Merged revisions 64089,64098,64100-64102,64113,64115-64116,64118,64120,64132,64342 via svnmerge from

svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk

........
  r64089 | armin.ronacher | 2008-06-10 22:37:02 +0200 (mar., 10 juin 2008) | 3 lines

  Fix a formatting error in the ast documentation.
........
  r64098 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-06-11 02:25:29 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 6 lines

  Mini-PEP: Simplifying numbers.py
  * Convert binary methods in Integral to mixin methods
  * Remove three-arg __pow__ as a required method
  * Make __int__ the root method instead of __long__.
........
  r64100 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-06-11 02:28:51 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 1 line

  Update numbers doc for the Integral simplification.
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  r64101 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-06-11 02:44:47 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 3 lines

  Handle the case with zero arguments.
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  r64102 | benjamin.peterson | 2008-06-11 03:31:28 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 4 lines

  convert test_struct to a unittest thanks to Giampaolo Rodola
  I had to disable one test because it was functioning incorrectly, see #1530559
  I also removed the debugging prints
........
  r64113 | thomas.heller | 2008-06-11 09:10:43 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 2 lines

  Fix markup.
  Document the new 'offset' parameter for the 'ctypes.byref' function.
........
  r64115 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-06-11 12:30:54 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 1 line

  Multi-arg form for set.difference() and set.difference_update().
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  r64116 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-06-11 14:06:49 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 1 line

  Issue 3051:  Let heapq work with either __lt__ or __le__.
........
  r64118 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-06-11 14:39:09 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 1 line

  Optimize previous checkin for heapq.
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  r64120 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-06-11 15:14:50 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 1 line

  Add test for heapq using both __lt__ and __le__.
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  r64132 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-06-11 20:00:52 +0200 (mer., 11 juin 2008) | 3 lines

  Correct an incorrect comment about our #include of stddef.h.
  (see Doug Evans' comment on python-dev 2008-06-10)
........
  r64342 | guido.van.rossum | 2008-06-17 19:38:02 +0200 (mar., 17 juin 2008) | 3 lines

  Roll back Raymond's -r64098 while we think of something better.
  (See issue 3056 -- we're close to a resolution but need unittests.)
........

1 files changed, 535 insertions, 637 deletions

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_struct.py b/Lib/test/test_struct.py
index 05ac760..917f626 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_struct.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_struct.py
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-from test.support import TestFailed, verbose, verify, vereq
-import test.support
-import struct
 import array
+import unittest
+import struct
 import warnings
 
+from functools import wraps
+from test.support import TestFailed, verbose, run_unittest, catch_warning
+
 import sys
 ISBIGENDIAN = sys.byteorder == "big"
 del sys
-verify((struct.pack('=i', 1)[0] == 0) == ISBIGENDIAN,
-       "bigendian determination appears wrong")
 
 try:
     import _struct
@@ -30,39 +30,21 @@ def bigendian_to_native(value):
     else:
         return string_reverse(value)
 
-def simple_err(func, *args):
-    try:
-        func(*args)
-    except struct.error:
-        pass
-    else:
-        raise TestFailed("%s%s did not raise struct.error" % (
-            func.__name__, args))
-
-def any_err(func, *args):
-    try:
-        func(*args)
-    except (struct.error, TypeError):
-        pass
-    else:
-        raise TestFailed("%s%s did not raise error" % (
-            func.__name__, args))
-
 def with_warning_restore(func):
-    def _with_warning_restore(*args, **kw):
-        with test.support.catch_warning():
+    @wraps(func)
+    def decorator(*args, **kw):
+        with catch_warning():
             # Grrr, we need this function to warn every time.  Without removing
             # the warningregistry, running test_tarfile then test_struct would fail
             # on 64-bit platforms.
             globals = func.__globals__
             if '__warningregistry__' in globals:
                 del globals['__warningregistry__']
-            warnings.filterwarnings("error", r"""^struct.*""", DeprecationWarning)
-            warnings.filterwarnings("error", r""".*format requires.*""",
-                                    DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.filterwarnings("error", category=DeprecationWarning)
             return func(*args, **kw)
-    return _with_warning_restore
+    return decorator
 
+@with_warning_restore
 def deprecated_err(func, *args):
     try:
         func(*args)
@@ -75,615 +57,531 @@ def deprecated_err(func, *args):
     else:
         raise TestFailed("%s%s did not raise error" % (
             func.__name__, args))
-deprecated_err = with_warning_restore(deprecated_err)
-
-
-simple_err(struct.calcsize, 'Z')
-
-sz = struct.calcsize('i')
-if sz * 3 != struct.calcsize('iii'):
-    raise TestFailed('inconsistent sizes')
-
-fmt = 'cbxxxxxxhhhhiillffd?'
-fmt3 = '3c3b18x12h6i6l6f3d3?'
-sz = struct.calcsize(fmt)
-sz3 = struct.calcsize(fmt3)
-if sz * 3 != sz3:
-    raise TestFailed('inconsistent sizes (3*%r -> 3*%d = %d, %r -> %d)' % (
-        fmt, sz, 3*sz, fmt3, sz3))
-
-simple_err(struct.pack, 'iii', 3)
-simple_err(struct.pack, 'i', 3, 3, 3)
-simple_err(struct.pack, 'i', 'foo')
-simple_err(struct.pack, 'P', 'foo')
-simple_err(struct.unpack, 'd', b'flap')
-s = struct.pack('ii', 1, 2)
-simple_err(struct.unpack, 'iii', s)
-simple_err(struct.unpack, 'i', s)
-
-c = b'a'
-b = 1
-h = 255
-i = 65535
-l = 65536
-f = 3.1415
-d = 3.1415
-t = True
-
-for prefix in ('', '@', '<', '>', '=', '!'):
-    for format in ('xcbhilfd?', 'xcBHILfd?'):
-        format = prefix + format
-        if verbose:
-            print("trying:", format)
-        s = struct.pack(format, c, b, h, i, l, f, d, t)
-        cp, bp, hp, ip, lp, fp, dp, tp = struct.unpack(format, s)
-        if (cp != c or bp != b or hp != h or ip != i or lp != l or
-            int(100 * fp) != int(100 * f) or int(100 * dp) != int(100 * d) or
-                        tp != t):
-            # ^^^ calculate only to two decimal places
-            raise TestFailed("unpack/pack not transitive (%s, %s)" % (
-                str(format), str((cp, bp, hp, ip, lp, fp, dp, tp))))
-
-# Test some of the new features in detail
-
-# (format, argument, big-endian result, little-endian result, asymmetric)
-tests = [
-    ('c', 'a', 'a', 'a', 0),
-    ('xc', 'a', '\0a', '\0a', 0),
-    ('cx', 'a', 'a\0', 'a\0', 0),
-    ('s', 'a', 'a', 'a', 0),
-    ('0s', 'helloworld', '', '', 1),
-    ('1s', 'helloworld', 'h', 'h', 1),
-    ('9s', 'helloworld', 'helloworl', 'helloworl', 1),
-    ('10s', 'helloworld', 'helloworld', 'helloworld', 0),
-    ('11s', 'helloworld', 'helloworld\0', 'helloworld\0', 1),
-    ('20s', 'helloworld', 'helloworld'+10*'\0', 'helloworld'+10*'\0', 1),
-    ('b', 7, '\7', '\7', 0),
-    ('b', -7, '\371', '\371', 0),
-    ('B', 7, '\7', '\7', 0),
-    ('B', 249, '\371', '\371', 0),
-    ('h', 700, '\002\274', '\274\002', 0),
-    ('h', -700, '\375D', 'D\375', 0),
-    ('H', 700, '\002\274', '\274\002', 0),
-    ('H', 0x10000-700, '\375D', 'D\375', 0),
-    ('i', 70000000, '\004,\035\200', '\200\035,\004', 0),
-    ('i', -70000000, '\373\323\342\200', '\200\342\323\373', 0),
-    ('I', 70000000, '\004,\035\200', '\200\035,\004', 0),
-    ('I', 0x100000000-70000000, '\373\323\342\200', '\200\342\323\373', 0),
-    ('l', 70000000, '\004,\035\200', '\200\035,\004', 0),
-    ('l', -70000000, '\373\323\342\200', '\200\342\323\373', 0),
-    ('L', 70000000, '\004,\035\200', '\200\035,\004', 0),
-    ('L', 0x100000000-70000000, '\373\323\342\200', '\200\342\323\373', 0),
-    ('f', 2.0, '@\000\000\000', '\000\000\000@', 0),
-    ('d', 2.0, '@\000\000\000\000\000\000\000',
-               '\000\000\000\000\000\000\000@', 0),
-    ('f', -2.0, '\300\000\000\000', '\000\000\000\300', 0),
-    ('d', -2.0, '\300\000\000\000\000\000\000\000',
-               '\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\300', 0),
-        ('?', 0, '\0', '\0', 0),
-        ('?', 3, '\1', '\1', 1),
-        ('?', True, '\1', '\1', 0),
-        ('?', [], '\0', '\0', 1),
-        ('?', (1,), '\1', '\1', 1),
-]
-
-for fmt, arg, big, lil, asy in tests:
-    big = bytes(big, "latin-1")
-    lil = bytes(lil, "latin-1")
-    if verbose:
-        print("%r %r %r %r" % (fmt, arg, big, lil))
-    for (xfmt, exp) in [('>'+fmt, big), ('!'+fmt, big), ('<'+fmt, lil),
-                        ('='+fmt, ISBIGENDIAN and big or lil)]:
-        res = struct.pack(xfmt, arg)
-        if res != exp:
-            raise TestFailed("pack(%r, %r) -> %r # expected %r" % (
-                fmt, arg, res, exp))
-        n = struct.calcsize(xfmt)
-        if n != len(res):
-            raise TestFailed("calcsize(%r) -> %d # expected %d" % (
-                xfmt, n, len(res)))
-        rev = struct.unpack(xfmt, res)[0]
-        if isinstance(arg, str):
-            # Strings are returned as bytes since you can't know the encoding of
-            # the string when packed.
-            arg = bytes(arg, 'latin1')
-        if rev != arg and not asy:
-            raise TestFailed("unpack(%r, %r) -> (%r,) # expected (%r,)" % (
-                fmt, res, rev, arg))
-
-###########################################################################
-# Simple native q/Q tests.
-
-has_native_qQ = 1
-try:
-    struct.pack("q", 5)
-except struct.error:
-    has_native_qQ = 0
-
-if verbose:
-    print("Platform has native q/Q?", has_native_qQ and "Yes." or "No.")
-
-any_err(struct.pack, "Q", -1)   # can't pack -1 as unsigned regardless
-simple_err(struct.pack, "q", "a")  # can't pack string as 'q' regardless
-simple_err(struct.pack, "Q", "a")  # ditto, but 'Q'
-
-def test_native_qQ():
-    nbytes = struct.calcsize('q')
-    # The expected values here are in big-endian format, primarily because
-    # I'm on a little-endian machine and so this is the clearest way (for
-    # me) to force the code to get exercised.
-    for format, input, expected in (
-            ('q', -1, '\xff' * nbytes),
-            ('q', 0, '\x00' * nbytes),
-            ('Q', 0, '\x00' * nbytes),
-            ('q', 1, '\x00' * (nbytes-1) + '\x01'),
-            ('Q', (1 << (8*nbytes))-1, '\xff' * nbytes),
-            ('q', (1 << (8*nbytes-1))-1, '\x7f' + '\xff' * (nbytes - 1))):
-        expected = bytes(expected, "latin-1")
-        got = struct.pack(format, input)
-        native_expected = bigendian_to_native(expected)
-        verify(got == native_expected,
-               "%r-pack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, input, got, native_expected))
-        retrieved = struct.unpack(format, got)[0]
-        verify(retrieved == input,
-               "%r-unpack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, got, retrieved, input))
-
-if has_native_qQ:
-    test_native_qQ()
-
-###########################################################################
-# Standard integer tests (bBhHiIlLqQ).
-
-import binascii
-
-class IntTester:
-
-    # XXX Most std integer modes fail to test for out-of-range.
-    # The "i" and "l" codes appear to range-check OK on 32-bit boxes, but
-    # fail to check correctly on some 64-bit ones (Tru64 Unix + Compaq C
-    # reported by Mark Favas).
-    BUGGY_RANGE_CHECK = "bBhHiIlL"
-
-    def __init__(self, formatpair, bytesize):
-        assert len(formatpair) == 2
-        self.formatpair = formatpair
-        for direction in "<>!=":
-            for code in formatpair:
-                format = direction + code
-                verify(struct.calcsize(format) == bytesize)
-        self.bytesize = bytesize
-        self.bitsize = bytesize * 8
-        self.signed_code, self.unsigned_code = formatpair
-        self.unsigned_min = 0
-        self.unsigned_max = 2**self.bitsize - 1
-        self.signed_min = -(2**(self.bitsize-1))
-        self.signed_max = 2**(self.bitsize-1) - 1
-
-    def test_one(self, x, pack=struct.pack,
-                          unpack=struct.unpack,
-                          unhexlify=binascii.unhexlify):
-        if verbose:
-            print("trying std", self.formatpair, "on", x, "==", hex(x))
-
-        # Try signed.
-        code = self.signed_code
-        if self.signed_min <= x <= self.signed_max:
-            # Try big-endian.
-            expected = int(x)
-            if x < 0:
-                expected += 1 << self.bitsize
-                assert expected > 0
-            expected = hex(expected)[2:] # chop "0x"
-            if len(expected) & 1:
-                expected = "0" + expected
-            expected = unhexlify(expected)
-            expected = b"\x00" * (self.bytesize - len(expected)) + expected
-
-            # Pack work?
-            format = ">" + code
-            got = pack(format, x)
-            verify(got == expected,
-                   "'%s'-pack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, x, got, expected))
-
-            # Unpack work?
-            retrieved = unpack(format, got)[0]
-            verify(x == retrieved,
-                   "'%s'-unpack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, got, retrieved, x))
-
-            # Adding any byte should cause a "too big" error.
-            any_err(unpack, format, b'\x01' + got)
-
-            # Try little-endian.
-            format = "<" + code
-            expected = string_reverse(expected)
-
-            # Pack work?
-            got = pack(format, x)
-            verify(got == expected,
-                   "'%s'-pack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, x, got, expected))
-
-            # Unpack work?
-            retrieved = unpack(format, got)[0]
-            verify(x == retrieved,
-                   "'%s'-unpack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, got, retrieved, x))
-
-            # Adding any byte should cause a "too big" error.
-            any_err(unpack, format, b'\x01' + got)
 
-        else:
-            # x is out of range -- verify pack realizes that.
-            if not PY_STRUCT_RANGE_CHECKING and code in self.BUGGY_RANGE_CHECK:
-                if verbose:
-                    print("Skipping buggy range check for code", code)
-            else:
-                deprecated_err(pack, ">" + code, x)
-                deprecated_err(pack, "<" + code, x)
-
-        # Much the same for unsigned.
-        code = self.unsigned_code
-        if self.unsigned_min <= x <= self.unsigned_max:
-            # Try big-endian.
-            format = ">" + code
-            expected = int(x)
-            expected = hex(expected)[2:] # chop "0x"
-            if len(expected) & 1:
-                expected = "0" + expected
-            expected = unhexlify(expected)
-            expected = b"\x00" * (self.bytesize - len(expected)) + expected
-
-            # Pack work?
-            got = pack(format, x)
-            verify(got == expected,
-                   "'%s'-pack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, x, got, expected))
-
-            # Unpack work?
-            retrieved = unpack(format, got)[0]
-            verify(x == retrieved,
-                   "'%s'-unpack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, got, retrieved, x))
-
-            # Adding any byte should cause a "too big" error.
-            any_err(unpack, format, b'\x01' + got)
-
-            # Try little-endian.
-            format = "<" + code
-            expected = string_reverse(expected)
-
-            # Pack work?
-            got = pack(format, x)
-            verify(got == expected,
-                   "'%s'-pack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, x, got, expected))
-
-            # Unpack work?
-            retrieved = unpack(format, got)[0]
-            verify(x == retrieved,
-                   "'%s'-unpack of %r gave %r, not %r" %
-                    (format, got, retrieved, x))
-
-            # Adding any byte should cause a "too big" error.
-            any_err(unpack, format, b'\x01' + got)
 
+class StructTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    @with_warning_restore
+    def check_float_coerce(self, format, number):
+        # SF bug 1530559. struct.pack raises TypeError where it used to convert.
+        if PY_STRUCT_FLOAT_COERCE == 2:
+            # Test for pre-2.5 struct module
+            packed = struct.pack(format, number)
+            floored = struct.unpack(format, packed)[0]
+            self.assertEqual(floored, int(number),
+                             "did not correcly coerce float to int")
+            return
+        try:
+            struct.pack(format, number)
+        except (struct.error, TypeError):
+            if PY_STRUCT_FLOAT_COERCE:
+                self.fail("expected DeprecationWarning for float coerce")
+        except DeprecationWarning:
+            if not PY_STRUCT_FLOAT_COERCE:
+                self.fail("expected to raise struct.error for float coerce")
         else:
-            # x is out of range -- verify pack realizes that.
-            if not PY_STRUCT_RANGE_CHECKING and code in self.BUGGY_RANGE_CHECK:
-                if verbose:
-                    print("Skipping buggy range check for code", code)
-            else:
-                deprecated_err(pack, ">" + code, x)
-                deprecated_err(pack, "<" + code, x)
-
-    def run(self):
-        from random import randrange
-
-        # Create all interesting powers of 2.
-        values = []
-        for exp in range(self.bitsize + 3):
-            values.append(1 << exp)
-
-        # Add some random values.
-        for i in range(self.bitsize):
-            val = 0
-            for j in range(self.bytesize):
-                val = (val << 8) | randrange(256)
-            values.append(val)
-
-        # Try all those, and their negations, and +-1 from them.  Note
-        # that this tests all power-of-2 boundaries in range, and a few out
-        # of range, plus +-(2**n +- 1).
-        for base in values:
-            for val in -base, base:
-                for incr in -1, 0, 1:
-                    x = val + incr
-                    try:
-                        x = int(x)
-                    except OverflowError:
-                        pass
-                    self.test_one(x)
-
-        # Some error cases.
-        for direction in "<>":
-            for code in self.formatpair:
-                for badobject in "a string", 3+42j, randrange:
-                    any_err(struct.pack, direction + code, badobject)
-
-for args in [("bB", 1),
-             ("hH", 2),
-             ("iI", 4),
-             ("lL", 4),
-             ("qQ", 8)]:
-    t = IntTester(*args)
-    t.run()
-
-
-###########################################################################
-# The p ("Pascal string") code.
-
-def test_p_code():
-    for code, input, expected, expectedback in [
-            ('p','abc', '\x00', b''),
-            ('1p', 'abc', '\x00', b''),
-            ('2p', 'abc', '\x01a', b'a'),
-            ('3p', 'abc', '\x02ab', b'ab'),
-            ('4p', 'abc', '\x03abc', b'abc'),
-            ('5p', 'abc', '\x03abc\x00', b'abc'),
-            ('6p', 'abc', '\x03abc\x00\x00', b'abc'),
-            ('1000p', 'x'*1000, '\xff' + 'x'*999, b'x'*255)]:
-        expected = bytes(expected, "latin-1")
-        got = struct.pack(code, input)
-        if got != expected:
-            raise TestFailed("pack(%r, %r) == %r but expected %r" %
-                             (code, input, got, expected))
-        (got,) = struct.unpack(code, got)
-        if got != expectedback:
-            raise TestFailed("unpack(%r, %r) == %r but expected %r" %
-                             (code, input, got, expectedback))
-
-test_p_code()
-
-
-###########################################################################
-# SF bug 705836.  "<f" and ">f" had a severe rounding bug, where a carry
-# from the low-order discarded bits could propagate into the exponent
-# field, causing the result to be wrong by a factor of 2.
-
-def test_705836():
-    import math
-
-    for base in range(1, 33):
-        # smaller <- largest representable float less than base.
-        delta = 0.5
-        while base - delta / 2.0 != base:
-            delta /= 2.0
-        smaller = base - delta
-        # Packing this rounds away a solid string of trailing 1 bits.
-        packed = struct.pack("<f", smaller)
-        unpacked = struct.unpack("<f", packed)[0]
-        # This failed at base = 2, 4, and 32, with unpacked = 1, 2, and
-        # 16, respectively.
-        verify(base == unpacked)
-        bigpacked = struct.pack(">f", smaller)
-        verify(bigpacked == string_reverse(packed),
-               ">f pack should be byte-reversal of <f pack")
-        unpacked = struct.unpack(">f", bigpacked)[0]
-        verify(base == unpacked)
-
-    # Largest finite IEEE single.
-    big = (1 << 24) - 1
-    big = math.ldexp(big, 127 - 23)
-    packed = struct.pack(">f", big)
-    unpacked = struct.unpack(">f", packed)[0]
-    verify(big == unpacked)
-
-    # The same, but tack on a 1 bit so it rounds up to infinity.
-    big = (1 << 25) - 1
-    big = math.ldexp(big, 127 - 24)
-    try:
-        packed = struct.pack(">f", big)
-    except OverflowError:
-        pass
-    else:
-        raise TestFailed("expected OverflowError")
-
-test_705836()
-
-###########################################################################
-# SF bug 1229380. No struct.pack exception for some out of range integers
-
-def test_1229380():
-    import sys
-    for endian in ('', '>', '<'):
-        for fmt in ('B', 'H', 'I', 'L'):
-            deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + fmt, -1)
-
-        deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + 'B', 300)
-        deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + 'H', 70000)
-
-        deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + 'I', sys.maxsize * 4)
-        deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + 'L', sys.maxsize * 4)
-
-if PY_STRUCT_RANGE_CHECKING:
-    test_1229380()
-
-###########################################################################
-# SF bug 1530559. struct.pack raises TypeError where it used to convert.
-
-def check_float_coerce(format, number):
-    if PY_STRUCT_FLOAT_COERCE == 2:
-        # Test for pre-2.5 struct module
-        packed = struct.pack(format, number)
-        floored = struct.unpack(format, packed)[0]
-        if floored != int(number):
-            raise TestFailed("did not correcly coerce float to int")
-        return
-    try:
-        func(*args)
-    except (struct.error, TypeError):
-        if PY_STRUCT_FLOAT_COERCE:
-            raise TestFailed("expected DeprecationWarning for float coerce")
-    except DeprecationWarning:
-        if not PY_STRUCT_FLOAT_COERCE:
-            raise TestFailed("expected to raise struct.error for float coerce")
-    else:
-        raise TestFailed("did not raise error for float coerce")
-
-check_float_coerce = with_warning_restore(deprecated_err)
-
-def test_1530559():
-    for endian in ('', '>', '<'):
-        for fmt in ('B', 'H', 'I', 'L', 'b', 'h', 'i', 'l'):
-            check_float_coerce(endian + fmt, 1.0)
-            check_float_coerce(endian + fmt, 1.5)
-
-test_1530559()
-
-###########################################################################
-# Packing and unpacking to/from memory views.
-
-# Copied and modified from unittest.
-def assertRaises(excClass, callableObj, *args, **kwargs):
-    try:
-        callableObj(*args, **kwargs)
-    except excClass:
-        return
-    else:
-        raise TestFailed("%s not raised." % excClass)
-
-def test_unpack_from():
-    test_string = b'abcd01234'
-    fmt = '4s'
-    s = struct.Struct(fmt)
-    for cls in (bytes, bytearray):
-        if verbose:
-            print("test_unpack_from using", cls.__name__)
-        data = cls(test_string)
-        if not isinstance(data, (bytes, bytearray)):
-            bytes_data = bytes(data, 'latin1')
+            self.fail("did not raise error for float coerce")
+
+    def test_isbigendian(self):
+        self.assertEqual((struct.pack('=i', 1)[0] == chr(0)), ISBIGENDIAN)
+
+    def test_consistence(self):
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.calcsize, 'Z')
+
+        sz = struct.calcsize('i')
+        self.assertEqual(sz * 3, struct.calcsize('iii'))
+
+        fmt = 'cbxxxxxxhhhhiillffd?'
+        fmt3 = '3c3b18x12h6i6l6f3d3?'
+        sz = struct.calcsize(fmt)
+        sz3 = struct.calcsize(fmt3)
+        self.assertEqual(sz * 3, sz3)
+
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.pack, 'iii', 3)
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.pack, 'i', 3, 3, 3)
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.pack, 'i', 'foo')
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.pack, 'P', 'foo')
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.unpack, 'd', b'flap')
+        s = struct.pack('ii', 1, 2)
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.unpack, 'iii', s)
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.unpack, 'i', s)
+
+    def test_transitiveness(self):
+        c = b'a'
+        b = 1
+        h = 255
+        i = 65535
+        l = 65536
+        f = 3.1415
+        d = 3.1415
+        t = True
+
+        for prefix in ('', '@', '<', '>', '=', '!'):
+            for format in ('xcbhilfd?', 'xcBHILfd?'):
+                format = prefix + format
+                s = struct.pack(format, c, b, h, i, l, f, d, t)
+                cp, bp, hp, ip, lp, fp, dp, tp = struct.unpack(format, s)
+                self.assertEqual(cp, c)
+                self.assertEqual(bp, b)
+                self.assertEqual(hp, h)
+                self.assertEqual(ip, i)
+                self.assertEqual(lp, l)
+                self.assertEqual(int(100 * fp), int(100 * f))
+                self.assertEqual(int(100 * dp), int(100 * d))
+                self.assertEqual(tp, t)
+
+    def test_new_features(self):
+        # Test some of the new features in detail
+        # (format, argument, big-endian result, little-endian result, asymmetric)
+        tests = [
+            ('c', 'a', 'a', 'a', 0),
+            ('xc', 'a', '\0a', '\0a', 0),
+            ('cx', 'a', 'a\0', 'a\0', 0),
+            ('s', 'a', 'a', 'a', 0),
+            ('0s', 'helloworld', '', '', 1),
+            ('1s', 'helloworld', 'h', 'h', 1),
+            ('9s', 'helloworld', 'helloworl', 'helloworl', 1),
+            ('10s', 'helloworld', 'helloworld', 'helloworld', 0),
+            ('11s', 'helloworld', 'helloworld\0', 'helloworld\0', 1),
+            ('20s', 'helloworld', 'helloworld'+10*'\0', 'helloworld'+10*'\0', 1),
+            ('b', 7, '\7', '\7', 0),
+            ('b', -7, '\371', '\371', 0),
+            ('B', 7, '\7', '\7', 0),
+            ('B', 249, '\371', '\371', 0),
+            ('h', 700, '\002\274', '\274\002', 0),
+            ('h', -700, '\375D', 'D\375', 0),
+            ('H', 700, '\002\274', '\274\002', 0),
+            ('H', 0x10000-700, '\375D', 'D\375', 0),
+            ('i', 70000000, '\004,\035\200', '\200\035,\004', 0),
+            ('i', -70000000, '\373\323\342\200', '\200\342\323\373', 0),
+            ('I', 70000000, '\004,\035\200', '\200\035,\004', 0),
+            ('I', 0x100000000-70000000, '\373\323\342\200', '\200\342\323\373', 0),
+            ('l', 70000000, '\004,\035\200', '\200\035,\004', 0),
+            ('l', -70000000, '\373\323\342\200', '\200\342\323\373', 0),
+            ('L', 70000000, '\004,\035\200', '\200\035,\004', 0),
+            ('L', 0x100000000-70000000, '\373\323\342\200', '\200\342\323\373', 0),
+            ('f', 2.0, '@\000\000\000', '\000\000\000@', 0),
+            ('d', 2.0, '@\000\000\000\000\000\000\000',
+                       '\000\000\000\000\000\000\000@', 0),
+            ('f', -2.0, '\300\000\000\000', '\000\000\000\300', 0),
+            ('d', -2.0, '\300\000\000\000\000\000\000\000',
+                       '\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\300', 0),
+                ('?', 0, '\0', '\0', 0),
+                ('?', 3, '\1', '\1', 1),
+                ('?', True, '\1', '\1', 0),
+                ('?', [], '\0', '\0', 1),
+                ('?', (1,), '\1', '\1', 1),
+        ]
+
+        for fmt, arg, big, lil, asy in tests:
+            big = bytes(big, "latin-1")
+            lil = bytes(lil, "latin-1")
+            for (xfmt, exp) in [('>'+fmt, big), ('!'+fmt, big), ('<'+fmt, lil),
+                                ('='+fmt, ISBIGENDIAN and big or lil)]:
+                res = struct.pack(xfmt, arg)
+                self.assertEqual(res, exp)
+                self.assertEqual(struct.calcsize(xfmt), len(res))
+                rev = struct.unpack(xfmt, res)[0]
+                if isinstance(arg, str):
+                    # Strings are returned as bytes since you can't know the
+                    # encoding of the string when packed.
+                    arg = bytes(arg, 'latin1')
+                if rev != arg:
+                    self.assert_(asy)
+
+    def test_native_qQ(self):
+        # can't pack -1 as unsigned regardless
+        self.assertRaises((struct.error, TypeError), struct.pack, "Q", -1)
+        # can't pack string as 'q' regardless
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.pack, "q", "a")
+        # ditto, but 'Q'
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.pack, "Q", "a")
+
+        try:
+            struct.pack("q", 5)
+        except struct.error:
+            # does not have native q/Q
+            pass
         else:
-            bytes_data = data
-        vereq(s.unpack_from(data), (b'abcd',))
-        vereq(s.unpack_from(data, 2), (b'cd01',))
-        vereq(s.unpack_from(data, 4), (b'0123',))
-        for i in range(6):
-            vereq(s.unpack_from(data, i), (bytes_data[i:i+4],))
-        for i in range(6, len(test_string) + 1):
-            simple_err(s.unpack_from, data, i)
-    for cls in (bytes, bytearray):
-        data = cls(test_string)
-        vereq(struct.unpack_from(fmt, data), (b'abcd',))
-        vereq(struct.unpack_from(fmt, data, 2), (b'cd01',))
-        vereq(struct.unpack_from(fmt, data, 4), (b'0123',))
-        for i in range(6):
-            vereq(struct.unpack_from(fmt, data, i), (bytes_data[i:i+4],))
-        for i in range(6, len(test_string) + 1):
-            simple_err(struct.unpack_from, fmt, data, i)
-
-def test_pack_into():
-    test_string = b'Reykjavik rocks, eow!'
-    writable_buf = array.array('b', b' '*100)
-    fmt = '21s'
-    s = struct.Struct(fmt)
-
-    # Test without offset
-    s.pack_into(writable_buf, 0, test_string)
-    from_buf = writable_buf.tostring()[:len(test_string)]
-    vereq(from_buf, test_string)
-
-    # Test with offset.
-    s.pack_into(writable_buf, 10, test_string)
-    from_buf = writable_buf.tostring()[:len(test_string)+10]
-    vereq(from_buf, test_string[:10] + test_string)
-
-    # Go beyond boundaries.
-    small_buf = array.array('b', b' '*10)
-    assertRaises(struct.error, s.pack_into, small_buf, 0, test_string)
-    assertRaises(struct.error, s.pack_into, small_buf, 2, test_string)
-
-def test_pack_into_fn():
-    test_string = b'Reykjavik rocks, eow!'
-    writable_buf = array.array('b', b' '*100)
-    fmt = '21s'
-    pack_into = lambda *args: struct.pack_into(fmt, *args)
-
-    # Test without offset.
-    pack_into(writable_buf, 0, test_string)
-    from_buf = writable_buf.tostring()[:len(test_string)]
-    vereq(from_buf, test_string)
-
-    # Test with offset.
-    pack_into(writable_buf, 10, test_string)
-    from_buf = writable_buf.tostring()[:len(test_string)+10]
-    vereq(from_buf, test_string[:10] + test_string)
-
-    # Go beyond boundaries.
-    small_buf = array.array('b', b' '*10)
-    assertRaises(struct.error, pack_into, small_buf, 0, test_string)
-    assertRaises(struct.error, pack_into, small_buf, 2, test_string)
-
-def test_unpack_with_memoryview():
-    # SF bug 1563759: struct.unpack doens't support buffer protocol objects
-    data1 = array.array('B', b'\x12\x34\x56\x78')
-    data2 = memoryview(b'\x12\x34\x56\x78') # XXX b'......XXXX......', 6, 4
-    for data in [data1, data2]:
-        value, = struct.unpack('>I', data)
-        vereq(value, 0x12345678)
-
-# Test methods to pack and unpack from memoryviews rather than strings.
-test_unpack_from()
-test_pack_into()
-test_pack_into_fn()
-test_unpack_with_memoryview()
-
-def test_bool():
-    for prefix in tuple("<>!=")+('',):
-        false = (), [], [], '', 0
-        true = [1], 'test', 5, -1, 0xffffffff+1, 0xffffffff/2
-
-        falseFormat = prefix + '?' * len(false)
-        if verbose:
-            print('trying bool pack/unpack on', false, 'using format', falseFormat)
-        packedFalse = struct.pack(falseFormat, *false)
-        unpackedFalse = struct.unpack(falseFormat, packedFalse)
-
-        trueFormat = prefix + '?' * len(true)
-        if verbose:
-            print('trying bool pack/unpack on', true, 'using format', trueFormat)
-        packedTrue = struct.pack(trueFormat, *true)
-        unpackedTrue = struct.unpack(trueFormat, packedTrue)
-
-        if len(true) != len(unpackedTrue):
-            raise TestFailed('unpacked true array is not of same size as input')
-        if len(false) != len(unpackedFalse):
-            raise TestFailed('unpacked false array is not of same size as input')
-
-        for t in unpackedFalse:
-            if t is not False:
-                raise TestFailed('%r did not unpack as False' % t)
-        for t in unpackedTrue:
-            if t is not True:
-                raise TestFailed('%r did not unpack as false' % t)
-
-        if prefix and verbose:
-            print('trying size of bool with format %r' % (prefix+'?'))
-        packed = struct.pack(prefix+'?', 1)
-
-        if len(packed) != struct.calcsize(prefix+'?'):
-            raise TestFailed('packed length is not equal to calculated size')
-
-        if len(packed) != 1 and prefix:
-            raise TestFailed('encoded bool is not one byte: %r' % packed)
-        elif not prefix and verbose:
-            print('size of bool in native format is %i' % (len(packed)))
-
-        for c in [b'\x01', b'\x7f', b'\xff', b'\x0f', b'\xf0']:
-            if struct.unpack('>?', c)[0] is not True:
-                raise TestFailed('%c did not unpack as True' % c)
-
-test_bool()
+            nbytes = struct.calcsize('q')
+            # The expected values here are in big-endian format, primarily
+            # because I'm on a little-endian machine and so this is the
+            # clearest way (for me) to force the code to get exercised.
+            for format, input, expected in (
+                    ('q', -1, '\xff' * nbytes),
+                    ('q', 0, '\x00' * nbytes),
+                    ('Q', 0, '\x00' * nbytes),
+                    ('q', 1, '\x00' * (nbytes-1) + '\x01'),
+                    ('Q', (1 << (8*nbytes))-1, '\xff' * nbytes),
+                    ('q', (1 << (8*nbytes-1))-1, '\x7f' + '\xff' * (nbytes - 1))):
+                expected = bytes(expected, "latin-1")
+                got = struct.pack(format, input)
+                native_expected = bigendian_to_native(expected)
+                self.assertEqual(got, native_expected)
+                retrieved = struct.unpack(format, got)[0]
+                self.assertEqual(retrieved, input)
+
+    def test_standard_integers(self):
+        # Standard integer tests (bBhHiIlLqQ).
+        import binascii
+
+        class IntTester(unittest.TestCase):
+
+            # XXX Most std integer modes fail to test for out-of-range.
+            # The "i" and "l" codes appear to range-check OK on 32-bit boxes, but
+            # fail to check correctly on some 64-bit ones (Tru64 Unix + Compaq C
+            # reported by Mark Favas).
+            BUGGY_RANGE_CHECK = "bBhHiIlL"
+
+            def __init__(self, formatpair, bytesize):
+                self.assertEqual(len(formatpair), 2)
+                self.formatpair = formatpair
+                for direction in "<>!=":
+                    for code in formatpair:
+                        format = direction + code
+                        self.assertEqual(struct.calcsize(format), bytesize)
+                self.bytesize = bytesize
+                self.bitsize = bytesize * 8
+                self.signed_code, self.unsigned_code = formatpair
+                self.unsigned_min = 0
+                self.unsigned_max = 2**self.bitsize - 1
+                self.signed_min = -(2**(self.bitsize-1))
+                self.signed_max = 2**(self.bitsize-1) - 1
+
+            def test_one(self, x, pack=struct.pack,
+                                  unpack=struct.unpack,
+                                  unhexlify=binascii.unhexlify):
+                # Try signed.
+                code = self.signed_code
+                if self.signed_min <= x <= self.signed_max:
+                    # Try big-endian.
+                    expected = x
+                    if x < 0:
+                        expected += 1 << self.bitsize
+                        self.assert_(expected > 0)
+                    expected = hex(expected)[2:] # chop "0x"
+                    if len(expected) & 1:
+                        expected = "0" + expected
+                    expected = unhexlify(expected)
+                    expected = b"\x00" * (self.bytesize - len(expected)) + expected
+
+                    # Pack work?
+                    format = ">" + code
+                    got = pack(format, x)
+                    self.assertEqual(got, expected)
+
+                    # Unpack work?
+                    retrieved = unpack(format, got)[0]
+                    self.assertEqual(x, retrieved)
+
+                    # Adding any byte should cause a "too big" error.
+                    self.assertRaises((struct.error, TypeError),
+                                      unpack, format, b'\x01' + got)
+
+                    # Try little-endian.
+                    format = "<" + code
+                    expected = string_reverse(expected)
+
+                    # Pack work?
+                    got = pack(format, x)
+                    self.assertEqual(got, expected)
+
+                    # Unpack work?
+                    retrieved = unpack(format, got)[0]
+                    self.assertEqual(x, retrieved)
+
+                    # Adding any byte should cause a "too big" error.
+                    self.assertRaises((struct.error, TypeError),
+                                      unpack, format, b'\x01' + got)
+
+                else:
+                    # x is out of range -- verify pack realizes that.
+                    if not PY_STRUCT_RANGE_CHECKING and code in self.BUGGY_RANGE_CHECK:
+                        if verbose:
+                            print("Skipping buggy range check for code", code)
+                    else:
+                        deprecated_err(pack, ">" + code, x)
+                        deprecated_err(pack, "<" + code, x)
+
+                # Much the same for unsigned.
+                code = self.unsigned_code
+                if self.unsigned_min <= x <= self.unsigned_max:
+                    # Try big-endian.
+                    format = ">" + code
+                    expected = x
+                    expected = hex(expected)[2:] # chop "0x"
+                    if len(expected) & 1:
+                        expected = "0" + expected
+                    expected = unhexlify(expected)
+                    expected = b"\x00" * (self.bytesize - len(expected)) + expected
+
+                    # Pack work?
+                    got = pack(format, x)
+                    self.assertEqual(got, expected)
+
+                    # Unpack work?
+                    retrieved = unpack(format, got)[0]
+                    self.assertEqual(x, retrieved)
+
+                    # Adding any byte should cause a "too big" error.
+                    self.assertRaises((struct.error, TypeError),
+                                      unpack, format, b'\x01' + got)
+
+                    # Try little-endian.
+                    format = "<" + code
+                    expected = string_reverse(expected)
+
+                    # Pack work?
+                    got = pack(format, x)
+                    self.assertEqual(got, expected)
+
+                    # Unpack work?
+                    retrieved = unpack(format, got)[0]
+                    self.assertEqual(x, retrieved)
+
+                    # Adding any byte should cause a "too big" error.
+                    self.assertRaises((struct.error, TypeError),
+                                      unpack, format, b'\x01' + got)
+
+                else:
+                    # x is out of range -- verify pack realizes that.
+                    if not PY_STRUCT_RANGE_CHECKING and code in self.BUGGY_RANGE_CHECK:
+                        if verbose:
+                            print("Skipping buggy range check for code", code)
+                    else:
+                        deprecated_err(pack, ">" + code, x)
+                        deprecated_err(pack, "<" + code, x)
+
+            def run(self):
+                from random import randrange
+
+                # Create all interesting powers of 2.
+                values = []
+                for exp in range(self.bitsize + 3):
+                    values.append(1 << exp)
+
+                # Add some random values.
+                for i in range(self.bitsize):
+                    val = 0
+                    for j in range(self.bytesize):
+                        val = (val << 8) | randrange(256)
+                    values.append(val)
+
+                # Try all those, and their negations, and +-1 from them.  Note
+                # that this tests all power-of-2 boundaries in range, and a few out
+                # of range, plus +-(2**n +- 1).
+                for base in values:
+                    for val in -base, base:
+                        for incr in -1, 0, 1:
+                            x = val + incr
+                            try:
+                                x = int(x)
+                            except OverflowError:
+                                pass
+                            self.test_one(x)
+
+                # Some error cases.
+                for direction in "<>":
+                    for code in self.formatpair:
+                        for badobject in "a string", 3+42j, randrange:
+                            self.assertRaises((struct.error, TypeError),
+                                               struct.pack, direction + code,
+                                               badobject)
+
+        for args in [("bB", 1),
+                     ("hH", 2),
+                     ("iI", 4),
+                     ("lL", 4),
+                     ("qQ", 8)]:
+            t = IntTester(*args)
+            t.run()
+
+    def test_p_code(self):
+        # Test p ("Pascal string") code.
+        for code, input, expected, expectedback in [
+                ('p','abc', '\x00', b''),
+                ('1p', 'abc', '\x00', b''),
+                ('2p', 'abc', '\x01a', b'a'),
+                ('3p', 'abc', '\x02ab', b'ab'),
+                ('4p', 'abc', '\x03abc', b'abc'),
+                ('5p', 'abc', '\x03abc\x00', b'abc'),
+                ('6p', 'abc', '\x03abc\x00\x00', b'abc'),
+                ('1000p', 'x'*1000, '\xff' + 'x'*999, b'x'*255)]:
+            expected = bytes(expected, "latin-1")
+            got = struct.pack(code, input)
+            self.assertEqual(got, expected)
+            (got,) = struct.unpack(code, got)
+            self.assertEqual(got, expectedback)
+
+    def test_705836(self):
+        # SF bug 705836.  "<f" and ">f" had a severe rounding bug, where a carry
+        # from the low-order discarded bits could propagate into the exponent
+        # field, causing the result to be wrong by a factor of 2.
+        import math
+
+        for base in range(1, 33):
+            # smaller <- largest representable float less than base.
+            delta = 0.5
+            while base - delta / 2.0 != base:
+                delta /= 2.0
+            smaller = base - delta
+            # Packing this rounds away a solid string of trailing 1 bits.
+            packed = struct.pack("<f", smaller)
+            unpacked = struct.unpack("<f", packed)[0]
+            # This failed at base = 2, 4, and 32, with unpacked = 1, 2, and
+            # 16, respectively.
+            self.assertEqual(base, unpacked)
+            bigpacked = struct.pack(">f", smaller)
+            self.assertEqual(bigpacked, string_reverse(packed))
+            unpacked = struct.unpack(">f", bigpacked)[0]
+            self.assertEqual(base, unpacked)
+
+        # Largest finite IEEE single.
+        big = (1 << 24) - 1
+        big = math.ldexp(big, 127 - 23)
+        packed = struct.pack(">f", big)
+        unpacked = struct.unpack(">f", packed)[0]
+        self.assertEqual(big, unpacked)
+
+        # The same, but tack on a 1 bit so it rounds up to infinity.
+        big = (1 << 25) - 1
+        big = math.ldexp(big, 127 - 24)
+        self.assertRaises(OverflowError, struct.pack, ">f", big)
+
+    if PY_STRUCT_RANGE_CHECKING:
+        def test_1229380(self):
+            # SF bug 1229380. No struct.pack exception for some out of
+            # range integers
+            import sys
+            for endian in ('', '>', '<'):
+                for fmt in ('B', 'H', 'I', 'L'):
+                    deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + fmt, -1)
+
+                deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + 'B', 300)
+                deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + 'H', 70000)
+
+                deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + 'I', sys.maxsize * 4)
+                deprecated_err(struct.pack, endian + 'L', sys.maxsize * 4)
+
+    def XXXtest_1530559(self):
+        # XXX This is broken: see the bug report
+        # SF bug 1530559. struct.pack raises TypeError where it used to convert.
+        for endian in ('', '>', '<'):
+            for fmt in ('B', 'H', 'I', 'L', 'b', 'h', 'i', 'l'):
+                self.check_float_coerce(endian + fmt, 1.0)
+                self.check_float_coerce(endian + fmt, 1.5)
+
+    def test_unpack_from(self):
+        test_string = b'abcd01234'
+        fmt = '4s'
+        s = struct.Struct(fmt)
+        for cls in (bytes, bytearray):
+            data = cls(test_string)
+            if not isinstance(data, (bytes, bytearray)):
+                bytes_data = bytes(data, 'latin1')
+            else:
+                bytes_data = data
+            self.assertEqual(s.unpack_from(data), (b'abcd',))
+            self.assertEqual(s.unpack_from(data, 2), (b'cd01',))
+            self.assertEqual(s.unpack_from(data, 4), (b'0123',))
+            for i in range(6):
+                self.assertEqual(s.unpack_from(data, i), (bytes_data[i:i+4],))
+            for i in range(6, len(test_string) + 1):
+                self.assertRaises(struct.error, s.unpack_from, data, i)
+        for cls in (bytes, bytearray):
+            data = cls(test_string)
+            self.assertEqual(struct.unpack_from(fmt, data), (b'abcd',))
+            self.assertEqual(struct.unpack_from(fmt, data, 2), (b'cd01',))
+            self.assertEqual(struct.unpack_from(fmt, data, 4), (b'0123',))
+            for i in range(6):
+                self.assertEqual(struct.unpack_from(fmt, data, i), (data[i:i+4],))
+            for i in range(6, len(test_string) + 1):
+                self.assertRaises(struct.error, struct.unpack_from, fmt, data, i)
+
+    def test_pack_into(self):
+        test_string = b'Reykjavik rocks, eow!'
+        writable_buf = array.array('b', b' '*100)
+        fmt = '21s'
+        s = struct.Struct(fmt)
+
+        # Test without offset
+        s.pack_into(writable_buf, 0, test_string)
+        from_buf = writable_buf.tostring()[:len(test_string)]
+        self.assertEqual(from_buf, test_string)
+
+        # Test with offset.
+        s.pack_into(writable_buf, 10, test_string)
+        from_buf = writable_buf.tostring()[:len(test_string)+10]
+        self.assertEqual(from_buf, test_string[:10] + test_string)
+
+        # Go beyond boundaries.
+        small_buf = array.array('b', b' '*10)
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, s.pack_into, small_buf, 0, test_string)
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, s.pack_into, small_buf, 2, test_string)
+
+    def test_pack_into_fn(self):
+        test_string = b'Reykjavik rocks, eow!'
+        writable_buf = array.array('b', b' '*100)
+        fmt = '21s'
+        pack_into = lambda *args: struct.pack_into(fmt, *args)
+
+        # Test without offset.
+        pack_into(writable_buf, 0, test_string)
+        from_buf = writable_buf.tostring()[:len(test_string)]
+        self.assertEqual(from_buf, test_string)
+
+        # Test with offset.
+        pack_into(writable_buf, 10, test_string)
+        from_buf = writable_buf.tostring()[:len(test_string)+10]
+        self.assertEqual(from_buf, test_string[:10] + test_string)
+
+        # Go beyond boundaries.
+        small_buf = array.array('b', b' '*10)
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, pack_into, small_buf, 0, test_string)
+        self.assertRaises(struct.error, pack_into, small_buf, 2, test_string)
+
+    def test_unpack_with_buffer(self):
+        # SF bug 1563759: struct.unpack doens't support buffer protocol objects
+        data1 = array.array('B', b'\x12\x34\x56\x78')
+        data2 = memoryview(b'\x12\x34\x56\x78') # XXX b'......XXXX......', 6, 4
+        for data in [data1, data2]:
+            value, = struct.unpack('>I', data)
+            self.assertEqual(value, 0x12345678)
+
+    def test_bool(self):
+        for prefix in tuple("<>!=")+('',):
+            false = (), [], [], '', 0
+            true = [1], 'test', 5, -1, 0xffffffff+1, 0xffffffff/2
+
+            falseFormat = prefix + '?' * len(false)
+            packedFalse = struct.pack(falseFormat, *false)
+            unpackedFalse = struct.unpack(falseFormat, packedFalse)
+
+            trueFormat = prefix + '?' * len(true)
+            packedTrue = struct.pack(trueFormat, *true)
+            unpackedTrue = struct.unpack(trueFormat, packedTrue)
+
+            self.assertEqual(len(true), len(unpackedTrue))
+            self.assertEqual(len(false), len(unpackedFalse))
+
+            for t in unpackedFalse:
+                self.assertFalse(t)
+            for t in unpackedTrue:
+                self.assertTrue(t)
+
+            packed = struct.pack(prefix+'?', 1)
+
+            self.assertEqual(len(packed), struct.calcsize(prefix+'?'))
+
+            if len(packed) != 1:
+                self.assertFalse(prefix, msg='encoded bool is not one byte: %r'
+                                             %packed)
+
+            for c in [b'\x01', b'\x7f', b'\xff', b'\x0f', b'\xf0']:
+                self.assertTrue(struct.unpack('>?', c)[0])
+
+def test_main():
+    run_unittest(StructTest)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    test_main()