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authorGuido van Rossum <guido@python.org>2007-06-06 23:52:48 (GMT)
committerGuido van Rossum <guido@python.org>2007-06-06 23:52:48 (GMT)
commite7ba4956272a7105ea90dd505f70e5947aa27161 (patch)
treeb28c14ab345faf72d32ae96639f8e1d2629e1761 /Misc/cheatsheet
parent0e41148c4bdb3b1af157a9bf55df4bc27474f1e8 (diff)
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Merged revisions 55631-55794 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/branches/p3yk ................ r55636 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 00:06:39 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 149 lines Merged revisions 55506-55635 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r55507 | georg.brandl | 2007-05-22 07:28:17 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 2 lines Remove the "panel" module doc file which has been ignored since 1994. ........ r55522 | mark.hammond | 2007-05-22 19:04:28 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 4 lines Remove definition of PY_UNICODE_TYPE from pyconfig.h, allowing the definition in unicodeobject.h to be used, giving us the desired wchar_t in place of 'unsigned short'. As discussed on python-dev. ........ r55525 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-22 23:35:32 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 6 lines Add -3 option to the interpreter to warn about features that are deprecated and will be changed/removed in Python 3.0. This patch is mostly from Anthony. I tweaked some format and added a little doc. ........ r55527 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-22 23:57:35 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 1 line Whitespace cleanup ........ r55528 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-22 23:58:36 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 1 line Add a bunch more deprecation warnings for builtins that are going away in 3.0 ........ r55549 | georg.brandl | 2007-05-24 09:49:29 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 2 lines shlex.split() now has an optional "posix" parameter. ........ r55550 | georg.brandl | 2007-05-24 10:33:33 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 2 lines Fix parameter passing. ........ r55555 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 10:50:54 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 6 lines Added an optional timeout parameter to urllib.ftpwrapper, with tests (for this and a basic one, because there weren't any). Changed also NEWS, but didn't find documentation for this function, assumed it wasn't public... ........ r55563 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 13:01:59 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 4 lines Removed the .recv() in the test, is not necessary, and was causing problems that didn't have anything to do with was actually being tested... ........ r55564 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 13:51:19 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 5 lines Let's see if reading exactly what is written allow this live test to pass (now I know why there were so few tests in ftp, http, etc, :( ). ........ r55567 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 20:10:28 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 4 lines Trying to make the tests work in Windows and Solaris, everywhere else just works ........ r55568 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 20:47:19 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 4 lines Fixing stupid error, and introducing a sleep, to see if the other thread is awakened and finish sending data. ........ r55569 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 21:20:22 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 4 lines Commenting out the tests until find out who can test them in one of the problematic enviroments. ........ r55570 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-24 22:13:40 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 2 lines Get test passing again by commenting out the reference to the test class. ........ r55575 | vinay.sajip | 2007-05-25 00:05:59 -0700 (Fri, 25 May 2007) | 1 line Updated docstring for SysLogHandler (#1720726). ........ r55576 | vinay.sajip | 2007-05-25 00:06:55 -0700 (Fri, 25 May 2007) | 1 line Updated documentation for SysLogHandler (#1720726). ........ r55592 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-25 13:17:15 -0700 (Fri, 25 May 2007) | 3 lines Remove direct call's to file's constructor and replace them with calls to open() as ths is considered best practice. ........ r55601 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-05-26 12:19:50 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 1 line Remove the rgbimgmodule from PCBuild8 ........ r55602 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-05-26 12:31:39 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 1 line Include <windows.h> after python.h, so that WINNT is properly set before windows.h is included. Fixes warnings in PC builds. ........ r55603 | walter.doerwald | 2007-05-26 14:04:13 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 2 lines Fix typo. ........ r55604 | peter.astrand | 2007-05-26 15:18:20 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 1 line Applied patch 1669481, slightly modified: Support close_fds on Win32 ........ r55606 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-26 21:08:54 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 2 lines Add the new function object attribute names from py3k. ........ r55617 | lars.gustaebel | 2007-05-27 12:49:30 -0700 (Sun, 27 May 2007) | 20 lines Added errors argument to TarFile class that allows the user to specify an error handling scheme for character conversion. Additional scheme "utf-8" in read mode. Unicode input filenames are now supported by design. The values of the pax_headers dictionary are now limited to unicode objects. Fixed: The prefix field is no longer used in PAX_FORMAT (in conformance with POSIX). Fixed: In read mode use a possible pax header size field. Fixed: Strip trailing slashes from pax header name values. Fixed: Give values in user-specified pax_headers precedence when writing. Added unicode tests. Added pax/regtype4 member to testtar.tar all possible number fields in a pax header. Added two chapters to the documentation about the different formats tarfile.py supports and how unicode issues are handled. ........ r55618 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-05-27 22:23:22 -0700 (Sun, 27 May 2007) | 1 line Explain when groupby() issues a new group. ........ r55634 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-05-28 21:01:29 -0700 (Mon, 28 May 2007) | 2 lines Test pre-commit hook for a link to a .py file. ........ r55635 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-05-28 21:02:03 -0700 (Mon, 28 May 2007) | 2 lines Revert 55634. ........ ................ r55639 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 00:58:11 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Remove sys.exc_{type,exc_value,exc_traceback} ................ r55641 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 01:03:50 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Missed one sys.exc_type. I wonder why exc_{value,traceback} were already gone ................ r55642 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 01:08:33 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Missed more doc for sys.exc_* attrs. ................ r55643 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 01:18:19 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Remove sys.exc_clear() ................ r55665 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-29 19:45:43 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 4 lines Make None, True, False keywords. We can now also delete all the other places that explicitly forbid assignment to None, but I'm not going to bother right now. ................ r55666 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-29 20:01:51 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 3 lines Found another place that needs check for forbidden names. Fixed test_syntax.py accordingly (it helped me find that one). ................ r55668 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-29 20:41:48 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 2 lines Mark None, True, False as keywords. ................ r55673 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 23:28:25 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 3 lines Get the dis module working on modules again after changing dicts to not return lists and also new-style classes. Add a test. ................ r55674 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 23:35:45 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Umm, it helps to add the module that the test uses ................ r55675 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 23:53:05 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 4 lines Try to fix up all the other places that were assigning to True/False. There's at least one more problem in test.test_xmlrpc. I have other changes in that file and that should be fixed soon (I hope). ................ r55679 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-30 00:31:55 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 1 line Fix up another place that was assigning to True/False. ................ r55688 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 14:19:47 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Ditch MimeWriter. ................ r55692 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 14:52:00 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Remove the mimify module. ................ r55707 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-31 05:08:45 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Backport the addition of show_code() to dis.py -- it's too handy. ................ r55708 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-31 06:22:57 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 7 lines Fix a fairly long-standing bug in the check for assignment to None (and other keywords, these days). In 2.5, you could write foo(None=1) without getting a SyntaxError (although foo()'s definition would have to use **kwds to avoid getting a runtime error complaining about an unknown keyword of course). This ought to be backported to 2.5.2 or at least 2.6. ................ r55724 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-31 19:32:41 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Remove the cfmfile. ................ r55727 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-31 22:19:44 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 1 line Remove reload() builtin. ................ r55729 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-31 22:51:30 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 59 lines Merged revisions 55636-55728 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r55637 | georg.brandl | 2007-05-29 00:16:47 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 2 lines Fix rst markup. ........ r55638 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 00:51:39 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Fix typo in doc ........ r55671 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 21:53:41 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Fix indentation (whitespace only). ........ r55676 | thomas.heller | 2007-05-29 23:58:30 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Fix compiler warnings. ........ r55677 | thomas.heller | 2007-05-30 00:01:25 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Correct the name of a field in the WIN32_FIND_DATAA and WIN32_FIND_DATAW structures. Closes bug #1726026. ........ r55686 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 13:46:26 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Have MimeWriter raise a DeprecationWarning as per PEP 4 and its documentation. ........ r55690 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 14:48:58 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 3 lines Have mimify raise a DeprecationWarning. The docs and PEP 4 have listed the module as deprecated for a while. ........ r55696 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 15:24:28 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Have md5 raise a DeprecationWarning as per PEP 4. ........ r55705 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-30 21:14:22 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 1 line Add some spaces in the example code. ........ r55716 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-31 12:20:00 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Have the sha module raise a DeprecationWarning as specified in PEP 4. ........ r55719 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-31 12:40:42 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Cause buildtools to raise a DeprecationWarning. ........ r55721 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-31 13:01:11 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Have cfmfile raise a DeprecationWarning as per PEP 4. ........ r55726 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-31 21:56:47 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 1 line Mail if there is an installation failure. ........ ................ r55730 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-31 23:22:07 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Remove the code that was missed in rev 55303. ................ r55738 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-01 19:10:43 -0700 (Fri, 01 Jun 2007) | 1 line Fix doc breakage ................ r55741 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-02 00:41:58 -0700 (Sat, 02 Jun 2007) | 1 line Remove timing module (plus some remnants of other modules). ................ r55742 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-02 00:51:44 -0700 (Sat, 02 Jun 2007) | 1 line Remove posixfile module (plus some remnants of other modules). ................ r55744 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-02 10:18:56 -0700 (Sat, 02 Jun 2007) | 1 line Fix doc breakage. ................ r55745 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-02 11:32:16 -0700 (Sat, 02 Jun 2007) | 1 line Make a whatsnew 3.0 template. ................ r55754 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-03 23:24:18 -0700 (Sun, 03 Jun 2007) | 1 line SF #1730441, os._execvpe raises UnboundLocal due to new try/except semantics ................ r55755 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-03 23:26:00 -0700 (Sun, 03 Jun 2007) | 1 line Get rid of extra whitespace ................ r55794 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-06-06 15:29:22 -0700 (Wed, 06 Jun 2007) | 3 lines Make this compile in GCC 2.96, which does not allow interspersing declarations and code. ................
Diffstat (limited to 'Misc/cheatsheet')
-rw-r--r--Misc/cheatsheet61
1 files changed, 20 insertions, 41 deletions
diff --git a/Misc/cheatsheet b/Misc/cheatsheet
index c1411eb..b1a428b 100644
--- a/Misc/cheatsheet
+++ b/Misc/cheatsheet
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ Option Effect
-h print this help message and exit
-i Inspect interactively after running script (also PYTHONINSPECT=x) and
force prompts, even if stdin appears not to be a terminal
+-m mod run library module as a script (terminates option list
-O optimize generated bytecode (a tad; also PYTHONOPTIMIZE=x)
-OO remove doc-strings in addition to the -O optimizations
-Q arg division options: -Qold (default), -Qwarn, -Qwarnall, -Qnew
@@ -926,7 +927,6 @@ fromlist]]])
abs(x) Return the absolute value of number x.
bool(x) Returns True when the argument x is true and False otherwise.
buffer(obj) Creates a buffer reference to an object.
-callable(x) Returns True if x callable, else False.
chr(i) Returns one-character string whose ASCII code isinteger i
classmethod(f) Converts a function f, into a method with the class as the
first argument. Useful for creating alternative constructors.
@@ -934,14 +934,14 @@ cmp(x,y) Returns negative, 0, positive if x <, ==, > to y
compile(string, from which the code was read, or eg. '<string>'if not read
filename, kind) from file.kind can be 'eval' if string is a single stmt, or
'single' which prints the output of expression statements
- thatevaluate to something else than None, or be 'exec'.
+ that evaluate to something else than None, or be 'exec'.
complex(real[, Builds a complex object (can also be done using J or j
image]) suffix,e.g. 1+3J)
delattr(obj, name) deletes attribute named name of object obj <=> del obj.name
If no args, returns the list of names in current
dict([items]) Create a new dictionary from the specified item list.
-dir([object]) localsymbol table. With a module, class or class
- instanceobject as arg, returns list of names in its attr.
+dir([object]) local symbol table. With a module, class or class
+ instance object as arg, returns list of names in its attr.
dict.
divmod(a,b) Returns tuple of (a/b, a%b)
enumerate(seq) Return a iterator giving: (0, seq[0]), (1, seq[1]), ...
@@ -956,7 +956,7 @@ sequence) function returns true. function takes one parameter.
float(x) Converts a number or a string to floating point.
getattr(object, [<default> arg added in 1.5.2]Gets attribute called name
name[, default])) from object,e.g. getattr(x, 'f') <=> x.f). If not found,
- raisesAttributeError or returns default if specified.
+ raises AttributeError or returns default if specified.
globals() Returns a dictionary containing current global variables.
hasattr(object, Returns true if object has attr called name.
name)
@@ -966,9 +966,7 @@ hex(x) Converts a number x to a hexadecimal string.
id(object) Returns a unique 'identity' integer for an object.
int(x[, base]) base paramenter specifies base from which to convert string
values.
-intern(aString) Enters aString in the table of "interned strings"
- andreturns the string. Interned strings are 'immortals'.
-isinstance(obj, returns true if obj is an instance of class. Ifissubclass
+isinstance(obj, Returns true if obj is an instance of class. Ifissubclass
class) (A,B) then isinstance(x,A) => isinstance(x,B)
issubclass(class1, returns true if class1 is derived from class2
class2)
@@ -1001,26 +999,24 @@ open(name Open a file.
[, buffering]])
pow(x, y [, z]) Returns x to power y [modulo z]. See also ** operator.
property() Created a property with access controlled by functions.
-range(start [,end Returns list of ints from >= start and < end.With 1 arg,
-[, step]]) list from 0..arg-1With 2 args, list from start..end-1With 3
- args, list from start up to end by step
-reload(module) after fixing it. If module was syntacticallycorrect but had
- an error in initialization, mustimport it one more time
- before calling reload().
- Returns a string containing a printable and if possible
-repr(object) evaluable representation of an object.
+range(start [,end Returns list of ints from >= start and < end. With 1 arg,
+[, step]]) list from 0..arg-1. With 2 args, list from start..end-1.
+ With 3 args, list from start up to end by step
+ after fixing it.
+repr(object) Returns a string containing a printable and if possible
+ evaluable representation of an object.
Class redefinable (__repr__). See also str().
round(x, n=0) Returns the floating point value x rounded to n digitsafter
the decimal point.
-setattr(object, This is the counterpart of getattr().setattr(o, 'foobar',
-name, value) 3) <=> o.foobar = 3Creates attribute if it doesn't exist!
+setattr(object, This is the counterpart of getattr(). setattr(o, 'foobar',
+name, value) 3) <=> o.foobar = 3. Creates attribute if it doesn't exist!
slice([start,] stop Returns a slice object representing a range, with R/
-[, step]) Oattributes: start, stop, step.
- Returns a string containing a nicely
+[, step]) O attributes: start, stop, step.
staticmethod() Convert a function to method with no self or class
argument. Useful for methods associated with a class that
do not need access to an object's internal state.
-str(object) printablerepresentation of an object. Class overridable
+str(object) Returns a string containing a nicely
+ printable representation of an object. Class overridable
(__str__).See also repr().
super(type) Create an unbound super object. Used to call cooperative
superclass methods.
@@ -1042,12 +1038,8 @@ encoding[, error thegiven encoding name and error treatment ('strict',
vars([object]) instance object as argumentreturns a dictionary
corresponding to the object'ssymbol table. Useful with "%"
formatting operator.
-xrange(start [, end Like range(), but doesn't actually store entire listall at
-[, step]]) once. Good to use in "for" loops when there is abig range
- and little memory.
-zip(seq1[, seq2, Returns a list of tuples where each tuple contains the nth
-...]) element of each of the argument sequences.
-
+zip(seq1[, seq2, Returns an iterator of tuples where each tuple contains
+...]) the nth element of each of the argument sequences.
@@ -1314,10 +1306,6 @@ builtin_module_names A list of strings giving the names of all moduleswritten
in C that are linked into this interpreter.
check_interval How often to check for thread switches or signals(measured
in number of virtual machine instructions)
-exc_type, exc_value, Deprecated since release 1.5. Use exc_info() instead.
-exc_traceback
-exitfunc User can set to a parameterless fcn. It will getcalled
- before interpreter exits.
last_type, Set only when an exception not handled andinterpreter
last_value, prints an error. Used by debuggers.
last_traceback
@@ -1350,7 +1338,7 @@ settrace(func) Sets a trace function: called before each line ofcode is
setprofile(func) Sets a profile function for performance profiling.
Info on exception currently being handled; this is atuple
(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback).Warning: assigning the
-exc_info() traceback return value to a loca variable in a
+exc_info() traceback return value to a local variable in a
function handling an exception will cause a circular
reference.
setdefaultencoding Change default Unicode encoding - defaults to 7-bit ASCII.
@@ -1857,7 +1845,6 @@ dospath Common operations on DOS pathnames.
dumbdbm A dumb and slow but simple dbm clone.
[DEL:dump:DEL] [DEL:Print python code that reconstructs a variable.:DEL]
email Comprehensive support for internet email.
-exceptions Class based built-in exception hierarchy.
filecmp File comparison.
fileinput Helper class to quickly write a loop over all standard input
files.
@@ -1872,7 +1859,6 @@ getopt Standard command line processing. See also ftp://
www.pauahtun.org/pub/getargspy.zip
getpass Utilities to get a password and/or the current user name.
glob filename globbing.
-gopherlib Gopher protocol client interface.
[DEL:grep:DEL] [DEL:'grep' utilities.:DEL]
gzip Read & write gzipped files.
heapq Priority queue implemented using lists organized as heaps.
@@ -1887,7 +1873,6 @@ imghdr Recognizing image files based on their first few bytes.
imputil Privides a way of writing customised import hooks.
inspect Tool for probing live Python objects.
keyword List of Python keywords.
-knee A Python re-implementation of hierarchical module import.
linecache Cache lines from files.
linuxaudiodev Lunix /dev/audio support.
locale Support for number formatting using the current locale
@@ -1900,8 +1885,6 @@ mailcap Mailcap file handling (RFC 1524).
mhlib MH (mailbox) interface.
mimetools Various tools used by MIME-reading or MIME-writing programs.
mimetypes Guess the MIME type of a file.
-MimeWriter Generic MIME writer.
-mimify Mimification and unmimification of mail messages.
mmap Interface to memory-mapped files - they behave like mutable
strings./font>
multifile Class to make multi-file messages easier to handle.
@@ -1920,7 +1903,6 @@ pickle Pickling (save and restore) of Python objects (a faster
pipes Conversion pipeline templates.
pkgunil Utilities for working with Python packages.
poplib A POP3 client class. Based on the J. Myers POP3 draft.
-posixfile Extended (posix) file operations.
posixpath Common operations on POSIX pathnames.
pprint Support to pretty-print lists, tuples, & dictionaries
recursively.
@@ -1933,7 +1915,6 @@ py_compile Routine to "compile" a .py file to a .pyc file.
pyclbr Parse a Python file and retrieve classes and methods.
Queue A multi-producer, multi-consumer queue.
quopri Conversions to/from quoted-printable transport encoding.
-rand Don't use unless you want compatibility with C's rand().
random Random variable generators
re Regular Expressions.
repr Redo repr() but with limits on most sizes.
@@ -1942,7 +1923,6 @@ rfc822 RFC-822 message manipulation class.
rlcompleter Word completion for GNU readline 2.0.
robotparser Parse robots.txt files, useful for web spiders.
sched A generally useful event scheduler class.
-sets Module for a set datatype.
sgmllib A parser for SGML.
shelve Manage shelves of pickled objects.
shlex Lexical analyzer class for simple shell-like syntaxes.
@@ -1954,7 +1934,6 @@ smtplib SMTP Client class (RFC 821)
sndhdr Several routines that help recognizing sound.
SocketServer Generic socket server classes.
stat Constants and functions for interpreting stat/lstat struct.
-statcache Maintain a cache of file stats.
statvfs Constants for interpreting statvfs struct as returned by
os.statvfs()and os.fstatvfs() (if they exist).
string A collection of string operations.