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author | Georg Brandl <georg@python.org> | 2007-08-15 14:27:07 (GMT) |
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committer | Georg Brandl <georg@python.org> | 2007-08-15 14:27:07 (GMT) |
commit | 739c01d47b9118d04e5722333f0e6b4d0c8bdd9e (patch) | |
tree | f82b450d291927fc1758b96d981aa0610947b529 /Doc/mac/using.tex | |
parent | 2d1649094402ef393ea2b128ba2c08c3937e6b93 (diff) | |
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diff --git a/Doc/mac/using.tex b/Doc/mac/using.tex deleted file mode 100644 index ca522c6..0000000 --- a/Doc/mac/using.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ -\chapter{Using Python on a Macintosh \label{using}} -\sectionauthor{Bob Savage}{bobsavage@mac.com} - -Python on a Macintosh running Mac OS X is in principle very similar to -Python on any other \UNIX{} platform, but there are a number of additional -features such as the IDE and the Package Manager that are worth pointing out. - -Python on Mac OS 9 or earlier can be quite different from Python on -\UNIX{} or Windows, but is beyond the scope of this manual, as that platform -is no longer supported, starting with Python 2.4. See -\url{http://www.cwi.nl/\textasciitilde jack/macpython} for installers -for the latest 2.3 release for Mac OS 9 and related documentation. - -\section{Getting and Installing MacPython \label{getting-OSX}} - -Mac OS X 10.4 comes with Python 2.3 pre-installed by Apple. However, you are -encouraged to install the most recent version of Python from the Python website -(\url{http://www.python.org}). A ``universal binary'' build of Python 2.5, which -runs natively on the Mac's new Intel and legacy PPC CPU's, is available there. - -What you get after installing is a number of things: - -\begin{itemize} -\item A \file{MacPython 2.5} folder in your \file{Applications} folder. In here - you find IDLE, the development environment that is a standard part of official - Python distributions; PythonLauncher, which handles double-clicking Python - scripts from the Finder; and the ``Build Applet'' tool, which allows you to - package Python scripts as standalone applications on your system. - -\item A framework \file{/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework}, which includes - the Python executable and libraries. The installer adds this location to your - shell path. To uninstall MacPython, you can simply remove these three - things. A symlink to the Python executable is placed in /usr/local/bin/. -\end{itemize} - -The Apple-provided build of Python is installed in -\file{/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework} and \file{/usr/bin/python}, -respectively. You should never modify or delete these, as they are -Apple-controlled and are used by Apple- or third-party software. - -IDLE includes a help menu that allows you to access Python documentation. If you -are completely new to Python you should start reading the tutorial introduction -in that document. - -If you are familiar with Python on other \UNIX{} platforms you should read the -section on running Python scripts from the \UNIX{} shell. - - -\subsection{How to run a Python script} - -Your best way to get started with Python on Mac OS X is through the IDLE -integrated development environment, see section \ref{IDE} and use the Help menu -when the IDE is running. - -If you want to run Python scripts from the Terminal window command line or from -the Finder you first need an editor to create your script. Mac OS X comes with a -number of standard \UNIX{} command line editors, \program{vim} and -\program{emacs} among them. If you want a more Mac-like editor, \program{BBEdit} -or \program{TextWrangler} from Bare Bones Software (see -\url{http://www.barebones.com/products/bbedit/index.shtml}) are good choices, as -is \program{TextMate} (see \url{http://macromates.com/}). Other editors include -\program{Gvim} (\url{http://macvim.org}) and \program{Aquamacs} -(\url{http://aquamacs.org}). - -To run your script from the Terminal window you must make sure that -\file{/usr/local/bin} is in your shell search path. - -To run your script from the Finder you have two options: - -\begin{itemize} -\item Drag it to \program{PythonLauncher} -\item Select \program{PythonLauncher} as the default application to open your - script (or any .py script) through the finder Info window and double-click it. - \program{PythonLauncher} has various preferences to control how your script is - launched. Option-dragging allows you to change these for one invocation, or - use its Preferences menu to change things globally. -\end{itemize} - - -\subsection{Running scripts with a GUI \label{osx-gui-scripts}} - -With older versions of Python, there is one Mac OS X quirk that you need to be -aware of: programs that talk to the Aqua window manager (in other words, -anything that has a GUI) need to be run in a special way. Use \program{pythonw} -instead of \program{python} to start such scripts. - -With Python 2.5, you can use either \program{python} or \program{pythonw}. - -\subsection{Configuration} - -Python on OS X honors all standard \UNIX{} environment variables such as -\envvar{PYTHONPATH}, but setting these variables for programs started from the -Finder is non-standard as the Finder does not read your \file{.profile} or -\file{.cshrc} at startup. You need to create a file \file{\textasciitilde - /.MacOSX/environment.plist}. See Apple's Technical Document QA1067 for -details. - -For more information on installation Python packages in MacPython, see section -\ref{mac-package-manager}, ``Installing Additional Python Packages.'' - - -\section{The IDE\label{IDE}} - -MacPython ships with the standard IDLE development environment. A good -introduction to using IDLE can be found at -\url{http://hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu/~dyoo/python/idle_intro/index.html}. - - -\section{Installing Additional Python Packages \label{mac-package-manager}} - -There are several methods to install additional Python packages: - -\begin{itemize} -\item \url{http://pythonmac.org/packages/} contains selected compiled packages - for Python 2.5, 2.4, and 2.3. -\item Packages can be installed via the standard Python distutils mode - (\samp{python setup.py install}). -\item Many packages can also be installed via the \program{setuptools} - extension. -\end{itemize} - - -\section{GUI Programming on the Mac} - -There are several options for building GUI applications on the Mac with Python. - -\emph{PyObjC} is a Python binding to Apple's Objective-C/Cocoa framework, which -is the foundation of most modern Mac development. Information on PyObjC is -available from \url{http://pybojc.sourceforge.net}. - -The standard Python GUI toolkit is \module{Tkinter}, based on the cross-platform -Tk toolkit (\url{http://www.tcl.tk}). An Aqua-native version of Tk is bundled -with OS X by Apple, and the latest version can be downloaded and installed from -\url{http://www.activestate.com}; it can also be built from source. - -\emph{wxPython} is another popular cross-platform GUI toolkit that runs natively -on Mac OS X. Packages and documentation are available from -\url{http://www.wxpython.org}. - -\emph{PyQt} is another popular cross-platform GUI toolkit that runs natively on -Mac OS X. More information can be found at -\url{http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/pyqt/}. - - -\section{Distributing Python Applications on the Mac} - -The ``Build Applet'' tool that is placed in the MacPython 2.5 folder is fine for -packaging small Python scripts on your own machine to run as a standard Mac -application. This tool, however, is not robust enough to distribute Python -applications to other users. - -The standard tool for deploying standalone Python applications on the Mac is -\program{py2app}. More information on installing and using py2app can be found -at \url{http://undefined.org/python/\#py2app}. - -\section{Application Scripting} - -Python can also be used to script other Mac applications via Apple's Open -Scripting Architecture (OSA); see -\url{http://appscript.sourceforge.net}. Appscript is a high-level, user-friendly -Apple event bridge that allows you to control scriptable Mac OS X applications -using ordinary Python scripts. Appscript makes Python a serious alternative to -Apple's own \emph{AppleScript} language for automating your Mac. A related -package, \emph{PyOSA}, is an OSA language component for the Python scripting -language, allowing Python code to be executed by any OSA-enabled application -(Script Editor, Mail, iTunes, etc.). PyOSA makes Python a full peer to -AppleScript. - -\section{Other Resources} - -The MacPython mailing list is an excellent support resource for Python users and -developers on the Mac: - -\url{http://www.python.org/community/sigs/current/pythonmac-sig/} - -Another useful resource is the MacPython wiki: - -\url{http://wiki.python.org/moin/MacPython} |