Added Peter Astrand's subprocess module.

3 files changed, 1657 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Lib/subprocess.py b/Lib/subprocess.py
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+# subprocess - Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams
+#
+# For more information about this module, see PEP 324. 
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2003-2004 by Peter Astrand <astrand@lysator.liu.se>
+#
+# By obtaining, using, and/or copying this software and/or its
+# associated documentation, you agree that you have read, understood,
+# and will comply with the following terms and conditions:
+#
+# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
+# its associated documentation for any purpose and without fee is
+# hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in
+# all copies, and that both that copyright notice and this permission
+# notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of the
+# author not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
+# distribution of the software without specific, written prior
+# permission.
+#
+# THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
+# INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
+# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS
+# OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+# NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+# WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+"""subprocess - Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams
+
+This module allows you to spawn processes and connect to their
+input/output/error pipes and obtain their return codes under Unix.
+This module intends to replace several other, older modules and
+functions, like:
+
+os.system
+os.spawn*
+os.popen*
+popen2.*
+commands.*
+
+Information about how the subprocess module can be used to replace these
+modules and functions can be found below.
+
+
+
+Using the subprocess module
+===========================
+This module defines one class called Popen:
+
+class Popen(args, bufsize=0, executable=None,
+            stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None,
+            preexec_fn=None, close_fds=False, shell=False,
+            cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=False,
+            startupinfo=None, creationflags=0):
+
+
+Arguments are:
+
+args should be a string, or a sequence of program arguments.  The
+program to execute is normally the first item in the args sequence or
+string, but can be explicitly set by using the executable argument.
+
+On UNIX, with shell=False (default): In this case, the Popen class
+uses os.execvp() to execute the child program.  args should normally
+be a sequence.  A string will be treated as a sequence with the string
+as the only item (the program to execute).
+
+On UNIX, with shell=True: If args is a string, it specifies the
+command string to execute through the shell.  If args is a sequence,
+the first item specifies the command string, and any additional items
+will be treated as additional shell arguments.
+
+On Windows: the Popen class uses CreateProcess() to execute the child
+program, which operates on strings.  If args is a sequence, it will be
+converted to a string using the list2cmdline method.  Please note that
+not all MS Windows applications interpret the command line the same
+way: The list2cmdline is designed for applications using the same
+rules as the MS C runtime.
+
+bufsize, if given, has the same meaning as the corresponding argument
+to the built-in open() function: 0 means unbuffered, 1 means line
+buffered, any other positive value means use a buffer of
+(approximately) that size.  A negative bufsize means to use the system
+default, which usually means fully buffered.  The default value for
+bufsize is 0 (unbuffered).
+
+stdin, stdout and stderr specify the executed programs' standard
+input, standard output and standard error file handles, respectively.
+Valid values are PIPE, an existing file descriptor (a positive
+integer), an existing file object, and None.  PIPE indicates that a
+new pipe to the child should be created.  With None, no redirection
+will occur; the child's file handles will be inherited from the
+parent.  Additionally, stderr can be STDOUT, which indicates that the
+stderr data from the applications should be captured into the same
+file handle as for stdout.
+
+If preexec_fn is set to a callable object, this object will be called
+in the child process just before the child is executed.
+
+If close_fds is true, all file descriptors except 0, 1 and 2 will be
+closed before the child process is executed.
+
+if shell is true, the specified command will be executed through the
+shell.
+
+If cwd is not None, the current directory will be changed to cwd
+before the child is executed.
+
+If env is not None, it defines the environment variables for the new
+process.
+
+If universal_newlines is true, the file objects stdout and stderr are
+opened as a text files, but lines may be terminated by any of '\n',
+the Unix end-of-line convention, '\r', the Macintosh convention or
+'\r\n', the Windows convention.  All of these external representations
+are seen as '\n' by the Python program.  Note: This feature is only
+available if Python is built with universal newline support (the
+default).  Also, the newlines attribute of the file objects stdout,
+stdin and stderr are not updated by the communicate() method.
+
+The startupinfo and creationflags, if given, will be passed to the
+underlying CreateProcess() function.  They can specify things such as
+appearance of the main window and priority for the new process.
+(Windows only)
+
+
+This module also defines two shortcut functions:
+
+call(*args, **kwargs):
+    Run command with arguments.  Wait for command to complete, then
+    return the returncode attribute.
+
+    The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor.  Example:
+
+    retcode = call(["ls", "-l"])
+
+
+Exceptions
+----------
+Exceptions raised in the child process, before the new program has
+started to execute, will be re-raised in the parent.  Additionally,
+the exception object will have one extra attribute called
+'child_traceback', which is a string containing traceback information
+from the childs point of view.
+
+The most common exception raised is OSError.  This occurs, for
+example, when trying to execute a non-existent file.  Applications
+should prepare for OSErrors.
+
+A ValueError will be raised if Popen is called with invalid arguments.
+
+
+Security
+--------
+Unlike some other popen functions, this implementation will never call
+/bin/sh implicitly.  This means that all characters, including shell
+metacharacters, can safely be passed to child processes.
+
+
+Popen objects
+=============
+Instances of the Popen class have the following methods:
+
+poll()
+    Check if child process has terminated.  Returns returncode
+    attribute.
+
+wait()
+    Wait for child process to terminate.  Returns returncode attribute.
+
+communicate(input=None)
+    Interact with process: Send data to stdin.  Read data from stdout
+    and stderr, until end-of-file is reached.  Wait for process to
+    terminate.  The optional stdin argument should be a string to be
+    sent to the child process, or None, if no data should be sent to
+    the child.
+        
+    communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr).
+
+    Note: The data read is buffered in memory, so do not use this
+    method if the data size is large or unlimited.
+
+The following attributes are also available:
+
+stdin
+    If the stdin argument is PIPE, this attribute is a file object
+    that provides input to the child process.  Otherwise, it is None.
+
+stdout
+    If the stdout argument is PIPE, this attribute is a file object
+    that provides output from the child process.  Otherwise, it is
+    None.
+
+stderr
+    If the stderr argument is PIPE, this attribute is file object that
+    provides error output from the child process.  Otherwise, it is
+    None.
+
+pid
+    The process ID of the child process.
+
+returncode
+    The child return code.  A None value indicates that the process
+    hasn't terminated yet.  A negative value -N indicates that the
+    child was terminated by signal N (UNIX only).
+
+
+Replacing older functions with the subprocess module
+====================================================
+In this section, "a ==> b" means that b can be used as a replacement
+for a.
+
+Note: All functions in this section fail (more or less) silently if
+the executed program cannot be found; this module raises an OSError
+exception.
+
+In the following examples, we assume that the subprocess module is
+imported with "from subprocess import *".
+
+
+Replacing /bin/sh shell backquote
+---------------------------------
+output=`mycmd myarg`
+==>
+output = Popen(["mycmd", "myarg"], stdout=PIPE).communicate()[0]
+
+
+Replacing shell pipe line
+-------------------------
+output=`dmesg | grep hda`
+==>
+p1 = Popen(["dmesg"], stdout=PIPE)
+p2 = Popen(["grep", "hda"], stdin=p1.stdout)
+output = p2.communicate()[0]
+
+
+Replacing os.system()
+---------------------
+sts = os.system("mycmd" + " myarg")
+==>
+p = Popen("mycmd" + " myarg", shell=True)
+sts = os.waitpid(p.pid, 0)
+
+Note:
+
+* Calling the program through the shell is usually not required.
+
+* It's easier to look at the returncode attribute than the
+  exitstatus.
+
+A more real-world example would look like this:
+
+try:
+    retcode = call("mycmd" + " myarg", shell=True)
+    if retcode < 0:
+        print >>sys.stderr, "Child was terminated by signal", -retcode
+    else:
+        print >>sys.stderr, "Child returned", retcode
+except OSError, e:
+    print >>sys.stderr, "Execution failed:", e
+
+
+Replacing os.spawn*
+-------------------
+P_NOWAIT example: 
+
+pid = os.spawnlp(os.P_NOWAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg")
+==>
+pid = Popen(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"]).pid
+
+
+P_WAIT example:
+
+retcode = os.spawnlp(os.P_WAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg")
+==>
+retcode = call(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"])
+
+
+Vector example: 
+
+os.spawnvp(os.P_NOWAIT, path, args)
+==>
+Popen([path] + args[1:])
+
+
+Environment example: 
+
+os.spawnlpe(os.P_NOWAIT, "/bin/mycmd", "mycmd", "myarg", env)
+==>
+Popen(["/bin/mycmd", "myarg"], env={"PATH": "/usr/bin"})
+
+
+Replacing os.popen* 
+-------------------
+pipe = os.popen(cmd, mode='r', bufsize)
+==>
+pipe = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize, stdout=PIPE).stdout
+
+pipe = os.popen(cmd, mode='w', bufsize)
+==>
+pipe = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize, stdin=PIPE).stdin
+
+
+(child_stdin, child_stdout) = os.popen2(cmd, mode, bufsize)
+==>
+p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize,
+          stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True)
+(child_stdin, child_stdout) = (p.stdin, p.stdout)
+
+
+(child_stdin,
+ child_stdout,
+ child_stderr) = os.popen3(cmd, mode, bufsize)
+==>
+p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize,
+          stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, close_fds=True)
+(child_stdin,
+ child_stdout,
+ child_stderr) = (p.stdin, p.stdout, p.stderr)
+
+
+(child_stdin, child_stdout_and_stderr) = os.popen4(cmd, mode, bufsize)
+==>
+p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize,
+          stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT, close_fds=True)
+(child_stdin, child_stdout_and_stderr) = (p.stdin, p.stdout)
+
+
+Replacing popen2.*
+------------------
+Note: If the cmd argument to popen2 functions is a string, the command
+is executed through /bin/sh.  If it is a list, the command is directly
+executed.
+
+(child_stdout, child_stdin) = popen2.popen2("somestring", bufsize, mode)
+==>
+p = Popen(["somestring"], shell=True, bufsize=bufsize
+          stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True)
+(child_stdout, child_stdin) = (p.stdout, p.stdin)
+
+
+(child_stdout, child_stdin) = popen2.popen2(["mycmd", "myarg"], bufsize, mode)
+==>
+p = Popen(["mycmd", "myarg"], bufsize=bufsize,
+          stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True)
+(child_stdout, child_stdin) = (p.stdout, p.stdin)
+
+The popen2.Popen3 and popen3.Popen4 basically works as subprocess.Popen,
+except that:
+
+* subprocess.Popen raises an exception if the execution fails
+* the capturestderr argument is replaced with the stderr argument.
+* stdin=PIPE and stdout=PIPE must be specified.
+* popen2 closes all filedescriptors by default, but you have to specify
+  close_fds=True with subprocess.Popen. 
+
+
+"""
+
+import sys
+mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32")
+
+import os
+import types
+import traceback
+
+if mswindows:
+    import threading
+    import msvcrt
+    try:
+        from _subprocess import *
+        class STARTUPINFO:
+            dwFlags = 0
+            hStdInput = None
+            hStdOutput = None
+            hStdError = None
+        class pywintypes:
+            error = IOError
+    except ImportError:
+        import pywintypes
+        from win32api import GetStdHandle, STD_INPUT_HANDLE, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, STD_ERROR_HANDLE
+        from win32api import GetCurrentProcess, DuplicateHandle, GetModuleFileName, GetVersion
+        from win32con import DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS
+        from win32pipe import CreatePipe
+        from win32process import CreateProcess, STARTUPINFO, GetExitCodeProcess, STARTF_USESTDHANDLES, CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE
+        from win32event import WaitForSingleObject, INFINITE, WAIT_OBJECT_0
+else:
+    import select
+    import errno
+    import fcntl
+    import pickle
+
+__all__ = ["Popen", "PIPE", "STDOUT", "call"]
+
+try:
+    MAXFD = os.sysconf("SC_OPEN_MAX")
+except:
+    MAXFD = 256
+
+# True/False does not exist on 2.2.0
+try:
+    False
+except NameError:
+    False = 0
+    True = 1
+
+_active = []
+
+def _cleanup():
+    for inst in _active[:]:
+        inst.poll()
+
+PIPE = -1
+STDOUT = -2
+
+
+def call(*args, **kwargs):
+    """Run command with arguments.  Wait for command to complete, then
+    return the returncode attribute.
+
+    The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor.  Example:
+
+    retcode = call(["ls", "-l"])
+    """
+    return Popen(*args, **kwargs).wait()
+
+
+def list2cmdline(seq):
+    """
+    Translate a sequence of arguments into a command line
+    string, using the same rules as the MS C runtime:
+
+    1) Arguments are delimited by white space, which is either a
+       space or a tab.
+
+    2) A string surrounded by double quotation marks is
+       interpreted as a single argument, regardless of white space
+       contained within.  A quoted string can be embedded in an
+       argument.
+
+    3) A double quotation mark preceded by a backslash is
+       interpreted as a literal double quotation mark.
+
+    4) Backslashes are interpreted literally, unless they
+       immediately precede a double quotation mark.
+
+    5) If backslashes immediately precede a double quotation mark,
+       every pair of backslashes is interpreted as a literal
+       backslash.  If the number of backslashes is odd, the last
+       backslash escapes the next double quotation mark as
+       described in rule 3.
+    """
+
+    # See
+    # http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/vccelng/htm/progs_12.asp
+    result = []
+    needquote = False
+    for arg in seq:
+        bs_buf = []
+
+        # Add a space to separate this argument from the others
+        if result:
+            result.append(' ')
+
+        needquote = (" " in arg) or ("\t" in arg)
+        if needquote:
+            result.append('"')
+
+        for c in arg:
+            if c == '\\':
+                # Don't know if we need to double yet. 
+                bs_buf.append(c)
+            elif c == '"':
+                # Double backspaces. 
+                result.append('\\' * len(bs_buf)*2)
+                bs_buf = []
+                result.append('\\"')
+            else:
+                # Normal char
+                if bs_buf:
+                    result.extend(bs_buf)
+                    bs_buf = []
+                result.append(c)
+
+        # Add remaining backspaces, if any. 
+        if bs_buf:
+            result.extend(bs_buf)
+
+        if needquote:
+            result.append('"')
+
+    return ''.join(result)
+
+
+class Popen(object):
+    def __init__(self, args, bufsize=0, executable=None,
+                 stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None,
+                 preexec_fn=None, close_fds=False, shell=False,
+                 cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=False,
+                 startupinfo=None, creationflags=0):
+        """Create new Popen instance."""
+        _cleanup()
+
+        if mswindows:
+            if preexec_fn != None:
+                raise ValueError("preexec_fn is not supported on Windows platforms")
+            if close_fds:
+                raise ValueError("close_fds is not supported on Windows platforms")
+        else:
+            # POSIX
+            if startupinfo != None:
+                raise ValueError("startupinfo is only supported on Windows platforms")
+            if creationflags != 0:
+                raise ValueError("creationflags is only supported on Windows platforms")
+
+        self.stdin = None        
+        self.stdout = None
+        self.stderr = None
+        self.pid = None
+        self.returncode = None
+        self.universal_newlines = universal_newlines
+
+        # Input and output objects. The general principle is like
+        # this:
+        #
+        # Parent                   Child
+        # ------                   -----
+        # p2cwrite   ---stdin--->  p2cread
+        # c2pread    <--stdout---  c2pwrite
+        # errread    <--stderr---  errwrite
+        #
+        # On POSIX, the child objects are file descriptors.  On
+        # Windows, these are Windows file handles.  The parent objects
+        # are file descriptors on both platforms.  The parent objects
+        # are None when not using PIPEs. The child objects are None
+        # when not redirecting.
+        
+        (p2cread, p2cwrite,
+         c2pread, c2pwrite,
+         errread, errwrite) = self._get_handles(stdin, stdout, stderr)
+
+        self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
+                            cwd, env, universal_newlines,
+                            startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
+                            p2cread, p2cwrite,
+                            c2pread, c2pwrite,
+                            errread, errwrite)
+
+        if p2cwrite:
+            self.stdin = os.fdopen(p2cwrite, 'wb', bufsize)
+        if c2pread:
+            if universal_newlines:
+                self.stdout = os.fdopen(c2pread, 'rU', bufsize)
+            else:
+                self.stdout = os.fdopen(c2pread, 'rb', bufsize)
+        if errread:
+            if universal_newlines:
+                self.stderr = os.fdopen(errread, 'rU', bufsize)
+            else:
+                self.stderr = os.fdopen(errread, 'rb', bufsize)
+        
+        _active.append(self)
+
+
+    def _translate_newlines(self, data):
+        data = data.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+        data = data.replace("\r", "\n")
+        return data
+
+
+    if mswindows:
+        #
+        # Windows methods
+        #
+        def _get_handles(self, stdin, stdout, stderr):
+            """Construct and return tupel with IO objects:
+            p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite
+            """
+            if stdin == None and stdout == None and stderr == None:
+                return (None, None, None, None, None, None)
+            
+            p2cread, p2cwrite = None, None
+            c2pread, c2pwrite = None, None
+            errread, errwrite = None, None
+
+            if stdin == None:
+                p2cread = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
+            elif stdin == PIPE:
+                p2cread, p2cwrite = CreatePipe(None, 0)
+                # Detach and turn into fd
+                p2cwrite = p2cwrite.Detach()
+                p2cwrite = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(p2cwrite, 0)
+            elif type(stdin) == types.IntType:
+                p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdin)
+            else:
+                # Assuming file-like object
+                p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdin.fileno())
+            p2cread = self._make_inheritable(p2cread)
+
+            if stdout == None:
+                c2pwrite = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
+            elif stdout == PIPE:
+                c2pread, c2pwrite = CreatePipe(None, 0)
+                # Detach and turn into fd
+                c2pread = c2pread.Detach()
+                c2pread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(c2pread, 0)
+            elif type(stdout) == types.IntType:
+                c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout)
+            else:
+                # Assuming file-like object
+                c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout.fileno())
+            c2pwrite = self._make_inheritable(c2pwrite)
+
+            if stderr == None:
+                errwrite = GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE)
+            elif stderr == PIPE:
+                errread, errwrite = CreatePipe(None, 0)
+                # Detach and turn into fd
+                errread = errread.Detach()
+                errread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(errread, 0)
+            elif stderr == STDOUT:
+                errwrite = c2pwrite
+            elif type(stderr) == types.IntType:
+                errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stderr)
+            else:
+                # Assuming file-like object
+                errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stderr.fileno())
+            errwrite = self._make_inheritable(errwrite)
+
+            return (p2cread, p2cwrite,
+                    c2pread, c2pwrite,
+                    errread, errwrite)
+
+
+        def _make_inheritable(self, handle):
+            """Return a duplicate of handle, which is inheritable"""
+            return DuplicateHandle(GetCurrentProcess(), handle,
+                                   GetCurrentProcess(), 0, 1,
+                                   DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)
+
+
+        def _find_w9xpopen(self):
+            """Find and return absolut path to w9xpopen.exe"""
+            w9xpopen = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(GetModuleFileName(0)), "w9xpopen.exe")
+            if not os.path.exists(w9xpopen):
+                # Eeek - file-not-found - possibly an embedding
+                # situation - see if we can locate it in sys.exec_prefix
+                w9xpopen = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(sys.exec_prefix), "w9xpopen.exe")
+                if not os.path.exists(w9xpopen):
+                    raise RuntimeError("Cannot locate w9xpopen.exe, which is needed "
+                                       "for Popen to work with your shell or platform.")
+            return w9xpopen
+
+        
+        def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
+                           cwd, env, universal_newlines,
+                           startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
+                           p2cread, p2cwrite,
+                           c2pread, c2pwrite,
+                           errread, errwrite):
+            """Execute program (MS Windows version)"""
+
+            if not isinstance(args, types.StringTypes):
+                args = list2cmdline(args)
+
+            if shell:
+                comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe")
+                args = comspec + " /c " + args
+                if GetVersion() >= 0x80000000L or os.path.basename(comspec).lower() == "command.com":
+                    # Win9x, or using command.com on NT. We need to
+                    # use the w9xpopen intermediate program. For more
+                    # information, see KB Q150956
+                    # (http://web.archive.org/web/20011105084002/http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q150/9/56.asp)
+                    w9xpopen = self._find_w9xpopen()
+                    args = '"%s" %s' % (w9xpopen, args)
+                    # Not passing CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE has been known to
+                    # cause random failures on win9x.  Specifically a
+                    # dialog: "Your program accessed mem currently in
+                    # use at xxx" and a hopeful warning about the
+                    # stability of your system.  Cost is Ctrl+C wont
+                    # kill children.
+                    creationflags |= CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE
+
+            # Process startup details
+            if startupinfo == None:
+                startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
+            if not None in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite):
+                startupinfo.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESTDHANDLES 
+                startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread
+                startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite
+                startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite
+
+            # Start the process
+            try:
+                hp, ht, pid, tid = CreateProcess(executable, args,
+                                                 None, None,  # No special security
+                                                 1,           # Must inherit handles to pass std handles
+                                                 creationflags,
+                                                 env,
+                                                 cwd,
+                                                 startupinfo)
+            except pywintypes.error, e:
+                # Translate pywintypes.error to WindowsError, which is
+                # a subclass of OSError.  FIXME: We should really
+                # translate errno using _sys_errlist (or simliar), but
+                # how can this be done from Python?
+                raise WindowsError(*e.args)
+
+            # Retain the process handle, but close the thread handle
+            self._handle = hp
+            self.pid = pid
+            ht.Close()
+
+            # Child is launched. Close the parents copy of those pipe
+            # handles that only the child should have open.  You need
+            # to make sure that no handles to the write end of the
+            # output pipe are maintained in this process or else the
+            # pipe will not close when the child process exits and the
+            # ReadFile will hang.
+            if p2cread != None:
+                p2cread.Close()
+            if c2pwrite != None:
+                c2pwrite.Close()
+            if errwrite != None:
+                errwrite.Close()
+
+        
+        def poll(self):
+            """Check if child process has terminated.  Returns returncode
+            attribute."""
+            if self.returncode == None:
+                if WaitForSingleObject(self._handle, 0) == WAIT_OBJECT_0:
+                    self.returncode = GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle)
+                    _active.remove(self)
+            return self.returncode
+
+
+        def wait(self):
+            """Wait for child process to terminate.  Returns returncode
+            attribute."""
+            if self.returncode == None:
+                obj = WaitForSingleObject(self._handle, INFINITE)
+                self.returncode = GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle)
+                _active.remove(self)
+            return self.returncode
+
+
+        def _readerthread(self, fh, buffer):
+            buffer.append(fh.read())
+
+
+        def communicate(self, input=None):
+            """Interact with process: Send data to stdin.  Read data from
+            stdout and stderr, until end-of-file is reached.  Wait for
+            process to terminate.  The optional input argument should be a
+            string to be sent to the child process, or None, if no data
+            should be sent to the child.
+
+            communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr)."""
+            stdout = None # Return
+            stderr = None # Return
+
+            if self.stdout:
+                stdout = []
+                stdout_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._readerthread, args=(self.stdout, stdout,))
+                stdout_thread.setDaemon(True)
+                stdout_thread.start()
+            if self.stderr:
+                stderr = []
+                stderr_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._readerthread, args=(self.stderr, stderr,))
+                stderr_thread.setDaemon(True)
+                stderr_thread.start()
+
+            if self.stdin:
+                if input != None:
+                    self.stdin.write(input)
+                self.stdin.close()
+
+            if self.stdout:
+                stdout_thread.join()
+            if self.stderr:
+                stderr_thread.join()
+
+            # All data exchanged.  Translate lists into strings.
+            if stdout != None:
+                stdout = stdout[0]
+            if stderr != None:
+                stderr = stderr[0]
+
+            # Translate newlines, if requested.  We cannot let the file
+            # object do the translation: It is based on stdio, which is
+            # impossible to combine with select (unless forcing no
+            # buffering).
+            if self.universal_newlines and hasattr(open, 'newlines'):
+                if stdout:
+                    stdout = self._translate_newlines(stdout)
+                if stderr:
+                    stderr = self._translate_newlines(stderr)
+
+            self.wait()
+            return (stdout, stderr)
+
+    else:
+        #
+        # POSIX methods
+        #
+        def _get_handles(self, stdin, stdout, stderr):
+            """Construct and return tupel with IO objects:
+            p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite
+            """
+            p2cread, p2cwrite = None, None
+            c2pread, c2pwrite = None, None
+            errread, errwrite = None, None
+
+            if stdin == None:
+                pass
+            elif stdin == PIPE:
+                p2cread, p2cwrite = os.pipe()
+            elif type(stdin) == types.IntType:
+                p2cread = stdin
+            else:
+                # Assuming file-like object
+                p2cread = stdin.fileno()
+
+            if stdout == None:
+                pass
+            elif stdout == PIPE:
+                c2pread, c2pwrite = os.pipe()
+            elif type(stdout) == types.IntType:
+                c2pwrite = stdout
+            else:
+                # Assuming file-like object
+                c2pwrite = stdout.fileno() 
+
+            if stderr == None:
+                pass
+            elif stderr == PIPE:
+                errread, errwrite = os.pipe()
+            elif stderr == STDOUT:
+                errwrite = c2pwrite
+            elif type(stderr) == types.IntType:
+                errwrite = stderr
+            else:
+                # Assuming file-like object
+                errwrite = stderr.fileno()
+
+            return (p2cread, p2cwrite,
+                    c2pread, c2pwrite,
+                    errread, errwrite)
+
+
+        def _set_cloexec_flag(self, fd):
+            try:
+                cloexec_flag = fcntl.FD_CLOEXEC
+            except AttributeError:
+                cloexec_flag = 1
+
+            old = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFD)
+            fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFD, old | cloexec_flag)
+
+
+        def _close_fds(self, but):
+            for i in range(3, MAXFD):
+                if i == but:
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    os.close(i)
+                except:
+                    pass
+        
+        
+        def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
+                           cwd, env, universal_newlines,
+                           startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
+                           p2cread, p2cwrite,
+                           c2pread, c2pwrite,
+                           errread, errwrite):
+            """Execute program (POSIX version)"""
+
+            if isinstance(args, types.StringTypes):
+                args = [args]
+
+            if shell:
+                args = ["/bin/sh", "-c"] + args
+
+            if executable == None:
+                executable = args[0]
+
+            # For transferring possible exec failure from child to parent
+            # The first char specifies the exception type: 0 means
+            # OSError, 1 means some other error.
+            errpipe_read, errpipe_write = os.pipe()
+            self._set_cloexec_flag(errpipe_write)
+
+            self.pid = os.fork()
+            if self.pid == 0:
+                # Child
+                try:
+                    # Close parent's pipe ends
+                    if p2cwrite:
+                        os.close(p2cwrite)
+                    if c2pread:
+                        os.close(c2pread)
+                    if errread:
+                        os.close(errread)
+                    os.close(errpipe_read)
+
+                    # Dup fds for child
+                    if p2cread:
+                        os.dup2(p2cread, 0)
+                    if c2pwrite:
+                        os.dup2(c2pwrite, 1)
+                    if errwrite:
+                        os.dup2(errwrite, 2)
+
+                    # Close pipe fds.  Make sure we doesn't close the same
+                    # fd more than once.
+                    if p2cread:
+                        os.close(p2cread)
+                    if c2pwrite and c2pwrite not in (p2cread,):
+                        os.close(c2pwrite)
+                    if errwrite and errwrite not in (p2cread, c2pwrite):
+                        os.close(errwrite)
+
+                    # Close all other fds, if asked for
+                    if close_fds:
+                        self._close_fds(but=errpipe_write)
+
+                    if cwd != None:
+                        os.chdir(cwd)
+
+                    if preexec_fn:
+                        apply(preexec_fn)
+
+                    if env == None:
+                        os.execvp(executable, args)
+                    else:
+                        os.execvpe(executable, args, env)
+
+                except:
+                    exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
+                    # Save the traceback and attach it to the exception object
+                    exc_lines = traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
+                    exc_value.child_traceback = ''.join(exc_lines)
+                    os.write(errpipe_write, pickle.dumps(exc_value))
+
+                # This exitcode won't be reported to applications, so it
+                # really doesn't matter what we return.
+                os._exit(255)
+
+            # Parent
+            os.close(errpipe_write)
+            if p2cread and p2cwrite:
+                os.close(p2cread)
+            if c2pwrite and c2pread:
+                os.close(c2pwrite)
+            if errwrite and errread:
+                os.close(errwrite)
+
+            # Wait for exec to fail or succeed; possibly raising exception
+            data = os.read(errpipe_read, 1048576) # Exceptions limited to 1 MB
+            os.close(errpipe_read)
+            if data != "":
+                child_exception = pickle.loads(data)
+                raise child_exception
+
+
+        def _handle_exitstatus(self, sts):
+            if os.WIFSIGNALED(sts):
+                self.returncode = -os.WTERMSIG(sts)
+            elif os.WIFEXITED(sts):
+                self.returncode = os.WEXITSTATUS(sts)
+            else:
+                # Should never happen
+                raise RuntimeError("Unknown child exit status!")
+
+            _active.remove(self)
+
+        
+        def poll(self):
+            """Check if child process has terminated.  Returns returncode
+            attribute."""
+            if self.returncode == None:
+                try:
+                    pid, sts = os.waitpid(self.pid, os.WNOHANG)
+                    if pid == self.pid:
+                        self._handle_exitstatus(sts)
+                except os.error:
+                    pass
+            return self.returncode
+
+
+        def wait(self):
+            """Wait for child process to terminate.  Returns returncode
+            attribute."""
+            if self.returncode == None:
+                pid, sts = os.waitpid(self.pid, 0)
+                self._handle_exitstatus(sts)
+            return self.returncode
+
+
+        def communicate(self, input=None):
+            """Interact with process: Send data to stdin.  Read data from
+            stdout and stderr, until end-of-file is reached.  Wait for
+            process to terminate.  The optional input argument should be a
+            string to be sent to the child process, or None, if no data
+            should be sent to the child.
+
+            communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr)."""
+            read_set = []
+            write_set = []
+            stdout = None # Return
+            stderr = None # Return
+
+            if self.stdin:
+                # Flush stdio buffer.  This might block, if the user has
+                # been writing to .stdin in an uncontrolled fashion.
+                self.stdin.flush()
+                if input:
+                    write_set.append(self.stdin)
+                else:
+                    self.stdin.close()
+            if self.stdout:
+                read_set.append(self.stdout)
+                stdout = [] 
+            if self.stderr:
+                read_set.append(self.stderr)
+                stderr = []
+
+            while read_set or write_set:
+                rlist, wlist, xlist = select.select(read_set, write_set, [])
+
+                if self.stdin in wlist:
+                    # When select has indicated that the file is writable,
+                    # we can write up to PIPE_BUF bytes without risk
+                    # blocking.  POSIX defines PIPE_BUF >= 512
+                    bytes_written = os.write(self.stdin.fileno(), input[:512])
+                    input = input[bytes_written:]
+                    if not input:
+                        self.stdin.close()
+                        write_set.remove(self.stdin)
+
+                if self.stdout in rlist:
+                    data = os.read(self.stdout.fileno(), 1024)
+                    if data == "":
+                        self.stdout.close()
+                        read_set.remove(self.stdout)
+                    stdout.append(data)
+
+                if self.stderr in rlist:
+                    data = os.read(self.stderr.fileno(), 1024)
+                    if data == "":
+                        self.stderr.close()
+                        read_set.remove(self.stderr)
+                    stderr.append(data)
+
+            # All data exchanged.  Translate lists into strings.
+            if stdout != None:
+                stdout = ''.join(stdout)
+            if stderr != None:
+                stderr = ''.join(stderr)
+
+            # Translate newlines, if requested.  We cannot let the file
+            # object do the translation: It is based on stdio, which is
+            # impossible to combine with select (unless forcing no
+            # buffering).
+            if self.universal_newlines and hasattr(open, 'newlines'):
+                if stdout:
+                    stdout = self._translate_newlines(stdout)
+                if stderr:
+                    stderr = self._translate_newlines(stderr)
+
+            self.wait()
+            return (stdout, stderr)
+
+
+def _demo_posix():
+    #
+    # Example 1: Simple redirection: Get process list
+    #
+    plist = Popen(["ps"], stdout=PIPE).communicate()[0]
+    print "Process list:"
+    print plist
+
+    #
+    # Example 2: Change uid before executing child
+    #
+    if os.getuid() == 0:
+        p = Popen(["id"], preexec_fn=lambda: os.setuid(100))
+        p.wait()
+
+    #
+    # Example 3: Connecting several subprocesses
+    #
+    print "Looking for 'hda'..."
+    p1 = Popen(["dmesg"], stdout=PIPE)
+    p2 = Popen(["grep", "hda"], stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE)
+    print repr(p2.communicate()[0])
+
+    #
+    # Example 4: Catch execution error
+    #
+    print
+    print "Trying a weird file..."
+    try:
+        print Popen(["/this/path/does/not/exist"]).communicate()
+    except OSError, e:
+        if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
+            print "The file didn't exist.  I thought so..."
+            print "Child traceback:"
+            print e.child_traceback
+        else:
+            print "Error", e.errno
+    else:
+        print >>sys.stderr, "Gosh.  No error."
+
+
+def _demo_windows():
+    #
+    # Example 1: Connecting several subprocesses
+    #
+    print "Looking for 'PROMPT' in set output..."
+    p1 = Popen("set", stdout=PIPE, shell=True)
+    p2 = Popen('find "PROMPT"', stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE)
+    print repr(p2.communicate()[0])
+
+    #
+    # Example 2: Simple execution of program
+    #
+    print "Executing calc..."
+    p = Popen("calc")
+    p.wait()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    if mswindows:
+        _demo_windows()
+    else:
+        _demo_posix()
+
+    
diff --git a/Lib/test/output/test_subprocess b/Lib/test/output/test_subprocess
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..effbcf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Lib/test/output/test_subprocess
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+test_subprocess
+.........
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_subprocess.py b/Lib/test/test_subprocess.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..348da57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Lib/test/test_subprocess.py
@@ -0,0 +1,514 @@
+import unittest
+from test import test_support
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import signal
+import os
+import tempfile
+import time
+
+mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32")
+
+#
+# Depends on the following external programs: Python
+#
+
+if mswindows:
+    SETBINARY = 'import msvcrt; msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), os.O_BINARY);'
+else:
+    SETBINARY = ''
+
+class ProcessTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+    def mkstemp(self):
+        """wrapper for mkstemp, calling mktemp if mkstemp is not available"""
+        if hasattr(tempfile, "mkstemp"):
+            return tempfile.mkstemp()
+        else:
+            fname = tempfile.mktemp()
+            return os.open(fname, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREAT), fname
+    
+    #
+    # Generic tests
+    #
+    def test_call_seq(self):
+        """call() function with sequence argument"""
+        rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"])
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 47)
+
+    def test_call_kwargs(self):
+        """call() function with keyword args"""
+        newenv = os.environ.copy()
+        newenv["FRUIT"] = "banana"
+        rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys, os;' \
+                          'sys.exit(os.getenv("FRUIT")=="banana")'],
+                        env=newenv)
+        self.assertEqual(rc, 1)
+
+    def test_stdin_none(self):
+        """.stdin is None when not redirected"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'print "banana"'],
+                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        p.wait()
+        self.assertEqual(p.stdin, None)
+
+    def test_stdout_none(self):
+        """.stdout is None when not redirected"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'print "banana"'],
+                         stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        p.wait()
+        self.assertEqual(p.stdout, None)
+
+    def test_stderr_none(self):
+        """.stderr is None when not redirected"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'print "banana"'],
+                         stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+        p.wait()
+        self.assertEqual(p.stderr, None)
+
+    def test_executable(self):
+        """executable"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen(["somethingyoudonthave", "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
+                         executable=sys.executable)
+        p.wait()
+        self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 47)
+
+    def test_stdin_pipe(self):
+        """stdin redirection"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                         'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'],
+                        stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+        p.stdin.write("pear")
+        p.stdin.close()
+        p.wait()
+        self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1)
+
+    def test_stdin_filedes(self):
+        """stdin is set to open file descriptor"""
+        tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() 
+        d = tf.fileno()
+        os.write(d, "pear")
+        os.lseek(d, 0, 0)
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                         'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'],
+                         stdin=d)
+        p.wait()
+        self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1)
+
+    def test_stdin_fileobj(self):
+        """stdin is set to open file object"""
+        tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
+        tf.write("pear")
+        tf.seek(0)
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                         'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'],
+                         stdin=tf)
+        p.wait()
+        self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1)
+
+    def test_stdout_pipe(self):
+        """stdout redirection"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'],
+                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+        self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), "orange")
+
+    def test_stdout_filedes(self):
+        """stdout is set to open file descriptor"""
+        tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() 
+        d = tf.fileno()
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'],
+                         stdout=d)
+        p.wait()
+        os.lseek(d, 0, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(os.read(d, 1024), "orange")
+
+    def test_stdout_fileobj(self):
+        """stdout is set to open file object"""
+        tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() 
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'],
+                         stdout=tf)
+        p.wait()
+        tf.seek(0)
+        self.assertEqual(tf.read(), "orange")
+
+    def test_stderr_pipe(self):
+        """stderr redirection"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'],
+                         stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        self.assertEqual(p.stderr.read(), "strawberry")
+
+    def test_stderr_filedes(self):
+        """stderr is set to open file descriptor"""
+        tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() 
+        d = tf.fileno()
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'],
+                         stderr=d)
+        p.wait()
+        os.lseek(d, 0, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(os.read(d, 1024), "strawberry")
+
+    def test_stderr_fileobj(self):
+        """stderr is set to open file object"""
+        tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() 
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'],
+                         stderr=tf)
+        p.wait()
+        tf.seek(0)
+        self.assertEqual(tf.read(), "strawberry")
+
+    def test_stdout_stderr_pipe(self):
+        """capture stdout and stderr to the same pipe"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys;' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("apple");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stderr.write("orange")'],
+                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                         stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+        self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), "appleorange")
+
+    def test_stdout_stderr_file(self):
+        """capture stdout and stderr to the same open file"""
+        tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys;' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("apple");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stderr.write("orange")'],
+                         stdout=tf,
+                         stderr=tf)
+        p.wait()
+        tf.seek(0)
+        self.assertEqual(tf.read(), "appleorange")
+
+    def test_cwd(self):
+        """cwd"""
+        tmpdir = os.getenv("TEMP", "/tmp")
+        tmpdir = os.path.realpath(tmpdir)
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys,os;' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write(os.getcwd())'],
+                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                         cwd=tmpdir)
+        self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), tmpdir)
+
+    def test_env(self):
+        """env"""
+        newenv = os.environ.copy()
+        newenv["FRUIT"] = "orange"
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys,os;' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write(os.getenv("FRUIT"))'],
+                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                         env=newenv)
+        self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), "orange")
+
+    def test_communicate(self):
+        """communicate()"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys,os;' \
+                          'sys.stderr.write("pineapple");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())'],
+                         stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate("banana")
+        self.assertEqual(stdout, "banana")
+        self.assertEqual(stderr, "pineapple")
+
+    def test_communicate_returns(self):
+        """communicate() should return None if no redirection is active"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"])
+        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+        self.assertEqual(stdout, None)
+        self.assertEqual(stderr, None)
+
+    def test_communicate_pipe_buf(self):
+        """communicate() with writes larger than pipe_buf"""
+        # This test will probably deadlock rather than fail, if
+        # communicate() does not work properly. 
+        x, y = os.pipe()
+        if mswindows:
+            pipe_buf = 512
+        else:
+            pipe_buf = os.fpathconf(x, "PC_PIPE_BUF")
+        os.close(x)
+        os.close(y)
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys,os;' 
+                          'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read(47));' \
+                          'sys.stderr.write("xyz"*%d);' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())' % pipe_buf],
+                         stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        string_to_write = "abc"*pipe_buf
+        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate(string_to_write)
+        self.assertEqual(stdout, string_to_write)
+
+    def test_writes_before_communicate(self):
+        """stdin.write before communicate()"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys,os;' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())'],
+                         stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        p.stdin.write("banana")
+        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate("split")
+        self.assertEqual(stdout, "bananasplit")
+        self.assertEqual(stderr, "")
+        
+    def test_universal_newlines(self):
+        """universal newlines"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys,os;' + SETBINARY + \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("line1\\n");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("line2\\r");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("line3\\r\\n");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("line4\\r");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("\\nline5");'
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("\\nline6");'],
+                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                         universal_newlines=1)
+        stdout = p.stdout.read()
+        if hasattr(open, 'newlines'):
+            # Interpreter with universal newline support
+            self.assertEqual(stdout, "line1\nline2\nline3\nline4\nline5\nline6")
+        else:
+            # Interpreter without universal newline support
+            self.assertEqual(stdout, "line1\nline2\rline3\r\nline4\r\nline5\nline6")
+
+    def test_universal_newlines_communicate(self):
+        """universal newlines through communicate()"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                          'import sys,os;' + SETBINARY + \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("line1\\n");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("line2\\r");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("line3\\r\\n");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("line4\\r");' \
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("\\nline5");'
+                          'sys.stdout.flush();' \
+                          'sys.stdout.write("\\nline6");'],
+                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                         universal_newlines=1)
+        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
+        if hasattr(open, 'newlines'):
+            # Interpreter with universal newline support
+            self.assertEqual(stdout, "line1\nline2\nline3\nline4\nline5\nline6")
+        else:
+            # Interpreter without universal newline support
+            self.assertEqual(stdout, "line1\nline2\rline3\r\nline4\r\nline5\nline6")
+
+    def test_no_leaking(self):
+        """Make sure we leak no resources"""
+        for i in range(1026):
+            p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys;sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())"],
+                             stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+            data = p.communicate("lime")[0]
+            self.assertEqual(data, "lime")
+
+
+    def test_list2cmdline(self):
+        """list2cmdline"""
+
+        self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a b c', 'd', 'e']),
+                         '"a b c" d e')
+        self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['ab"c', '\\', 'd']),
+                         'ab\\"c \\ d')
+        self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\\\b', 'de fg', 'h']),
+                         'a\\\\\\b "de fg" h')
+        self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\"b', 'c', 'd']),
+                         'a\\\\\\"b c d')
+        self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\b c', 'd', 'e']),
+                         '"a\\\\b c" d e')
+        self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\b\\ c', 'd', 'e']),
+                         '"a\\\\b\\ c" d e')
+
+
+    def test_poll(self):
+        """poll"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable,
+                          "-c", "import time; time.sleep(4)"])
+        while p.poll() == None:
+            sys.stdout.write(".")
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+            time.sleep(0.5)
+        # Subsequent invocations should just return the returncode
+        self.assertEqual(p.poll(), 0)
+
+
+    def test_wait(self):
+        """wait"""
+        p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable,
+                          "-c", "import time; time.sleep(2)"])
+        self.assertEqual(p.wait(), 0)
+        # Subsequent invocations should just return the returncode
+        self.assertEqual(p.wait(), 0)
+        
+    #
+    # POSIX tests
+    #
+    if not mswindows:
+        def test_exceptions(self):
+            """catched & re-raised exceptions"""
+            try:
+                p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", ""],
+                                 cwd="/this/path/does/not/exist")
+            except OSError, e:
+                # The attribute child_traceback should contain "os.chdir"
+                # somewhere.
+                self.assertNotEqual(e.child_traceback.find("os.chdir"), -1)
+            else:
+                self.fail("Expected OSError")
+        
+        def test_run_abort(self):
+            """returncode handles signal termination"""
+            p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import os; os.abort()"])
+            p.wait()
+            self.assertEqual(-p.returncode, signal.SIGABRT)
+
+        def test_preexec(self):
+            """preexec function"""
+            p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                              'import sys,os;' \
+                              'sys.stdout.write(os.getenv("FRUIT"))'],
+                             stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                             preexec_fn=lambda: os.putenv("FRUIT", "apple"))
+            self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), "apple")
+
+        def test_close_fds(self):
+            """close_fds"""
+            # Make sure we have some fds open
+            os.pipe()
+            p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
+                              'import sys,os;' \
+                              'sys.stdout.write(str(os.dup(0)))'],
+                             stdout=subprocess.PIPE, close_fds=1)
+            # When all fds are closed, the next free fd should be 3. 
+            self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), "3")
+
+        def test_args_string(self):
+            """args is a string"""
+            f, fname = self.mkstemp()
+            os.write(f, "#!/bin/sh\n")
+            os.write(f, "exec %s -c 'import sys; sys.exit(47)'\n" % sys.executable)
+            os.close(f)
+            os.chmod(fname, 0700)
+            p = subprocess.Popen(fname)
+            p.wait()
+            self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 47)
+            os.remove(fname)
+
+        def test_invalid_args(self):
+            """invalid arguments should raise ValueError"""
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call,
+                              [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
+                              startupinfo=47)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call,
+                              [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
+                              creationflags=47)
+
+        def test_shell_sequence(self):
+            """Run command through the shell (sequence)"""
+            newenv = os.environ.copy()
+            newenv["FRUIT"] = "apple"
+            p = subprocess.Popen(["echo $FRUIT"], shell=1,
+                                 stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                 env=newenv)
+            self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read().strip(), "apple")
+
+        def test_shell_string(self):
+            """Run command through the shell (string)"""
+            newenv = os.environ.copy()
+            newenv["FRUIT"] = "apple"
+            p = subprocess.Popen("echo $FRUIT", shell=1,
+                                 stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                 env=newenv)
+            self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read().strip(), "apple")
+
+        def test_call_string(self):
+            """call() function with string argument on UNIX"""
+            f, fname = self.mkstemp()
+            os.write(f, "#!/bin/sh\n")
+            os.write(f, "exec %s -c 'import sys; sys.exit(47)'\n" % sys.executable)
+            os.close(f)
+            os.chmod(fname, 0700)
+            rc = subprocess.call(fname)
+            self.assertEqual(rc, 47)
+
+            
+    #
+    # Windows tests
+    #
+    if mswindows:
+        def test_startupinfo(self):
+            """startupinfo argument"""
+            # We uses hardcoded constants, because we do not want to
+            # depend on win32all. 
+            STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW = 1
+            SW_MAXIMIZE = 3
+            startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO()
+            startupinfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
+            startupinfo.wShowWindow = SW_MAXIMIZE
+            # Since Python is a console process, it won't be affected
+            # by wShowWindow, but the argument should be silently
+            # ignored
+            subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(0)"],
+                        startupinfo=startupinfo)
+
+        def test_creationflags(self):
+            """creationflags argument"""
+            CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE = 16
+            subprocess.call(sys.executable + ' -c "import time; time.sleep(2)"',
+                            creationflags=CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE)
+
+        def test_invalid_args(self):
+            """invalid arguments should raise ValueError"""
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call,
+                              [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
+                              preexec_fn=lambda: 1)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call,
+                              [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
+                              close_fds=True)
+
+        def test_shell_sequence(self):
+            """Run command through the shell (sequence)"""
+            newenv = os.environ.copy()
+            newenv["FRUIT"] = "physalis"
+            p = subprocess.Popen(["set"], shell=1,
+                                 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
+                                 env=newenv)
+            self.assertNotEqual(p.stdout.read().find("physalis"), -1)
+
+        def test_shell_string(self):
+            """Run command through the shell (string)"""
+            newenv = os.environ.copy()
+            newenv["FRUIT"] = "physalis"
+            p = subprocess.Popen("set", shell=1,
+                                 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
+                                 env=newenv)
+            self.assertNotEqual(p.stdout.read().find("physalis"), -1)
+
+        def test_call_string(self):
+            """call() function with string argument on Windows"""
+            rc = subprocess.call(sys.executable + ' -c "import sys; sys.exit(47)"')
+            self.assertEqual(rc, 47)
+
+
+
+def test_main():
+    test_support.run_unittest(ProcessTestCase)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_main()
+