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-.\" ========================================================================
-.\"
-.IX Title "xpans 1"
-.TH xpans 1 "July 23, 2013" "version 2.1.15" "SAORD Documentation"
-.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
-.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
-.if n .ad l
-.nh
-.SH "NAME"
-\&\fBxpans: the \s-1XPA\s0 Name Server\fR
-.SH "SYNOPSIS"
-.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
-.Vb 1
-\& xpans [\-h] [\-e] [\-k sec] [\-p port] [\-l log] [\-s security log] [\-P n]
-.Ve
-.SH "OPTIONS"
-.IX Header "OPTIONS"
-.Vb 8
-\& \-h print help message
-\& \-e exit when there are no more XPA connections
-\& \-k send keepalive messages every n sec
-\& \-l log data base entries to specified file
-\& \-p listen for connections on specified port
-\& \-s log security info for each connection to specified file
-\& \-P accept proxy requests (P=1) using separate thread (P=2)
-\& \-\-version display version and exit
-.Ve
-.SH "DESCRIPTION"
-.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
-The xpans name server is an XPA-enabled program that is used to
-manage the names and ports of \s-1XPA\s0 access points. It is started
-automatically when an \s-1XPA\s0 access point is registered. You can access
-the name server using xpaget to get a list of registered access points.
-.PP
-The \fIxpans\fR name server provides a crucial link between \s-1XPA\s0
-clients and servers. When an \s-1XPA\s0 server defines an access point using
-\&\fIXPANew()\fR, \fIXPACmdNew()\fR, or \fIXPAInfoNew()\fR, the name of the access point
-is registered in the name service, along with connection information.
-The name server then matches class:name templates passed to it by \s-1XPA\s0
-clients with these registered entries, so that the clients can
-communicate with the appropriate servers.
-.PP
-The socket connection between an XPA-enabled program and
-\&\fIxpans\fR is kept open until the former exits (or explicitly
-closes the connection). Apparently, some Internet equipment (e.g. \s-1DSL\s0
-modems) can cause such a connection to time-out after a period of
-inactivity. To prevent this from happening, you can use the \-k
-[sec] switch to send a short keep-alive message to each open
-connection after the specified time delay. (Note that this
-application level use of keep-alive is necessary only if you are
-serving XPA-enabled clients over the Internet and have to deal with
-long-term connections involving \s-1DSL\s0 or similar equipment. \s-1XPA\s0 uses
-the ordinary socket-level keep-alive, which works for all other cases.)
-\&\s-1NB\s0 (12/2/2009): Out-of-band (\s-1URG\s0) \s-1TCP\s0 data, used by xpans
-keep-alive, is changed by some Cisco routers into in-band data.
-Encountering such a router will break the keep-alive function and may
-break your \s-1XPA\s0 server as well. Proceed with caution!
-.PP
-The \fIxpans\fR program will be started automatically (assuming it
-can be found in the user's path) when the first \s-1XPA\s0 access point is
-registered. It therefore need not be started explicitly. However,
-when started automatically, the \fI\-e\fR switch is used, so that
-the name server will exit when there are no more \s-1XPA\s0 access points
-registered. If you wish to keep the name server running continually,
-simply start it manually without the \fI\-e\fR switch.
-.PP
-The name server will keep a log of registered access points if the
-\&\fI\-l [log]\fR switch is used on the command line (this is the
-case for automatic start-up). The log contains enough name and connection
-information to allow you to re-register all \s-1XPA\s0 access points in case
-the name server process is terminated prematurely. For example, after
-the ds9 access point is registered,the log will contain the entry:
-.PP
-.Vb 1
-\& add 838e2f67:1863 ds9 ds9 gs eric
-.Ve
-.PP
-If \fIxpans\fR is terminated but ds9 still is running, you
-can re-register both access points for the ds9 process by running:
-.PP
-.Vb 1
-\& xpaset \-p 838e2f67:1863 \-nsconnect
-.Ve
-.PP
-Notice that the ip:port specifier is used with \fIxpaset\fR to bypass
-the need for contacting the name server (which does not have the name
-registered yet!)
-.PP
-The name server will keep a log of security information if the \-s
-[security log] switch is used on the command line. For each
-accepted connection, (including connections via the \fIxpaget\fR
-command), information will be logged about the host issuing the
-command and the parameters passed into the program. This is most
-useful when \fIxpans\fR is accepting connections from untrusted
-machines.
-.PP
-When an \s-1XPA\s0 access point is removed by a server using \fI\fIXPAFree()\fI\fR,
-the access information is removed from the name server. If an
-XPA-enabled process is terminated, all names registered by that process
-will be removed automatically. The log file is always updated to
-reflect the currently registered access points.
-.PP
-The name server itself has an \s-1XPA\s0 access point names \fIxpans\fR
-registered through which you can find out information about currently
-registered access points (assuming you have access to the name server;
-see \s-1XPA\s0 Access Control for more information).
-For each registered access point, the following information is returned:
-.PP
-.Vb 5
-\& class # class of the access point
-\& name # name of the access point
-\& access # allowed access (g=xpaget,s=xpaset,i=xpainfo)
-\& id # socket access method (host:port for inet, file for local/unix)
-\& user # user name of access point owner
-.Ve
-.PP
-For example, to display all currently registered access points, simply execute:
-.PP
-.Vb 1
-\& xpaget xpans
-.Ve
-.PP
-Continuing the example of ds9 above, this will return:
-.PP
-.Vb 1
-\& DS9 ds9 gs 838e2f67:1863 eric
-.Ve
-.PP
-If the same program has been started with different \s-1XPA\s0 access names,
-you can look up only names matching a specified template. For example,
-assume that ds9 has been started up using:
-.PP
-.Vb 3
-\& ds9 &
-\& ds9 \-title ds9\-1\-eric &
-\& ds9 \-title ds9\-2\-eric &
-.Ve
-.PP
-To lookup all ds9 access points which end in \*(L".eric\*(R" and which can
-be accessed using \fIxpaset\fR, use:
-.PP
-.Vb 1
-\& xpaget xpans "DS9:*.eric" "s" "*"
-.Ve
-.PP
-This will return:
-.PP
-.Vb 2
-\& DS9 ds9\-2\-eric gs 838e29d3:42102 eric
-\& DS9 ds9\-1\-eric gs 838e29d3:42105 eric
-.Ve
-.PP
-The third argument \*(L"*\*(R" requests all access points from all users.
-You also can specify a specific user name and only access points
-registered by that user will be returned.
-.PP
-The name server uses the \fI\s-1XPA_METHOD\s0\fR environment variable
-to determine whether it should listen for requests on \s-1INET\s0 or \s-1LOCAL\s0
-sockets. Since \s-1XPA\s0 access points also use this environment variable,
-the choice of socket method will be consistent. Note that, when \s-1INET\s0
-sockets are used, a local server can be accessed from remote machines
-if the \fI\s-1XPA_NSINET\s0\fR environment variable is set to point to
-the local machine. See
-\&\s-1XPA\s0 Environment Variables
-for more information.
-.PP
-An experimental feature of xpans is its ability to act as a proxy to
-\&\s-1XPA\s0 servers behind firewalls that want to communicate with external
-processes. The basic idea is the following: an \s-1XPA\s0 server (call it
-\&\*(L"foo\*(R") on host1, possibly behind a firewall, makes a remote connection
-to a proxy-enabled xpans program on host2 (specifying host2's \s-1XPA\s0 method).
-For example:
-.PP
-.Vb 1
-\& xpaset \-p foo \-remote \*(Aqhost2:28571\*(Aq + \-proxy # on host1
-.Ve
-.PP
-When this is done, host2 can use xpaset, xpaget, and xpainfo calls to
-communicate with the \s-1XPA\s0 server foo. All command communication is
-performed via the xpans socket connection between foo on host1 and
-xpans on host2 (which was initiated by foo from inside the firewall).
-Data communication is similarly performed using a socket connection
-initiated on host1 (usually with a port value two greater than the
-port value of the main xpans socket connection). An xpaset or xpaget
-call on host2 contacts xpans, which performs an \fIXPASet()\fR or \fIXPAGet()\fR
-call to foo, passing commands and data back and forth between the two
-programs.
-.PP
-By default, proxy connections are not allowed by xpans. If the \-P switch is
-specified with a value of 1, proxy connection are allowed, but all proxy
-communication is performed in the same thread as xpans processing. If
-a value of 2 is specified, the proxy processing is performed in a
-separate thread (assuming pthreads are supported on your system).
-Because xpa callback processing of any type can take a long time and
-therefore can interfere with normal xpans processing, threaded proxy
-connections (\-P 2) are recommended. When using proxy connections, it
-might also be useful to set the \s-1XPA_IOCALLSXPA\s0 environment variable, so
-that multiple proxy requests can be handled at the same time, instead of
-serially.
-.PP
-Note that this proxy interface to xpans is experimental. It is used
-to provide remote data analysis capabilities on the Chandra-Ed system
-using ds9. (See http://chandra\-ed.cfa.harvard.edu and
-http://hea\-www.harvard.edu/saord/ds9 for more details). As always, please
-contact us if you have problems or questions.
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
-See xpa(n) for a list of \s-1XPA\s0 help pages