#27364: fix "incorrect" uses of escape character in the stdlib.

And most of the tools.

Patch by Emanual Barry, reviewed by me, Serhiy Storchaka, and
Martin Panter.

34 files changed, 184 insertions, 184 deletions

diff --git a/Lib/test/_test_multiprocessing.py b/Lib/test/_test_multiprocessing.py
index d88cd07..c00846c 100644
--- a/Lib/test/_test_multiprocessing.py
+++ b/Lib/test/_test_multiprocessing.py
@@ -3857,7 +3857,7 @@ class TestSemaphoreTracker(unittest.TestCase):
         p.stderr.close()
         expected = 'semaphore_tracker: There appear to be 2 leaked semaphores'
         self.assertRegex(err, expected)
-        self.assertRegex(err, 'semaphore_tracker: %r: \[Errno' % name1)
+        self.assertRegex(err, r'semaphore_tracker: %r: \[Errno' % name1)
 
 #
 # Mixins
diff --git a/Lib/test/datetimetester.py b/Lib/test/datetimetester.py
index 86c9373..988c6f7 100644
--- a/Lib/test/datetimetester.py
+++ b/Lib/test/datetimetester.py
@@ -4001,12 +4001,12 @@ class Oddballs(unittest.TestCase):
                              datetime(xx, xx, xx, xx, xx, xx, xx))
 
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, '^an integer is required '
-                                               '\(got type str\)$'):
+                                              r'\(got type str\)$'):
             datetime(10, 10, '10')
 
         f10 = Number(10.9)
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, '^__int__ returned non-int '
-                                               '\(type float\)$'):
+                                              r'\(type float\)$'):
             datetime(10, 10, f10)
 
         class Float(float):
diff --git a/Lib/test/re_tests.py b/Lib/test/re_tests.py
index 8c158f8..d3692f8 100755
--- a/Lib/test/re_tests.py
+++ b/Lib/test/re_tests.py
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ tests = [
     ('(abc', '-', SYNTAX_ERROR),
     ('a]', 'a]', SUCCEED, 'found', 'a]'),
     ('a[]]b', 'a]b', SUCCEED, 'found', 'a]b'),
-    ('a[\]]b', 'a]b', SUCCEED, 'found', 'a]b'),
+    ('a[\\]]b', 'a]b', SUCCEED, 'found', 'a]b'),
     ('a[^bc]d', 'aed', SUCCEED, 'found', 'aed'),
     ('a[^bc]d', 'abd', FAIL),
     ('a[^-b]c', 'adc', SUCCEED, 'found', 'adc'),
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ tests = [
     # lookbehind: split by : but not if it is escaped by -.
     ('(?<!-):(.*?)(?<!-):', 'a:bc-:de:f', SUCCEED, 'g1', 'bc-:de' ),
     # escaping with \ as we know it
-    ('(?<!\\\):(.*?)(?<!\\\):', 'a:bc\\:de:f', SUCCEED, 'g1', 'bc\\:de' ),
+    ('(?<!\\\\):(.*?)(?<!\\\\):', 'a:bc\\:de:f', SUCCEED, 'g1', 'bc\\:de' ),
     # terminating with ' and escaping with ? as in edifact
     ("(?<!\\?)'(.*?)(?<!\\?)'", "a'bc?'de'f", SUCCEED, 'g1', "bc?'de" ),
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/sortperf.py b/Lib/test/sortperf.py
index 90722f7..171e5ce 100644
--- a/Lib/test/sortperf.py
+++ b/Lib/test/sortperf.py
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def doit(L):
     flush()
 
 def tabulate(r):
-    """Tabulate sort speed for lists of various sizes.
+    r"""Tabulate sort speed for lists of various sizes.
 
     The sizes are 2**i for i in r (the argument, a list).
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/support/__init__.py b/Lib/test/support/__init__.py
index 3e2ab43..8b66f95 100644
--- a/Lib/test/support/__init__.py
+++ b/Lib/test/support/__init__.py
@@ -2202,7 +2202,7 @@ def can_xattr():
                     os.setxattr(fp.fileno(), b"user.test", b"")
                     # Kernels < 2.6.39 don't respect setxattr flags.
                     kernel_version = platform.release()
-                    m = re.match("2.6.(\d{1,2})", kernel_version)
+                    m = re.match(r"2.6.(\d{1,2})", kernel_version)
                     can = m is None or int(m.group(1)) >= 39
                 except OSError:
                     can = False
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_asyncio/test_streams.py b/Lib/test/test_asyncio/test_streams.py
index 1783d5f..35557c3 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_asyncio/test_streams.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_asyncio/test_streams.py
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ os.close(fd)
         stream._waiter = asyncio.Future(loop=self.loop)
         self.assertRegex(
             repr(stream),
-            "<StreamReader w=<Future pending[\S ]*>>")
+            r"<StreamReader w=<Future pending[\S ]*>>")
         stream._waiter.set_result(None)
         self.loop.run_until_complete(stream._waiter)
         stream._waiter = None
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_builtin.py b/Lib/test/test_builtin.py
index 486f445..c0343ef 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_builtin.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_builtin.py
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ test_conv_no_sign = [
         ('', ValueError),
         (' ', ValueError),
         ('  \t\t  ', ValueError),
-        (str(b'\u0663\u0661\u0664 ','raw-unicode-escape'), 314),
+        (str(br'\u0663\u0661\u0664 ','raw-unicode-escape'), 314),
         (chr(0x200), ValueError),
 ]
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ test_conv_sign = [
         ('', ValueError),
         (' ', ValueError),
         ('  \t\t  ', ValueError),
-        (str(b'\u0663\u0661\u0664 ','raw-unicode-escape'), 314),
+        (str(br'\u0663\u0661\u0664 ','raw-unicode-escape'), 314),
         (chr(0x200), ValueError),
 ]
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_capi.py b/Lib/test/test_capi.py
index 6852381..5521e76 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_capi.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_capi.py
@@ -533,21 +533,21 @@ class SkipitemTest(unittest.TestCase):
         parse((1, 2, 3), {}, b'OOO', ['', '', 'a'])
         parse((1, 2), {'a': 3}, b'OOO', ['', '', 'a'])
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-                'Function takes at least 2 positional arguments \(1 given\)'):
+               r'Function takes at least 2 positional arguments \(1 given\)'):
             parse((1,), {'a': 3}, b'OOO', ['', '', 'a'])
         parse((1,), {}, b'O|OO', ['', '', 'a'])
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-                'Function takes at least 1 positional arguments \(0 given\)'):
+               r'Function takes at least 1 positional arguments \(0 given\)'):
             parse((), {}, b'O|OO', ['', '', 'a'])
         parse((1, 2), {'a': 3}, b'OO$O', ['', '', 'a'])
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-                'Function takes exactly 2 positional arguments \(1 given\)'):
+               r'Function takes exactly 2 positional arguments \(1 given\)'):
             parse((1,), {'a': 3}, b'OO$O', ['', '', 'a'])
         parse((1,), {}, b'O|O$O', ['', '', 'a'])
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-                'Function takes at least 1 positional arguments \(0 given\)'):
+               r'Function takes at least 1 positional arguments \(0 given\)'):
             parse((), {}, b'O|O$O', ['', '', 'a'])
-        with self.assertRaisesRegex(SystemError, 'Empty parameter name after \$'):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(SystemError, r'Empty parameter name after \$'):
             parse((1,), {}, b'O|$OO', ['', '', 'a'])
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(SystemError, 'Empty keyword'):
             parse((1,), {}, b'O|OO', ['', 'a', ''])
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_cgi.py b/Lib/test/test_cgi.py
index 1647849..6373221 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_cgi.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_cgi.py
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ class CgiTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_escape(self):
         # cgi.escape() is deprecated.
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
-            warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', 'cgi\.escape',
+            warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', r'cgi\.escape',
                                      DeprecationWarning)
             self.assertEqual("test &amp; string", cgi.escape("test & string"))
             self.assertEqual("&lt;test string&gt;", cgi.escape("<test string>"))
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_codeccallbacks.py b/Lib/test/test_codeccallbacks.py
index c8cdacf..6a3e993 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_codeccallbacks.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_codeccallbacks.py
@@ -280,12 +280,12 @@ class CodecCallbackTest(unittest.TestCase):
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            b"\\u3042\u3xxx".decode("unicode-escape", "test.handler1"),
+            b"\\u3042\\u3xxx".decode("unicode-escape", "test.handler1"),
             "\u3042[<92><117><51>]xxx"
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            b"\\u3042\u3xx".decode("unicode-escape", "test.handler1"),
+            b"\\u3042\\u3xx".decode("unicode-escape", "test.handler1"),
             "\u3042[<92><117><51>]xx"
         )
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_codecs.py b/Lib/test/test_codecs.py
index 825a7dd..1af5524 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_codecs.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_codecs.py
@@ -2703,8 +2703,8 @@ class TransformCodecTest(unittest.TestCase):
         bad_input = "bad input type"
         for encoding in bytes_transform_encodings:
             with self.subTest(encoding=encoding):
-                fmt = ( "{!r} is not a text encoding; "
-                        "use codecs.encode\(\) to handle arbitrary codecs")
+                fmt = (r"{!r} is not a text encoding; "
+                       r"use codecs.encode\(\) to handle arbitrary codecs")
                 msg = fmt.format(encoding)
                 with self.assertRaisesRegex(LookupError, msg) as failure:
                     bad_input.encode(encoding)
@@ -2713,7 +2713,7 @@ class TransformCodecTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_text_to_binary_blacklists_text_transforms(self):
         # Check str.encode gives a good error message for str -> str codecs
         msg = (r"^'rot_13' is not a text encoding; "
-                "use codecs.encode\(\) to handle arbitrary codecs")
+               r"use codecs.encode\(\) to handle arbitrary codecs")
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(LookupError, msg):
             "just an example message".encode("rot_13")
 
@@ -2725,7 +2725,7 @@ class TransformCodecTest(unittest.TestCase):
             with self.subTest(encoding=encoding):
                 encoded_data = codecs.encode(data, encoding)
                 fmt = (r"{!r} is not a text encoding; "
-                        "use codecs.decode\(\) to handle arbitrary codecs")
+                       r"use codecs.decode\(\) to handle arbitrary codecs")
                 msg = fmt.format(encoding)
                 with self.assertRaisesRegex(LookupError, msg):
                     encoded_data.decode(encoding)
@@ -2737,7 +2737,7 @@ class TransformCodecTest(unittest.TestCase):
         for bad_input in (b"immutable", bytearray(b"mutable")):
             with self.subTest(bad_input=bad_input):
                 msg = (r"^'rot_13' is not a text encoding; "
-                        "use codecs.decode\(\) to handle arbitrary codecs")
+                       r"use codecs.decode\(\) to handle arbitrary codecs")
                 with self.assertRaisesRegex(LookupError, msg) as failure:
                     bad_input.decode("rot_13")
                 self.assertIsNone(failure.exception.__cause__)
@@ -2956,12 +2956,12 @@ class ExceptionChainingTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(decoded, b"not str!")
         # Text model methods should complain
         fmt = (r"^{!r} encoder returned 'str' instead of 'bytes'; "
-                "use codecs.encode\(\) to encode to arbitrary types$")
+               r"use codecs.encode\(\) to encode to arbitrary types$")
         msg = fmt.format(self.codec_name)
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, msg):
             "str_input".encode(self.codec_name)
         fmt = (r"^{!r} decoder returned 'bytes' instead of 'str'; "
-                "use codecs.decode\(\) to decode to arbitrary types$")
+               r"use codecs.decode\(\) to decode to arbitrary types$")
         msg = fmt.format(self.codec_name)
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, msg):
             b"bytes input".decode(self.codec_name)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_coroutines.py b/Lib/test/test_coroutines.py
index e52654c..ee2482d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_coroutines.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_coroutines.py
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ class CoroutineTest(unittest.TestCase):
             return await Awaitable()
 
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(
-            TypeError, "__await__\(\) returned a coroutine"):
+            TypeError, r"__await__\(\) returned a coroutine"):
 
             run_async(foo())
 
@@ -1333,7 +1333,7 @@ class CoroutineTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(
                 TypeError,
-                "async for' received an invalid object.*__aiter.*\: I"):
+                r"async for' received an invalid object.*__aiter.*\: I"):
 
             run_async(foo())
 
@@ -1667,8 +1667,8 @@ class SysSetCoroWrapperTest(unittest.TestCase):
         try:
             with silence_coro_gc(), self.assertRaisesRegex(
                 RuntimeError,
-                "coroutine wrapper.*\.wrapper at 0x.*attempted to "
-                "recursively wrap .* wrap .*"):
+                r"coroutine wrapper.*\.wrapper at 0x.*attempted to "
+                r"recursively wrap .* wrap .*"):
 
                 foo()
         finally:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_doctest.py b/Lib/test/test_doctest.py
index a9520a5..2258c6b 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_doctest.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_doctest.py
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ constructor:
     ...
     ... Non-example text.
     ...
-    ...     >>> print('another\example')
+    ...     >>> print('another\\example')
     ...     another
     ...     example
     ... '''
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_email/test__header_value_parser.py b/Lib/test/test_email/test__header_value_parser.py
index f7ac0e3..26ece69 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_email/test__header_value_parser.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_email/test__header_value_parser.py
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ class TestParser(TestParserMixin, TestEmailBase):
 
     def test_get_comment_quoted_parens(self):
         self._test_get_x(parser.get_comment,
-            '(foo\) \(\)bar)', '(foo\) \(\)bar)', ' ', [], '', ['foo) ()bar'])
+            r'(foo\) \(\)bar)', r'(foo\) \(\)bar)', ' ', [], '', ['foo) ()bar'])
 
     def test_get_comment_non_printable(self):
         self._test_get_x(parser.get_comment,
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ class TestParser(TestParserMixin, TestEmailBase):
 
     def test_get_comment_qs_in_nested_comment(self):
         comment = self._test_get_x(parser.get_comment,
-            '(foo (b\)))', '(foo (b\)))', ' ', [], '', ['foo (b\))'])
+            r'(foo (b\)))', r'(foo (b\)))', ' ', [], '', [r'foo (b\))'])
         self.assertEqual(comment[2].content, 'b)')
 
     # get_cfws
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_email/test_email.py b/Lib/test/test_email/test_email.py
index 529d3ef..e95f08d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_email/test_email.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_email/test_email.py
@@ -3040,7 +3040,7 @@ class TestMiscellaneous(TestEmailBase):
 
     def test_escape_backslashes(self):
         self.assertEqual(
-            utils.formataddr(('Arthur \Backslash\ Foobar', 'person@dom.ain')),
+            utils.formataddr((r'Arthur \Backslash\ Foobar', 'person@dom.ain')),
             r'"Arthur \\Backslash\\ Foobar" <person@dom.ain>')
         a = r'Arthur \Backslash\ Foobar'
         b = 'person@dom.ain'
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_faulthandler.py b/Lib/test/test_faulthandler.py
index 1ff17bb..d2bd2d2 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_faulthandler.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_faulthandler.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class FaultHandlerTests(unittest.TestCase):
                 header = 'Thread 0x[0-9a-f]+'
         else:
             header = 'Stack'
-        regex = """
+        regex = r"""
             ^{fatal_error}
 
             {header} \(most recent call first\):
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ class FaultHandlerTests(unittest.TestCase):
             lineno = 8
         else:
             lineno = 10
-        regex = """
+        regex = r"""
             ^Thread 0x[0-9a-f]+ \(most recent call first\):
             (?:  File ".*threading.py", line [0-9]+ in [_a-z]+
             ){{1,3}}  File "<string>", line 23 in run
@@ -669,9 +669,9 @@ class FaultHandlerTests(unittest.TestCase):
         trace = '\n'.join(trace)
         if not unregister:
             if all_threads:
-                regex = 'Current thread 0x[0-9a-f]+ \(most recent call first\):\n'
+                regex = r'Current thread 0x[0-9a-f]+ \(most recent call first\):\n'
             else:
-                regex = 'Stack \(most recent call first\):\n'
+                regex = r'Stack \(most recent call first\):\n'
             regex = expected_traceback(14, 32, regex)
             self.assertRegex(trace, regex)
         else:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_fnmatch.py b/Lib/test/test_fnmatch.py
index fa37f90..a5f5832 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_fnmatch.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_fnmatch.py
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ class FnmatchTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 class TranslateTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_translate(self):
-        self.assertEqual(translate('*'), '.*\Z(?ms)')
-        self.assertEqual(translate('?'), '.\Z(?ms)')
-        self.assertEqual(translate('a?b*'), 'a.b.*\Z(?ms)')
-        self.assertEqual(translate('[abc]'), '[abc]\Z(?ms)')
-        self.assertEqual(translate('[]]'), '[]]\Z(?ms)')
-        self.assertEqual(translate('[!x]'), '[^x]\Z(?ms)')
-        self.assertEqual(translate('[^x]'), '[\\^x]\Z(?ms)')
-        self.assertEqual(translate('[x'), '\\[x\Z(?ms)')
+        self.assertEqual(translate('*'), r'.*\Z(?ms)')
+        self.assertEqual(translate('?'), r'.\Z(?ms)')
+        self.assertEqual(translate('a?b*'), r'a.b.*\Z(?ms)')
+        self.assertEqual(translate('[abc]'), r'[abc]\Z(?ms)')
+        self.assertEqual(translate('[]]'), r'[]]\Z(?ms)')
+        self.assertEqual(translate('[!x]'), r'[^x]\Z(?ms)')
+        self.assertEqual(translate('[^x]'), r'[\^x]\Z(?ms)')
+        self.assertEqual(translate('[x'), r'\[x\Z(?ms)')
 
 
 class FilterTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_future.py b/Lib/test/test_future.py
index beac993..213b2ba 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_future.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_future.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import unittest
 from test import support
 import re
 
-rx = re.compile('\((\S+).py, line (\d+)')
+rx = re.compile(r'\((\S+).py, line (\d+)')
 
 def get_error_location(msg):
     mo = rx.search(str(msg))
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_gdb.py b/Lib/test/test_gdb.py
index ff65190..5fbf154 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_gdb.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_gdb.py
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ class DebuggerTests(unittest.TestCase):
         # gdb can insert additional '\n' and space characters in various places
         # in its output, depending on the width of the terminal it's connected
         # to (using its "wrap_here" function)
-        m = re.match('.*#0\s+builtin_id\s+\(self\=.*,\s+v=\s*(.*?)\)\s+at\s+\S*Python/bltinmodule.c.*',
+        m = re.match(r'.*#0\s+builtin_id\s+\(self\=.*,\s+v=\s*(.*?)\)\s+at\s+\S*Python/bltinmodule.c.*',
                      gdb_output, re.DOTALL)
         if not m:
             self.fail('Unexpected gdb output: %r\n%s' % (gdb_output, gdb_output))
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ class Foo:
 foo = Foo()
 foo.an_attr = foo
 id(foo)''')
-        self.assertTrue(re.match('<Foo\(an_attr=<\.\.\.>\) at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>',
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r'<Foo\(an_attr=<\.\.\.>\) at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>',
                                  gdb_repr),
                         'Unexpected gdb representation: %r\n%s' % \
                             (gdb_repr, gdb_output))
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ class Foo(object):
 foo = Foo()
 foo.an_attr = foo
 id(foo)''')
-        self.assertTrue(re.match('<Foo\(an_attr=<\.\.\.>\) at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>',
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r'<Foo\(an_attr=<\.\.\.>\) at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>',
                                  gdb_repr),
                         'Unexpected gdb representation: %r\n%s' % \
                             (gdb_repr, gdb_output))
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ b = Foo()
 a.an_attr = b
 b.an_attr = a
 id(a)''')
-        self.assertTrue(re.match('<Foo\(an_attr=<Foo\(an_attr=<\.\.\.>\) at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>\) at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>',
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r'<Foo\(an_attr=<Foo\(an_attr=<\.\.\.>\) at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>\) at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>',
                                  gdb_repr),
                         'Unexpected gdb representation: %r\n%s' % \
                             (gdb_repr, gdb_output))
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ id(a)''')
 
     def test_builtin_method(self):
         gdb_repr, gdb_output = self.get_gdb_repr('import sys; id(sys.stdout.readlines)')
-        self.assertTrue(re.match('<built-in method readlines of _io.TextIOWrapper object at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>',
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r'<built-in method readlines of _io.TextIOWrapper object at remote 0x-?[0-9a-f]+>',
                                  gdb_repr),
                         'Unexpected gdb representation: %r\n%s' % \
                             (gdb_repr, gdb_output))
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ id(foo.__code__)''',
                                           breakpoint='builtin_id',
                                           cmds_after_breakpoint=['print (PyFrameObject*)(((PyCodeObject*)v)->co_zombieframe)']
                                           )
-        self.assertTrue(re.match('.*\s+\$1 =\s+Frame 0x-?[0-9a-f]+, for file <string>, line 3, in foo \(\)\s+.*',
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r'.*\s+\$1 =\s+Frame 0x-?[0-9a-f]+, for file <string>, line 3, in foo \(\)\s+.*',
                                  gdb_output,
                                  re.DOTALL),
                         'Unexpected gdb representation: %r\n%s' % (gdb_output, gdb_output))
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_getargs2.py b/Lib/test/test_getargs2.py
index 0fbe12d..8a194aa 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_getargs2.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_getargs2.py
@@ -625,20 +625,20 @@ class KeywordOnly_TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
             )
         # required arg missing
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-            "Required argument 'required' \(pos 1\) not found"):
+            r"Required argument 'required' \(pos 1\) not found"):
             getargs_keyword_only(optional=2)
 
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-            "Required argument 'required' \(pos 1\) not found"):
+            r"Required argument 'required' \(pos 1\) not found"):
             getargs_keyword_only(keyword_only=3)
 
     def test_too_many_args(self):
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-            "Function takes at most 2 positional arguments \(3 given\)"):
+            r"Function takes at most 2 positional arguments \(3 given\)"):
             getargs_keyword_only(1, 2, 3)
 
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-            "function takes at most 3 arguments \(4 given\)"):
+            r"function takes at most 3 arguments \(4 given\)"):
             getargs_keyword_only(1, 2, 3, keyword_only=5)
 
     def test_invalid_keyword(self):
@@ -673,11 +673,11 @@ class PositionalOnlyAndKeywords_TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(self.getargs(1), (1, -1, -1))
         # required positional arg missing
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-            "Function takes at least 1 positional arguments \(0 given\)"):
+            r"Function takes at least 1 positional arguments \(0 given\)"):
             self.getargs()
 
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
-            "Function takes at least 1 positional arguments \(0 given\)"):
+            r"Function takes at least 1 positional arguments \(0 given\)"):
             self.getargs(keyword=3)
 
     def test_empty_keyword(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_htmlparser.py b/Lib/test/test_htmlparser.py
index a7f53d3..326e342 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_htmlparser.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_htmlparser.py
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ class AttributesTestCase(TestCaseBase):
 
     def test_attr_funky_names2(self):
         self._run_check(
-            "<a $><b $=%><c \=/>",
+            r"<a $><b $=%><c \=/>",
             [("starttag", "a", [("$", None)]),
              ("starttag", "b", [("$", "%")]),
              ("starttag", "c", [("\\", "/")])])
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_http_cookiejar.py b/Lib/test/test_http_cookiejar.py
index 49c01ae..6fee4df 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_http_cookiejar.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_http_cookiejar.py
@@ -1051,7 +1051,7 @@ class CookieTests(unittest.TestCase):
         url = "http://foo.bar.com/"
         interact_2965(c, url, "spam=eggs; Version=1; Port")
         h = interact_2965(c, url)
-        self.assertRegex(h, "\$Port([^=]|$)",
+        self.assertRegex(h, r"\$Port([^=]|$)",
                          "port with no value not returned with no value")
 
         c = CookieJar(pol)
@@ -1396,9 +1396,9 @@ class LWPCookieTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertRegex(cookie, r'^\$Version="?1"?;')
         self.assertRegex(cookie, r'Part_Number="?Rocket_Launcher_0001"?;'
-                                  '\s*\$Path="\/acme"')
+                                 r'\s*\$Path="\/acme"')
         self.assertRegex(cookie, r'Customer="?WILE_E_COYOTE"?;'
-                                  '\s*\$Path="\/acme"')
+                                 r'\s*\$Path="\/acme"')
 
         #
         #   7.  User Agent -> Server
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_mailcap.py b/Lib/test/test_mailcap.py
index 623fadb..5c7d6cb 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_mailcap.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_mailcap.py
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class HelperFunctionTest(unittest.TestCase):
             (["echo foo", "audio/*", "foo.txt"], "echo foo"),
             (["echo %s", "audio/*", "foo.txt"], "echo foo.txt"),
             (["echo %t", "audio/*", "foo.txt"], "echo audio/*"),
-            (["echo \%t", "audio/*", "foo.txt"], "echo %t"),
+            (["echo \\%t", "audio/*", "foo.txt"], "echo %t"),
             (["echo foo", "audio/*", "foo.txt", plist], "echo foo"),
             (["echo %{total}", "audio/*", "foo.txt", plist], "echo 3")
         ]
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_os.py b/Lib/test/test_os.py
index aee31ed..b504cf7 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_os.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_os.py
@@ -2086,7 +2086,7 @@ class Win32JunctionTests(unittest.TestCase):
 class NonLocalSymlinkTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def setUp(self):
-        """
+        r"""
         Create this structure:
 
         base
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_platform.py b/Lib/test/test_platform.py
index ed18773..8eed7c0 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_platform.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_platform.py
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class PlatformTest(unittest.TestCase):
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
             warnings.filterwarnings(
                 'ignore',
-                'dist\(\) and linux_distribution\(\) '
+                r'dist\(\) and linux_distribution\(\) '
                 'functions are deprecated .*',
                 PendingDeprecationWarning,
             )
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ class PlatformTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 with warnings.catch_warnings():
                     warnings.filterwarnings(
                         'ignore',
-                        'dist\(\) and linux_distribution\(\) '
+                        r'dist\(\) and linux_distribution\(\) '
                         'functions are deprecated .*',
                         PendingDeprecationWarning,
                     )
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_re.py b/Lib/test/test_re.py
index 24a0604..02fed21 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_re.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_re.py
@@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('(.)', re.escape(s), 'x'), s)
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('(.)', lambda m: s, 'x'), s)
 
-        self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<a>x)', '\g<a>\g<a>', 'xx'), 'xxxx')
-        self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<a>x)', '\g<a>\g<1>', 'xx'), 'xxxx')
-        self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<unk>x)', '\g<unk>\g<unk>', 'xx'), 'xxxx')
-        self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<unk>x)', '\g<1>\g<1>', 'xx'), 'xxxx')
+        self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<a>\g<a>', 'xx'), 'xxxx')
+        self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<a>\g<1>', 'xx'), 'xxxx')
+        self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<unk>x)', r'\g<unk>\g<unk>', 'xx'), 'xxxx')
+        self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<unk>x)', r'\g<1>\g<1>', 'xx'), 'xxxx')
 
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('a', r'\t\n\v\r\f\a\b', 'a'), '\t\n\v\r\f\a\b')
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('a', '\t\n\v\r\f\a\b', 'a'), '\t\n\v\r\f\a\b')
@@ -127,11 +127,11 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
                 with self.assertRaises(re.error):
                     self.assertEqual(re.sub('a', '\\' + c, 'a'), '\\' + c)
 
-        self.assertEqual(re.sub('^\s*', 'X', 'test'), 'Xtest')
+        self.assertEqual(re.sub(r'^\s*', 'X', 'test'), 'Xtest')
 
     def test_bug_449964(self):
         # fails for group followed by other escape
-        self.assertEqual(re.sub(r'(?P<unk>x)', '\g<1>\g<1>\\b', 'xx'),
+        self.assertEqual(re.sub(r'(?P<unk>x)', r'\g<1>\g<1>\b', 'xx'),
                          'xx\bxx\b')
 
     def test_bug_449000(self):
@@ -218,26 +218,26 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('x+', '-', 'abxd'), 'ab-d')
 
     def test_symbolic_groups(self):
-        re.compile('(?P<a>x)(?P=a)(?(a)y)')
-        re.compile('(?P<a1>x)(?P=a1)(?(a1)y)')
-        re.compile('(?P<a1>x)\1(?(1)y)')
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P<a>)(?P<a>)',
+        re.compile(r'(?P<a>x)(?P=a)(?(a)y)')
+        re.compile(r'(?P<a1>x)(?P=a1)(?(a1)y)')
+        re.compile(r'(?P<a1>x)\1(?(1)y)')
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<a>)(?P<a>)',
                                "redefinition of group name 'a' as group 2; "
                                "was group 1")
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P<a>(?P=a))',
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<a>(?P=a))',
                                "cannot refer to an open group", 10)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?Pxy)', 'unknown extension ?Px')
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P<a>)(?P=a', 'missing ), unterminated name', 11)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P=', 'missing group name', 4)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P=)', 'missing group name', 4)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P=1)', "bad character in group name '1'", 4)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P=a)', "unknown group name 'a'")
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P=a1)', "unknown group name 'a1'")
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P=a.)', "bad character in group name 'a.'", 4)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P<)', 'missing >, unterminated name', 4)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P<a', 'missing >, unterminated name', 4)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P<', 'missing group name', 4)
-        self.checkPatternError('(?P<>)', 'missing group name', 4)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?Pxy)', 'unknown extension ?Px')
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<a>)(?P=a', 'missing ), unterminated name', 11)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P=', 'missing group name', 4)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P=)', 'missing group name', 4)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P=1)', "bad character in group name '1'", 4)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P=a)', "unknown group name 'a'")
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P=a1)', "unknown group name 'a1'")
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P=a.)', "bad character in group name 'a.'", 4)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<)', 'missing >, unterminated name', 4)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<a', 'missing >, unterminated name', 4)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<', 'missing group name', 4)
+        self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<>)', 'missing group name', 4)
         self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<1>)', "bad character in group name '1'", 4)
         self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<a.>)', "bad character in group name 'a.'", 4)
         self.checkPatternError(r'(?(', 'missing group name', 3)
@@ -256,35 +256,35 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(re.match(pat, 'xc8yz').span(), (0, 5))
 
     def test_symbolic_refs(self):
-        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', '\g<a', 'xx',
+        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<a', 'xx',
                                 'missing >, unterminated name', 3)
-        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', '\g<', 'xx',
+        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<', 'xx',
                                 'missing group name', 3)
-        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', '\g', 'xx', 'missing <', 2)
-        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', '\g<a a>', 'xx',
+        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g', 'xx', 'missing <', 2)
+        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<a a>', 'xx',
                                 "bad character in group name 'a a'", 3)
-        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', '\g<>', 'xx',
+        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<>', 'xx',
                                 'missing group name', 3)
-        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', '\g<1a1>', 'xx',
+        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<1a1>', 'xx',
                                 "bad character in group name '1a1'", 3)
         self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<2>', 'xx',
                                 'invalid group reference')
         self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\2', 'xx',
                                 'invalid group reference')
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(IndexError, "unknown group name 'ab'"):
-            re.sub('(?P<a>x)', '\g<ab>', 'xx')
+            re.sub('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<ab>', 'xx')
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<a>x)|(?P<b>y)', r'\g<b>', 'xx'), '')
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<a>x)|(?P<b>y)', r'\2', 'xx'), '')
-        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', '\g<-1>', 'xx',
+        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<-1>', 'xx',
                                 "bad character in group name '-1'", 3)
         # New valid/invalid identifiers in Python 3
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<µ>x)', r'\g<µ>', 'xx'), 'xx')
         self.assertEqual(re.sub('(?P<𝔘𝔫𝔦𝔠𝔬𝔡𝔢>x)', r'\g<𝔘𝔫𝔦𝔠𝔬𝔡𝔢>', 'xx'), 'xx')
-        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', '\g<©>', 'xx',
+        self.checkTemplateError('(?P<a>x)', r'\g<©>', 'xx',
                                 "bad character in group name '©'", 3)
         # Support > 100 groups.
         pat = '|'.join('x(?P<a%d>%x)y' % (i, i) for i in range(1, 200 + 1))
-        self.assertEqual(re.sub(pat, '\g<200>', 'xc8yzxc8y'), 'c8zc8')
+        self.assertEqual(re.sub(pat, r'\g<200>', 'xc8yzxc8y'), 'c8zc8')
 
     def test_re_subn(self):
         self.assertEqual(re.subn("(?i)b+", "x", "bbbb BBBB"), ('x x', 2))
@@ -472,19 +472,19 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
             re.compile(r".*?").fullmatch("abcd", pos=1, endpos=3).span(), (1, 3))
 
     def test_re_groupref_exists(self):
-        self.assertEqual(re.match('^(\()?([^()]+)(?(1)\))$', '(a)').groups(),
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r'^(\()?([^()]+)(?(1)\))$', '(a)').groups(),
                          ('(', 'a'))
-        self.assertEqual(re.match('^(\()?([^()]+)(?(1)\))$', 'a').groups(),
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r'^(\()?([^()]+)(?(1)\))$', 'a').groups(),
                          (None, 'a'))
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match('^(\()?([^()]+)(?(1)\))$', 'a)'))
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match('^(\()?([^()]+)(?(1)\))$', '(a'))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r'^(\()?([^()]+)(?(1)\))$', 'a)'))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r'^(\()?([^()]+)(?(1)\))$', '(a'))
         self.assertEqual(re.match('^(?:(a)|c)((?(1)b|d))$', 'ab').groups(),
                          ('a', 'b'))
-        self.assertEqual(re.match('^(?:(a)|c)((?(1)b|d))$', 'cd').groups(),
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r'^(?:(a)|c)((?(1)b|d))$', 'cd').groups(),
                          (None, 'd'))
-        self.assertEqual(re.match('^(?:(a)|c)((?(1)|d))$', 'cd').groups(),
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r'^(?:(a)|c)((?(1)|d))$', 'cd').groups(),
                          (None, 'd'))
-        self.assertEqual(re.match('^(?:(a)|c)((?(1)|d))$', 'a').groups(),
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r'^(?:(a)|c)((?(1)|d))$', 'a').groups(),
                          ('a', ''))
 
         # Tests for bug #1177831: exercise groups other than the first group
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
                                'two branches', 10)
 
     def test_re_groupref_overflow(self):
-        self.checkTemplateError('()', '\g<%s>' % sre_constants.MAXGROUPS, 'xx',
+        self.checkTemplateError('()', r'\g<%s>' % sre_constants.MAXGROUPS, 'xx',
                                 'invalid group reference', 3)
         self.checkPatternError(r'(?P<a>)(?(%d))' % sre_constants.MAXGROUPS,
                                'invalid group reference', 10)
@@ -544,37 +544,37 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
                          " ")
 
     def test_repeat_minmax(self):
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^(\w){1}$", "abc"))
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^(\w){1}?$", "abc"))
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^(\w){1,2}$", "abc"))
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^(\w){1,2}?$", "abc"))
-
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("^(\w){3}$", "abc").group(1), "c")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("^(\w){1,3}$", "abc").group(1), "c")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("^(\w){1,4}$", "abc").group(1), "c")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("^(\w){3,4}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("^(\w){3}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("^(\w){1,3}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("^(\w){1,4}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("^(\w){3,4}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
-
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^x{1}$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^x{1}?$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^x{1,2}$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^x{1,2}?$", "xxx"))
-
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{3}$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{1,3}$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{3,3}$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{1,4}$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{3,4}?$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{3}?$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{1,3}?$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{1,4}?$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{3,4}?$", "xxx"))
-
-        self.assertIsNone(re.match("^x{}$", "xxx"))
-        self.assertTrue(re.match("^x{}$", "x{}"))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^(\w){1}$", "abc"))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^(\w){1}?$", "abc"))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^(\w){1,2}$", "abc"))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^(\w){1,2}?$", "abc"))
+
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"^(\w){3}$", "abc").group(1), "c")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"^(\w){1,3}$", "abc").group(1), "c")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"^(\w){1,4}$", "abc").group(1), "c")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"^(\w){3,4}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"^(\w){3}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"^(\w){1,3}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"^(\w){1,4}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"^(\w){3,4}?$", "abc").group(1), "c")
+
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^x{1}$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^x{1}?$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^x{1,2}$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^x{1,2}?$", "xxx"))
+
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{3}$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{1,3}$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{3,3}$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{1,4}$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{3,4}?$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{3}?$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{1,3}?$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{1,4}?$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{3,4}?$", "xxx"))
+
+        self.assertIsNone(re.match(r"^x{}$", "xxx"))
+        self.assertTrue(re.match(r"^x{}$", "x{}"))
 
         self.checkPatternError(r'x{2,1}',
                                'min repeat greater than max repeat', 2)
@@ -697,10 +697,10 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
                          "a\n\nb")
 
     def test_lookahead(self):
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("(a(?=\s[^a]))", "a b").group(1), "a")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("(a(?=\s[^a]*))", "a b").group(1), "a")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("(a(?=\s[abc]))", "a b").group(1), "a")
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("(a(?=\s[abc]*))", "a bc").group(1), "a")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"(a(?=\s[^a]))", "a b").group(1), "a")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"(a(?=\s[^a]*))", "a b").group(1), "a")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"(a(?=\s[abc]))", "a b").group(1), "a")
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"(a(?=\s[abc]*))", "a bc").group(1), "a")
         self.assertEqual(re.match(r"(a)(?=\s\1)", "a a").group(1), "a")
         self.assertEqual(re.match(r"(a)(?=\s\1*)", "a aa").group(1), "a")
         self.assertEqual(re.match(r"(a)(?=\s(abc|a))", "a a").group(1), "a")
@@ -848,12 +848,12 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(re.match(b"abc", b"ABC", re.I|re.L).group(0), b"ABC")
 
     def test_not_literal(self):
-        self.assertEqual(re.search("\s([^a])", " b").group(1), "b")
-        self.assertEqual(re.search("\s([^a]*)", " bb").group(1), "bb")
+        self.assertEqual(re.search(r"\s([^a])", " b").group(1), "b")
+        self.assertEqual(re.search(r"\s([^a]*)", " bb").group(1), "bb")
 
     def test_search_coverage(self):
-        self.assertEqual(re.search("\s(b)", " b").group(1), "b")
-        self.assertEqual(re.search("a\s", "a ").group(0), "a ")
+        self.assertEqual(re.search(r"\s(b)", " b").group(1), "b")
+        self.assertEqual(re.search(r"a\s", "a ").group(0), "a ")
 
     def assertMatch(self, pattern, text, match=None, span=None,
                     matcher=re.match):
@@ -1055,8 +1055,8 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIsNone(re.match(r'(a)?a','a').lastindex)
         self.assertEqual(re.match(r'(a)(b)?b','ab').lastindex, 1)
         self.assertEqual(re.match(r'(?P<a>a)(?P<b>b)?b','ab').lastgroup, 'a')
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("(?P<a>a(b))", "ab").lastgroup, 'a')
-        self.assertEqual(re.match("((a))", "a").lastindex, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"(?P<a>a(b))", "ab").lastgroup, 'a')
+        self.assertEqual(re.match(r"((a))", "a").lastindex, 1)
 
     def test_bug_418626(self):
         # bugs 418626 at al. -- Testing Greg Chapman's addition of op code
@@ -1228,7 +1228,7 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
             '\uff10', # '\N{FULLWIDTH DIGIT ZERO}', category 'Nd'
             ]
         for x in decimal_digits:
-            self.assertEqual(re.match('^\d$', x).group(0), x)
+            self.assertEqual(re.match(r'^\d$', x).group(0), x)
 
         not_decimal_digits = [
             '\u2165', # '\N{ROMAN NUMERAL SIX}', category 'Nl'
@@ -1237,7 +1237,7 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
             '\u32b4', # '\N{CIRCLED NUMBER THIRTY NINE}', category 'No'
             ]
         for x in not_decimal_digits:
-            self.assertIsNone(re.match('^\d$', x))
+            self.assertIsNone(re.match(r'^\d$', x))
 
     def test_empty_array(self):
         # SF buf 1647541
@@ -1306,29 +1306,29 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         for flags in (0, re.UNICODE):
             pat = re.compile('\xc0', flags | re.IGNORECASE)
             self.assertTrue(pat.match('\xe0'))
-            pat = re.compile('\w', flags)
+            pat = re.compile(r'\w', flags)
             self.assertTrue(pat.match('\xe0'))
         pat = re.compile('\xc0', re.ASCII | re.IGNORECASE)
         self.assertIsNone(pat.match('\xe0'))
         pat = re.compile('(?a)\xc0', re.IGNORECASE)
         self.assertIsNone(pat.match('\xe0'))
-        pat = re.compile('\w', re.ASCII)
+        pat = re.compile(r'\w', re.ASCII)
         self.assertIsNone(pat.match('\xe0'))
-        pat = re.compile('(?a)\w')
+        pat = re.compile(r'(?a)\w')
         self.assertIsNone(pat.match('\xe0'))
         # Bytes patterns
         for flags in (0, re.ASCII):
             pat = re.compile(b'\xc0', flags | re.IGNORECASE)
             self.assertIsNone(pat.match(b'\xe0'))
-            pat = re.compile(b'\w', flags)
+            pat = re.compile(br'\w', flags)
             self.assertIsNone(pat.match(b'\xe0'))
         # Incompatibilities
-        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, b'\w', re.UNICODE)
-        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, b'(?u)\w')
-        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, '\w', re.UNICODE | re.ASCII)
-        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, '(?u)\w', re.ASCII)
-        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, '(?a)\w', re.UNICODE)
-        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, '(?au)\w')
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, br'\w', re.UNICODE)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, br'(?u)\w')
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, r'\w', re.UNICODE | re.ASCII)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, r'(?u)\w', re.ASCII)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, r'(?a)\w', re.UNICODE)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, re.compile, r'(?au)\w')
 
     def test_locale_flag(self):
         import locale
@@ -1359,13 +1359,13 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         pat = re.compile(bpat, re.IGNORECASE)
         if bletter:
             self.assertIsNone(pat.match(bletter))
-        pat = re.compile(b'\w', re.LOCALE)
+        pat = re.compile(br'\w', re.LOCALE)
         if bletter:
             self.assertTrue(pat.match(bletter))
-        pat = re.compile(b'(?L)\w')
+        pat = re.compile(br'(?L)\w')
         if bletter:
             self.assertTrue(pat.match(bletter))
-        pat = re.compile(b'\w')
+        pat = re.compile(br'\w')
         if bletter:
             self.assertIsNone(pat.match(bletter))
         # Incompatibilities
@@ -1379,7 +1379,7 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_bug_6509(self):
         # Replacement strings of both types must parse properly.
         # all strings
-        pat = re.compile('a(\w)')
+        pat = re.compile(r'a(\w)')
         self.assertEqual(pat.sub('b\\1', 'ac'), 'bc')
         pat = re.compile('a(.)')
         self.assertEqual(pat.sub('b\\1', 'a\u1234'), 'b\u1234')
@@ -1387,7 +1387,7 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(pat.sub(lambda m: 'str', 'a5'), 'str')
 
         # all bytes
-        pat = re.compile(b'a(\w)')
+        pat = re.compile(br'a(\w)')
         self.assertEqual(pat.sub(b'b\\1', b'ac'), b'bc')
         pat = re.compile(b'a(.)')
         self.assertEqual(pat.sub(b'b\\1', b'a\xCD'), b'b\xCD')
@@ -1509,7 +1509,7 @@ class ReTests(unittest.TestCase):
         for string in (b'[abracadabra]', B(b'[abracadabra]'),
                        bytearray(b'[abracadabra]'),
                        memoryview(b'[abracadabra]')):
-            m = re.search(rb'(.+)(.*?)\1', string)
+            m = re.search(br'(.+)(.*?)\1', string)
             self.assertEqual(repr(m), "<%s.%s object; "
                              "span=(1, 12), match=b'abracadabra'>" %
                              (type(m).__module__, type(m).__qualname__))
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_regrtest.py b/Lib/test/test_regrtest.py
index dc15461..7c95b64 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_regrtest.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_regrtest.py
@@ -704,8 +704,8 @@ class ArgsTestCase(BaseTestCase):
         test = self.create_test('coverage')
         output = self.run_tests("--coverage", test)
         self.check_executed_tests(output, [test])
-        regex = ('lines +cov% +module +\(path\)\n'
-                 '(?: *[0-9]+ *[0-9]{1,2}% *[^ ]+ +\([^)]+\)+)+')
+        regex = (r'lines +cov% +module +\(path\)\n'
+                 r'(?: *[0-9]+ *[0-9]{1,2}% *[^ ]+ +\([^)]+\)+)+')
         self.check_line(output, regex)
 
     def test_wait(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_ssl.py b/Lib/test/test_ssl.py
index d8d53af..0bdb86d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_ssl.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_ssl.py
@@ -3405,7 +3405,7 @@ def test_main(verbose=False):
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
             warnings.filterwarnings(
                 'ignore',
-                'dist\(\) and linux_distribution\(\) '
+                r'dist\(\) and linux_distribution\(\) '
                 'functions are deprecated .*',
                 PendingDeprecationWarning,
             )
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_strftime.py b/Lib/test/test_strftime.py
index 772cd06..72b1910 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_strftime.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_strftime.py
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ def escapestr(text, ampm):
     """
     new_text = re.escape(text)
     new_text = new_text.replace(re.escape(ampm), ampm)
-    new_text = new_text.replace('\%', '%')
-    new_text = new_text.replace('\:', ':')
-    new_text = new_text.replace('\?', '?')
+    new_text = new_text.replace(r'\%', '%')
+    new_text = new_text.replace(r'\:', ':')
+    new_text = new_text.replace(r'\?', '?')
     return new_text
 
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_strlit.py b/Lib/test/test_strlit.py
index 87cffe8..37ace23 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_strlit.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_strlit.py
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ class TestLiterals(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(eval(""" b'\x01' """), byte(1))
         self.assertEqual(eval(r""" b'\x81' """), byte(0x81))
         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, """ b'\x81' """)
-        self.assertEqual(eval(r""" b'\u1881' """), b'\\' + b'u1881')
+        self.assertEqual(eval(r""" br'\u1881' """), b'\\' + b'u1881')
         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, """ b'\u1881' """)
-        self.assertEqual(eval(r""" b'\U0001d120' """), b'\\' + b'U0001d120')
+        self.assertEqual(eval(r""" br'\U0001d120' """), b'\\' + b'U0001d120')
         self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, """ b'\U0001d120' """)
 
     def test_eval_bytes_incomplete(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_strptime.py b/Lib/test/test_strptime.py
index 8c8f97b..22eac32 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_strptime.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_strptime.py
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class TimeRETests(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_pattern_escaping(self):
         # Make sure any characters in the format string that might be taken as
         # regex syntax is escaped.
-        pattern_string = self.time_re.pattern("\d+")
+        pattern_string = self.time_re.pattern(r"\d+")
         self.assertIn(r"\\d\+", pattern_string,
                       "%s does not have re characters escaped properly" %
                       pattern_string)
@@ -170,9 +170,9 @@ class TimeRETests(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_matching_with_escapes(self):
         # Make sure a format that requires escaping of characters works
-        compiled_re = self.time_re.compile("\w+ %m")
-        found = compiled_re.match("\w+ 10")
-        self.assertTrue(found, "Escaping failed of format '\w+ 10'")
+        compiled_re = self.time_re.compile(r"\w+ %m")
+        found = compiled_re.match(r"\w+ 10")
+        self.assertTrue(found, r"Escaping failed of format '\w+ 10'")
 
     def test_locale_data_w_regex_metacharacters(self):
         # Check that if locale data contains regex metacharacters they are
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ class StrptimeTests(unittest.TestCase):
         # unbalanced parentheses when the regex is compiled if they are not
         # escaped.
         # Test instigated by bug #796149 .
-        need_escaping = ".^$*+?{}\[]|)("
+        need_escaping = r".^$*+?{}\[]|)("
         self.assertTrue(_strptime._strptime_time(need_escaping, need_escaping))
 
     def test_feb29_on_leap_year_without_year(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_unicode.py b/Lib/test/test_unicode.py
index 78f9668..9ab624e 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_unicode.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_unicode.py
@@ -1564,7 +1564,7 @@ class UnicodeTest(string_tests.CommonTest,
             ('+', b'+-'),
             ('+-', b'+--'),
             ('+?', b'+-?'),
-            ('\?', b'+AFw?'),
+            (r'\?', b'+AFw?'),
             ('+?', b'+-?'),
             (r'\\?', b'+AFwAXA?'),
             (r'\\\?', b'+AFwAXABc?'),
@@ -2326,7 +2326,7 @@ class UnicodeTest(string_tests.CommonTest,
         # non-ascii format, ascii argument: ensure that PyUnicode_FromFormatV()
         # raises an error
         self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError,
-            '^PyUnicode_FromFormatV\(\) expects an ASCII-encoded format '
+            r'^PyUnicode_FromFormatV\(\) expects an ASCII-encoded format '
             'string, got a non-ASCII byte: 0xe9$',
             PyUnicode_FromFormat, b'unicode\xe9=%s', 'ascii')
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
index 247598a..8f06b08 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ FF
 
 
 class QuotingTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    """Tests for urllib.quote() and urllib.quote_plus()
+    r"""Tests for urllib.quote() and urllib.quote_plus()
 
     According to RFC 2396 (Uniform Resource Identifiers), to escape a
     character you write it as '%' + <2 character US-ASCII hex value>.
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@ class QuotingTests(unittest.TestCase):
         # Make sure all characters that should be quoted are by default sans
         # space (separate test for that).
         should_quote = [chr(num) for num in range(32)] # For 0x00 - 0x1F
-        should_quote.append('<>#%"{}|\^[]`')
+        should_quote.append(r'<>#%"{}|\^[]`')
         should_quote.append(chr(127)) # For 0x7F
         should_quote = ''.join(should_quote)
         for char in should_quote:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py b/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py
index 0773a86..29a9878 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py
@@ -1218,7 +1218,7 @@ class CGIHandlerTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         content = handle[handle.find("<?xml"):]
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            int(re.search('Content-Length: (\d+)', handle).group(1)),
+            int(re.search(r'Content-Length: (\d+)', handle).group(1)),
             len(content))