e before, or \e + after you must quote them. + + \section1 member(variablename, position) + + Returns the value at the given \e position in the list of items in + \e variablename. + If an item cannot be found at the position specified, an empty string is + returned. \e variablename is the only required field. If not specified, + \c position defaults to 0, causing the first value in the list to be + returned. + + \section1 message(string) + + This function simply writes a message to the console. Unlike the + \c error() function, this function allows processing to continue. + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 68 + + The above line causes "This is a message" to be written to the console. + The use of quotation marks is optional. + + \note By default, messages are written out for each Makefile generated by + qmake for a given project. If you want to ensure that messages only appear + once for each project, test the \c build_pass variable + \l{qmake Advanced Usage}{in conjunction with a scope} to filter out + messages during builds; for example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 69 + + \section1 prompt(question) + + Displays the specified \e question, and returns a value read from stdin. + + \section1 quote(string) + + Converts a whole \e string into a single entity and returns the result. + Newlines, carriage returns, and tabs can be specified in the string + with \\n \\r and \\t. The return value does not contain either single + or double quotation marks unless you explicitly include them yourself, + but will be placed into a single entry (for literal expansion). + + \section1 replace(string, old_string, new_string) + + Replaces each instance of \c old_string with \c new_string in the + contents of the variable supplied as \c string. For example, the + code + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/replace.pro 0 + + prints the message: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 70 + + \section1 sprintf(string, arguments...) + + Replaces %1-%9 with the arguments passed in the comma-separated list + of function \e arguments and returns the processed string. + + \section1 system(command) + [Conditional] + + Executes the given \c command in a secondary shell, and succeeds + if the command returns with a zero exit status; otherwise fails. + You can check the return value of this function using a scope: + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 71 + + Alternatively, you can use this function to obtain stdout and stderr + from the command, and assign it to a variable. For example, you can + use this to interrogate information about the platform: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 72 + + \target unique + \section1 unique(variablename) + + This will return a list of values in variable that are unique (that is + with repetitive entries removed). For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 73 + + \section1 warning(string) + + This function will always succeed, and will display the given + \e string to the user. message() is a synonym for warning(). +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-environment-reference.html + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Function Reference + + \title Configuring qmake's Environment + + \tableofcontents + + \target Properties + \section1 Properties + + \c qmake has a system of persistant information, this allows you to + \c set a variable in qmake once, and each time qmake is invoked this + value can be queried. Use the following to set a property in qmake: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 74 + + The appropriate variable and value should be substituted for + \c VARIABLE and \c VALUE. + + To retrieve this information back from qmake you can do: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 75 + + \note \c{qmake -query} will only list variables that you have + previously set with \c{qmake -set VARIABLE VALUE}. + + This information will be saved into a QSettings object (meaning it + will be stored in different places for different platforms). As + \c VARIABLE is versioned as well, you can set one value in an older + version of \c qmake, and newer versions will retrieve this value. However, + if you set \c VARIABLE for a newer version of \c qmake, the older version + will not use this value. You can however query a specific version of a + variable if you prefix that version of \c qmake to \c VARIABLE, as in + the following example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 76 + + \c qmake also has the notion of \c builtin properties, for example you can + query the installation of Qt for this version of \c qmake with the + \c QT_INSTALL_PREFIX property: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 77 + + These built-in properties cannot have a version prefixed to them as + they are not versioned, and each version of \c qmake will have its own + built-in set of these values. The list below outlines the built-in + properties: + + \list + \o \c QT_INSTALL_PREFIX - Where the version of Qt this qmake is built for resides + \o \c QT_INSTALL_DATA - Where data for this version of Qt resides + \o \c QMAKE_VERSION - The current version of qmake + \endlist + + Finally, these values can be queried in a project file with a special + notation such as: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 78 + + \target QMAKESPEC + \section1 QMAKESPEC + + \c qmake requires a platform and compiler description file which + contains many default values used to generate appropriate Makefiles. + The standard Qt distribution comes with many of these files, located + in the \c mkspecs subdirectory of the Qt installation. + + The \c QMAKESPEC environment variable can contain any of the following: + + \list + \o A complete path to a directory containing a \c{qmake.conf} file. + In this case \c qmake will open the \c{qmake.conf} file from within that + directory. If the file does not exist, \c qmake will exit with an + error. + \o The name of a platform-compiler combination. In this case, \c qmake + will search in the directory specified by the \c mkspecs subdirectory + of the data path specified when Qt was compiled (see + QLibraryInfo::DataPath). + \endlist + + \bold{Note:} The \c QMAKESPEC path will automatically be added to the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#INCLUDEPATH}{INCLUDEPATH} system variable. + + \target INSTALLS + \section1 INSTALLS + + It is common on Unix to also use the build tool to install applications + and libraries; for example, by invoking \c{make install}. For this reason, + \c qmake has the concept of an install set, an object which contains + instructions about the way part of a project is to be installed. + For example, a collection of documentation files can be described in the + following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 79 + + The \c path member informs \c qmake that the files should be installed in + \c /usr/local/program/doc (the path member), and the \c files member + specifies the files that should be copied to the installation directory. + In this case, everything in the \c docs directory will be coped to + \c /usr/local/program/doc. + + Once an install set has been fully described, you can append it to the + install list with a line like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 80 + + \c qmake will ensure that the specified files are copied to the installation + directory. If you require greater control over this process, you can also + provide a definition for the \c extra member of the object. For example, + the following line tells \c qmake to execute a series of commands for this + install set: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 81 + + The \c unix scope + (see \l{qmake Advanced Usage#Scopes and Conditions}{Scopes and Conditions}) + ensures that these particular commands are only executed on Unix platforms. + Appropriate commands for other platforms can be defined using other scope + rules. + + Commands specified in the \c extra member are executed before the instructions + in the other members of the object are performed. + + If you append a built-in install set to the \c INSTALLS variable and do + not specify \c files or \c extra members, \c qmake will decide what needs to + be copied for you. Currently, the only supported built-in install set is + \c target: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 82 + + In the above lines, \c qmake knows what needs to be copied, and will handle + the installation process automatically. + + \target cache + \section1 Cache File + + The cache file is a special file \c qmake reads to find settings not specified + in the \c qmake.conf file, project files, or at the command line. If + \c -nocache is not specified when \c qmake is run, it will try to find a file + called \c{.qmake.cache} in parent directories of the current directory. If + it fails to find this file, it will silently ignore this step of processing. + + If it finds a \c{.qmake.cache} file then it will process this file first before + it processes the project file. + + \target LibDepend + \section1 Library Dependencies + + Often when linking against a library, \c qmake relies on the underlying + platform to know what other libraries this library links against, and + lets the platform pull them in. In many cases, however, this is not + sufficent. For example, when statically linking a library, no other + libraries are linked to, and therefore no dependencies to those + libraries are created. However, an application that later links + against this library will need to know where to find the symbols that + the static library will require. To help with this situation, \c qmake + attempts to follow a library's dependencies where appropriate, but + this behavior must be explicitly enabled by following two steps. + + The first step is to enable dependency tracking in the library itself. + To do this you must tell \c qmake to save information about the library: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 83 + + This is only relevant to the \c lib template, and will be ignored for + all others. When this option is enabled, \c qmake will create a file + ending in .prl which will save some meta-information about the + library. This metafile is just like an ordinary project file, but only + contains internal variable declarations. You are free to view this file + and, if it is deleted, \c qmake will know to recreate it when necessary, + either when the project file is later read, or if a dependent library + (described below) has changed. When installing this library, by + specifying it as a target in an \c INSTALLS declaration, \c qmake will + automatically copy the .prl file to the installation path. + + The second step in this process is to enable reading of this meta + information in the applications that use the static library: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 84 + + When this is enabled, \c qmake will process all libraries linked to + by the application and find their meta-information. \c qmake will use + this to determine the relevant linking information, specifically adding + values to the application project file's list of \c DEFINES as well as + \c LIBS. Once \c qmake has processed this file, it will then look through + the newly introduced libraries in the \c LIBS variable, and find their + dependent .prl files, continuing until all libraries have been resolved. + At this point, the Makefile is created as usual, and the libraries are + linked explicitlyy against the application. + + The internals of the .prl file are left closed so they can easily + change later. They are not designed to be changed by hand, should only + be created by \c qmake, and should not be transferred between operating + systems as they may contain platform-dependent information. + + \target Extensions + \section1 File Extensions + + Under normal circumstances \c qmake will try to use appropriate file extensions + for your platform. However, it is sometimes necessary to override the default + choices for each platform and explicitly define file extensions for \c qmake to use. + This is achieved by redefining certain built-in variables; for example the extension + used for \l moc files can be redefined with the following assignment in a project + file: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 85 + + The following variables can be used to redefine common file extensions recognized + by \c qmake: + + \list + \o QMAKE_EXT_MOC - This modifies the extension placed on included moc files. + \o QMAKE_EXT_UI - This modifies the extension used for designer UI files (usually + in \c FORMS). + \o QMAKE_EXT_PRL - This modifies the extension placed on + \l{#LibDepend}{library dependency files}. + \o QMAKE_EXT_LEX - This changes the suffix used in files (usually in \c LEXSOURCES). + \o QMAKE_EXT_YACC - This changes the suffix used in files (usually in \c YACCSOURCES). + \o QMAKE_EXT_OBJ - This changes the suffix used on generated object files. + \endlist + + All of the above accept just the first value, so you must assign to it just one + value that will be used throughout your project file. There are two variables that + accept a list of values: + + \list + \o QMAKE_EXT_CPP - Causes \c qmake to interpret all files with these suffixes as + C++ source files. + \o QMAKE_EXT_H - Causes \c qmake to interpret all files with these suffixes as + C and C++ header files. + \endlist + + \target Customizing + \section1 Customizing Makefile Output + + \c qmake tries to do everything expected of a cross-platform build tool. + This is often less than ideal when you really need to run special + platform-dependent commands. This can be achieved with specific instructions + to the different \c qmake backends. + + Customization of the Makefile output is performed through an object-style + API as found in other places in \c qmake. Objects are defined automatically + by specifying their members; for example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 86 + + The definitions above define a \c qmake target called \c mytarget, containing + a Makefile target called \c{.buildfile} which in turn is generated with + the \c touch command. Finally, the \c{.depends} member specifies that + \c mytarget depends on \c mytarget2, another target that is defined afterwards. + \c mytarget2 is a dummy target; it is only defined to echo some text to + the console. + + The final step is to instruct \c qmake that this object is a target to be built: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 87 + + This is all you need to do to actually build custom targets. Of course, you may + want to tie one of these targets to the + \l{qmake Variable Reference#TARGET}{qmake build target}. To do this, you simply need to + include your Makefile target in the list of + \l{qmake Variable Reference#PRE_TARGETDEPS}{PRE_TARGETDEPS}. + + The following tables are an overview of the options available to you with the QMAKE_EXTRA_TARGETS + variable. + + \table + \header + \o Member + \o Description + \row + \o commands + \o The commands for generating the custom build target. + \row + \o CONFIG + \o Specific configuration options for the custom build target. See the CONFIG table for details. + \row + \o depends + \o The existing build targets that the custom build target depends on. + \row + \o recurse + \o Specifies which sub-targets should used when creating the rules in the Makefile to call in + the sub-target specific Makefile. This is only used when \c recursive is set in the CONFIG. + \row + \o recurse_target + \o Specifies the target that should be built via the sub-target Makefile for the rule in the Makefile. + This adds something like $(MAKE) -f Makefile.[subtarget] [recurse_target]. This is only used when + \c recursive is set in the CONFIG. + \row + \o target + \o The file being created by the custom build target. + \endtable + + List of members specific to the CONFIG option: + + \table + \header + \o Member + \o Description + \row + \o recursive + \o Indicates that rules should be created in the Makefile and thus call + the relevant target inside the sub-target specific Makefile. This defaults to creating + an entry for each of the sub-targets. + \endtable + + For convenience, there is also a method of customizing projects + for new compilers or preprocessors: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 88 + + With the above definitions, you can use a drop-in replacement for moc if one + is available. The commands is executed on all arguments given to the + \c NEW_HEADERS variable (from the \c input member), and the result is written + to the file defined by the \c output member; this file is added to the + other source files in the project. + Additionally, \c qmake will execute \c depend_command to generate dependency + information, and place this information in the project as well. + + These commands can easily be placed into a cache file, allowing subsequent + project files to add arguments to \c NEW_HEADERS. + + The following tables are an overview of the options available to you with the QMAKE_EXTRA_COMPILERS + variable. + + \table + \header + \o Member + \o Description + \row + \o commands + \o The commands used for for generating the output from the input. + \row + \o CONFIG + \o Specific configuration options for the custom compiler. See the CONFIG table for details. + \row + \o depend_command + \o Specifies a command used to generate the list of dependencies for the output. + \row + \o dependency_type + \o Specifies the type of file the output is, if it is a known type (such as TYPE_C, + TYPE_UI, TYPE_QRC) then it is handled as one of those type of files. + \row + \o depends + \o Specifies the dependencies of the output file. + \row + \o input + \o The variable that contains the files that should be processed with the custom compiler. + \row + \o name + \o A description of what the custom compiler is doing. This is only used in some backends. + \row + \o output + \o The filename that is created from the custom compiler. + \row + \o output_function + \o Specifies a custom qmake function that is used to specify the filename to be created. + \row + \o variable_out + \o The variable that the files created from the output should be added to. + \endtable + + List of members specific to the CONFIG option: + + \table + \header + \o Member + \o Description + \row + \o commands + \o The commands used for for generating the output from the input. + \row + \o CONFIG + \o Specific configuration options for the custom compiler. See the CONFIG table for details. + \row + \o depend_command + \o Specifies a command used to generate the list of dependencies for the output. + \row + \o dependency_type + \o Specifies the type of file the output is, if it is a known type (such as TYPE_C, + TYPE_UI, TYPE_QRC) then it is handled as one of those type of files. + \row + \o depends + \o Specifies the dependencies of the output file. + \row + \o input + \o The variable that contains the files that should be processed with the custom compiler. + \row + \o name + \o A description of what the custom compiler is doing. This is only used in some backends. + \row + \o output + \o The filename that is created from the custom compiler. + \row + \o output_function + \o Specifies a custom qmake function that is used to specify the filename to be created. + \row + \o variables + \o Indicates that the variables specified here are replaced with $(QMAKE_COMP_VARNAME) when refered to + in the pro file as $(VARNAME). + \row + \o variable_out + \o The variable that the files created from the output should be added to. + \endtable + + List of members specific to the CONFIG option: + + \table + \header + \o Member + \o Description + \row + \o combine + \o Indicates that all of the input files are combined into a single output file. + \row + \o target_predeps + \o Indicates that the output should be added to the list of PRE_TARGETDEPS. + \row + \o explicit_dependencies + \o The dependencies for the output only get generated from the depends member and from + nowhere else. + \row + \o no_link + \o Indicates that the output should not be added to the list of objects to be linked in. + \endtable + + \note Symbian specific: Generating objects to be linked in is not supported in Symbian, + so either the \c CONFIG option \c no_link or variable \c variable_out + should always be defined for extra compilers. + +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-advanced-usage.html + \title qmake Advanced Usage + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Platform Notes + \nextpage Using Precompiled Headers + + Many \c qmake project files simply describe the sources and header files used + by the project, using a list of \c{name = value} and \c{name += value} + definitions. \c qmake also provides other operators, functions, and scopes + that can be used to process the information supplied in variable declarations. + These advanced features allow Makefiles to be generated for multiple platforms + from a single project file. + + \tableofcontents + + \section1 Operators + + In many project files, the assignment (\c{=}) and append (\c{+=}) operators can + be used to include all the information about a project. The typical pattern of + use is to assign a list of values to a variable, and append more values + depending on the result of various tests. Since \c qmake defines certain + variables using default values, it is sometimes necessary to use the removal + (\c{-=}) operator to filter out values that are not required. The following + operators can be used to manipulate the contents of variables. + + The \c = operator assigns a value to a variable: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 89 + + The above line sets the \c TARGET variable to \c myapp. This will overwrite any + values previously set for \c TARGET with \c myapp. + + The \c += operator appends a new value to the list of values in a variable: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 90 + + The above line appends \c QT_DLL to the list of pre-processor defines to be put + in the generated Makefile. + + The \c -= operator removes a value from the list of values in a variable: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 91 + + The above line removes \c QT_DLL from the list of pre-processor defines to be + put in the generated Makefile. + + The \c *= operator adds a value to the list of values in a variable, but only + if it is not already present. This prevents values from being included many + times in a variable. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 92 + + In the above line, \c QT_DLL will only be added to the list of pre-processor + defines if it is not already defined. Note that the + \l{qmake Function Reference#unique}{unique()} + function can also be used to ensure that a variables only contains one + instance of each value. + + The \c ~= operator replaces any values that match a regular expression with + the specified value: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 93 + + In the above line, any values in the list that start with \c QT_D or \c QT_T are + replaced with \c QT. + + The \c $$ operator is used to extract the contents of a variable, and can be + used to pass values between variables or supply them to functions: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 94 + + \target Scopes + \section1 Scopes + + Scopes are similar to \c if statements in procedural programming languages. + If a certain condition is true, the declarations inside the scope are processed. + + \section2 Syntax + + Scopes consist of a condition followed by an opening brace on the same line, + a sequence of commands and definitions, and a closing brace on a new line: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/scopes.pro syntax + + The opening brace \e{must be written on the same line as the condition}. + Scopes may be concatenated to include more than one condition; see below + for examples. + + \section2 Scopes and Conditions + + A scope is written as a condition followed by a series of declarations + contained within a pair of braces; for example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/scopes.pro 0 + + The above code will add the \c paintwidget_win.cpp file to the sources listed + in the generated Makefile if \c qmake is used on a Windows platform. + If \c qmake is used on a platform other than Windows, the define will be + ignored. + + The conditions used in a given scope can also be negated to provide an + alternative set of declarations that will be processed only if the + original condition is false. For example, suppose we want to process + something on all platforms \e except for Windows. We can achieve this by + negating the scope like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/scopes.pro 1 + + Scopes can be nested to combine more than one condition. For instance, if + you want to include a particular file for a certain platform only if + debugging is enabled then you write the following: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/scopes.pro 2 + + To save writing many nested scopes, you can nest scopes using the \c : + operator. The nested scopes in the above example can be rewritten in + the following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/scopes.pro 3 + + You may also use the \c : operator to perform single line conditional + assignments; for example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 95 + + The above line adds \c QT_DLL to the \c DEFINES variable only on the + Windows platform. + Generally, the \c : operator behaves like a logical AND operator, joining + together a number of conditions, and requiring all of them to be true. + + There is also the \c | operator to act like a logical OR operator, joining + together a number of conditions, and requiring only one of them to be true. + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/scopes.pro 4 + + You can also provide alternative declarations to those within a scope by + using an \c else scope. Each \c else scope is processed if the conditions + for the preceding scopes are false. + This allows you to write complex tests when combined with other scopes + (separated by the \c : operator as above). For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 96 + + \section2 Configuration and Scopes + + The values stored in the + \l{qmake-project-files.html#GeneralConfiguration}{\c CONFIG variable} + are treated specially by \c qmake. Each of the possible values can be + used as the condition for a scope. For example, the list of values + held by \c CONFIG can be extended with the \c opengl value: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/configscopes.pro 0 + + As a result of this operation, any scopes that test for \c opengl will + be processed. We can use this feature to give the final executable an + appropriate name: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/configscopes.pro 1 + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/configscopes.pro 2 + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/configscopes.pro 3 + + This feature makes it easy to change the configuration for a project + without losing all the custom settings that might be needed for a specific + configuration. In the above code, the declarations in the first scope are + processed, and the final executable will be called \c application-gl. + However, if \c opengl is not specified, the declarations in the second + scope are processed instead, and the final executable will be called + \c application. + + Since it is possible to put your own values on the \c CONFIG + line, this provides you with a convenient way to customize project files + and fine-tune the generated Makefiles. + + \section2 Platform Scope Values + + In addition to the \c win32, \c macx, and \c unix values used in many + scope conditions, various other built-in platform and compiler-specific + values can be tested with scopes. These are based on platform + specifications provided in Qt's \c mkspecs directory. For example, the + following lines from a project file show the current specification in + use and test for the \c linux-g++ specification: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/specifications.pro 0 + + You can test for any other platform-compiler combination as long as a + specification exists for it in the \c mkspecs directory. + + \section1 Variables + + Many of the variables used in project files are special variables that + \c qmake uses when generating Makefiles, such as \c DEFINES, \c SOURCES, + and \c HEADERS. It is possible for you to create variables for your own + use; \c qmake creates new variables with a given name when it encounters + an assignment to that name. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 97 + + There are no restricitions on what you do to your own variables, as \c + qmake will ignore them unless it needs to evaluate them when processing + a scope. + + You can also assign the value of a current variable to another + variable by prefixing $$ to the variable name. For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 98 + + Now the MY_DEFINES variable contains what is in the DEFINES variable at + this point in the project file. This is also equivalent to: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 99 + + The second notation allows you to append the contents of the variable to + another value without separating the two with a space. For example, the + following will ensure that the final executable will be given a name + that includes the project template being used: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 100 + + Variables can be used to store the contents of environment variables. + These can be evaluated at the time that \c qmake is run, or included + in the generated Makefile for evaluation when the project is built. + + To obtain the contents of an environment value when \c qmake is run, + use the \c $$(...) operator: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/environment.pro 0 + + In the above assignment, the value of the \c PWD environment variable + is read when the project file is processed. + + To obtain the contents of an environment value at the time when the + generated Makefile is processed, use the \c $(...) operator: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/environment.pro 1 + + In the above assignment, the value of \c PWD is read immediately + when the project file is processed, but \c $(PWD) is assigned to + \c DESTDIR in the generated Makefile. This makes the build process + more flexible as long as the environment variable is set correctly + when the Makefile is processed. + + The special \c $$[...] operator can be used to access various + configuration options that were set when Qt was built: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/qtconfiguration.pro 0 + + The variables accessible with this operator are typically used to + enable third party plugins and components to be integrated with Qt. + For example, a \QD plugin can be installed alongside \QD's built-in + plugins if the following declaration is made in its project file: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 101 + + \target VariableProcessingFunctions + \section1 Variable Processing Functions + + \c qmake provides a selection of built-in functions to allow the + contents of variables to be processed. These functions process the + arguments supplied to them and return a value, or list of values, as + a result. In order to assign a result to a variable, it is necessary + to use the \c $$ operator with this type of function in the same way + used to assign contents of one variable to another: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/functions.pro 1 + + This type of function should be used on the right-hand side of + assignments (i.e, as an operand). + + It is possible to define your own functions for processing the + contents of variables. These functions can be defined in the following + way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 102 + + The following example function takes a variable name as its only + argument, extracts a list of values from the variable with the + \l{qmake-function-reference.html}{eval()} built-in function, + and compiles a list of files: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/replacefunction.pro 0 + + \target ConditionalFunctions + \section1 Conditional Functions + + \c qmake provides built-in functions that can be used as conditions + when writing scopes. These functions do not return a value, but + instead indicate "success" or "failure": + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/functions.pro 3 + + This type of function should be used in conditional expressions + only. + + It is possible to define your own functions to provide conditions + for scopes. The following example tests whether each file in a list + exists and returns true if they all exist, or false if not: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/testfunction.pro 0 + + \section1 Adding New Configuration Features + + \c qmake lets you create your own \e features that can be included in + project files by adding their names to the list of values specified by + the \c CONFIG variable. Features are collections of custom functions and + definitions in \c{.prf} files that can reside in one of many standard + directories. The locations of these directories are defined in a number + of places, and \c qmake checks each of them in the following order when + it looks for \c{.prf} files: + + \list 1 + \o In a directory listed in the \c QMAKEFEATURES environment variable; + this contains a colon-separated list of directories. + \o In a directory listed in the \c QMAKEFEATURES property variable; this + contains a colon-spearated list of directories. + \omit + \o In a features directory beneath the project's root directory (where + the \c{.qmake.cache} file is generated). + \endomit + \o In a features directory residing within a \c mkspecs directory. + \c mkspecs directories can be located beneath any of the directories + listed in the \c QMAKEPATH environment variable (a colon-separated list + of directories). (\c{$QMAKEPATH/mkspecs/<features>}) + \o In a features directory residing beneath the directory provided by the + \c QMAKESPEC environment variable. (\c{$QMAKESPEC/<features>}) + \o In a features directory residing in the \c data_install/mkspecs directory. + (\c{data_install/mkspecs/<features>}) + \o In a features directory that exists as a sibling of the directory + specified by the \c QMAKESPEC environment variable. + (\c{$QMAKESPEC/../<features>}) + \endlist + + The following features directories are searched for features files: + + \list 1 + \o \c{features/unix}, \c{features/win32}, or \c{features/macx}, depending on + the platform in use + \o \c features/ + \endlist + + For example, consider the following assignment in a project file: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 103 + + With this addition to the \c CONFIG variable, \c qmake will search the + locations listed above for the \c myfeatures.prf file after it has + finished parsing your project file. On Unix systems, it will look for + the following file: + + \list 1 + \o \c $QMAKEFEATURES/myfeatures.prf (for each directory listed in the + \c QMAKEFEATURES environment variable) + \o \c $$QMAKEFEATURES/myfeatures.prf (for each directory listed in the + \c QMAKEFEATURES property variable) + \o \c myfeatures.prf (in the project's root directory) + \o \c $QMAKEPATH/mkspecs/features/unix/myfeatures.prf and + \c $QMAKEPATH/mkspecs/features/myfeatures.prf (for each directory + listed in the \c QMAKEPATH environment variable) + \o \c $QMAKESPEC/features/unix/myfeatures.prf and + \c $QMAKESPEC/features/myfeatures.prf + \o \c data_install/mkspecs/features/unix/myfeatures.prf and + \c data_install/mkspecs/features/myfeatures.prf + \o \c $QMAKESPEC/../features/unix/myfeatures.prf and + \c $QMAKESPEC/../features/myfeatures.prf + \endlist + + \note The \c{.prf} files must have names in lower case. + + +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-precompiledheaders.html + \title Using Precompiled Headers + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Advanced Usage + \nextpage qmake Reference + + \target Introduction + + Precompiled headers are a performance feature supported by some + compilers to compile a stable body of code, and store the compiled + state of the code in a binary file. During subsequent compilations, + the compiler will load the stored state, and continue compiling the + specified file. Each subsequent compilation is faster because the + stable code does not need to be recompiled. + + \c qmake supports the use of precompiled headers (PCH) on some + platforms and build environments, including: + \list + \o Windows + \list + \o nmake + \o Dsp projects (VC 6.0) + \o Vcproj projects (VC 7.0 \& 7.1) + \endlist + \o Mac OS X + \list + \o Makefile + \o Xcode + \endlist + \o Unix + \list + \o GCC 3.4 and above + \endlist + \endlist + + \target ADD_PCH + \section1 Adding Precompiled Headers to Your Project + + \target PCH_CONTENTS + \section2 Contents of the Precompiled Header File + + The precompiled header must contain code which is \e stable + and \e static throughout your project. A typical PCH might look + like this: + + \section3 Example: \c stable.h + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 104 + + Note that a precompiled header file needs to separate C includes from + C++ includes, since the precompiled header file for C files may not + contain C++ code. + + \target PROJECT_OPTIONS + \section2 Project Options + + To make your project use PCH, you only need to define the + \c PRECOMPILED_HEADER variable in your project file: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 105 + + \c qmake will handle the rest, to ensure the creation and use of the + precompiled header file. You do not need to include the precompiled + header file in \c HEADERS, as \c qmake will do this if the configuration + supports PCH. + + All platforms that support precompiled headers have the configuration + option \c precompile_header set. Using this option, you may trigger + conditional blocks in your project file to add settings when using PCH. + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 106 + + \section1 Notes on Possible Issues + + On some platforms, the file name suffix for precompiled header files is + the same as that for other object files. For example, the following + declarations may cause two different object files with the same name to + be generated: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 107 + + To avoid potential conflicts like these, it is good practice to ensure + that header files that will be precompiled are given distinctive names. + + \target EXAMPLE_PROJECT + \section1 Example Project + + You can find the following source code in the + \c{examples/qmake/precompile} directory in the Qt distribution: + + \section2 \c mydialog.ui + + \quotefromfile examples/qmake/precompile/mydialog.ui + \printuntil + + \section2 \c stable.h + + \snippet examples/qmake/precompile/stable.h 0 + + \section2 \c myobject.h + + \snippet examples/qmake/precompile/myobject.h 0 + + \section2 \c myobject.cpp + + \snippet examples/qmake/precompile/myobject.cpp 0 + + \section2 \c util.cpp + + \snippet examples/qmake/precompile/util.cpp 0 + + \section2 \c main.cpp + + \snippet examples/qmake/precompile/main.cpp 0 + + \section2 \c precompile.pro + + \snippet examples/qmake/precompile/precompile.pro 0 +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-tutorial.html + \title qmake Tutorial + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Manual + \nextpage qmake Common Projects + + This tutorial teaches you how to use \c qmake. We recommend that + you read the \c qmake user guide after completing this tutorial. + + \section1 Starting off Simple + + Let's assume that you have just finished a basic implementation of + your application, and you have created the following files: + + \list + \o hello.cpp + \o hello.h + \o main.cpp + \endlist + + You will find these files in the \c{examples/qmake/tutorial} directory + of the Qt distribution. The only other thing you know about the setup of + the application is that it's written in Qt. First, using your favorite + plain text editor, create a file called \c hello.pro in + \c{examples/qmake/tutorial}. The first thing you need to do is add the + lines that tell \c qmake about the source and header files that are part + of your development project. + + We'll add the source files to the project file first. To do this you + need to use the \l{qmake Variable Reference#SOURCES}{SOURCES} variable. + Just start a new line with \c {SOURCES +=} and put hello.cpp after it. + You should have something like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 108 + + We repeat this for each source file in the project, until we end up + with the following: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 109 + + If you prefer to use a Make-like syntax, with all the files listed in + one go you can use the newline escaping like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 110 + + Now that the source files are listed in the project file, the header + files must be added. These are added in exactly the same way as source + files, except that the variable name we use is + \l{qmake Variable Reference#HEADERS}{HEADERS}. + + Once you have done this, your project file should look something like + this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 111 + + The target name is set automatically; it is the same as the project + file, but with the suffix appropriate to the platform. For example, if + the project file is called \c hello.pro, the target will be \c hello.exe + on Windows and \c hello on Unix. If you want to use a different name + you can set it in the project file: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 112 + + The final step is to set the \l{qmake Variable Reference#CONFIG}{CONFIG} + variable. Since this is a Qt application, we need to put \c qt on the + \c CONFIG line so that \c qmake will add the relevant libraries to be + linked against and ensure that build lines for \c moc and \c uic are + included in the generated Makefile. + + The finished project file should look like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 113 + + You can now use \c qmake to generate a Makefile for your application. + On the command line, in your project's directory, type the following: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 114 + + Then type \c make or \c nmake depending on the compiler you use. + + For Visual Studio users, \c qmake can also generate \c .dsp or + \c .vcproj files, for example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 115 + + \section1 Making an Application Debuggable + + The release version of an application doesn't contain any debugging + symbols or other debugging information. During development it is useful + to produce a debugging version of the application that has the + relevant information. This is easily achieved by adding \c debug to the + \c CONFIG variable in the project file. + + For example: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 116 + + Use \c qmake as before to generate a Makefile and you will be able to + obtain useful information about your application when running it in + a debugging environment. + + \section1 Adding Platform-Specific Source Files + + After a few hours of coding, you might have made a start on the + platform-specific part of your application, and decided to keep the + platform-dependent code separate. So you now have two new files to + include into your project file: \c hellowin.cpp and \c + hellounix.cpp. We can't just add these to the \c SOURCES + variable since this will put both files in the Makefile. So, what we + need to do here is to use a scope which will be processed depending on + which platform \c qmake is run on. + + A simple scope that will add in the platform-dependent file for + Windows looks like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 117 + + So if \c qmake is run on Windows, it will add \c hellowin.cpp to the + list of source files. If \c qmake is run on any other platform, it + will simply ignore it. Now all that is left to be done is to create a + scope for the Unix-specific file. + + When you have done that, your project file should now look + something like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 118 + + Use \c qmake as before to generate a Makefile. + + \section1 Stopping qmake If a File Doesn't Exist + + You may not want to create a Makefile if a certain file doesn't exist. + We can check if a file exists by using the exists() function. We can + stop \c qmake from processing by using the error() function. This + works in the same way as scopes do. Simply replace the scope condition + with the function. A check for a \c main.cpp file looks like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 119 + + The \c{!} symbol is used to negate the test; i.e. \c{exists( main.cpp )} + is true if the file exists, and \c{!exists( main.cpp )} is true if the + file doesn't exist. + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 120 + + Use \c qmake as before to generate a makefile. If you rename \c + main.cpp temporarily, you will see the message and \c qmake will stop + processing. + + \section1 Checking for More than One Condition + + Suppose you use Windows and you want to be able to see statement + output with qDebug() when you run your application on the command line. + Unless you build your application with the appropriate console setting, + you won't see the output. We can easily put \c console on the \c CONFIG + line so that on Windows the makefile will have this setting. However, + let's say that we only want to add the \c CONFIG line if we are running + on Windows \e and when \c debug is already on the \c CONFIG line. + This requires using two nested scopes; just create one scope, then create + the other inside it. Put the settings to be processed inside the last + scope, like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 121 + + Nested scopes can be joined together using colons, so the final + project file looks like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 122 + + That's it! You have now completed the tutorial for \c qmake, and are + ready to write project files for your development projects. +*/ + +/*! + \page qmake-common-projects.html + \title qmake Common Projects + \contentspage {qmake Manual}{Contents} + \previouspage qmake Tutorial + \nextpage Using qmake + + This chapter describes how to set up \c qmake project files for three + common project types that are based on Qt. Although all kinds of + projects use many of the same variables, each of them use project-specific + variables to customize output files. + + Platform-specific variables are not described here; we refer the reader to + the \l{Deploying Qt Applications} document for information on issues such as + \l{Deploying an Application on Mac OS X#Architecture Dependencies}{building + universal binaries for Mac OS X} and + \l{Deploying an Application on Windows#Visual Studio 2005 Onwards} + {handling Visual Studio manifest files}. + + \tableofcontents + + \target Application + \section1 Building an Application + + \section2 The app Template + + The \c app template tells \c qmake to generate a Makefile that will build + an application. With this template, the type of application can be specified + by adding one of the following options to the \c CONFIG variable definition: + + \table + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o windows \o The application is a Windows GUI application. + \row \o console \o \c app template only: the application is a Windows console + application. + \endtable + + When using this template the following \c qmake system variables are recognized. + You should use these in your .pro file to specify information about your + application. + + \list + \o HEADERS - A list of all the header files for the application. + \o SOURCES - A list of all the source files for the application. + \o FORMS - A list of all the UI files (created using \c{Qt Designer}) + for the application. + \o LEXSOURCES - A list of all the lex source files for the application. + \o YACCSOURCES - A list of all the yacc source files for the application. + \o TARGET - Name of the executable for the application. This defaults + to the name of the project file. (The extension, if any, is added + automatically). + \o DESTDIR - The directory in which the target executable is placed. + \o DEFINES - A list of any additional pre-processor defines needed for the application. + \o INCLUDEPATH - A list of any additional include paths needed for the application. + \o DEPENDPATH - The dependency search path for the application. + \o VPATH - The search path to find supplied files. + \o DEF_FILE - Windows only: A .def file to be linked against for the application. + \o RC_FILE - Windows only: A resource file for the application. + \o RES_FILE - Windows only: A resource file to be linked against for the application. + \endlist + + You only need to use the system variables that you have values for, + for instance, if you do not have any extra INCLUDEPATHs then you do not + need to specify any, \c qmake will add in the default ones needed. + For instance, an example project file might look like this: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 123 + + For items that are single valued, e.g. the template or the destination + directory, we use "="; but for multi-valued items we use "+=" to \e + add to the existing items of that type. Using "=" replaces the item's + value with the new value, for example if we wrote \c{DEFINES=QT_DLL}, + all other definitions would be deleted. + + \target Library + \section1 Building a Library + + \section2 The lib Template + + The \c lib template tells \c qmake to generate a Makefile that will + build a library. When using this template, in addition to the system variables + mentioned above for the \c app template the \c VERSION variable is + supported. You should use these in your .pro file to specify + information about the library. + + When using the \c lib template, the following options can be added to the + \c CONFIG variable to determine the type of library that is built: + + \table + \header \o Option \o Description + \row \o dll \o The library is a shared library (dll). + \row \o staticlib \o The library is a static library. + \row \o plugin \o The library is a plugin; this also enables the dll option. + \endtable + + The following option can also be defined to provide additional information about + the library. + + \list + \o VERSION - The version number of the target library, for example, 2.3.1. + \endlist + + The target file name for the library is platform-dependent. For example, on + X11 and Mac OS X, the library name will be prefixed by \c lib; on Windows, + no prefix is added to the file name. + + \target Plugin + \section1 Building a Plugin + + Plugins are built using the \c lib template, as described in the previous + section. This tells \c qmake to generate a Makefile for the project that will + build a plugin in a suitable form for each platform, usually in the form of a + library. As with ordinary libraries, the \c VERSION variable is used to specify + information about the plugin. + + \list + \o VERSION - The version number of the target library, for example, 2.3.1. + \endlist + + \section2 Building a Qt Designer Plugin + + \QD plugins are built using a specific set of configuration settings that + depend on the way Qt was configured for your system. For convenience, these + settings can be enabled by adding \c designer to the project's \c CONFIG + variable. For example: + + \snippet examples/designer/worldtimeclockplugin/worldtimeclockplugin.pro 0 + + See the \l{Qt Designer Examples} for more examples of plugin-based projects. + + \section1 Building and Installing in Debug and Release Modes + + Sometimes, it is necessary to build a project in both debug and release + modes. Although the \c CONFIG variable can hold both \c debug and \c release + options, the \c debug option overrides the \c release option. + + \section2 Building in Both Modes + + To enable a project to be built in both modes, you must add the + \c debug_and_release option to your project's \c CONFIG definition: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/debug_and_release.pro 0 + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/debug_and_release.pro 1 + + The scope in the above snippet modifies the build target in each mode to + ensure that the resulting targets have different names. Providing different + names for targets ensures that one will not overwrite the other. + + When \c qmake processes the project file, it will generate a Makefile rule + to allow the project to be built in both modes. This can be invoked in the + following way: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 124 + + The \c build_all option can be added to the \c CONFIG variable in the + project file to ensure that the project is built in both modes by default: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/qmake/debug_and_release.pro 2 + + This allows the Makefile to be processed using the default rule: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 125 + + \section2 Installing in Both Modes + + The \c build_all option also ensures that both versions of the target + will be installed when the installation rule is invoked: + + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 126 + + It is possible to customize the names of the build targets depending on + the target platform. For example, a library or plugin may be named using a + different convention on Windows to the one used on Unix platforms: + + \omit + Note: This was originally used in the customwidgetplugin.pro file, but is + no longer needed there. + \endomit + \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_qmake-manual.qdoc 127 + + The default behavior in the above snippet is to modify the name used for + the build target when building in debug mode. An \c else clause could be + added to the scope to do the same for release mode; left as it is, the + target name remains unmodified. +*/ + |