1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
|
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2011 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies).
** All rights reserved.
** Contact: Nokia Corporation (qt-info@nokia.com)
**
** This file is part of the documentation of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:FDL$
** No Commercial Usage
** This file contains pre-release code and may not be distributed.
** You may use this file in accordance with the terms and conditions
** contained in the Technology Preview License Agreement accompanying
** this package.
**
** GNU Free Documentation License
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Free
** Documentation License version 1.3 as published by the Free Software
** Foundation and appearing in the file included in the packaging of this
** file.
**
** If you have questions regarding the use of this file, please contact
** Nokia at qt-info@nokia.com.
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
/*!
\page qmlevents.html
\ingroup qml-features
\contentspage QML Features
\previouspage {Keyboard Focus in QML}{Keyboard Focus}
\nextpage Importing Reusable Components
\title QML Signal and Handler Event System
QML utilizes Qt's \l{The Meta-Object System}{meta-object} and
\l{Signals & Slots}{signals} systems. Signals and slots created using Qt in C++
are inheritely valid in QML.
\keyword qml-signals-and-handlers
\section1 Signals and Handlers
Signals provide a way to notify other objects when an event has occurred. For
example, the MouseArea \c clicked signal notifies other objects that the mouse
has been clicked within the area.
The syntax for defining a new signal is:
\qml
signal <name>[([<type> <parameter name>[, ...]])]
\endqml
Attempting to declare two signals or methods with the same name in the same type
block generates an error. However, a new signal may reuse the name of an existing signal on the type. (This should be done with caution, as the existing signal may be hidden and become inaccessible.)
Here are various examples of signal declarations:
\snippet doc/src/snippets/declarative/events.qml parent begin
\snippet doc/src/snippets/declarative/events.qml signal declaration
\snippet doc/src/snippets/declarative/events.qml parent end
If the signal has no parameters, the "\c{()}" brackets are optional. If
parameters are used, the parameter types must be declared, as for the \c string
and \c variant arguments of the \c perform signal.
Adding a signal to an item automatically adds a \e{signal handler} as well. The
signal hander is named \c on<SignalName>, with the first letter of the signal in
uppercase. The previous signals have the following signal handlers:
\snippet doc/src/snippets/declarative/events.qml signal handler declaration
Further, each QML properties have a \c{<property_name>Changed} signal and its
corresponding \c{on<property_name>Changed} signal handler. As a result, property
changes may notify other components for any changes.
\snippet doc/src/snippets/declarative/events.qml automatic signals
To emit a signal, invoke it as a method. The signal handler binding is similar
to a property binding and it is invoked when the signal is emitted. Use the
defined argument names to access the respective arguments.
\snippet doc/src/snippets/declarative/events.qml signal emit
Note that the \c Component.onCompleted is an
\l{attached-signalhandlers}{attached signal handler}; it is invoked when the
\l Component initialization is complete.
\keyword qml-connect-signals-to-method
\section2 Connecting Signals to Methods and Signals
Signal objects have a \c connect() method to a connect a signal either to a
method or another signal. When a signal is connected to a method, the method is
automatically invoked whenever the signal is emitted. (In Qt terminology, the
method is a \e slot that is connected to the \e signal; all methods defined in
QML are created as \l{Signals & Slots}{Qt slots}.) This enables a signal
to be received by a method instead of a \l {Signal Handlers}{signal handler}.
\snippet doc/src/snippets/declarative/events.qml connect method
The \c {connect()} method is appropriate when connecting a JavaScript method to
a signal.
There is a corresponding \c disconnect() method for removing connected
signals.
\section3 Signal to Signal Connect
By connecting signals to other signals, the \c connect() method can form different
signal chains.
\snippet doc/src/snippets/declarative/events.qml forward signal
Whenever the \l MouseArea \c clicked signal is emitted, the \c send
signal will automatically be emitted as well.
\code
output:
MouseArea clicked
Send clicked
\endcode
\section1 C++ Additions
Because QML uses Qt, a signal defined in C++ also works as a QML signal. The
signal may be emitted in QML code or called as a method. In addition, the QML
runtime automatically creates signal handlers for the C++ signals. For more
signal control, the \c connect() method and the \l Connect element may connect a
C++ to another signal or method.
For complete information on how to call C++ functions in QML, read the \l {Extending QML - Signal Support Example}.
*/
|
