summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/etc/TestCmd.py
blob: 95333981d8fa2e2430760a674ed84e8de8aeeb1a (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
"""
TestCmd.py:  a testing framework for commands and scripts.

The TestCmd module provides a framework for portable automated testing
of executable commands and scripts (in any language, not just Python),
especially commands and scripts that require file system interaction.

In addition to running tests and evaluating conditions, the TestCmd
module manages and cleans up one or more temporary workspace
directories, and provides methods for creating files and directories in
those workspace directories from in-line data, here-documents), allowing
tests to be completely self-contained.

A TestCmd environment object is created via the usual invocation:

    import TestCmd
    test = TestCmd.TestCmd()

There are a bunch of keyword arguments that you can use at instantiation
time:

    test = TestCmd.TestCmd(description = 'string',
                           program = 'program_or_script_to_test',
                           interpreter = 'script_interpreter',
                           workdir = 'prefix',
                           subdir = 'subdir',
                           verbose = Boolean,
                           match = default_match_function,
                           combine = Boolean)

There are a bunch of methods that let you do a bunch of different
things.  Here is an overview of them:

    test.verbose_set(1)

    test.description_set('string')

    test.program_set('program_or_script_to_test')

    test.interpreter_set('script_interpreter')

    test.workdir_set('prefix')
    test.workdir_set('')

    test.workpath('file')
    test.workpath('subdir', 'file')

    test.subdir('subdir', ...)

    test.write('file', "contents\n")
    test.write(['subdir', 'file'], "contents\n")

    test.read('file')
    test.read(['subdir', 'file'])
    test.read('file', mode)
    test.read(['subdir', 'file'], mode)

    test.writable('dir', 1)
    test.writable('dir', None)

    test.preserve(condition, ...)

    test.cleanup(condition)

    test.run(program = 'program_or_script_to_run',
             interpreter = 'script_interpreter',
             arguments = 'arguments to pass to program',
             chdir = 'directory_to_chdir_to',
             stdin = 'input to feed to the program\n')

    test.pass_test()
    test.pass_test(condition)
    test.pass_test(condition, function)

    test.fail_test()
    test.fail_test(condition)
    test.fail_test(condition, function)
    test.fail_test(condition, function, skip)

    test.no_result()
    test.no_result(condition)
    test.no_result(condition, function)
    test.no_result(condition, function, skip)

    test.stdout()
    test.stdout(run)

    test.stderr()
    test.stderr(run)

    test.symlink(target, link)

    test.match(actual, expected)

    test.match_exact("actual 1\nactual 2\n", "expected 1\nexpected 2\n")
    test.match_exact(["actual 1\n", "actual 2\n"],
                     ["expected 1\n", "expected 2\n"])

    test.match_re("actual 1\nactual 2\n", regex_string)
    test.match_re(["actual 1\n", "actual 2\n"], list_of_regexes)

    test.match_re_dotall("actual 1\nactual 2\n", regex_string)
    test.match_re_dotall(["actual 1\n", "actual 2\n"], list_of_regexes)

    test.sleep()
    test.sleep(seconds)

    test.where_is('foo')
    test.where_is('foo', 'PATH1:PATH2')
    test.where_is('foo', 'PATH1;PATH2', '.suffix3;.suffix4')

    test.unlink('file')
    test.unlink('subdir', 'file')

The TestCmd module provides pass_test(), fail_test(), and no_result()
unbound functions that report test results for use with the Aegis change
management system.  These methods terminate the test immediately,
reporting PASSED, FAILED, or NO RESULT respectively, and exiting with
status 0 (success), 1 or 2 respectively.  This allows for a distinction
between an actual failed test and a test that could not be properly
evaluated because of an external condition (such as a full file system
or incorrect permissions).

    import TestCmd

    TestCmd.pass_test()
    TestCmd.pass_test(condition)
    TestCmd.pass_test(condition, function)

    TestCmd.fail_test()
    TestCmd.fail_test(condition)
    TestCmd.fail_test(condition, function)
    TestCmd.fail_test(condition, function, skip)

    TestCmd.no_result()
    TestCmd.no_result(condition)
    TestCmd.no_result(condition, function)
    TestCmd.no_result(condition, function, skip)

The TestCmd module also provides unbound functions that handle matching
in the same way as the match_*() methods described above.

    import TestCmd

    test = TestCmd.TestCmd(match = TestCmd.match_exact)

    test = TestCmd.TestCmd(match = TestCmd.match_re)

    test = TestCmd.TestCmd(match = TestCmd.match_re_dotall)

Lastly, the where_is() method also exists in an unbound function
version.

    import TestCmd

    TestCmd.where_is('foo')
    TestCmd.where_is('foo', 'PATH1:PATH2')
    TestCmd.where_is('foo', 'PATH1;PATH2', '.suffix3;.suffix4')
"""

# Copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Steven Knight
# This module is free software, and you may redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the same terms as Python itself, so long as this copyright message
# and disclaimer are retained in their original form.
#
# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT,
# SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
# THIS CODE, EVEN IF THE AUTHOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
# DAMAGE.
#
# THE AUTHOR SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
# PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE CODE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS,
# AND THERE IS NO OBLIGATION WHATSOEVER TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE,
# SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.

__author__ = "Steven Knight <knight at baldmt dot com>"
__revision__ = "TestCmd.py 0.8.D001 2004/07/15 06:24:14 knight"
__version__ = "0.8"

import os
import os.path
import popen2
import re
import shutil
import stat
import string
import sys
import tempfile
import time
import traceback
import types
import UserList

__all__ = [ 'fail_test', 'no_result', 'pass_test',
            'match_exact', 'match_re', 'match_re_dotall',
            'python_executable', 'TestCmd' ]

def is_List(e):
    return type(e) is types.ListType \
        or isinstance(e, UserList.UserList)

try:
    from UserString import UserString
except ImportError:
    class UserString:
        pass

if hasattr(types, 'UnicodeType'):
    def is_String(e):
        return type(e) is types.StringType \
            or type(e) is types.UnicodeType \
            or isinstance(e, UserString)
else:
    def is_String(e):
        return type(e) is types.StringType or isinstance(e, UserString)

tempfile.template = 'testcmd.'

if os.name == 'posix':

    def escape_cmd(arg):
        "escape shell special characters"
        slash = '\\'
        special = '"$'

        arg = string.replace(arg, slash, slash+slash)
        for c in special:
            arg = string.replace(arg, c, slash+c)

        return '"' + arg + '"'

else:

    # Windows does not allow special characters in file names
    # anyway, so no need for an escape function, we will just quote
    # the arg.
    escape_cmd = lambda x: '"' + x + '"'

_Cleanup = []

def _clean():
    global _Cleanup
    list = _Cleanup[:]
    _Cleanup = []
    list.reverse()
    for test in list:
        test.cleanup()

sys.exitfunc = _clean

def _caller(tblist, skip):
    string = ""
    arr = []
    for file, line, name, text in tblist:
        if file[-10:] == "TestCmd.py":
                break
        arr = [(file, line, name, text)] + arr
    atfrom = "at"
    for file, line, name, text in arr[skip:]:
        if name == "?":
            name = ""
        else:
            name = " (" + name + ")"
        string = string + ("%s line %d of %s%s\n" % (atfrom, line, file, name))
        atfrom = "\tfrom"
    return string

def fail_test(self = None, condition = 1, function = None, skip = 0):
    """Cause the test to fail.

    By default, the fail_test() method reports that the test FAILED
    and exits with a status of 1.  If a condition argument is supplied,
    the test fails only if the condition is true.
    """
    if not condition:
        return
    if not function is None:
        function()
    of = ""
    desc = ""
    sep = " "
    if not self is None:
        if self.program:
            of = " of " + self.program
            sep = "\n\t"
        if self.description:
            desc = " [" + self.description + "]"
            sep = "\n\t"

    at = _caller(traceback.extract_stack(), skip)
    sys.stderr.write("FAILED test" + of + desc + sep + at)

    sys.exit(1)

def no_result(self = None, condition = 1, function = None, skip = 0):
    """Causes a test to exit with no valid result.

    By default, the no_result() method reports NO RESULT for the test
    and exits with a status of 2.  If a condition argument is supplied,
    the test fails only if the condition is true.
    """
    if not condition:
        return
    if not function is None:
        function()
    of = ""
    desc = ""
    sep = " "
    if not self is None:
        if self.program:
            of = " of " + self.program
            sep = "\n\t"
        if self.description:
            desc = " [" + self.description + "]"
            sep = "\n\t"

    at = _caller(traceback.extract_stack(), skip)
    sys.stderr.write("NO RESULT for test" + of + desc + sep + at)

    sys.exit(2)

def pass_test(self = None, condition = 1, function = None):
    """Causes a test to pass.

    By default, the pass_test() method reports PASSED for the test
    and exits with a status of 0.  If a condition argument is supplied,
    the test passes only if the condition is true.
    """
    if not condition:
        return
    if not function is None:
        function()
    sys.stderr.write("PASSED\n")
    sys.exit(0)

def match_exact(lines = None, matches = None):
    """
    """
    if not is_List(lines):
        lines = string.split(lines, "\n")
    if not is_List(matches):
        matches = string.split(matches, "\n")
    if len(lines) != len(matches):
        return
    for i in range(len(lines)):
        if lines[i] != matches[i]:
            return
    return 1

def match_re(lines = None, res = None):
    """
    """
    if not is_List(lines):
        lines = string.split(lines, "\n")
    if not is_List(res):
        res = string.split(res, "\n")
    if len(lines) != len(res):
        return
    for i in range(len(lines)):
        if not re.compile("^" + res[i] + "$").search(lines[i]):
            return
    return 1

def match_re_dotall(lines = None, res = None):
    """
    """
    if not type(lines) is type(""):
        lines = string.join(lines, "\n")
    if not type(res) is type(""):
        res = string.join(res, "\n")
    if re.compile("^" + res + "$", re.DOTALL).match(lines):
        return 1

if os.name == 'java':

    python_executable = os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'jython')

else:

    python_executable = sys.executable

if sys.platform == 'win32':

    default_sleep_seconds = 2

    def where_is(file, path=None, pathext=None):
        if path is None:
            path = os.environ['PATH']
        if is_String(path):
            path = string.split(path, os.pathsep)
        if pathext is None:
            pathext = os.environ['PATHEXT']
        if is_String(pathext):
            pathext = string.split(pathext, os.pathsep)
        for ext in pathext:
            if string.lower(ext) == string.lower(file[-len(ext):]):
                pathext = ['']
                break
        for dir in path:
            f = os.path.join(dir, file)
            for ext in pathext:
                fext = f + ext
                if os.path.isfile(fext):
                    return fext
        return None

else:

    def where_is(file, path=None, pathext=None):
        if path is None:
            path = os.environ['PATH']
        if is_String(path):
            path = string.split(path, os.pathsep)
        for dir in path:
            f = os.path.join(dir, file)
            if os.path.isfile(f):
                try:
                    st = os.stat(f)
                except:
                    continue
                if stat.S_IMODE(st[stat.ST_MODE]) & 0111:
                    return f
        return None

    default_sleep_seconds = 1

class TestCmd:
    """Class TestCmd
    """

    def __init__(self, description = None,
                       program = None,
                       interpreter = None,
                       workdir = None,
                       subdir = None,
                       verbose = 0,
                       match = None,
                       combine = 0):
        self._cwd = os.getcwd()
        self.description_set(description)
        self.program_set(program)
        self.interpreter_set(interpreter)
        self.verbose_set(verbose)
        self.combine = combine
        if not match is None:
            self.match_func = match
        else:
            self.match_func = match_re
        self._dirlist = []
        self._preserve = {'pass_test': 0, 'fail_test': 0, 'no_result': 0}
        if os.environ.has_key('PRESERVE') and not os.environ['PRESERVE'] is '':
            self._preserve['pass_test'] = os.environ['PRESERVE']
            self._preserve['fail_test'] = os.environ['PRESERVE']
            self._preserve['no_result'] = os.environ['PRESERVE']
        else:
            try:
                self._preserve['pass_test'] = os.environ['PRESERVE_PASS']
            except KeyError:
                pass
            try:
                self._preserve['fail_test'] = os.environ['PRESERVE_FAIL']
            except KeyError:
                pass
            try:
                self._preserve['no_result'] = os.environ['PRESERVE_NO_RESULT']
            except KeyError:
                pass
        self._stdout = []
        self._stderr = []
        self.status = None
        self.condition = 'no_result'
        self.workdir_set(workdir)
        self.subdir(subdir)

    def __del__(self):
        self.cleanup()

    def __repr__(self):
        return "%x" % id(self)

    def cleanup(self, condition = None):
        """Removes any temporary working directories for the specified
        TestCmd environment.  If the environment variable PRESERVE was
        set when the TestCmd environment was created, temporary working
        directories are not removed.  If any of the environment variables
        PRESERVE_PASS, PRESERVE_FAIL, or PRESERVE_NO_RESULT were set
        when the TestCmd environment was created, then temporary working
        directories are not removed if the test passed, failed, or had
        no result, respectively.  Temporary working directories are also
        preserved for conditions specified via the preserve method.

        Typically, this method is not called directly, but is used when
        the script exits to clean up temporary working directories as
        appropriate for the exit status.
        """
        if not self._dirlist:
            return
        os.chdir(self._cwd)
        self.workdir = None
        if condition is None:
            condition = self.condition
        if self._preserve[condition]:
            for dir in self._dirlist:
                print "Preserved directory", dir
        else:
            list = self._dirlist[:]
            list.reverse()
            for dir in list:
                self.writable(dir, 1)
                shutil.rmtree(dir, ignore_errors = 1)
            self._dirlist = []

        try:
            global _Cleanup
            _Cleanup.remove(self)
        except (AttributeError, ValueError):
            pass

    def description_set(self, description):
        """Set the description of the functionality being tested.
        """
        self.description = description

#    def diff(self):
#        """Diff two arrays.
#        """

    def fail_test(self, condition = 1, function = None, skip = 0):
        """Cause the test to fail.
        """
        if not condition:
            return
        self.condition = 'fail_test'
        fail_test(self = self,
                  condition = condition,
                  function = function,
                  skip = skip)

    def interpreter_set(self, interpreter):
        """Set the program to be used to interpret the program
        under test as a script.
        """
        self.interpreter = interpreter

    def match(self, lines, matches):
        """Compare actual and expected file contents.
        """
        return self.match_func(lines, matches)

    def match_exact(self, lines, matches):
        """Compare actual and expected file contents.
        """
        return match_exact(lines, matches)

    def match_re(self, lines, res):
        """Compare actual and expected file contents.
        """
        return match_re(lines, res)

    def match_re_dotall(self, lines, res):
        """Compare actual and expected file contents.
        """
        return match_re_dotall(lines, res)

    def no_result(self, condition = 1, function = None, skip = 0):
        """Report that the test could not be run.
        """
        if not condition:
            return
        self.condition = 'no_result'
        no_result(self = self,
                  condition = condition,
                  function = function,
                  skip = skip)

    def pass_test(self, condition = 1, function = None):
        """Cause the test to pass.
        """
        if not condition:
            return
        self.condition = 'pass_test'
        pass_test(self = self, condition = condition, function = function)

    def preserve(self, *conditions):
        """Arrange for the temporary working directories for the
        specified TestCmd environment to be preserved for one or more
        conditions.  If no conditions are specified, arranges for
        the temporary working directories to be preserved for all
        conditions.
        """
        if conditions is ():
            conditions = ('pass_test', 'fail_test', 'no_result')
        for cond in conditions:
            self._preserve[cond] = 1

    def program_set(self, program):
        """Set the executable program or script to be tested.
        """
        if program and not os.path.isabs(program):
            program = os.path.join(self._cwd, program)
        self.program = program

    def read(self, file, mode = 'rb'):
        """Reads and returns the contents of the specified file name.
        The file name may be a list, in which case the elements are
        concatenated with the os.path.join() method.  The file is
        assumed to be under the temporary working directory unless it
        is an absolute path name.  The I/O mode for the file may
        be specified; it must begin with an 'r'.  The default is
        'rb' (binary read).
        """
        if is_List(file):
            file = apply(os.path.join, tuple(file))
        if not os.path.isabs(file):
            file = os.path.join(self.workdir, file)
        if mode[0] != 'r':
            raise ValueError, "mode must begin with 'r'"
        return open(file, mode).read()

    def run(self, program = None,
                  interpreter = None,
                  arguments = None,
                  chdir = None,
                  stdin = None):
        """Runs a test of the program or script for the test
        environment.  Standard output and error output are saved for
        future retrieval via the stdout() and stderr() methods.
        """
        if chdir:
            oldcwd = os.getcwd()
            if not os.path.isabs(chdir):
                chdir = os.path.join(self.workpath(chdir))
            if self.verbose:
                sys.stderr.write("chdir(" + chdir + ")\n")
            os.chdir(chdir)
        cmd = None
        if program:
            if not os.path.isabs(program):
                program = os.path.join(self._cwd, program)
            cmd = escape_cmd(program)
            if interpreter:
                cmd = interpreter + " " + cmd
        else:
            cmd = escape_cmd(self.program)
            if self.interpreter:
                cmd =  self.interpreter + " " + cmd
        if arguments:
            cmd = cmd + " " + arguments
        if self.verbose:
            sys.stderr.write(cmd + "\n")
        try:
            p = popen2.Popen3(cmd, 1)
        except AttributeError:
            (tochild, fromchild, childerr) = os.popen3(cmd)
            if stdin:
                if is_List(stdin):
                    for line in stdin:
                        tochild.write(line)
                else:
                    tochild.write(stdin)
            tochild.close()
            out = fromchild.read()
            err = childerr.read()
            if self.combine:
                self._stdout.append(out + err)
            else:
                self._stdout.append(out)
                self._stderr.append(err)
            fromchild.close()
            self.status = childerr.close()
            if not self.status:
                self.status = 0
        except:
            raise
        else:
            if stdin:
                if is_List(stdin):
                    for line in stdin:
                        p.tochild.write(line)
                else:
                    p.tochild.write(stdin)
            p.tochild.close()
            out = p.fromchild.read()
            err = p.childerr.read()
            if self.combine:
                self._stdout.append(out + err)
            else:
                self._stdout.append(out)
                self._stderr.append(err)
            self.status = p.wait()
        if chdir:
            os.chdir(oldcwd)

    def sleep(self, seconds = default_sleep_seconds):
        """Sleeps at least the specified number of seconds.  If no
        number is specified, sleeps at least the minimum number of
        seconds necessary to advance file time stamps on the current
        system.  Sleeping more seconds is all right.
        """
        time.sleep(seconds)

    def stderr(self, run = None):
        """Returns the error output from the specified run number.
        If there is no specified run number, then returns the error
        output of the last run.  If the run number is less than zero,
        then returns the error output from that many runs back from the
        current run.
        """
        if not run:
            run = len(self._stderr)
        elif run < 0:
            run = len(self._stderr) + run
        run = run - 1
        return self._stderr[run]

    def stdout(self, run = None):
        """Returns the standard output from the specified run number.
        If there is no specified run number, then returns the standard
        output of the last run.  If the run number is less than zero,
        then returns the standard output from that many runs back from
        the current run.
        """
        if not run:
            run = len(self._stdout)
        elif run < 0:
            run = len(self._stdout) + run
        run = run - 1
        return self._stdout[run]

    def subdir(self, *subdirs):
        """Create new subdirectories under the temporary working
        directory, one for each argument.  An argument may be a list,
        in which case the list elements are concatenated using the
        os.path.join() method.  Subdirectories multiple levels deep
        must be created using a separate argument for each level:

                test.subdir('sub', ['sub', 'dir'], ['sub', 'dir', 'ectory'])

        Returns the number of subdirectories actually created.
        """
        count = 0
        for sub in subdirs:
            if sub is None:
                continue
            if is_List(sub):
                sub = apply(os.path.join, tuple(sub))
            new = os.path.join(self.workdir, sub)
            try:
                os.mkdir(new)
            except:
                pass
            else:
                count = count + 1
        return count

    def symlink(self, target, link):
        """Creates a symlink to the specified target.
        The link name may be a list, in which case the elements are
        concatenated with the os.path.join() method.  The link is
        assumed to be under the temporary working directory unless it
        is an absolute path name. The target is *not* assumed to be
        under the temporary working directory.
        """
        if is_List(link):
            link = apply(os.path.join, tuple(link))
        if not os.path.isabs(link):
            link = os.path.join(self.workdir, link)
        os.symlink(target, link)

    def unlink(self, file):
        """Unlinks the specified file name.
        The file name may be a list, in which case the elements are
        concatenated with the os.path.join() method.  The file is
        assumed to be under the temporary working directory unless it
        is an absolute path name.
        """
        if is_List(file):
            file = apply(os.path.join, tuple(file))
        if not os.path.isabs(file):
            file = os.path.join(self.workdir, file)
        os.unlink(file)

    def verbose_set(self, verbose):
        """Set the verbose level.
        """
        self.verbose = verbose

    def where_is(self, file, path=None, pathext=None):
        """Find an executable file.
        """
        if is_List(file):
            file = apply(os.path.join, tuple(file))
        if not os.path.isabs(file):
            file = where_is(file, path, pathext)
        return file

    def workdir_set(self, path):
        """Creates a temporary working directory with the specified
        path name.  If the path is a null string (''), a unique
        directory name is created.
        """
        if (path != None):
            if path == '':
                path = tempfile.mktemp()
            if path != None:
                os.mkdir(path)
            # We'd like to set self.workdir like this:
            #     self.workdir = path
            # But symlinks in the path will report things
            # differently from os.getcwd(), so chdir there
            # and back to fetch the canonical path.
            cwd = os.getcwd()
            os.chdir(path)
            self.workdir = os.getcwd()
            os.chdir(cwd)
            # Uppercase the drive letter since the case of drive
            # letters is pretty much random on win32:
            drive,rest = os.path.splitdrive(self.workdir)
            if drive:
                self.workdir = string.upper(drive) + rest
            #
            self._dirlist.append(self.workdir)
            global _Cleanup
            try:
                _Cleanup.index(self)
            except ValueError:
                _Cleanup.append(self)
        else:
            self.workdir = None

    def workpath(self, *args):
        """Returns the absolute path name to a subdirectory or file
        within the current temporary working directory.  Concatenates
        the temporary working directory name with the specified
        arguments using the os.path.join() method.
        """
        return apply(os.path.join, (self.workdir,) + tuple(args))

    def writable(self, top, write):
        """Make the specified directory tree writable (write == 1)
        or not (write == None).
        """

        def _walk_chmod(arg, dirname, names):
            st = os.stat(dirname)
            os.chmod(dirname, arg(st[stat.ST_MODE]))
            for name in names:
                n = os.path.join(dirname, name)
                st = os.stat(n)
                os.chmod(n, arg(st[stat.ST_MODE]))

        def _mode_writable(mode):
            return stat.S_IMODE(mode|0200)

        def _mode_non_writable(mode):
            return stat.S_IMODE(mode&~0200)

        if write:
            f = _mode_writable
        else:
            f = _mode_non_writable
        try:
            os.path.walk(top, _walk_chmod, f)
        except:
            pass # ignore any problems changing modes

    def write(self, file, content, mode = 'wb'):
        """Writes the specified content text (second argument) to the
        specified file name (first argument).  The file name may be
        a list, in which case the elements are concatenated with the
        os.path.join() method.  The file is created under the temporary
        working directory.  Any subdirectories in the path must already
        exist.  The I/O mode for the file may be specified; it must
        begin with a 'w'.  The default is 'wb' (binary write).
        """
        if is_List(file):
            file = apply(os.path.join, tuple(file))
        if not os.path.isabs(file):
            file = os.path.join(self.workdir, file)
        if mode[0] != 'w':
            raise ValueError, "mode must begin with 'w'"
        open(file, mode).write(content)