GH-103484: Fix redirected permanently URLs (#104001)

Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Oleg Iarygin <dralife@yandex.ru>

40 files changed, 78 insertions, 60 deletions

diff --git a/Doc/conf.py b/Doc/conf.py
index cef2a0e..6a3c01c 100644
--- a/Doc/conf.py
+++ b/Doc/conf.py
@@ -264,11 +264,29 @@ coverage_ignore_c_items = {
 
 linkcheck_allowed_redirects = {
     # bpo-NNNN -> BPO -> GH Issues
-    r'https://bugs.python.org/issue\?@action=redirect&bpo=\d+': 'https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/\d+',
+    r'https://bugs.python.org/issue\?@action=redirect&bpo=\d+': r'https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/\d+',
     # GH-NNNN used to refer to pull requests
-    r'https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/\d+': 'https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/\d+',
+    r'https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/\d+': r'https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/\d+',
     # :source:`something` linking files in the repository
-    r'https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/.*': 'https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/.*'
+    r'https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/.*': 'https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/.*',
+    # Intentional HTTP use at Misc/NEWS.d/3.5.0a1.rst
+    r'http://www.python.org/$': 'https://www.python.org/$',
+    # Used in license page, keep as is
+    r'https://www.zope.org/': r'https://www.zope.dev/',
+    # Microsoft's redirects to learn.microsoft.com
+    r'https://msdn.microsoft.com/.*': 'https://learn.microsoft.com/.*',
+    r'https://docs.microsoft.com/.*': 'https://learn.microsoft.com/.*',
+    r'https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/\?LinkID=\d+': 'https://learn.microsoft.com/.*',
+    # Language redirects
+    r'https://toml.io': 'https://toml.io/en/',
+    r'https://www.redhat.com': 'https://www.redhat.com/en',
+    # Other redirects
+    r'https://www.boost.org/libs/.+': r'https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/\d_\d+_\d/.+',
+    r'https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/\d+': 'https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/.+',
+    r'https://perf.wiki.kernel.org$': 'https://perf.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page',
+    r'https://www.sqlite.org': 'https://www.sqlite.org/index.html',
+    r'https://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp$': 'https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262510875/structure-and-interpretation-of-computer-programs/',
+    r'https://www.python.org/psf/': 'https://www.python.org/psf-landing/',
 }
 
 linkcheck_anchors_ignore = [
diff --git a/Doc/faq/extending.rst b/Doc/faq/extending.rst
index 0728263..bc3080f 100644
--- a/Doc/faq/extending.rst
+++ b/Doc/faq/extending.rst
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ on what you're trying to do.
 .. XXX make sure these all work
 
 `Cython <https://cython.org>`_ and its relative `Pyrex
-<https://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/>`_ are compilers
+<https://www.csse.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/>`_ are compilers
 that accept a slightly modified form of Python and generate the corresponding
 C code.  Cython and Pyrex make it possible to write an extension without having
 to learn Python's C API.
diff --git a/Doc/faq/general.rst b/Doc/faq/general.rst
index 6256deb..a9b2622 100644
--- a/Doc/faq/general.rst
+++ b/Doc/faq/general.rst
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ commercial use, to sell copies of Python in source or binary form (modified or
 unmodified), or to sell products that incorporate Python in some form.  We would
 still like to know about all commercial use of Python, of course.
 
-See `the PSF license page <https://www.python.org/psf/license/>`_ to find further
-explanations and a link to the full text of the license.
+See `the license page <https://docs.python.org/3/license.html>`_ to find further
+explanations and the full text of the PSF License.
 
 The Python logo is trademarked, and in certain cases permission is required to
 use it.  Consult `the Trademark Usage Policy
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ every day, and Usenet readers are often more able to cope with this volume.
 Announcements of new software releases and events can be found in
 comp.lang.python.announce, a low-traffic moderated list that receives about five
 postings per day.  It's available as `the python-announce mailing list
-<https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list>`_.
+<https://mail.python.org/mailman3/lists/python-announce-list.python.org/>`_.
 
 More info about other mailing lists and newsgroups
 can be found at https://www.python.org/community/lists/.
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ titled "Python X.Y Release Schedule", where X.Y is a version that hasn't been
 publicly released yet.
 
 New development is discussed on `the python-dev mailing list
-<https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-dev/>`_.
+<https://mail.python.org/mailman3/lists/python-dev.python.org/>`_.
 
 
 Is it reasonable to propose incompatible changes to Python?
diff --git a/Doc/faq/programming.rst b/Doc/faq/programming.rst
index 38f9b17..ab5618d 100644
--- a/Doc/faq/programming.rst
+++ b/Doc/faq/programming.rst
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Yes.
 `Pyflakes <https://github.com/PyCQA/pyflakes>`_ do basic checking that will
 help you catch bugs sooner.
 
-Static type checkers such as `Mypy <http://mypy-lang.org/>`_,
+Static type checkers such as `Mypy <https://mypy-lang.org/>`_,
 `Pyre <https://pyre-check.org/>`_, and
 `Pytype <https://github.com/google/pytype>`_ can check type hints in Python
 source code.
diff --git a/Doc/howto/pyporting.rst b/Doc/howto/pyporting.rst
index add1c11..baea3e8 100644
--- a/Doc/howto/pyporting.rst
+++ b/Doc/howto/pyporting.rst
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ to make sure everything functions as expected in both versions of Python.
 .. _Futurize: https://python-future.org/automatic_conversion.html
 .. _importlib2: https://pypi.org/project/importlib2
 .. _Modernize: https://python-modernize.readthedocs.io/
-.. _mypy: http://mypy-lang.org/
+.. _mypy: https://mypy-lang.org/
 .. _Porting to Python 3: http://python3porting.com/
 .. _Pylint: https://pypi.org/project/pylint
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/asyncio-eventloop.rst b/Doc/library/asyncio-eventloop.rst
index e982cc1..8d0022c 100644
--- a/Doc/library/asyncio-eventloop.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/asyncio-eventloop.rst
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ Opening network connections
       specifies requirements for algorithms that reduce this user-visible
       delay and provides an algorithm.
 
-      For more information: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6555
+      For more information: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6555
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.11
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/hashlib.rst b/Doc/library/hashlib.rst
index f8d10c0..6275f96 100644
--- a/Doc/library/hashlib.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/hashlib.rst
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ Constructor functions also accept the following tree hashing parameters:
    :alt: Explanation of tree mode parameters.
 
 See section 2.10 in `BLAKE2 specification
-<https://blake2.net/blake2_20130129.pdf>`_ for comprehensive review of tree
+<https://www.blake2.net/blake2_20130129.pdf>`_ for comprehensive review of tree
 hashing.
 
 
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ on the hash function used in digital signatures.
     by the signer.
 
     (`NIST SP-800-106 "Randomized Hashing for Digital Signatures"
-    <https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/sp/800-106/final>`_)
+    <https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/sp/800-106/archive/2009-02-25>`_)
 
 In BLAKE2 the salt is processed as a one-time input to the hash function during
 initialization, rather than as an input to each compression function.
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ initialization, rather than as an input to each compression function.
 
     *Salted hashing* (or just hashing) with BLAKE2 or any other general-purpose
     cryptographic hash function, such as SHA-256, is not suitable for hashing
-    passwords.  See `BLAKE2 FAQ <https://blake2.net/#qa>`_ for more
+    passwords.  See `BLAKE2 FAQ <https://www.blake2.net/#qa>`_ for more
     information.
 ..
 
@@ -764,9 +764,9 @@ Domain Dedication 1.0 Universal:
 
 * *Alexandr Sokolovskiy*
 
-.. _BLAKE2: https://blake2.net
+.. _BLAKE2: https://www.blake2.net
 .. _HMAC: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash-based_message_authentication_code
-.. _BLAKE: https://131002.net/blake/
+.. _BLAKE: https://web.archive.org/web/20200918190133/https://131002.net/blake/
 .. _SHA-3: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIST_hash_function_competition
 .. _ChaCha: https://cr.yp.to/chacha.html
 .. _pyblake2: https://pythonhosted.org/pyblake2/
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ Domain Dedication 1.0 Universal:
    Module :mod:`base64`
       Another way to encode binary hashes for non-binary environments.
 
-   https://blake2.net
+   https://www.blake2.net
       Official BLAKE2 website.
 
    https://csrc.nist.gov/csrc/media/publications/fips/180/2/archive/2002-08-01/documents/fips180-2.pdf
diff --git a/Doc/library/http.client.rst b/Doc/library/http.client.rst
index 38821b3..abdc6b4 100644
--- a/Doc/library/http.client.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/http.client.rst
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ HTTPConnection Objects
    the CONNECT request.
 
    As HTTP/1.1 is used for HTTP CONNECT tunnelling request, `as per the RFC
-   <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.6>`_, a HTTP ``Host:``
+   <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.6>`_, a HTTP ``Host:``
    header must be provided, matching the authority-form of the request target
    provided as the destination for the CONNECT request. If a HTTP ``Host:``
    header is not provided via the headers argument, one is generated and
diff --git a/Doc/library/importlib.metadata.rst b/Doc/library/importlib.metadata.rst
index b306d5f..3097bcf 100644
--- a/Doc/library/importlib.metadata.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/importlib.metadata.rst
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ The "selectable" entry points were introduced in ``importlib_metadata``
 no parameters and always returned a dictionary of entry points, keyed
 by group. With ``importlib_metadata`` 5.0 and Python 3.12,
 ``entry_points`` always returns an ``EntryPoints`` object. See
-`backports.entry_points_selectable <https://pypi.org/project/backports.entry_points_selectable>`_
+`backports.entry_points_selectable <https://pypi.org/project/backports.entry-points-selectable>`_
 for compatibility options.
 
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/os.rst b/Doc/library/os.rst
index 50e951c..76623c6 100644
--- a/Doc/library/os.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/os.rst
@@ -4593,7 +4593,7 @@ written in Python, such as a mail server's external command delivery program.
    :attr:`!children_system`, and :attr:`!elapsed` in that order.
 
    See the Unix manual page
-   :manpage:`times(2)` and `times(3) <https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?time(3)>`_ manual page on Unix or `the GetProcessTimes MSDN
+   :manpage:`times(2)` and `times(3) <https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?time(3)>`_ manual page on Unix or `the GetProcessTimes MSDN
    <https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-getprocesstimes>`_
    on Windows. On Windows, only :attr:`!user` and :attr:`!system` are known; the other attributes are zero.
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/plistlib.rst b/Doc/library/plistlib.rst
index 7aad15e..732ef35 100644
--- a/Doc/library/plistlib.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/plistlib.rst
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ or :class:`datetime.datetime` objects.
 
 .. seealso::
 
-   `PList manual page <https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/PropertyLists/>`_
+   `PList manual page <https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/PropertyLists/>`_
       Apple's documentation of the file format.
 
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/resource.rst b/Doc/library/resource.rst
index e7bf45d..a5324c8 100644
--- a/Doc/library/resource.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/resource.rst
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ platform.
    used by all of this user id's processes.
    This limit is enforced only if bit 1 of the vm.overcommit sysctl is set.
    Please see
-   `tuning(7) <https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tuning&sektion=7>`__
+   `tuning(7) <https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tuning&sektion=7>`__
    for a complete description of this sysctl.
 
    .. availability:: FreeBSD.
diff --git a/Doc/library/select.rst b/Doc/library/select.rst
index 2890706..b0891b0 100644
--- a/Doc/library/select.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/select.rst
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ Kqueue Objects
 Kevent Objects
 --------------
 
-https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kqueue&sektion=2
+https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kqueue&sektion=2
 
 .. attribute:: kevent.ident
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/ssl.rst b/Doc/library/ssl.rst
index 4b60b7c..18a6c5a 100644
--- a/Doc/library/ssl.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/ssl.rst
@@ -1719,7 +1719,7 @@ to speed up repeated connections from the same clients.
    .. versionadded:: 3.3
 
    .. seealso::
-      `SSL/TLS & Perfect Forward Secrecy <https://vincent.bernat.im/en/blog/2011-ssl-perfect-forward-secrecy>`_
+      `SSL/TLS & Perfect Forward Secrecy <https://vincent.bernat.ch/en/blog/2011-ssl-perfect-forward-secrecy>`_
          Vincent Bernat.
 
 .. method:: SSLContext.wrap_socket(sock, server_side=False, \
diff --git a/Doc/library/statistics.rst b/Doc/library/statistics.rst
index f934b0e..395b324 100644
--- a/Doc/library/statistics.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/statistics.rst
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ This module provides functions for calculating mathematical statistics of
 numeric (:class:`~numbers.Real`-valued) data.
 
 The module is not intended to be a competitor to third-party libraries such
-as `NumPy <https://numpy.org>`_, `SciPy <https://www.scipy.org/>`_, or
+as `NumPy <https://numpy.org>`_, `SciPy <https://scipy.org/>`_, or
 proprietary full-featured statistics packages aimed at professional
 statisticians such as Minitab, SAS and Matlab. It is aimed at the level of
 graphing and scientific calculators.
diff --git a/Doc/library/struct.rst b/Doc/library/struct.rst
index 9c0e32b..78fd6e3 100644
--- a/Doc/library/struct.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/struct.rst
@@ -602,4 +602,4 @@ The :mod:`struct` module also defines the following type:
 
 .. _ieee 754 standard: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_754-2008_revision
 
-.. _IETF RFC 1700: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1700
+.. _IETF RFC 1700: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1700
diff --git a/Doc/library/sys.rst b/Doc/library/sys.rst
index 7c0e851..95ad243 100644
--- a/Doc/library/sys.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/sys.rst
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ always available.
    additional garbage collector overhead if the object is managed by the garbage
    collector.
 
-   See `recursive sizeof recipe <https://code.activestate.com/recipes/577504>`_
+   See `recursive sizeof recipe <https://code.activestate.com/recipes/577504/>`_
    for an example of using :func:`getsizeof` recursively to find the size of
    containers and all their contents.
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/unittest.mock-examples.rst b/Doc/library/unittest.mock-examples.rst
index f9a207b..895b9f9 100644
--- a/Doc/library/unittest.mock-examples.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/unittest.mock-examples.rst
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ subclass.
 Sometimes this is inconvenient. For example, `one user
 <https://code.google.com/archive/p/mock/issues/105>`_ is subclassing mock to
 created a `Twisted adaptor
-<https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/11.0.0/api/twisted.python.components.html>`_.
+<https://twisted.org/documents/11.0.0/api/twisted.python.components.html>`_.
 Having this applied to attributes too actually causes errors.
 
 ``Mock`` (in all its flavours) uses a method called ``_get_child_mock`` to create
diff --git a/Doc/library/unittest.rst b/Doc/library/unittest.rst
index c70153d..b26e6c0 100644
--- a/Doc/library/unittest.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/unittest.rst
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ test runner
    a GUI tool for test discovery and execution.  This is intended largely for ease of use
    for those new to unit testing.  For production environments it is
    recommended that tests be driven by a continuous integration system such as
-   `Buildbot <https://buildbot.net/>`_, `Jenkins <https://jenkins.io/>`_,
+   `Buildbot <https://buildbot.net/>`_, `Jenkins <https://www.jenkins.io/>`_,
    `GitHub Actions <https://github.com/features/actions>`_, or
    `AppVeyor <https://www.appveyor.com/>`_.
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/xmlrpc.client.rst b/Doc/library/xmlrpc.client.rst
index bd2c49a..146c4fd 100644
--- a/Doc/library/xmlrpc.client.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/xmlrpc.client.rst
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ between conformable Python objects and XML on the wire.
 
 .. seealso::
 
-   `XML-RPC HOWTO <https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/XML-RPC-HOWTO/index.html>`_
+   `XML-RPC HOWTO <https://tldp.org/HOWTO/XML-RPC-HOWTO/index.html>`_
       A good description of XML-RPC operation and client software in several languages.
       Contains pretty much everything an XML-RPC client developer needs to know.
 
diff --git a/Doc/library/zipfile.rst b/Doc/library/zipfile.rst
index 6f4826c..45f3d34 100644
--- a/Doc/library/zipfile.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/zipfile.rst
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ The module defines the following items:
       Documentation on the ZIP file format by Phil Katz, the creator of the format and
       algorithms used.
 
-   `Info-ZIP Home Page <http://www.info-zip.org/>`_
+   `Info-ZIP Home Page <https://infozip.sourceforge.net/>`_
       Information about the Info-ZIP project's ZIP archive programs and development
       libraries.
 
diff --git a/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst b/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst
index 55431f1..c35bf40 100644
--- a/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst
+++ b/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst
@@ -1564,7 +1564,7 @@ Basic customization
       This is intended to provide protection against a denial-of-service caused
       by carefully chosen inputs that exploit the worst case performance of a
       dict insertion, O(n\ :sup:`2`) complexity.  See
-      http://www.ocert.org/advisories/ocert-2011-003.html for details.
+      http://ocert.org/advisories/ocert-2011-003.html for details.
 
       Changing hash values affects the iteration order of sets.
       Python has never made guarantees about this ordering
diff --git a/Doc/reference/introduction.rst b/Doc/reference/introduction.rst
index 914a115..81f0a5c 100644
--- a/Doc/reference/introduction.rst
+++ b/Doc/reference/introduction.rst
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ PyPy
    and a Just in Time compiler. One of the goals of the project is to encourage
    experimentation with the language itself by making it easier to modify the
    interpreter (since it is written in Python).  Additional information is
-   available on `the PyPy project's home page <https://pypy.org/>`_.
+   available on `the PyPy project's home page <https://www.pypy.org/>`_.
 
 Each of these implementations varies in some way from the language as documented
 in this manual, or introduces specific information beyond what's covered in the
diff --git a/Doc/using/cmdline.rst b/Doc/using/cmdline.rst
index b35e845..9d4042c 100644
--- a/Doc/using/cmdline.rst
+++ b/Doc/using/cmdline.rst
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ Miscellaneous options
    Hash randomization is intended to provide protection against a
    denial-of-service caused by carefully chosen inputs that exploit the worst
    case performance of a dict construction, O(n\ :sup:`2`) complexity.  See
-   http://www.ocert.org/advisories/ocert-2011-003.html for details.
+   http://ocert.org/advisories/ocert-2011-003.html for details.
 
    :envvar:`PYTHONHASHSEED` allows you to set a fixed value for the hash
    seed secret.
diff --git a/Doc/using/mac.rst b/Doc/using/mac.rst
index 9ae0270..69cd5c9 100644
--- a/Doc/using/mac.rst
+++ b/Doc/using/mac.rst
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ number of standard Unix command line editors, :program:`vim` and
 :program:`BBEdit` or :program:`TextWrangler` from Bare Bones Software (see
 http://www.barebones.com/products/bbedit/index.html) are good choices, as is
 :program:`TextMate` (see https://macromates.com/). Other editors include
-:program:`Gvim` (https://macvim-dev.github.io/macvim/) and :program:`Aquamacs`
+:program:`Gvim` (https://macvim.org/macvim/) and :program:`Aquamacs`
 (http://aquamacs.org/).
 
 To run your script from the Terminal window you must make sure that
diff --git a/Doc/using/windows.rst b/Doc/using/windows.rst
index 380950e..43e3c72 100644
--- a/Doc/using/windows.rst
+++ b/Doc/using/windows.rst
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ Besides the standard CPython distribution, there are modified packages including
 additional functionality.  The following is a list of popular versions and their
 key features:
 
-`ActivePython <https://www.activestate.com/activepython/>`_
+`ActivePython <https://www.activestate.com/products/python/>`_
     Installer with multi-platform compatibility, documentation, PyWin32
 
 `Anaconda <https://www.anaconda.com/download/>`_
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.0.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.0.rst
index 4bcb2ac..0eefefd 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.0.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.0.rst
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ using it::
    parser.parse( 'hamlet.xml' )
 
 For more information, consult the Python documentation, or the XML HOWTO at
-http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/topics/howto/xml-howto.html.
+https://pyxml.sourceforge.net/topics/howto/xml-howto.html.
 
 
 DOM Support
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.1.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.1.rst
index 0136de5..676da70 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.1.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.1.rst
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ New and Improved Modules
   framework based on running embedded examples in docstrings and comparing the
   results against the expected output.  PyUnit, contributed by Steve Purcell, is a
   unit testing framework inspired by JUnit, which was in turn an adaptation of
-  Kent Beck's Smalltalk testing framework.  See http://pyunit.sourceforge.net/ for
+  Kent Beck's Smalltalk testing framework.  See https://pyunit.sourceforge.net/ for
   more information about PyUnit.
 
 * The :mod:`difflib` module contains a class, :class:`SequenceMatcher`, which
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.2.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.2.rst
index 0c3bfda..82aff0b 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.2.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.2.rst
@@ -632,10 +632,10 @@ queen threatens another) and the Knight's Tour (a route that takes a knight to
 every square of an $NxN$ chessboard without visiting any square twice).
 
 The idea of generators comes from other programming languages, especially Icon
-(https://www.cs.arizona.edu/icon/), where the idea of generators is central.  In
+(https://www2.cs.arizona.edu/icon/), where the idea of generators is central.  In
 Icon, every expression and function call behaves like a generator.  One example
 from "An Overview of the Icon Programming Language" at
-https://www.cs.arizona.edu/icon/docs/ipd266.htm gives an idea of what this looks
+https://www2.cs.arizona.edu/icon/docs/ipd266.htm gives an idea of what this looks
 like::
 
    sentence := "Store it in the neighboring harbor"
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.3.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.3.rst
index c6e2003..af489d7 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.3.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.3.rst
@@ -218,10 +218,10 @@ queen threatens another) and the Knight's Tour (a route that takes a knight to
 every square of an $NxN$ chessboard without visiting any square twice).
 
 The idea of generators comes from other programming languages, especially Icon
-(https://www.cs.arizona.edu/icon/), where the idea of generators is central.  In
+(https://www2.cs.arizona.edu/icon/), where the idea of generators is central.  In
 Icon, every expression and function call behaves like a generator.  One example
 from "An Overview of the Icon Programming Language" at
-https://www.cs.arizona.edu/icon/docs/ipd266.htm gives an idea of what this looks
+https://www2.cs.arizona.edu/icon/docs/ipd266.htm gives an idea of what this looks
 like::
 
    sentence := "Store it in the neighboring harbor"
@@ -1332,7 +1332,7 @@ complete list of changes, or look through the CVS logs for all the details.
   (Contributed by Kevin O'Connor.)
 
 * The IDLE integrated development environment has been updated using the code
-  from the IDLEfork project (http://idlefork.sourceforge.net).  The most notable feature is
+  from the IDLEfork project (https://idlefork.sourceforge.net).  The most notable feature is
   that the code being developed is now executed in a subprocess, meaning that
   there's no longer any need for manual ``reload()`` operations. IDLE's core code
   has been incorporated into the standard library as the :mod:`idlelib` package.
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst
index 63e8198..98dc83f 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ API that perform ASCII-only conversions, ignoring the locale setting:
   :c:expr:`double` to an ASCII string.
 
 The code for these functions came from the GLib library
-(https://developer.gnome.org/glib/stable/), whose developers kindly
+(https://developer-old.gnome.org/glib/2.26/), whose developers kindly
 relicensed the relevant functions and donated them to the Python Software
 Foundation.  The :mod:`locale` module  can now change the numeric locale,
 letting extensions such as GTK+  produce the correct results.
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
index 4ee2aac..84bb651 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
@@ -1433,7 +1433,7 @@ one, :func:`math.trunc`, that's been backported to Python 2.6.
 
    `Scheme's numerical tower <https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/manual/html_node/Numerical-Tower.html#Numerical-Tower>`__, from the Guile manual.
 
-   `Scheme's number datatypes <https://schemers.org/Documents/Standards/R5RS/HTML/r5rs-Z-H-9.html#%_sec_6.2>`__ from the R5RS Scheme specification.
+   `Scheme's number datatypes <https://conservatory.scheme.org/schemers/Documents/Standards/R5RS/HTML/r5rs-Z-H-9.html#%_sec_6.2>`__ from the R5RS Scheme specification.
 
 
 The :mod:`fractions` Module
@@ -2363,7 +2363,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
   negotiation itself.  (Patch contributed by Bill Fenner;
   :issue:`829951`.)
 
-* The :mod:`socket` module now supports TIPC (http://tipc.sourceforge.net/),
+* The :mod:`socket` module now supports TIPC (https://tipc.sourceforge.net/),
   a high-performance non-IP-based protocol designed for use in clustered
   environments.  TIPC addresses are 4- or 5-tuples.
   (Contributed by Alberto Bertogli; :issue:`1646`.)
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst
index 687719a..6b591d5 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ The copy of the :ref:`launcher` included with Python 3.11 has been significantly
 updated. It now supports company/tag syntax as defined in :pep:`514` using the
 ``-V:<company>/<tag>`` argument instead of the limited ``-<major>.<minor>``.
 This allows launching distributions other than ``PythonCore``,
-the one hosted on `python.org <https://python.org>`_.
+the one hosted on `python.org <https://www.python.org>`_.
 
 When using ``-V:`` selectors, either company or tag can be omitted, but all
 installs will be searched. For example, ``-V:OtherPython/`` will select the
@@ -2481,7 +2481,7 @@ Porting to Python 3.11
       #endif
 
   Or use the `pythoncapi_compat project
-  <https://github.com/python/pythoncapi_compat>`__ to get these two
+  <https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat>`__ to get these two
   functions on older Python versions.
 
 * Changes of the :c:type:`PyThreadState` structure members:
@@ -2533,8 +2533,8 @@ Porting to Python 3.11
       }
       #endif
 
-  Or use `the pythoncapi_compat project
-  <https://github.com/python/pythoncapi_compat>`__ to get these functions
+  Or use `the pythoncapi-compat project
+  <https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat>`__ to get these functions
   on old Python functions.
 
 * Distributors are encouraged to build Python with the optimized Blake2
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst
index 1b1455b..8dbe2a1 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst
@@ -785,8 +785,8 @@ functools
 
   (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and incorporating design ideas from Jim
   Baker, Miki Tebeka, and Nick Coghlan; see `recipe 498245
-  <https://code.activestate.com/recipes/498245>`_\, `recipe 577479
-  <https://code.activestate.com/recipes/577479>`_\, :issue:`10586`, and
+  <https://code.activestate.com/recipes/498245/>`_\, `recipe 577479
+  <https://code.activestate.com/recipes/577479/>`_\, :issue:`10586`, and
   :issue:`10593`.)
 
 * The :func:`functools.wraps` decorator now adds a :attr:`__wrapped__` attribute
@@ -2603,7 +2603,7 @@ Also, there were a number of updates to the Mac OS X build, see
 for details.  For users running a 32/64-bit
 build, there is a known problem with the default Tcl/Tk on Mac OS X 10.6.
 Accordingly, we recommend installing an updated alternative such as
-`ActiveState Tcl/Tk 8.5.9 <https://www.activestate.com/activetcl/downloads>`_\.
+`ActiveState Tcl/Tk 8.5.9 <https://web.archive.org/web/20101208191259/https://www.activestate.com/activetcl/downloads>`_\.
 See https://www.python.org/download/mac/tcltk/ for additional details.
 
 Porting to Python 3.2
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst
index 9e8d424..5b6c3dc 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst
@@ -1893,7 +1893,7 @@ socket
 
 * The :class:`~socket.socket` class now supports the PF_RDS protocol family
   (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliable_Datagram_Sockets and
-  https://oss.oracle.com/projects/rds/).
+  `https://oss.oracle.com/projects/rds <https://web.archive.org/web/20130115155505/https://oss.oracle.com/projects/rds/>`__).
 
 * The :class:`~socket.socket` class now supports the ``PF_SYSTEM`` protocol
   family on OS X.  (Contributed by Michael Goderbauer in :issue:`13777`.)
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst
index f872579..14b6425 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ are declared in the annotations::
 While these annotations are available at runtime through the usual
 :attr:`__annotations__` attribute, *no automatic type checking happens at
 runtime*.  Instead, it is assumed that a separate off-line type checker
-(e.g. `mypy <http://mypy-lang.org>`_) will be used for on-demand
+(e.g. `mypy <https://mypy-lang.org>`_) will be used for on-demand
 source code analysis.
 
 The type system supports unions, generic types, and a special type
@@ -2212,7 +2212,7 @@ for details.)
 The :c:member:`PyTypeObject.tp_finalize` slot is now part of the stable ABI.
 
 Windows builds now require Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0, which
-is available as part of `Visual Studio 2015 <https://www.visualstudio.com/>`_.
+is available as part of `Visual Studio 2015 <https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/en/vs/older-downloads/#visual-studio-2015-and-other-products>`_.
 
 Extension modules now include a platform information tag in their filename on
 some platforms (the tag is optional, and CPython will import extensions without
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst
index e4294c8..c7faaeb 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ and the ``__annotations__`` attribute.
       and Guido van Rossum. Implemented by Ivan Levkivskyi.
 
    Tools that use or will use the new syntax:
-   `mypy <http://www.mypy-lang.org/>`_,
+   `mypy <https://www.mypy-lang.org/>`_,
    `pytype <https://github.com/google/pytype>`_, PyCharm, etc.
 
 
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst
index 37a6cf2..85e088b 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst
@@ -2229,7 +2229,7 @@ The benchmarks were measured on an
 `Intel® Core™ i7-4960HQ processor
 <https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/76088/intel-core-i7-4960hq-processor-6m-cache-up-to-3-80-ghz.html>`_
 running the macOS 64-bit builds found at
-`python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/mac-osx/>`_.
+`python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/macos/>`_.
 The benchmark script displays timings in nanoseconds.
 
 
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.9.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.9.rst
index e974ee3..fd86db9 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.9.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.9.rst
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ in nanoseconds.  The benchmarks were measured on an
 `Intel® Core™ i7-4960HQ processor
 <https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/76088/intel-core-i7-4960hq-processor-6m-cache-up-to-3-80-ghz.html>`_
 running the macOS 64-bit builds found at
-`python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/mac-osx/>`_.
+`python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/macos/>`_.
 
 
 Deprecated
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/3.7.0a1.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/3.7.0a1.rst
index 9bada1b..ef93454 100644
--- a/Misc/NEWS.d/3.7.0a1.rst
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/3.7.0a1.rst
@@ -6255,7 +6255,7 @@ Fix python-gdb.py didn't support new dict implementation.
 .. section: Tools/Demos
 
 The pybench and pystone microbenchmark have been removed from Tools. Please
-use the new Python benchmark suite https://github.com/python/performance
+use the new Python benchmark suite https://github.com/python/pyperformance
 which is more reliable and includes a portable version of pybench working on
 Python 2 and Python 3.