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authorChristian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>2008-03-22 00:47:35 (GMT)
committerChristian Heimes <christian@cheimes.de>2008-03-22 00:47:35 (GMT)
commit4fbc72b4ac7ac32d85f1fe8d465ed4c8736d002d (patch)
treebe5ea38e3ef6d53046f90b35d1ea7d0f077aed87 /Doc
parent73a22f0500ce713d46fce864e95402c34a45afd9 (diff)
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Merged revisions 61687-61688,61696,61700,61704-61705,61707-61709,61711-61712,61714-61716,61718-61722 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r61687 | jeffrey.yasskin | 2008-03-21 06:02:44 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Speed up test_signal from ~24s to 4s by avoiding nearly all of the sleep calls. ........ r61688 | jeffrey.yasskin | 2008-03-21 06:51:37 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 5 lines Try to fix test_signal breakages on Linux due to r61687. It appears that at least two of the linux build bots aren't leaving zombie processes around for os.waitpid to wait for, causing ECHILD errors. This would be a symptom of a bug somewhere, but probably not in signal itself. ........ r61696 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 15:32:33 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Mark the descitems in the tutorial as "noindex" so that :meth: cross-refs don't link to them. ........ r61700 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 18:19:29 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Fix markup. ........ r61704 | jeffrey.yasskin | 2008-03-21 19:25:06 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 3 lines Try to fix test_signal on FreeBSD. I'm assuming that os.kill is failing to raise a signal, but switching to subprocess makes the code cleaner anyway. ........ r61705 | jeffrey.yasskin | 2008-03-21 19:48:04 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 7 lines Speed test_threading up from 14s to .5s, and avoid a deadlock on certain failures. The test for enumerate-after-join is now a little less rigorous, but the bug it references says the error happened in the first couple iterations, so 100 iterations should still be enough. cProfile was useful for identifying the slow tests here. ........ r61707 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 20:14:38 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Fix a code block in __future__ docs. ........ r61708 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 20:20:21 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Add docs for __func__ and __self__ on methods. ........ r61709 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 20:37:57 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Add docs for print_function and future_builtins. Fixes #2442. ........ r61711 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 20:54:00 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines #2136: allow single quotes in realm spec. ........ r61712 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 21:01:51 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 3 lines Issue #2432: give DictReader the dialect and line_num attributes advertised in the docs. ........ r61714 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 21:11:46 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines #2358: add py3k warning to sys.exc_clear(). ........ r61715 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 21:21:46 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines #2346/#2347: add py3k warning for __methods__ and __members__. Patch by Jack Diederich. ........ r61716 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 21:38:24 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines #2348: add py3k warning for file.softspace. ........ r61718 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 21:55:20 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines #2160: document PyImport_GetImporter. ........ r61719 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 21:55:51 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Update doc ACKS. ........ r61720 | steven.bethard | 2008-03-21 22:01:18 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 1 line Replace hack in regrtest.py with use of sys.py3kwarning. ........ r61721 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-21 22:05:03 +0100 (Fri, 21 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Add missing versionadded tag. ........ r61722 | christian.heimes | 2008-03-22 00:49:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 3 lines Applied patch #1657 epoll and kqueue wrappers for the select module The patch adds wrappers for the Linux epoll syscalls and the BSD kqueue syscalls. Thanks to Thomas Herve and the Twisted people for their support and help. TODO: Finish documentation documentation ........
Diffstat (limited to 'Doc')
-rw-r--r--Doc/ACKS.txt1
-rw-r--r--Doc/c-api/import.rst13
-rw-r--r--Doc/library/__future__.rst5
-rw-r--r--Doc/library/future_builtins.rst53
-rw-r--r--Doc/library/python.rst1
-rw-r--r--Doc/library/select.rst304
-rw-r--r--Doc/license.rst55
-rw-r--r--Doc/reference/datamodel.rst4
-rw-r--r--Doc/tutorial/datastructures.rst9
-rw-r--r--Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst4
10 files changed, 440 insertions, 9 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/ACKS.txt b/Doc/ACKS.txt
index 5e97e33..9eae6a3 100644
--- a/Doc/ACKS.txt
+++ b/Doc/ACKS.txt
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ docs@python.org), and we'll be glad to correct the problem.
* Chris Barker
* Don Bashford
* Anthony Baxter
+ * Alexander Belopolsky
* Bennett Benson
* Jonathan Black
* Robin Boerdijk
diff --git a/Doc/c-api/import.rst b/Doc/c-api/import.rst
index 907f531..89d5f84 100644
--- a/Doc/c-api/import.rst
+++ b/Doc/c-api/import.rst
@@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ Importing Modules
``sys.modules``). Note that this is a per-interpreter variable.
+.. cfunction:: PyObject* PyImport_GetImporter(PyObject *path)
+
+ Return an importer object for a :data:`sys.path`/:attr:`pkg.__path__` item
+ *path*, possibly by fetching it from the :data:`sys.path_importer_cache`
+ dict. If it wasn't yet cached, traverse :data:`sys.path_hooks` until a hook
+ is found that can handle the path item. Return ``None`` if no hook could;
+ this tells our caller it should fall back to the builtin import mechanism.
+ Cache the result in :data:`sys.path_importer_cache`. Return a new reference
+ to the importer object.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.6
+
+
.. cfunction:: void _PyImport_Init()
Initialize the import mechanism. For internal use only.
diff --git a/Doc/library/__future__.rst b/Doc/library/__future__.rst
index 6bf2830..e2349cc 100644
--- a/Doc/library/__future__.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/__future__.rst
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
:mod:`__future__` --- Future statement definitions
==================================================
@@ -22,8 +21,8 @@
Each statement in :file:`__future__.py` is of the form::
- FeatureName = "_Feature(" OptionalRelease "," MandatoryRelease ","
- CompilerFlag ")"
+ FeatureName = _Feature(OptionalRelease, MandatoryRelease,
+ CompilerFlag)
where, normally, *OptionalRelease* is less than *MandatoryRelease*, and both are
diff --git a/Doc/library/future_builtins.rst b/Doc/library/future_builtins.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e845fe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Doc/library/future_builtins.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+:mod:`future_builtins` --- Python 3 builtins
+============================================
+
+.. module:: future_builtins
+.. sectionauthor:: Georg Brandl
+.. versionadded:: 2.6
+
+This module provides functions that exist in 2.x, but have different behavior in
+Python 3, so they cannot be put into the 2.x builtin namespace.
+
+Instead, if you want to write code compatible with Python 3 builtins, import
+them from this module, like this::
+
+ from future_builtins import map, filter
+
+ ... code using Python 3-style map and filter ...
+
+The :program:`2to3` tool that ports Python 2 code to Python 3 will recognize
+this usage and leave the new builtins alone.
+
+.. note::
+
+ The Python 3 :func:`print` function is already in the builtins, but cannot be
+ accessed from Python 2 code unless you use the appropriate future statement::
+
+ from __future__ import print_function
+
+
+Available builtins are:
+
+.. function:: filter(function, iterable)
+
+ Works like :func:`itertools.ifilter`.
+
+.. function:: hex(object)
+
+ Works like the builtin :func:`hex`, but instead of :meth:`__hex__` it will
+ use the :meth:`__index__` method on its argument to get an integer that is
+ then converted to hexadecimal.
+
+.. function:: map(function, iterable, ...)
+
+ Works like :func:`itertools.imap`.
+
+.. function:: oct(object)
+
+ Works like the builtin :func:`oct`, but instead of :meth:`__oct__` it will
+ use the :meth:`__index__` method on its argument to get an integer that is
+ then converted to hexadecimal.
+
+.. function:: zip(*iterables)
+
+ Works like :func:`itertools.izip`.
diff --git a/Doc/library/python.rst b/Doc/library/python.rst
index 0fdfa53..379d508 100644
--- a/Doc/library/python.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/python.rst
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ overview:
sys.rst
builtins.rst
+ future_builtins.rst
__main__.rst
warnings.rst
contextlib.rst
diff --git a/Doc/library/select.rst b/Doc/library/select.rst
index 4a97179..1368c78 100644
--- a/Doc/library/select.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/select.rst
@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@
This module provides access to the :cfunc:`select` and :cfunc:`poll` functions
-available in most operating systems. Note that on Windows, it only works for
-sockets; on other operating systems, it also works for other file types (in
-particular, on Unix, it works on pipes). It cannot be used on regular files to
-determine whether a file has grown since it was last read.
+available in most operating systems, :cfunc:`epoll` available on Linux 2.5+ and
+:cfunc:`kqueue` available on most BSD.
+Note that on Windows, it only works for sockets; on other operating systems,
+it also works for other file types (in particular, on Unix, it works on pipes).
+It cannot be used on regular files to determine whether a file has grown since
+it was last read.
The module defines the following:
@@ -22,6 +24,16 @@ The module defines the following:
string, as would be printed by the C function :cfunc:`perror`.
+.. type:: epoll([sizehint=-1])
+
+ (Only supported on Linux 2.5.44 and newer.) Returns an edge polling
+ object, which can be used as Edge or Level Triggered interface for I/O
+ events; see section :ref:`epoll-objects` below for the methods supported
+ by epolling objects.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.6
+
+
.. function:: poll()
(Not supported by all operating systems.) Returns a polling object, which
@@ -30,6 +42,24 @@ The module defines the following:
by polling objects.
+.. type:: kqueue()
+
+ (Only supported on BSD.) Returns a kernel queue object
+ object; see section :ref:`kqueue-objects` below for the methods supported
+ by kqueue objects.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.6
+
+
+.. type:: kqueue(ident, filter=KQ_FILTER_READ, flags=KQ_ADD, fflags=0, data=0, udata=0)
+
+ (Only supported on BSD.) Returns a kernel event object
+ object; see section :ref:`kevent-objects` below for the methods supported
+ by kqueue objects.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.6
+
+
.. function:: select(iwtd, owtd, ewtd[, timeout])
This is a straightforward interface to the Unix :cfunc:`select` system call.
@@ -67,6 +97,81 @@ The module defines the following:
not handle file descriptors that don't originate from WinSock.
+.. _epoll-objects:
+
+Edge and Level Trigger Polling (epoll) Objects
+----------------------------------------------
+
+ http://linux.die.net/man/4/epoll
+
+ *eventmask*
+
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | Constant | Meaning |
+ +=======================+===============================================+
+ | :const:`EPOLLIN` | Available for read |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLOUT` | Available for write |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLPRI` | Urgent data for read |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLERR` | Error condition happend on the assoc. fd |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLHUP` | Hang up happend on the assoc. fd |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLET` | Set Edge Trigger behavior, the default is |
+ | | Level Trigger behavior |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLONESHOT` | Set one-shot behavior. After one event is |
+ | | pulled out, the fd is internally disabled |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLRDNORM` | ??? |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLRDBAND` | ??? |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLWRNORM` | ??? |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLWRBAND` | ??? |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`EPOLLMSG` | ??? |
+ +-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
+
+
+.. method:: epoll.close()
+
+ Close the control file descriptor of the epoll object.
+
+
+.. method:: epoll.fileno()
+
+ Return the file descriptor number of the control fd.
+
+
+.. method:: epoll.fromfd(fd)
+
+ Create an epoll object from a given file descriptor.
+
+
+.. method:: epoll.register(fd[, eventmask])
+
+ Register a fd descriptor with the epoll object.
+
+
+.. method:: epoll.modify(fd, eventmask)
+
+ Modify a register file descriptor.
+
+
+.. method:: epoll.unregister(fd)
+
+ Remove a registered file descriptor from the epoll object.
+
+
+.. method:: epoll.poll([timeout=-1[, maxevents=-1]])
+
+ Wait for events. timeout in seconds (float)
+
+
.. _poll-objects:
Polling Objects
@@ -114,6 +219,16 @@ linearly scanned again. :cfunc:`select` is O(highest file descriptor), while
the same effect as registering the descriptor exactly once.
+.. method:: poll.modify(fd, eventmask)
+
+ Modifies an already registered fd. This has the same effect as
+ :meth:`register(fd, eventmask)`. Attempting to modify a file descriptor
+ that was never registered causes an :exc:`IOError` exception with errno
+ :const:`ENOENT` to be raised.
+
+ .. versionadded:: 2.6
+
+
.. method:: poll.unregister(fd)
Remove a file descriptor being tracked by a polling object. Just like the
@@ -137,3 +252,184 @@ linearly scanned again. :cfunc:`select` is O(highest file descriptor), while
returning. If *timeout* is omitted, negative, or :const:`None`, the call will
block until there is an event for this poll object.
+
+.. _kqueue-objects:
+
+Kqueue Objects
+--------------
+
+.. method:: kqueue.close()
+
+ Close the control file descriptor of the kqueue object.
+
+
+.. method:: kqueue.fileno()
+
+ Return the file descriptor number of the control fd.
+
+
+.. method:: epoll.fromfd(fd)
+
+ Create a kqueue object from a given file descriptor.
+
+
+.. method:: control(changelist, max_events=0[, timeout=None]) -> eventlist
+
+ Low level interface to kevent
+
+ - changelist must be an iterable of kevent object or None
+ - max_events must be 0 or a positive integer
+ - timeout in seconds (floats possible)
+
+
+.. _kevent-objects:
+
+Kevent Objects
+--------------
+
+ http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kqueue&sektion=2
+
+ .. attribute:: ident
+
+ Value used to identify the event. The interpretation depends on the filter
+ but it's usually the file descriptor. In the constructor ident can either
+ be an int or an object with a fileno() function. kevent stores the integer
+ internally.
+
+ .. attribute:: filter
+
+ Name of the kernel filter
+
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | Constant | Meaning |
+ +===========================+=============================================+
+ | :const:`KQ_FILTER_READ` | Takes a descriptor and returns whenever |
+ | | there is data available to read |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_FILTER_WRITE` | Takes a descriptor and returns whenever |
+ | | there is data available to read |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_FILTER_AIO` | AIO requests |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_FILTER_VNODE` | Returns when one or more of the requested |
+ | | events watched in *fflag* occurs |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_FILTER_PROC` | Watch for events on a process id |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_FILTER_NETDEV` | Watch for events on a network device |
+ | | [not available on Mac OS X] |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_FILTER_SIGNAL` | Returns whenever the watched signal is |
+ | | delivered to the process |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_FILTER_TIMER` | Establishes an arbitrary timer |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+
+ .. attribute:: flags
+
+ Filter action
+
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | Constant | Meaning |
+ +===========================+=============================================+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_ADD` | Adds or modifies an event |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_DELETE` | Removes an event from the queue |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_ENABLE` | Permitscontrol() to returns the event |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_DISABLE` | Disablesevent |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_ONESHOT` | Removes event after first occurence |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_CLEAR` | Reset the state after an event is retrieved |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_SYSFLAGS` | internal event |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_FLAG1` | internal event |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_EOF` | Filter specific EOF condition |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_EV_ERROR` | See return values |
+ +---------------------------+---------------------------------------------+
+
+
+ .. attribute:: fflags
+
+ Filter specific flags
+
+
+ *:const:`KQ_FILTER_READ` and :const:`KQ_FILTER_WRITE` filter flags
+
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | Constant | Meaning |
+ +============================+============================================+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_LOWAT` | low water mark of a socket buffer |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+
+
+ *:const:`KQ_FILTER_VNODE` filter flags*
+
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | Constant | Meaning |
+ +============================+============================================+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_DELETE` | *unlink()* was called |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_WRITE` | a write occured |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_EXTEND` | the file was extended |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_ATTRIB` | an attribute was changed |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_LINK` | the link count has changed |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_RENAME` | the file was renamed |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_REVOKE` | access to the file was revoked |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+
+
+ *:const:`KQ_FILTER_PROC` filter flags*
+
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | Constant | Meaning |
+ +============================+============================================+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_EXIT` | the process has exited |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_FORK` | the process has called *fork()* |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_EXEC` | the process has executed a new process |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_PCTRLMASK` | internal filter flag |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_PDATAMASK` | internal filter flag |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_TRACK` | follow a process across *fork()* |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_CHILD` | returned on the child process for |
+ | | *NOTE_TRACK* |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_TRACKERR` | unable to attach to a child |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+
+ *:const:`KQ_FILTER_NETDEV` filter flags* [not available on Mac OS X]
+
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | Constant | Meaning |
+ +============================+============================================+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_LINKUP` | link is up |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_LINKDOWN` | link is down |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+ | :const:`KQ_NOTE_LINKINV` | link state is invalid |
+ +----------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
+
+
+ .. attribute:: data
+
+ Filter specific data
+
+
+ .. attribute:: udata
+
+ User defined value
diff --git a/Doc/license.rst b/Doc/license.rst
index 0226ec5..e10f930 100644
--- a/Doc/license.rst
+++ b/Doc/license.rst
@@ -599,3 +599,58 @@ The :mod:`xmlrpclib` module contains the following notice::
ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE
OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+test_epoll
+----------
+
+The :mod:`test_epoll` contains the following notice::
+
+ Copyright (c) 2001-2006 Twisted Matrix Laboratories.
+
+ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+ "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+ without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+ distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+ permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+ the following conditions:
+
+ The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+ LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+ OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+Select kqueue
+-------------
+
+The :mod:`select` and contains the following notice for the kqueue interface::
+
+ Copyright (c) 2000 Doug White, 2006 James Knight, 2007 Christian Heimes
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ are met:
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst b/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst
index 0ab5f11..2ff9400 100644
--- a/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst
+++ b/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst
@@ -510,6 +510,10 @@ Callable types
An instance method object combines a class, a class instance and any
callable object (normally a user-defined function).
+ .. versionchanged:: 2.6
+ For 3.0 forward-compatibility, :attr:`im_func` is also available as
+ :attr:`__func__`, and :attr:`im_self` as :attr:`__self__`.
+
.. index::
single: __func__ (method attribute)
single: __self__ (method attribute)
diff --git a/Doc/tutorial/datastructures.rst b/Doc/tutorial/datastructures.rst
index e2f218c..201fa72 100644
--- a/Doc/tutorial/datastructures.rst
+++ b/Doc/tutorial/datastructures.rst
@@ -83,17 +83,20 @@ objects:
.. method:: list.append(x)
+ :noindex:
Add an item to the end of the list; equivalent to ``a[len(a):] = [x]``.
.. method:: list.extend(L)
+ :noindex:
Extend the list by appending all the items in the given list; equivalent to
``a[len(a):] = L``.
.. method:: list.insert(i, x)
+ :noindex:
Insert an item at a given position. The first argument is the index of the
element before which to insert, so ``a.insert(0, x)`` inserts at the front of
@@ -101,12 +104,14 @@ objects:
.. method:: list.remove(x)
+ :noindex:
Remove the first item from the list whose value is *x*. It is an error if there
is no such item.
.. method:: list.pop([i])
+ :noindex:
Remove the item at the given position in the list, and return it. If no index
is specified, ``a.pop()`` removes and returns the last item in the list. (The
@@ -116,22 +121,26 @@ objects:
.. method:: list.index(x)
+ :noindex:
Return the index in the list of the first item whose value is *x*. It is an
error if there is no such item.
.. method:: list.count(x)
+ :noindex:
Return the number of times *x* appears in the list.
.. method:: list.sort()
+ :noindex:
Sort the items of the list, in place.
.. method:: list.reverse()
+ :noindex:
Reverse the elements of the list, in place.
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
index 3378fc8..0e8901b 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ complicated expressions inside a format string.
So far we've shown how to specify which field to substitute into the
resulting string. The precise formatting used is also controllable by
-adding a colon followed by a format specifier. For example:
+adding a colon followed by a format specifier. For example::
# Field 0: left justify, pad to 15 characters
# Field 1: right justify, pad to 6 characters
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ adding a colon followed by a format specifier. For example:
fmt.format('Banquet', 125) ->
'Banquet $ 125'
-Format specifiers can reference other fields through nesting:
+Format specifiers can reference other fields through nesting::
fmt = '{0:{1}}'
fmt.format('Invoice #1234', width) ->