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diff --git a/tk8.6/doc/entry.n b/tk8.6/doc/entry.n new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ccfcd24 --- /dev/null +++ b/tk8.6/doc/entry.n @@ -0,0 +1,539 @@ +'\" +'\" Copyright (c) 1990-1994 The Regents of the University of California. +'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc. +'\" Copyright (c) 1998-2000 Scriptics Corporation. +'\" +'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution +'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. +'\" +.TH entry n 8.3 Tk "Tk Built-In Commands" +.so man.macros +.BS +'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! +.SH NAME +entry \- Create and manipulate 'entry' one-line text entry widgets +.SH SYNOPSIS +\fBentry\fR \fIpathName \fR?\fIoptions\fR? +.SO +\-background \-highlightthickness \-selectbackground +\-borderwidth \-insertbackground \-selectborderwidth +\-cursor \-insertborderwidth \-selectforeground +\-exportselection \-insertofftime \-takefocus +\-font \-insertontime \-textvariable +\-foreground \-insertwidth \-xscrollcommand +\-highlightbackground \-justify +\-highlightcolor \-relief +.SE +.SH "WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS" +.OP \-disabledbackground disabledBackground DisabledBackground +Specifies the background color to use when the entry is disabled. If +this option is the empty string, the normal background color is used. +.OP \-disabledforeground disabledForeground DisabledForeground +Specifies the foreground color to use when the entry is disabled. If +this option is the empty string, the normal foreground color is used. +.OP "\-invalidcommand or \-invcmd" invalidCommand InvalidCommand +Specifies a script to eval when \fB\-validatecommand\fR returns 0. +Setting it to {} disables this feature (the default). The best use +of this option is to set it to \fIbell\fR. See \fBVALIDATION\fR +below for more information. +.OP \-readonlybackground readonlyBackground ReadonlyBackground +Specifies the background color to use when the entry is readonly. If +this option is the empty string, the normal background color is used. +.OP \-show show Show +If this option is specified, then the true contents of the entry +are not displayed in the window. +Instead, each character in the entry's value will be displayed as +the first character in the value of this option, such as +.QW * . +This is useful, for example, if the entry is to be used to enter +a password. +If characters in the entry are selected and copied elsewhere, the +information copied will be what is displayed, not the true contents +of the entry. +.OP \-state state State +Specifies one of three states for the entry: \fBnormal\fR, +\fBdisabled\fR, or \fBreadonly\fR. If the entry is readonly, then the +value may not be changed using widget commands and no insertion cursor +will be displayed, even if the input focus is in the widget; the +contents of the widget may still be selected. If the entry is +disabled, the value may not be changed, no insertion cursor will be +displayed, the contents will not be selectable, and the entry may +be displayed in a different color, depending on the values of the +\fB\-disabledforeground\fR and \fB\-disabledbackground\fR options. +.OP \-validate validate Validate +Specifies the mode in which validation should operate: \fBnone\fR, +\fBfocus\fR, \fBfocusin\fR, \fBfocusout\fR, \fBkey\fR, or \fBall\fR. +It defaults to \fBnone\fR. When you want validation, you must explicitly +state which mode you wish to use. See \fBVALIDATION\fR below for more. +.OP "\-validatecommand or \-vcmd" validateCommand ValidateCommand +Specifies a script to eval when you want to validate the input into +the entry widget. Setting it to {} disables this feature (the default). +This command must return a valid Tcl boolean value. If it returns 0 (or +the valid Tcl boolean equivalent) then it means you reject the new edition +and it will not occur and the \fB\-invalidcommand\fR will be evaluated if it +is set. If it returns 1, then the new edition occurs. +See \fBVALIDATION\fR below for more information. +.OP \-width width Width +Specifies an integer value indicating the desired width of the entry window, +in average-size characters of the widget's font. +If the value is less than or equal to zero, the widget picks a +size just large enough to hold its current text. +.BE +.SH DESCRIPTION +.PP +The \fBentry\fR command creates a new window (given by the +\fIpathName\fR argument) and makes it into an entry widget. +Additional options, described above, may be specified on the +command line or in the option database +to configure aspects of the entry such as its colors, font, +and relief. The \fBentry\fR command returns its +\fIpathName\fR argument. At the time this command is invoked, +there must not exist a window named \fIpathName\fR, but +\fIpathName\fR's parent must exist. +.PP +An entry is a widget that displays a one-line text string and +allows that string to be edited using widget commands described below, which +are typically bound to keystrokes and mouse actions. +When first created, an entry's string is empty. +A portion of the entry may be selected as described below. +If an entry is exporting its selection (see the \fB\-exportselection\fR +option), then it will observe the standard X11 protocols for handling the +selection; entry selections are available as type \fBSTRING\fR. +Entries also observe the standard Tk rules for dealing with the +input focus. When an entry has the input focus it displays an +\fIinsertion cursor\fR to indicate where new characters will be +inserted. +.PP +Entries are capable of displaying strings that are too long to +fit entirely within the widget's window. In this case, only a +portion of the string will be displayed; commands described below +may be used to change the view in the window. Entries use +the standard \fB\-xscrollcommand\fR mechanism for interacting with +scrollbars (see the description of the \fB\-xscrollcommand\fR option +for details). They also support scanning, as described below. +.SH VALIDATION +.PP +Validation works by setting the \fB\-validatecommand\fR option to a +script (\fIvalidateCommand\fR) which will be evaluated according to +the \fB\-validate\fR option as follows: +.PP +.IP \fBnone\fR 10 +Default. This means no validation will occur. +.IP \fBfocus\fR 10 +\fIvalidateCommand\fR will be called when the entry receives or +loses focus. +.IP \fBfocusin\fR 10 +\fIvalidateCommand\fR will be called when the entry receives focus. +.IP \fBfocusout\fR 10 +\fIvalidateCommand\fR will be called when the entry loses focus. +.IP \fBkey\fR 10 +\fIvalidateCommand\fR will be called when the entry is edited. +.IP \fBall\fR 10 +\fIvalidateCommand\fR will be called for all above conditions. +.PP +It is possible to perform percent substitutions on the value of the +\fB\-validatecommand\fR and \fB\-invalidcommand\fR options, +just as you would in a \fBbind\fR script. The following substitutions +are recognized: +.PP +.IP \fB%d\fR 5 +Type of action: 1 for \fBinsert\fR, 0 for \fBdelete\fR, +or \-1 for focus, forced or textvariable validation. +.IP \fB%i\fR 5 +Index of char string to be inserted/deleted, if any, otherwise \-1. +.IP \fB%P\fR 5 +The value of the entry if the edit is allowed. If you are configuring the +entry widget to have a new textvariable, this will be the value of that +textvariable. +.IP \fB%s\fR 5 +The current value of entry prior to editing. +.IP \fB%S\fR 5 +The text string being inserted/deleted, if any, {} otherwise. +.IP \fB%v\fR 5 +The type of validation currently set. +.IP \fB%V\fR 5 +The type of validation that triggered the callback +(key, focusin, focusout, forced). +.IP \fB%W\fR 5 +The name of the entry widget. +.PP +In general, the \fB\-textvariable\fR and \fB\-validatecommand\fR options can be +dangerous to mix. Any problems have been overcome so that using the +\fB\-validatecommand\fR will not interfere with the traditional behavior of +the entry widget. Using the \fB\-textvariable\fR for read-only purposes will +never cause problems. The danger comes when you try set the +\fB\-textvariable\fR to something that the \fB\-validatecommand\fR would not +accept, which causes \fB\-validate\fR to become \fInone\fR (the +\fB\-invalidcommand\fR will not be triggered). The same happens +when an error occurs evaluating the \fB\-validatecommand\fR. +.PP +Primarily, an error will occur when the \fB\-validatecommand\fR or +\fB\-invalidcommand\fR encounters an error in its script while evaluating or +\fB\-validatecommand\fR does not return a valid Tcl boolean value. The +\fB\-validate\fR option will also set itself to \fBnone\fR when you edit the +entry widget from within either the \fB\-validatecommand\fR or the +\fB\-invalidcommand\fR. Such editions will override the one that was being +validated. If you wish to edit the entry widget (for example set it to {}) +during validation and still have the \fB\-validate\fR option set, you should +include the command +.CS +after idle {%W config \-validate %v} +.CE +in the \fB\-validatecommand\fR or \fB\-invalidcommand\fR (whichever one you +were editing the entry widget from). It is also recommended to not set an +associated \fB\-textvariable\fR during validation, as that can cause the +entry widget to become out of sync with the \fB\-textvariable\fR. +.SH "WIDGET COMMAND" +.PP +The \fBentry\fR command creates a new Tcl command whose +name is \fIpathName\fR. This command may be used to invoke various +operations on the widget. It has the following general form: +.CS +\fIpathName subcommand \fR?\fIarg arg ...\fR? +.CE +\fISubcommand\fR and the \fIarg\fRs +determine the exact behavior of the command. +.SS INDICES +.PP +Many of the widget commands for entries take one or more indices as +arguments. An index specifies a particular character in the entry's +string, in any of the following ways: +.TP 12 +\fInumber\fR +Specifies the character as a numerical index, where 0 corresponds +to the first character in the string. +.TP 12 +\fBanchor\fR +Indicates the anchor point for the selection, which is set with the +\fBselect from\fR and \fBselect adjust\fR widget commands. +.TP 12 +\fBend\fR +Indicates the character just after the last one in the entry's string. +This is equivalent to specifying a numerical index equal to the length +of the entry's string. +.TP 12 +\fBinsert\fR +Indicates the character adjacent to and immediately following the +insertion cursor. +.TP 12 +\fBsel.first\fR +Indicates the first character in the selection. It is an error to +use this form if the selection is not in the entry window. +.TP 12 +\fBsel.last\fR +Indicates the character just after the last one in the selection. +It is an error to use this form if the selection is not in the +entry window. +.TP 12 +\fB@\fInumber\fR +In this form, \fInumber\fR is treated as an x-coordinate in the +entry's window; the character spanning that x-coordinate is used. +For example, +.QW \fB@0\fR +indicates the left-most character in the window. +.LP +Abbreviations may be used for any of the forms above, e.g. +.QW \fBe\fR +or +.QW \fBsel.f\fR . +In general, out-of-range indices are automatically rounded to the +nearest legal value. +.SS SUBCOMMANDS +.PP +The following commands are possible for entry widgets: +.TP +\fIpathName \fBbbox \fIindex\fR +Returns a list of four numbers describing the bounding box of the +character given by \fIindex\fR. +The first two elements of the list give the x and y coordinates of +the upper-left corner of the screen area covered by the character +(in pixels relative to the widget) and the last two elements give +the width and height of the character, in pixels. +The bounding box may refer to a region outside the visible area +of the window. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBcget\fR \fIoption\fR +Returns the current value of the configuration option given +by \fIoption\fR. +\fIOption\fR may have any of the values accepted by the \fBentry\fR +command. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBconfigure\fR ?\fIoption\fR? ?\fIvalue option value ...\fR? +Query or modify the configuration options of the widget. +If no \fIoption\fR is specified, returns a list describing all of +the available options for \fIpathName\fR (see \fBTk_ConfigureInfo\fR for +information on the format of this list). If \fIoption\fR is specified +with no \fIvalue\fR, then the command returns a list describing the +one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding +sublist of the value returned if no \fIoption\fR is specified). If +one or more \fIoption\-value\fR pairs are specified, then the command +modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s); in +this case the command returns an empty string. +\fIOption\fR may have any of the values accepted by the \fBentry\fR +command. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBdelete \fIfirst \fR?\fIlast\fR? +Delete one or more elements of the entry. +\fIFirst\fR is the index of the first character to delete, and +\fIlast\fR is the index of the character just after the last +one to delete. +If \fIlast\fR is not specified it defaults to \fIfirst\fR+1, +i.e. a single character is deleted. +This command returns an empty string. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBget\fR +Returns the entry's string. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBicursor \fIindex\fR +Arrange for the insertion cursor to be displayed just before the character +given by \fIindex\fR. Returns an empty string. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBindex\fI index\fR +Returns the numerical index corresponding to \fIindex\fR. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBinsert \fIindex string\fR +Insert the characters of \fIstring\fR just before the character +indicated by \fIindex\fR. Returns an empty string. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBscan\fR \fIoption args\fR +This command is used to implement scanning on entries. It has +two forms, depending on \fIoption\fR: +.RS +.TP +\fIpathName \fBscan mark \fIx\fR +Records \fIx\fR and the current view in the entry window; used in +conjunction with later \fBscan dragto\fR commands. Typically this +command is associated with a mouse button press in the widget. It +returns an empty string. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBscan dragto \fIx\fR +This command computes the difference between its \fIx\fR argument +and the \fIx\fR argument to the last \fBscan mark\fR command for +the widget. It then adjusts the view left or right by 10 times the +difference in x-coordinates. This command is typically associated +with mouse motion events in the widget, to produce the effect of +dragging the entry at high speed through the window. The return +value is an empty string. +.RE +.TP +\fIpathName \fBselection \fIoption arg\fR +This command is used to adjust the selection within an entry. It +has several forms, depending on \fIoption\fR: +.RS +.TP +\fIpathName \fBselection adjust \fIindex\fR +Locate the end of the selection nearest to the character given by +\fIindex\fR, and adjust that end of the selection to be at \fIindex\fR +(i.e. including but not going beyond \fIindex\fR). The other +end of the selection is made the anchor point for future +\fBselect to\fR commands. If the selection +is not currently in the entry, then a new selection is created to +include the characters between \fIindex\fR and the most recent +selection anchor point, inclusive. +Returns an empty string. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBselection clear\fR +Clear the selection if it is currently in this widget. If the +selection is not in this widget then the command has no effect. +Returns an empty string. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBselection from \fIindex\fR +Set the selection anchor point to just before the character +given by \fIindex\fR. Does not change the selection. +Returns an empty string. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBselection present\fR +Returns 1 if there is are characters selected in the entry, +0 if nothing is selected. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBselection range \fIstart\fR \fIend\fR +Sets the selection to include the characters starting with +the one indexed by \fIstart\fR and ending with the one just +before \fIend\fR. +If \fIend\fR refers to the same character as \fIstart\fR or an +earlier one, then the entry's selection is cleared. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBselection to \fIindex\fR +If \fIindex\fR is before the anchor point, set the selection +to the characters from \fIindex\fR up to but not including +the anchor point. +If \fIindex\fR is the same as the anchor point, do nothing. +If \fIindex\fR is after the anchor point, set the selection +to the characters from the anchor point up to but not including +\fIindex\fR. +The anchor point is determined by the most recent \fBselect from\fR +or \fBselect adjust\fR command in this widget. +If the selection is not in this widget then a new selection is +created using the most recent anchor point specified for the widget. +Returns an empty string. +.RE +.TP +\fIpathName \fBvalidate\fR +This command is used to force an evaluation of the \fB\-validatecommand\fR +independent of the conditions specified by the \fB\-validate\fR option. +This is done by temporarily setting the \fB\-validate\fR option to \fBall\fR. +It returns 0 or 1. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBxview \fIargs\fR +This command is used to query and change the horizontal position of the +text in the widget's window. It can take any of the following +forms: +.RS +.TP +\fIpathName \fBxview\fR +Returns a list containing two elements. +Each element is a real fraction between 0 and 1; together they describe +the horizontal span that is visible in the window. +For example, if the first element is .2 and the second element is .6, +20% of the entry's text is off-screen to the left, the middle 40% is visible +in the window, and 40% of the text is off-screen to the right. +These are the same values passed to scrollbars via the \fB\-xscrollcommand\fR +option. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBxview\fR \fIindex\fR +Adjusts the view in the window so that the character given by \fIindex\fR +is displayed at the left edge of the window. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBxview moveto\fI fraction\fR +Adjusts the view in the window so that the character \fIfraction\fR of the +way through the text appears at the left edge of the window. +\fIFraction\fR must be a fraction between 0 and 1. +.TP +\fIpathName \fBxview scroll \fInumber what\fR +This command shifts the view in the window left or right according to +\fInumber\fR and \fIwhat\fR. +\fINumber\fR must be an integer. +\fIWhat\fR must be either \fBunits\fR or \fBpages\fR or an abbreviation +of one of these. +If \fIwhat\fR is \fBunits\fR, the view adjusts left or right by +\fInumber\fR average-width characters on the display; if it is +\fBpages\fR then the view adjusts by \fInumber\fR screenfuls. +If \fInumber\fR is negative then characters farther to the left +become visible; if it is positive then characters farther to the right +become visible. +.RE +.SH "DEFAULT BINDINGS" +.PP +Tk automatically creates class bindings for entries that give them +the following default behavior. In the descriptions below, +.QW word +refers to a contiguous group of letters, digits, or +.QW _ +characters, or any single character other than these. +.IP [1] +Clicking mouse button 1 positions the insertion cursor +just before the character underneath the mouse cursor, sets the +input focus to this widget, and clears any selection in the widget. +Dragging with mouse button 1 strokes out a selection between +the insertion cursor and the character under the mouse. +.IP [2] +Double-clicking with mouse button 1 selects the word under the mouse +and positions the insertion cursor at the end of the word. +Dragging after a double click will stroke out a selection consisting +of whole words. +.IP [3] +Triple-clicking with mouse button 1 selects all of the text in the +entry and positions the insertion cursor at the end of the line. +.IP [4] +The ends of the selection can be adjusted by dragging with mouse +button 1 while the Shift key is down; this will adjust the end +of the selection that was nearest to the mouse cursor when button +1 was pressed. +If the button is double-clicked before dragging then the selection +will be adjusted in units of whole words. +.IP [5] +Clicking mouse button 1 with the Control key down will position the +insertion cursor in the entry without affecting the selection. +.IP [6] +If any normal printing characters are typed in an entry, they are +inserted at the point of the insertion cursor. +.IP [7] +The view in the entry can be adjusted by dragging with mouse button 2. +If mouse button 2 is clicked without moving the mouse, the selection +is copied into the entry at the position of the mouse cursor. +.IP [8] +If the mouse is dragged out of the entry on the left or right sides +while button 1 is pressed, the entry will automatically scroll to +make more text visible (if there is more text off-screen on the side +where the mouse left the window). +.IP [9] +The Left and Right keys move the insertion cursor one character to the +left or right; they also clear any selection in the entry and set +the selection anchor. +If Left or Right is typed with the Shift key down, then the insertion +cursor moves and the selection is extended to include the new character. +Control-Left and Control-Right move the insertion cursor by words, and +Control-Shift-Left and Control-Shift-Right move the insertion cursor +by words and also extend the selection. +Control-b and Control-f behave the same as Left and Right, respectively. +Meta-b and Meta-f behave the same as Control-Left and Control-Right, +respectively. +.IP [10] +The Home key, or Control-a, will move the insertion cursor to the +beginning of the entry and clear any selection in the entry. +Shift-Home moves the insertion cursor to the beginning of the entry +and also extends the selection to that point. +.IP [11] +The End key, or Control-e, will move the insertion cursor to the +end of the entry and clear any selection in the entry. +Shift-End moves the cursor to the end and extends the selection +to that point. +.IP [12] +The Select key and Control-Space set the selection anchor to the position +of the insertion cursor. They do not affect the current selection. +Shift-Select and Control-Shift-Space adjust the selection to the +current position of the insertion cursor, selecting from the anchor +to the insertion cursor if there was not any selection previously. +.IP [13] +Control-/ selects all the text in the entry. +.IP [14] +Control-\e clears any selection in the entry. +.IP [15] +The F16 key (labelled Copy on many Sun workstations) or Meta-w +copies the selection in the widget to the clipboard, if there is a selection. +.IP [16] +The F20 key (labelled Cut on many Sun workstations) or Control-w +copies the selection in the widget to the clipboard and deletes +the selection. +If there is no selection in the widget then these keys have no effect. +.IP [17] +The F18 key (labelled Paste on many Sun workstations) or Control-y +inserts the contents of the clipboard at the position of the +insertion cursor. +.IP [18] +The Delete key deletes the selection, if there is one in the entry. +If there is no selection, it deletes the character to the right of +the insertion cursor. +.IP [19] +The BackSpace key and Control-h delete the selection, if there is one +in the entry. +If there is no selection, it deletes the character to the left of +the insertion cursor. +.IP [20] +Control-d deletes the character to the right of the insertion cursor. +.IP [21] +Meta-d deletes the word to the right of the insertion cursor. +.IP [22] +Control-k deletes all the characters to the right of the insertion +cursor. +.IP [23] +Control-t reverses the order of the two characters to the right of +the insertion cursor. +.PP +If the entry is disabled using the \fB\-state\fR option, then the entry's +view can still be adjusted and text in the entry can still be selected, +but no insertion cursor will be displayed and no text modifications will +take place +except if the entry is linked to a variable using the \fB\-textvariable\fR +option, in which case any changes to the variable are reflected by the +entry whatever the value of its \fB\-state\fR option. +.PP +The behavior of entries can be changed by defining new bindings for +individual widgets or by redefining the class bindings. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +ttk::entry(n) +.SH KEYWORDS +entry, widget +'\" Local Variables: +'\" mode: nroff +'\" End: |