gh-104803: Implement ntpath.isdevdrive for checking whether a path is on a Windows Dev Drive (GH-104805)

(cherry picked from commit bfd20d257e4ad16a25f4bac0ea4dbb719cdf6bc7)

Co-authored-by: Steve Dower <steve.dower@python.org>

2 files changed, 159 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/Modules/clinic/posixmodule.c.h b/Modules/clinic/posixmodule.c.h
index 8b0550d..3312bd6 100644
--- a/Modules/clinic/posixmodule.c.h
+++ b/Modules/clinic/posixmodule.c.h
@@ -1715,6 +1715,70 @@ exit:
 
 #if defined(MS_WINDOWS)
 
+PyDoc_STRVAR(os__path_isdevdrive__doc__,
+"_path_isdevdrive($module, /, path)\n"
+"--\n"
+"\n"
+"Determines whether the specified path is on a Windows Dev Drive.");
+
+#define OS__PATH_ISDEVDRIVE_METHODDEF    \
+    {"_path_isdevdrive", _PyCFunction_CAST(os__path_isdevdrive), METH_FASTCALL|METH_KEYWORDS, os__path_isdevdrive__doc__},
+
+static PyObject *
+os__path_isdevdrive_impl(PyObject *module, path_t *path);
+
+static PyObject *
+os__path_isdevdrive(PyObject *module, PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, PyObject *kwnames)
+{
+    PyObject *return_value = NULL;
+    #if defined(Py_BUILD_CORE) && !defined(Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE)
+
+    #define NUM_KEYWORDS 1
+    static struct {
+        PyGC_Head _this_is_not_used;
+        PyObject_VAR_HEAD
+        PyObject *ob_item[NUM_KEYWORDS];
+    } _kwtuple = {
+        .ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyTuple_Type, NUM_KEYWORDS)
+        .ob_item = { &_Py_ID(path), },
+    };
+    #undef NUM_KEYWORDS
+    #define KWTUPLE (&_kwtuple.ob_base.ob_base)
+
+    #else  // !Py_BUILD_CORE
+    #  define KWTUPLE NULL
+    #endif  // !Py_BUILD_CORE
+
+    static const char * const _keywords[] = {"path", NULL};
+    static _PyArg_Parser _parser = {
+        .keywords = _keywords,
+        .fname = "_path_isdevdrive",
+        .kwtuple = KWTUPLE,
+    };
+    #undef KWTUPLE
+    PyObject *argsbuf[1];
+    path_t path = PATH_T_INITIALIZE("_path_isdevdrive", "path", 0, 0);
+
+    args = _PyArg_UnpackKeywords(args, nargs, NULL, kwnames, &_parser, 1, 1, 0, argsbuf);
+    if (!args) {
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if (!path_converter(args[0], &path)) {
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    return_value = os__path_isdevdrive_impl(module, &path);
+
+exit:
+    /* Cleanup for path */
+    path_cleanup(&path);
+
+    return return_value;
+}
+
+#endif /* defined(MS_WINDOWS) */
+
+#if defined(MS_WINDOWS)
+
 PyDoc_STRVAR(os__getfullpathname__doc__,
 "_getfullpathname($module, path, /)\n"
 "--\n"
@@ -11379,6 +11443,10 @@ exit:
     #define OS_LISTMOUNTS_METHODDEF
 #endif /* !defined(OS_LISTMOUNTS_METHODDEF) */
 
+#ifndef OS__PATH_ISDEVDRIVE_METHODDEF
+    #define OS__PATH_ISDEVDRIVE_METHODDEF
+#endif /* !defined(OS__PATH_ISDEVDRIVE_METHODDEF) */
+
 #ifndef OS__GETFULLPATHNAME_METHODDEF
     #define OS__GETFULLPATHNAME_METHODDEF
 #endif /* !defined(OS__GETFULLPATHNAME_METHODDEF) */
@@ -11922,4 +11990,4 @@ exit:
 #ifndef OS_WAITSTATUS_TO_EXITCODE_METHODDEF
     #define OS_WAITSTATUS_TO_EXITCODE_METHODDEF
 #endif /* !defined(OS_WAITSTATUS_TO_EXITCODE_METHODDEF) */
-/*[clinic end generated code: output=47750e0e29c8d707 input=a9049054013a1b77]*/
+/*[clinic end generated code: output=9d8b0d6717c9af54 input=a9049054013a1b77]*/
diff --git a/Modules/posixmodule.c b/Modules/posixmodule.c
index 531f26b..77df9e7 100644
--- a/Modules/posixmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/posixmodule.c
@@ -4530,6 +4530,95 @@ exit:
 }
 
 
+/*[clinic input]
+os._path_isdevdrive
+
+    path: path_t
+
+Determines whether the specified path is on a Windows Dev Drive.
+
+[clinic start generated code]*/
+
+static PyObject *
+os__path_isdevdrive_impl(PyObject *module, path_t *path)
+/*[clinic end generated code: output=1f437ea6677433a2 input=ee83e4996a48e23d]*/
+{
+#ifndef PERSISTENT_VOLUME_STATE_DEV_VOLUME
+    /* This flag will be documented at
+       https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-hardware/drivers/ddi/ntifs/ns-ntifs-_file_fs_persistent_volume_information
+       after release, and will be available in the latest WinSDK.
+       We include the flag to avoid a specific version dependency
+       on the latest WinSDK. */
+    const int PERSISTENT_VOLUME_STATE_DEV_VOLUME = 0x00002000;
+#endif
+    int err = 0;
+    PyObject *r = NULL;
+    wchar_t volume[MAX_PATH];
+
+    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+    if (!GetVolumePathNameW(path->wide, volume, MAX_PATH)) {
+        /* invalid path of some kind */
+        /* Note that this also includes the case where a volume is mounted
+           in a path longer than 260 characters. This is likely to be rare
+           and problematic for other reasons, so a (soft) failure in this
+           check seems okay. */
+        err = GetLastError();
+    } else if (GetDriveTypeW(volume) != DRIVE_FIXED) {
+        /* only care about local dev drives */
+        r = Py_False;
+    } else {
+        HANDLE hVolume = CreateFileW(
+            volume,
+            FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES,
+            FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+            NULL,
+            OPEN_EXISTING,
+            FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS,
+            NULL
+        );
+        if (hVolume == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+            err = GetLastError();
+        } else {
+            FILE_FS_PERSISTENT_VOLUME_INFORMATION volumeState = {0};
+            volumeState.Version = 1;
+            volumeState.FlagMask = PERSISTENT_VOLUME_STATE_DEV_VOLUME;
+            if (!DeviceIoControl(
+                hVolume,
+                FSCTL_QUERY_PERSISTENT_VOLUME_STATE,
+                &volumeState,
+                sizeof(volumeState),
+                &volumeState,
+                sizeof(volumeState),
+                NULL,
+                NULL
+            )) {
+                err = GetLastError();
+            }
+            CloseHandle(hVolume);
+            if (err == ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER) {
+                /* not supported on this platform */
+                r = Py_False;
+            } else if (!err) {
+                r = (volumeState.VolumeFlags & PERSISTENT_VOLUME_STATE_DEV_VOLUME)
+                    ? Py_True : Py_False;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    if (err) {
+        PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(err);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (r) {
+        return Py_NewRef(r);
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
 int
 _PyOS_getfullpathname(const wchar_t *path, wchar_t **abspath_p)
 {
@@ -15797,6 +15886,7 @@ static PyMethodDef posix_methods[] = {
     OS_SETNS_METHODDEF
     OS_UNSHARE_METHODDEF
 
+    OS__PATH_ISDEVDRIVE_METHODDEF
     OS__PATH_ISDIR_METHODDEF
     OS__PATH_ISFILE_METHODDEF
     OS__PATH_ISLINK_METHODDEF