gh-76785: Raise InterpreterError, Not RuntimeError (gh-117489)

I had meant to switch everything to InterpreterError when I added it a while back.  At the time I missed a few key spots.

As part of this, I've added print-the-exception to _PyXI_InitTypes() and fixed an error case in `_PyStaticType_InitBuiltin().

8 files changed, 40 insertions, 23 deletions

diff --git a/Lib/test/support/interpreters/__init__.py b/Lib/test/support/interpreters/__init__.py
index 8316b5e..8be4ee7 100644
--- a/Lib/test/support/interpreters/__init__.py
+++ b/Lib/test/support/interpreters/__init__.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Uncaught in the interpreter:
 {formatted}
 """.strip()
 
-class ExecutionFailed(RuntimeError):
+class ExecutionFailed(InterpreterError):
     """An unhandled exception happened during execution.
 
     This is raised from Interpreter.exec() and Interpreter.call().
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class Interpreter:
         """Finalize and destroy the interpreter.
 
         Attempting to destroy the current interpreter results
-        in a RuntimeError.
+        in an InterpreterError.
         """
         return _interpreters.destroy(self._id)
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test__xxsubinterpreters.py b/Lib/test/test__xxsubinterpreters.py
index f674771..841077a 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test__xxsubinterpreters.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test__xxsubinterpreters.py
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def clean_up_interpreters():
             continue
         try:
             interpreters.destroy(id)
-        except RuntimeError:
+        except interpreters.InterpreterError:
             pass  # already destroyed
 
 
@@ -464,11 +464,11 @@ class DestroyTests(TestBase):
 
     def test_main(self):
         main, = interpreters.list_all()
-        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+        with self.assertRaises(interpreters.InterpreterError):
             interpreters.destroy(main)
 
         def f():
-            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            with self.assertRaises(interpreters.InterpreterError):
                 interpreters.destroy(main)
 
         t = threading.Thread(target=f)
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ class DestroyTests(TestBase):
             import _xxsubinterpreters as _interpreters
             try:
                 _interpreters.destroy({id})
-            except RuntimeError:
+            except interpreters.InterpreterError:
                 pass
             """)
 
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ class DestroyTests(TestBase):
             self.assertTrue(interpreters.is_running(interp),
                             msg=f"Interp {interp} should be running before destruction.")
 
-            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError,
+            with self.assertRaises(interpreters.InterpreterError,
                                    msg=f"Should not be able to destroy interp {interp} while it's still running."):
                 interpreters.destroy(interp)
             self.assertTrue(interpreters.is_running(interp))
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ class RunStringTests(TestBase):
 
     def test_already_running(self):
         with _running(self.id):
-            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            with self.assertRaises(interpreters.InterpreterError):
                 interpreters.run_string(self.id, 'print("spam")')
 
     def test_does_not_exist(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_interpreters/test_api.py b/Lib/test/test_interpreters/test_api.py
index 2aa7f9b..a326b39 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_interpreters/test_api.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_interpreters/test_api.py
@@ -364,11 +364,11 @@ class TestInterpreterClose(TestBase):
 
     def test_main(self):
         main, = interpreters.list_all()
-        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+        with self.assertRaises(interpreters.InterpreterError):
             main.close()
 
         def f():
-            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            with self.assertRaises(interpreters.InterpreterError):
                 main.close()
 
         t = threading.Thread(target=f)
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ class TestInterpreterClose(TestBase):
             interp = interpreters.Interpreter({interp.id})
             try:
                 interp.close()
-            except RuntimeError:
+            except interpreters.InterpreterError:
                 print('failed')
             """))
         self.assertEqual(out.strip(), 'failed')
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ class TestInterpreterClose(TestBase):
         main, = interpreters.list_all()
         interp = interpreters.create()
         with _running(interp):
-            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            with self.assertRaises(interpreters.InterpreterError):
                 interp.close()
             self.assertTrue(interp.is_running())
 
@@ -1103,7 +1103,7 @@ class LowLevelTests(TestBase):
             self.assert_ns_equal(config, default)
 
         with self.subTest('arg: \'empty\''):
-            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
+            with self.assertRaises(interpreters.InterpreterError):
                 # The "empty" config isn't viable on its own.
                 _interpreters.create('empty')
 
diff --git a/Modules/_xxsubinterpretersmodule.c b/Modules/_xxsubinterpretersmodule.c
index 9c2774e..94b8ee35 100644
--- a/Modules/_xxsubinterpretersmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/_xxsubinterpretersmodule.c
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ interp_create(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
         // XXX Move the chained exception to interpreters.create()?
         PyObject *exc = PyErr_GetRaisedException();
         assert(exc != NULL);
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "interpreter creation failed");
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_InterpreterError, "interpreter creation failed");
         _PyErr_ChainExceptions1(exc);
         return NULL;
     }
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ interp_destroy(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
         return NULL;
     }
     if (interp == current) {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_InterpreterError,
                         "cannot destroy the current interpreter");
         return NULL;
     }
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ interp_destroy(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
     /* XXX We *could* support destroying a running interpreter but
        aren't going to worry about it for now. */
     if (is_running_main(interp)) {
-        PyErr_Format(PyExc_RuntimeError, "interpreter running");
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_InterpreterError, "interpreter running");
         return NULL;
     }
 
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ PyDoc_STRVAR(destroy_doc,
 \n\
 Destroy the identified interpreter.\n\
 \n\
-Attempting to destroy the current interpreter results in a RuntimeError.\n\
+Attempting to destroy the current interpreter raises InterpreterError.\n\
 So does an unrecognized ID.");
 
 
diff --git a/Objects/typeobject.c b/Objects/typeobject.c
index 6df9986..51ceb7d 100644
--- a/Objects/typeobject.c
+++ b/Objects/typeobject.c
@@ -7963,6 +7963,7 @@ _PyStaticType_InitBuiltin(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyTypeObject *self)
     res = type_ready(self, !ismain);
     END_TYPE_LOCK()
     if (res < 0) {
+        _PyStaticType_ClearWeakRefs(interp, self);
         static_builtin_state_clear(interp, self);
     }
     return res;
diff --git a/Python/crossinterp.c b/Python/crossinterp.c
index 18dec4d..16efe9c 100644
--- a/Python/crossinterp.c
+++ b/Python/crossinterp.c
@@ -845,7 +845,7 @@ _PyXI_ApplyErrorCode(_PyXI_errcode code, PyInterpreterState *interp)
         return 0;
     case _PyXI_ERR_OTHER:
         // XXX msg?
-        PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_RuntimeError);
+        PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_InterpreterError);
         break;
     case _PyXI_ERR_NO_MEMORY:
         PyErr_NoMemory();
@@ -856,11 +856,11 @@ _PyXI_ApplyErrorCode(_PyXI_errcode code, PyInterpreterState *interp)
         _PyInterpreterState_FailIfRunningMain(interp);
         break;
     case _PyXI_ERR_MAIN_NS_FAILURE:
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_InterpreterError,
                         "failed to get __main__ namespace");
         break;
     case _PyXI_ERR_APPLY_NS_FAILURE:
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_InterpreterError,
                         "failed to apply namespace to __main__");
         break;
     case _PyXI_ERR_NOT_SHAREABLE:
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ _PyXI_ApplyError(_PyXI_error *error)
         if (error->uncaught.type.name != NULL || error->uncaught.msg != NULL) {
             // __context__ will be set to a proxy of the propagated exception.
             PyObject *exc = PyErr_GetRaisedException();
-            _PyXI_excinfo_Apply(&error->uncaught, PyExc_RuntimeError);
+            _PyXI_excinfo_Apply(&error->uncaught, PyExc_InterpreterError);
             PyObject *exc2 = PyErr_GetRaisedException();
             PyException_SetContext(exc, exc2);
             PyErr_SetRaisedException(exc);
@@ -1671,6 +1671,7 @@ PyStatus
 _PyXI_InitTypes(PyInterpreterState *interp)
 {
     if (init_exceptions(interp) < 0) {
+        PyErr_PrintEx(0);
         return _PyStatus_ERR("failed to initialize an exception type");
     }
     return _PyStatus_OK();
diff --git a/Python/crossinterp_exceptions.h b/Python/crossinterp_exceptions.h
index e418cf9..0f324ba 100644
--- a/Python/crossinterp_exceptions.h
+++ b/Python/crossinterp_exceptions.h
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ static PyTypeObject _PyExc_InterpreterError = {
     PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
     .tp_name = "interpreters.InterpreterError",
     .tp_doc = PyDoc_STR("A cross-interpreter operation failed"),
+    .tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,
+    //.tp_traverse = ((PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException)->tp_traverse,
+    //.tp_clear = ((PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException)->tp_clear,
     //.tp_base = (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException,
 };
 PyObject *PyExc_InterpreterError = (PyObject *)&_PyExc_InterpreterError;
@@ -15,6 +18,9 @@ static PyTypeObject _PyExc_InterpreterNotFoundError = {
     PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
     .tp_name = "interpreters.InterpreterNotFoundError",
     .tp_doc = PyDoc_STR("An interpreter was not found"),
+    .tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,
+    //.tp_traverse = ((PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException)->tp_traverse,
+    //.tp_clear = ((PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException)->tp_clear,
     .tp_base = &_PyExc_InterpreterError,
 };
 PyObject *PyExc_InterpreterNotFoundError = (PyObject *)&_PyExc_InterpreterNotFoundError;
@@ -55,16 +61,25 @@ _get_not_shareable_error_type(PyInterpreterState *interp)
 static int
 init_exceptions(PyInterpreterState *interp)
 {
+    PyTypeObject *base = (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException;
+
     // builtin static types
-    _PyExc_InterpreterError.tp_base = (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException;
+
+    _PyExc_InterpreterError.tp_base = base;
+    _PyExc_InterpreterError.tp_traverse = base->tp_traverse;
+    _PyExc_InterpreterError.tp_clear = base->tp_clear;
     if (_PyStaticType_InitBuiltin(interp, &_PyExc_InterpreterError) < 0) {
         return -1;
     }
+
+    _PyExc_InterpreterNotFoundError.tp_traverse = base->tp_traverse;
+    _PyExc_InterpreterNotFoundError.tp_clear = base->tp_clear;
     if (_PyStaticType_InitBuiltin(interp, &_PyExc_InterpreterNotFoundError) < 0) {
         return -1;
     }
 
     // heap types
+
     // We would  call _init_not_shareable_error_type() here too,
     // but that leads to ref leaks
 
diff --git a/Python/pystate.c b/Python/pystate.c
index 925d1cf..892e740 100644
--- a/Python/pystate.c
+++ b/Python/pystate.c
@@ -1073,7 +1073,7 @@ int
 _PyInterpreterState_FailIfRunningMain(PyInterpreterState *interp)
 {
     if (interp->threads.main != NULL) {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_InterpreterError,
                         "interpreter already running");
         return -1;
     }