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authorGeorg Brandl <georg@python.org>2007-08-15 14:28:01 (GMT)
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+
+:mod:`pipes` --- Interface to shell pipelines
+=============================================
+
+.. module:: pipes
+ :platform: Unix
+ :synopsis: A Python interface to Unix shell pipelines.
+.. sectionauthor:: Moshe Zadka <moshez@zadka.site.co.il>
+
+
+The :mod:`pipes` module defines a class to abstract the concept of a *pipeline*
+--- a sequence of converters from one file to another.
+
+Because the module uses :program:`/bin/sh` command lines, a POSIX or compatible
+shell for :func:`os.system` and :func:`os.popen` is required.
+
+The :mod:`pipes` module defines the following class:
+
+
+.. class:: Template()
+
+ An abstraction of a pipeline.
+
+Example::
+
+ >>> import pipes
+ >>> t=pipes.Template()
+ >>> t.append('tr a-z A-Z', '--')
+ >>> f=t.open('/tmp/1', 'w')
+ >>> f.write('hello world')
+ >>> f.close()
+ >>> open('/tmp/1').read()
+ 'HELLO WORLD'
+
+
+.. _template-objects:
+
+Template Objects
+----------------
+
+Template objects following methods:
+
+
+.. method:: Template.reset()
+
+ Restore a pipeline template to its initial state.
+
+
+.. method:: Template.clone()
+
+ Return a new, equivalent, pipeline template.
+
+
+.. method:: Template.debug(flag)
+
+ If *flag* is true, turn debugging on. Otherwise, turn debugging off. When
+ debugging is on, commands to be executed are printed, and the shell is given
+ ``set -x`` command to be more verbose.
+
+
+.. method:: Template.append(cmd, kind)
+
+ Append a new action at the end. The *cmd* variable must be a valid bourne shell
+ command. The *kind* variable consists of two letters.
+
+ The first letter can be either of ``'-'`` (which means the command reads its
+ standard input), ``'f'`` (which means the commands reads a given file on the
+ command line) or ``'.'`` (which means the commands reads no input, and hence
+ must be first.)
+
+ Similarly, the second letter can be either of ``'-'`` (which means the command
+ writes to standard output), ``'f'`` (which means the command writes a file on
+ the command line) or ``'.'`` (which means the command does not write anything,
+ and hence must be last.)
+
+
+.. method:: Template.prepend(cmd, kind)
+
+ Add a new action at the beginning. See :meth:`append` for explanations of the
+ arguments.
+
+
+.. method:: Template.open(file, mode)
+
+ Return a file-like object, open to *file*, but read from or written to by the
+ pipeline. Note that only one of ``'r'``, ``'w'`` may be given.
+
+
+.. method:: Template.copy(infile, outfile)
+
+ Copy *infile* to *outfile* through the pipe.
+