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author | Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org> | 1994-01-02 01:22:07 (GMT) |
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committer | Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org> | 1994-01-02 01:22:07 (GMT) |
commit | 5fdeeeae2a12b9956cc84d62eae82f72cabc8664 (patch) | |
tree | ac0053479e10099850c8e0d06e31cb3afbf632bb /Doc/libsys.tex | |
parent | 0b0719866e8a32d0a787e73bca9e79df1d1a74f8 (diff) | |
download | cpython-5fdeeeae2a12b9956cc84d62eae82f72cabc8664.zip cpython-5fdeeeae2a12b9956cc84d62eae82f72cabc8664.tar.gz cpython-5fdeeeae2a12b9956cc84d62eae82f72cabc8664.tar.bz2 |
Restructured library documentation
Diffstat (limited to 'Doc/libsys.tex')
-rw-r--r-- | Doc/libsys.tex | 129 |
1 files changed, 129 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/libsys.tex b/Doc/libsys.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ba6b896 --- /dev/null +++ b/Doc/libsys.tex @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ +\section{Built-in Module \sectcode{sys}} + +\bimodindex{sys} +This module provides access to some variables used or maintained by the +interpreter and to functions that interact strongly with the interpreter. +It is always available. + +\renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(in module sys)} +\begin{datadesc}{argv} + The list of command line arguments passed to a Python script. + \code{sys.argv[0]} is the script name. + If no script name was passed to the Python interpreter, + \code{sys.argv} is empty. +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{datadesc}{builtin_module_names} + A list of strings giving the names of all modules that are compiled + into this Python interpreter. (This information is not available in + any other way --- \code{sys.modules.keys()} only lists the imported + modules.) +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{datadesc}{exc_type} +\dataline{exc_value} +\dataline{exc_traceback} + These three variables are not always defined; they are set when an + exception handler (an \code{except} clause of a \code{try} statement) is + invoked. Their meaning is: \code{exc_type} gets the exception type of + the exception being handled; \code{exc_value} gets the exception + parameter (its \dfn{associated value} or the second argument to + \code{raise}); \code{exc_traceback} gets a traceback object which + encapsulates the call stack at the point where the exception + originally occurred. +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{funcdesc}{exit}{n} + Exit from Python with numeric exit status \var{n}. This is + implemented by raising the \code{SystemExit} exception, so cleanup + actions specified by \code{finally} clauses of \code{try} statements + are honored, and it is possible to catch the exit attempt at an outer + level. +\end{funcdesc} + +\begin{datadesc}{exitfunc} + This value is not actually defined by the module, but can be set by + the user (or by a program) to specify a clean-up action at program + exit. When set, it should be a parameterless function. This function + will be called when the interpreter exits in any way (but not when a + fatal error occurs: in that case the interpreter's internal state + cannot be trusted). +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{datadesc}{last_type} +\dataline{last_value} +\dataline{last_traceback} + These three variables are not always defined; they are set when an + exception is not handled and the interpreter prints an error message + and a stack traceback. Their intended use is to allow an interactive + user to import a debugger module and engage in post-mortem debugging + without having to re-execute the command that cause the error (which + may be hard to reproduce). The meaning of the variables is the same + as that of \code{exc_type}, \code{exc_value} and \code{exc_tracaback}, + respectively. +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{datadesc}{modules} + Gives the list of modules that have already been loaded. + This can be manipulated to force reloading of modules and other tricks. +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{datadesc}{path} + A list of strings that specifies the search path for modules. + Initialized from the environment variable \code{PYTHONPATH}, or an + installation-dependent default. +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{datadesc}{ps1} +\dataline{ps2} + Strings specifying the primary and secondary prompt of the + interpreter. These are only defined if the interpreter is in + interactive mode. Their initial values in this case are + \code{'>>> '} and \code{'... '}. +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{funcdesc}{settrace}{tracefunc} + Set the system's trace function, which allows you to implement a + Python source code debugger in Python. The standard modules + \code{pdb} and \code{wdb} are such debuggers; the difference is that + \code{wdb} uses windows and needs STDWIN, while \code{pdb} has a + line-oriented interface not unlike dbx. See the file \file{pdb.doc} + in the Python library source directory for more documentation (both + about \code{pdb} and \code{sys.trace}). +\end{funcdesc} +\ttindex{pdb} +\ttindex{wdb} +\index{trace function} + +\begin{funcdesc}{setprofile}{profilefunc} + Set the system's profile function, which allows you to implement a + Python source code profiler in Python. The system's profile function + is called similarly to the system's trace function (see + \code{sys.settrace}), but it isn't called for each executed line of + code (only on call and return and when an exception occurs). Also, + its return value is not used, so it can just return \code{None}. +\end{funcdesc} +\index{profile function} + +\begin{datadesc}{stdin} +\dataline{stdout} +\dataline{stderr} + File objects corresponding to the interpreter's standard input, + output and error streams. \code{sys.stdin} is used for all + interpreter input except for scripts but including calls to + \code{input()} and \code{raw_input()}. \code{sys.stdout} is used + for the output of \code{print} and expression statements and for the + prompts of \code{input()} and \code{raw_input()}. The interpreter's + own prompts and (almost all of) its error messages go to + \code{sys.stderr}. \code{sys.stdout} and \code{sys.stderr} needn't + be built-in file objects: any object is acceptable as long as it has + a \code{write} method that takes a string argument. +\end{datadesc} + +\begin{datadesc}{tracebacklimit} +When this variable is set to an integer value, it determines the +maximum number of levels of traceback information printed when an +unhandled exception occurs. The default is 1000. When set to 0 or +less, all traceback information is suppressed and only the exception +type and value are printed. +\end{datadesc} |