Closes #25910: fix dead and permanently redirected links in the docs. Thanks to SilentGhost for the patch.

12 files changed, 40 insertions, 40 deletions

diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.0.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.0.rst
index 10bb29e..d857053 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.0.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.0.rst
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ Guidelines":
 Read the rest of PEP 1 for the details of the PEP editorial process, style, and
 format.  PEPs are kept in the Python CVS tree on SourceForge, though they're not
 part of the Python 2.0 distribution, and are also available in HTML form from
-https://www.python.org/peps/.  As of September 2000, there are 25 PEPS, ranging
+https://www.python.org/dev/peps/.  As of September 2000, there are 25 PEPS, ranging
 from PEP 201, "Lockstep Iteration", to PEP 225, "Elementwise/Objectwise
 Operators".
 
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ comprehension below is a syntax error, while the second one is correct::
    [ (x,y) for x in seq1 for y in seq2]
 
 The idea of list comprehensions originally comes from the functional programming
-language Haskell (http://www.haskell.org).  Greg Ewing argued most effectively
+language Haskell (https://www.haskell.org).  Greg Ewing argued most effectively
 for adding them to Python and wrote the initial list comprehension patch, which
 was then discussed for a seemingly endless time on the python-dev mailing list
 and kept up-to-date by Skip Montanaro.
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.1.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.1.rst
index 6de5bf5..2d28b4a 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.1.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.1.rst
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ You can start creating packages containing :file:`PKG-INFO` even if you're not
 using Python 2.1, since a new release of the Distutils will be made for users of
 earlier Python versions.  Version 1.0.2 of the Distutils includes the changes
 described in PEP 241, as well as various bugfixes and enhancements.  It will be
-available from  the Distutils SIG at https://www.python.org/sigs/distutils-sig/.
+available from the Distutils SIG at https://www.python.org/community/sigs/current/distutils-sig/.
 
 
 .. seealso::
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.3.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.3.rst
index 9d99074..cde028d 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.3.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.3.rst
@@ -1080,9 +1080,9 @@ Here are all of the changes that Python 2.3 makes to the core Python language.
   hierarchy.  Classic classes are unaffected by this change.  Python 2.2
   originally used a topological sort of a class's ancestors, but 2.3 now uses the
   C3 algorithm as described in the paper `"A Monotonic Superclass Linearization
-  for Dylan" <http://www.webcom.com/haahr/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html>`_. To
+  for Dylan" <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.19.3910>`_. To
   understand the motivation for this change,  read Michele Simionato's article
-  `"Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order" <https://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html>`_, or
+  `"Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order" <http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/~micheles/mro.html>`_, or
   read the thread on python-dev starting with the message at
   https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2002-October/029035.html. Samuele
   Pedroni first pointed out the problem and also implemented the fix by coding the
@@ -1306,7 +1306,7 @@ complete list of changes, or look through the CVS logs for all the details.
   partially sorted order such that, for every index *k*, ``heap[k] <=
   heap[2*k+1]`` and ``heap[k] <= heap[2*k+2]``.  This makes it quick to remove the
   smallest item, and inserting a new item while maintaining the heap property is
-  O(lg n).  (See http://www.nist.gov/dads/HTML/priorityque.html for more
+  O(lg n).  (See https://xlinux.nist.gov/dads//HTML/priorityque.html for more
   information about the priority queue data structure.)
 
   The :mod:`heapq` module provides :func:`heappush` and :func:`heappop` functions
@@ -1949,7 +1949,7 @@ The RPM spec files, found in the :file:`Misc/RPM/` directory in the Python
 source distribution, were updated for 2.3.  (Contributed by Sean Reifschneider.)
 
 Other new platforms now supported by Python include AtheOS
-(http://www.atheos.cx/), GNU/Hurd, and OpenVMS.
+(http://atheos.cx/), GNU/Hurd, and OpenVMS.
 
 .. ======================================================================
 
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst
index 569e5e9..fada04e 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ returned.
       wrote patches implementing function decorators, but the one that was actually
       checked in was patch #979728, written by Mark Russell.
 
-   https://www.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary
+   https://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary
       This Wiki page contains several examples of decorators.
 
 .. ======================================================================
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ includes a quick-start tutorial and a reference.
       The article uses Fortran code to illustrate many of the problems that floating-
       point inaccuracy can cause.
 
-   http://www2.hursley.ibm.com/decimal/
+   http://speleotrove.com/decimal/
       A description of a decimal-based representation.  This representation is being
       proposed as a standard, and underlies the new Python decimal type.  Much of this
       material was written by Mike Cowlishaw, designer of the Rexx language.
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ API that perform ASCII-only conversions, ignoring the locale setting:
   :c:type:`double` to an ASCII string.
 
 The code for these functions came from the GLib library
-(http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/stable/), whose developers kindly
+(https://developer.gnome.org/glib/stable/), whose developers kindly
 relicensed the relevant functions and donated them to the Python Software
 Foundation.  The :mod:`locale` module  can now change the numeric locale,
 letting extensions such as GTK+  produce the correct results.
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.5.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.5.rst
index cb92e08..cf5f9dc 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.5.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.5.rst
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ statement, only the ``from ... import`` form.
    :pep:`328` - Imports: Multi-Line and Absolute/Relative
       PEP written by Aahz; implemented by Thomas Wouters.
 
-   http://codespeak.net/py/current/doc/index.html
+   https://pylib.readthedocs.org/
       The py library by Holger Krekel, which contains the :mod:`py.std` package.
 
 .. ======================================================================
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ exhausted.
       Earlier versions of these features were proposed in  :pep:`288` by Raymond
       Hettinger and :pep:`325` by Samuele Pedroni.
 
-   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroutine
+   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroutine
       The Wikipedia entry for  coroutines.
 
    http://www.sidhe.org/~dan/blog/archives/000178.html
@@ -2088,7 +2088,7 @@ Changes to Python's build process and to the C API include:
   provided the results of their examination of the Python source code.  The
   analysis found about 60 bugs that  were quickly fixed.  Many of the bugs were
   refcounting problems, often occurring in error-handling code.  See
-  http://scan.coverity.com for the statistics.
+  https://scan.coverity.com for the statistics.
 
 * The largest change to the C API came from :pep:`353`, which modifies the
   interpreter to use a :c:type:`Py_ssize_t` type definition instead of
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
index e763265..7bbe09a 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
@@ -153,8 +153,8 @@ The infrastructure committee of the Python Software Foundation
 therefore posted a call for issue trackers, asking volunteers to set
 up different products and import some of the bugs and patches from
 SourceForge.  Four different trackers were examined: `Jira
-<http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/>`__,
-`Launchpad <http://www.launchpad.net>`__,
+<https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/>`__,
+`Launchpad <https://www.launchpad.net>`__,
 `Roundup <http://roundup.sourceforge.net/>`__, and
 `Trac <http://trac.edgewall.org/>`__.
 The committee eventually settled on Jira
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ the time required to finish the job.
 During the 2.6 development cycle, Georg Brandl put a lot of effort
 into building a new toolchain for processing the documentation.  The
 resulting package is called Sphinx, and is available from
-http://sphinx.pocoo.org/.
+http://sphinx-doc.org/.
 
 Sphinx concentrates on HTML output, producing attractively styled and
 modern HTML; printed output is still supported through conversion to
@@ -1796,7 +1796,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
 * The :mod:`bsddb` module also has a new maintainer, Jesús Cea Avión, and the package
   is now available as a standalone package.  The web page for the package is
   `www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm
-  <http://www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm>`__.
+  <https://www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm>`__.
   The plan is to remove the package from the standard library
   in Python 3.0, because its pace of releases is much more frequent than
   Python's.
@@ -1926,7 +1926,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
   the left to six places.  (Contributed by Skip Montanaro; :issue:`1158`.)
 
 * The :mod:`decimal` module was updated to version 1.66 of
-  `the General Decimal Specification <http://www2.hursley.ibm.com/decimal/decarith.html>`__.  New features
+  `the General Decimal Specification <http://speleotrove.com/decimal/decarith.html>`__.  New features
   include some methods for some basic mathematical functions such as
   :meth:`exp` and :meth:`log10`::
 
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst
index 3966cb4..c4322db 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
 
 * Updated module: the :mod:`bsddb` module has been updated from 4.7.2devel9
   to version 4.8.4 of
-  `the pybsddb package <http://www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm>`__.
+  `the pybsddb package <https://www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm>`__.
   The new version features better Python 3.x compatibility, various bug fixes,
   and adds several new BerkeleyDB flags and methods.
   (Updated by Jesús Cea Avión; :issue:`8156`.  The pybsddb
@@ -1513,7 +1513,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
   (Contributed by Kristján Valur Jónsson; :issue:`6192` and :issue:`6267`.)
 
 * Updated module: the :mod:`sqlite3` module has been updated to
-  version 2.6.0 of the `pysqlite package <http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/>`__. Version 2.6.0 includes a number of bugfixes, and adds
+  version 2.6.0 of the `pysqlite package <https://github.com/ghaering/pysqlite>`__. Version 2.6.0 includes a number of bugfixes, and adds
   the ability to load SQLite extensions from shared libraries.
   Call the ``enable_load_extension(True)`` method to enable extensions,
   and then call :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.load_extension` to load a particular shared library.
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst
index 9941130..f6d1a47 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ review:
   core standard library has proved over time to be a particular burden
   for the core developers due to testing instability and Berkeley DB's
   release schedule.  However, the package is alive and well,
-  externally maintained at http://www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm.
+  externally maintained at https://www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm.
 
 * Some modules were renamed because their old name disobeyed
   :pep:`0008`, or for various other reasons.  Here's the list:
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst
index 5822504..4242f22 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst
@@ -845,9 +845,9 @@ collections
 
 * The :class:`collections.Counter` class now has two forms of in-place
   subtraction, the existing *-=* operator for `saturating subtraction
-  <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturation_arithmetic>`_ and the new
+  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturation_arithmetic>`_ and the new
   :meth:`~collections.Counter.subtract` method for regular subtraction.  The
-  former is suitable for `multisets <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiset>`_
+  former is suitable for `multisets <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiset>`_
   which only have positive counts, and the latter is more suitable for use cases
   that allow negative counts:
 
@@ -906,7 +906,7 @@ with multiple preconditions does not run until all of the predecessor tasks are
 complete.
 
 Barriers can work with an arbitrary number of threads.  This is a generalization
-of a `Rendezvous <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_rendezvous>`_ which
+of a `Rendezvous <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_rendezvous>`_ which
 is defined for only two threads.
 
 Implemented as a two-phase cyclic barrier, :class:`~threading.Barrier` objects
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ of nearly equal quantities:
 0.013765762467652909
 
 The :func:`~math.erf` function computes a probability integral or `Gaussian
-error function <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_function>`_.  The
+error function <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_function>`_.  The
 complementary error function, :func:`~math.erfc`, is ``1 - erf(x)``:
 
 >>> erf(1.0/sqrt(2.0))   # portion of normal distribution within 1 standard deviation
@@ -1054,7 +1054,7 @@ complementary error function, :func:`~math.erfc`, is ``1 - erf(x)``:
 1.0
 
 The :func:`~math.gamma` function is a continuous extension of the factorial
-function.  See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_function for details.  Because
+function.  See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_function for details.  Because
 the function is related to factorials, it grows large even for small values of
 *x*, so there is also a :func:`~math.lgamma` function for computing the natural
 logarithm of the gamma function:
@@ -2180,7 +2180,7 @@ urllib.parse
 A number of usability improvements were made for the :mod:`urllib.parse` module.
 
 The :func:`~urllib.parse.urlparse` function now supports `IPv6
-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6>`_ addresses as described in :rfc:`2732`:
+<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6>`_ addresses as described in :rfc:`2732`:
 
     >>> import urllib.parse
     >>> urllib.parse.urlparse('http://[dead:beef:cafe:5417:affe:8FA3:deaf:feed]/foo/')
@@ -2328,7 +2328,7 @@ A number of small performance enhancements have been added:
   (Contributed by Alexandre Vassalotti, Antoine Pitrou
   and the Unladen Swallow team in :issue:`9410` and :issue:`3873`.)
 
-* The `Timsort algorithm <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timsort>`_ used in
+* The `Timsort algorithm <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timsort>`_ used in
   :meth:`list.sort` and :func:`sorted` now runs faster and uses less memory
   when called with a :term:`key function`.  Previously, every element of
   a list was wrapped with a temporary object that remembered the key value
@@ -2380,7 +2380,7 @@ Unicode
 
 Python has been updated to `Unicode 6.0.0
 <http://unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.0.0/>`_.  The update to the standard adds
-over 2,000 new characters including `emoji <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji>`_
+over 2,000 new characters including `emoji <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji>`_
 symbols which are important for mobile phones.
 
 In addition, the updated standard has altered the character properties for two
@@ -2432,7 +2432,7 @@ The documentation continues to be improved.
     **Source code** :source:`Lib/functools.py`.
 
   (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger; see
-  `rationale <http://rhettinger.wordpress.com/2011/01/28/open-your-source-more/>`_.)
+  `rationale <https://rhettinger.wordpress.com/2011/01/28/open-your-source-more/>`_.)
 
 * The docs now contain more examples and recipes.  In particular, :mod:`re`
   module has an extensive section, :ref:`re-examples`.  Likewise, the
@@ -2468,7 +2468,7 @@ Code Repository
 ===============
 
 In addition to the existing Subversion code repository at http://svn.python.org
-there is now a `Mercurial <http://mercurial.selenic.com/>`_ repository at
+there is now a `Mercurial <https://www.mercurial-scm.org/>`_ repository at
 https://hg.python.org/\ .
 
 After the 3.2 release, there are plans to switch to Mercurial as the primary
@@ -2478,7 +2478,7 @@ members of the community to create and share external changesets.  See
 
 To learn to use the new version control system, see the `tutorial by Joel
 Spolsky <http://hginit.com>`_ or the `Guide to Mercurial Workflows
-<http://mercurial.selenic.com/guide>`_.
+<https://www.mercurial-scm.org/guide>`_.
 
 
 Build and C API Changes
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst
index 6ee40cd..779f7f4 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst
@@ -1884,13 +1884,13 @@ socket
   Heiko Wundram)
 
 * The :class:`~socket.socket` class now supports the PF_CAN protocol family
-  (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socketcan), on Linux
-  (http://lwn.net/Articles/253425).
+  (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socketcan), on Linux
+  (https://lwn.net/Articles/253425).
 
   (Contributed by Matthias Fuchs, updated by Tiago Gonçalves in :issue:`10141`.)
 
 * The :class:`~socket.socket` class now supports the PF_RDS protocol family
-  (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliable_Datagram_Sockets and
+  (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliable_Datagram_Sockets and
   https://oss.oracle.com/projects/rds/).
 
 * The :class:`~socket.socket` class now supports the ``PF_SYSTEM`` protocol
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.4.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.4.rst
index 7d9bc0d..ca7716a 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.4.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.4.rst
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Security improvements:
   all of the parent's inheritable handles, only the necessary ones.
 * A new :func:`hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac` function provides
   the `PKCS#5 password-based key derivation function 2
-  <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2>`_.
+  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2>`_.
 * :ref:`TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2 support <whatsnew-tls-11-12>` for :mod:`ssl`.
 * :ref:`Retrieving certificates from the Windows system cert store support
   <whatsnew34-win-cert-store>` for :mod:`ssl`.
@@ -902,7 +902,7 @@ hashlib
 
 A new :func:`hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac` function provides
 the `PKCS#5 password-based key derivation function 2
-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2>`_.  (Contributed by Christian
+<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2>`_.  (Contributed by Christian
 Heimes in :issue:`18582`.)
 
 The :attr:`~hashlib.hash.name` attribute of :mod:`hashlib` hash objects is now
@@ -1917,8 +1917,8 @@ Other Build and C API Changes
   :issue:`18596`.)
 
 * The Windows build now uses `Address Space Layout Randomization
-  <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASLR>`_ and `Data Execution Prevention
-  <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Execution_Prevention>`_.  (Contributed by
+  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_space_layout_randomization>`_ and `Data Execution Prevention
+  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Execution_Prevention>`_.  (Contributed by
   Christian Heimes in :issue:`16632`.)
 
 * New function :c:func:`PyObject_LengthHint` is the C API equivalent
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst
index 52a6e91..ffe6ae4 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst
@@ -2169,7 +2169,7 @@ for details.)
 The :c:member:`PyTypeObject.tp_finalize` slot is now part of the stable ABI.
 
 Windows builds now require Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0, which
-is available as part of `Visual Studio 2015 <http://www.visualstudio.com>`_.
+is available as part of `Visual Studio 2015 <https://www.visualstudio.com/>`_.
 
 Extension modules now include a platform information tag in their filename on
 some platforms (the tag is optional, and CPython will import extensions without