gh-108740: Fix "make regen-all" race condition (#108741)

Fix a race condition in "make regen-all". The deepfreeze.c source and
files generated by Argument Clinic are now generated or updated
before generating "global objects". Previously, some identifiers may
miss depending on the order in which these files were generated.

* "make regen-global-objects": Make sure that deepfreeze.c is
  generated and up to date, and always run "make clinic".
* "make clinic" no longer runs generate_global_objects.py script.
* "make regen-deepfreeze" now only updates deepfreeze.c (C file).
  It doesn't build deepfreeze.o (object) anymore.
* Remove misleading messages in "make regen-global-objects" and
  "make clinic". They are now outdated, these commands are now
  safe to use.
* Document generates files in Doc/using/configure.rst.

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>

4 files changed, 38 insertions, 10 deletions

diff --git a/Doc/using/configure.rst b/Doc/using/configure.rst
index ad58255..ba1898e 100644
--- a/Doc/using/configure.rst
+++ b/Doc/using/configure.rst
@@ -60,6 +60,29 @@ See also :pep:`7` "Style Guide for C Code" and :pep:`11` "CPython platform
 support".
 
 
+Generated files
+===============
+
+To reduce build dependencies, Python source code contains multiple generated
+files. Commands to regenerate all generated files::
+
+    make regen-all
+    make regen-stdlib-module-names
+    make regen-limited-abi
+    make regen-configure
+
+The ``Makefile.pre.in`` file documents generated files, their inputs, and tools used
+to regenerate them. Search for ``regen-*`` make targets.
+
+The ``make regen-configure`` command runs `tiran/cpython_autoconf
+<https://github.com/tiran/cpython_autoconf>`_ container for reproducible build;
+see container ``entry.sh`` script. The container is optional, the following
+command can be run locally, the generated files depend on autoconf and aclocal
+versions::
+
+    autoreconf -ivf -Werror
+
+
 .. _configure-options:
 
 Configure Options
diff --git a/Makefile.pre.in b/Makefile.pre.in
index cf77cbd..aa3eaab 100644
--- a/Makefile.pre.in
+++ b/Makefile.pre.in
@@ -490,6 +490,7 @@ OBJECT_OBJS=	\
 		Objects/weakrefobject.o \
 		@PERF_TRAMPOLINE_OBJ@
 
+DEEPFREEZE_C = Python/deepfreeze/deepfreeze.c
 DEEPFREEZE_OBJS = Python/deepfreeze/deepfreeze.o
 
 ##########################################################################
@@ -777,7 +778,6 @@ coverage-report: regen-token regen-frozen
 .PHONY: clinic
 clinic: check-clean-src $(srcdir)/Modules/_blake2/blake2s_impl.c
 	$(PYTHON_FOR_REGEN) $(srcdir)/Tools/clinic/clinic.py --make --exclude Lib/test/clinic.test.c --srcdir $(srcdir)
-	$(PYTHON_FOR_REGEN) $(srcdir)/Tools/build/generate_global_objects.py
 
 .PHONY: clinic-tests
 clinic-tests: check-clean-src $(srcdir)/Lib/test/clinic.test.c
@@ -1252,12 +1252,12 @@ regen-frozen: Tools/build/freeze_modules.py $(FROZEN_FILES_IN)
 # Deepfreeze targets
 
 .PHONY: regen-deepfreeze
-regen-deepfreeze: $(DEEPFREEZE_OBJS)
+regen-deepfreeze: $(DEEPFREEZE_C)
 
 DEEPFREEZE_DEPS=$(srcdir)/Tools/build/deepfreeze.py Include/internal/pycore_global_strings.h $(FREEZE_MODULE_DEPS) $(FROZEN_FILES_OUT)
 
 # BEGIN: deepfreeze modules
-Python/deepfreeze/deepfreeze.c: $(DEEPFREEZE_DEPS)
+$(DEEPFREEZE_C): $(DEEPFREEZE_DEPS)
 	$(PYTHON_FOR_FREEZE) $(srcdir)/Tools/build/deepfreeze.py \
 	Python/frozen_modules/importlib._bootstrap.h:importlib._bootstrap \
 	Python/frozen_modules/importlib._bootstrap_external.h:importlib._bootstrap_external \
@@ -1284,8 +1284,6 @@ Python/deepfreeze/deepfreeze.c: $(DEEPFREEZE_DEPS)
 	Python/frozen_modules/frozen_only.h:frozen_only \
 	-o Python/deepfreeze/deepfreeze.c
 # END: deepfreeze modules
-	@echo "Note: Deepfreeze may have added some global objects,"
-	@echo "      so run 'make regen-global-objects' if necessary."
 
 # We keep this renamed target around for folks with muscle memory.
 .PHONY: regen-importlib
@@ -1294,11 +1292,12 @@ regen-importlib: regen-frozen
 ############################################################################
 # Global objects
 
+# Dependencies which can add and/or remove _Py_ID() identifiers:
+# - deepfreeze.c
+# - "make clinic"
 .PHONY: regen-global-objects
-regen-global-objects: $(srcdir)/Tools/build/generate_global_objects.py
+regen-global-objects: $(srcdir)/Tools/build/generate_global_objects.py $(DEEPFREEZE_C) clinic
 	$(PYTHON_FOR_REGEN) $(srcdir)/Tools/build/generate_global_objects.py
-	@echo "Note: Global objects can be added or removed by other tools (e.g. deepfreeze), "
-	@echo "      so be sure to re-run regen-global-objects after those tools."
 
 ############################################################################
 # ABI
@@ -1320,9 +1319,10 @@ regen-limited-abi: all
 ############################################################################
 # Regenerate all generated files
 
+# "clinic" is regenerated implicitly via "regen-global-objects".
 .PHONY: regen-all
 regen-all: regen-cases regen-typeslots \
-	regen-token regen-ast regen-keyword regen-sre regen-frozen clinic \
+	regen-token regen-ast regen-keyword regen-sre regen-frozen \
 	regen-pegen-metaparser regen-pegen regen-test-frozenmain \
 	regen-test-levenshtein regen-global-objects
 	@echo
@@ -2597,6 +2597,7 @@ recheck:
 autoconf:
 	(cd $(srcdir); autoreconf -ivf -Werror)
 
+# See https://github.com/tiran/cpython_autoconf container
 .PHONY: regen-configure
 regen-configure:
 	@if command -v podman >/dev/null; then RUNTIME="podman"; else RUNTIME="docker"; fi; \
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Build/2023-09-01-01-39-26.gh-issue-108740.JHExAQ.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Build/2023-09-01-01-39-26.gh-issue-108740.JHExAQ.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..190d503
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Build/2023-09-01-01-39-26.gh-issue-108740.JHExAQ.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Fix a race condition in ``make regen-all``. The ``deepfreeze.c`` source and
+files generated by Argument Clinic are now generated or updated before
+generating "global objects". Previously, some identifiers may miss depending
+on the order in which these files were generated. Patch by Victor Stinner.
diff --git a/Tools/build/freeze_modules.py b/Tools/build/freeze_modules.py
index ee4dd2f..1220097 100644
--- a/Tools/build/freeze_modules.py
+++ b/Tools/build/freeze_modules.py
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ def regen_makefile(modules):
     pyfiles = []
     frozenfiles = []
     rules = ['']
-    deepfreezerules = ["Python/deepfreeze/deepfreeze.c: $(DEEPFREEZE_DEPS)",
+    deepfreezerules = ["$(DEEPFREEZE_C): $(DEEPFREEZE_DEPS)",
                        "\t$(PYTHON_FOR_FREEZE) $(srcdir)/Tools/build/deepfreeze.py \\"]
     for src in _iter_sources(modules):
         frozen_header = relpath_for_posix_display(src.frozenfile, ROOT_DIR)