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| -rw-r--r-- | Doc/tut.tex | 40 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Doc/tut/tut.tex | 40 |
2 files changed, 62 insertions, 18 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/tut.tex b/Doc/tut.tex index be84fcc..f86fc39 100644 --- a/Doc/tut.tex +++ b/Doc/tut.tex @@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ modules that can save you a lot of time when writing Python programs. \section{Invoking the Interpreter} -The Python interpreter is usually installed as {\tt /usr/local/python} -on those machines where it is available; putting {\tt /usr/local} in +The Python interpreter is usually installed as {\tt /usr/local/bin/python} +on those machines where it is available; putting {\tt /usr/local/bin} in your {\UNIX} shell's search path makes it possible to start it by typing the command @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ python to the shell. Since the choice of the directory where the interpreter lives is an installation option, other places are possible; check with your local Python guru or system administrator. (E.g., {\tt -/usr/local/bin/python} is a popular alternative location.) +/usr/local/python} is a popular alternative location.) The interpreter operates somewhat like the {\UNIX} shell: when called with standard input connected to a tty device, it reads and executes @@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ and a copyright notice before printing the first prompt, e.g.: \bcode\begin{verbatim} python -Python 0.9.5 (Jan 2 1992). +Python 0.9.7 (Aug 28 1992). Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam >>> \end{verbatim}\ecode @@ -248,12 +248,12 @@ When a module named {\tt foo} is imported, the interpreter searches for a file named {\tt foo.py} in the list of directories specified by the environment variable {\tt PYTHONPATH}. It has the same syntax as the {\UNIX} shell variable {\tt PATH}, i.e., a list of colon-separated -directory names. When {\tt PYTHONPATH} is not set, an -installation-dependent default path is used, usually {\tt -.:/usr/local/lib/python}. +directory names. When {\tt PYTHONPATH} is not set, or when the file +is not found there, the search continues in an installation-dependent +default path, usually {\tt .:/usr/local/lib/python}. Actually, modules are searched in the list of directories given by the -variable {\tt sys.path} which is initialized from {\tt PYTHONPATH} or +variable {\tt sys.path} which is initialized from {\tt PYTHONPATH} and the installation-dependent default. This allows Python programs that know what they're doing to modify or replace the module search path. See the section on Standard Modules later. @@ -280,13 +280,35 @@ On BSD'ish {\UNIX} systems, Python scripts can be made directly executable, like shell scripts, by putting the line \bcode\begin{verbatim} -#! /usr/local/python +#! /usr/local/bin/python \end{verbatim}\ecode % (assuming that's the name of the interpreter) at the beginning of the script and giving the file an executable mode. The {\tt \#!} must be the first two characters of the file. +\subsection{The Interactive Startup File} + +When you use Python interactively, it is frequently handy to have some +standard commands executed every time the interpreter is started. You +can do this by setting an environment variable named {\tt +PYTHONSTARTUP} to the name of a file containing your start-up +commands. This is similar to the {\tt /profile} feature of the UNIX +shells. + +This file is only read in interactive sessions, not when Python reads +commands from a script, and not when {\tt /dev/tty} is given as the +explicit source of commands (which otherwise behaves like an +interactive session). It is executed in the same name space where +interactive commands are executed, so that objects that it defines or +imports can be used without qualification in the interactive session. + +If you want to read an additional start-up file from the current +directory, you can program this in the global start-up file, e.g. +\verb\execfile('.pythonrc')\. If you want to use the startup file +in a script, you must write this explicitly in the script, e.g. +\verb\import os;\ \verb\execfile(os.environ['PYTHONSTARTUP'])\. + \section{Interactive Input Editing and History Substitution} Some versions of the Python interpreter support editing of the current diff --git a/Doc/tut/tut.tex b/Doc/tut/tut.tex index be84fcc..f86fc39 100644 --- a/Doc/tut/tut.tex +++ b/Doc/tut/tut.tex @@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ modules that can save you a lot of time when writing Python programs. \section{Invoking the Interpreter} -The Python interpreter is usually installed as {\tt /usr/local/python} -on those machines where it is available; putting {\tt /usr/local} in +The Python interpreter is usually installed as {\tt /usr/local/bin/python} +on those machines where it is available; putting {\tt /usr/local/bin} in your {\UNIX} shell's search path makes it possible to start it by typing the command @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ python to the shell. Since the choice of the directory where the interpreter lives is an installation option, other places are possible; check with your local Python guru or system administrator. (E.g., {\tt -/usr/local/bin/python} is a popular alternative location.) +/usr/local/python} is a popular alternative location.) The interpreter operates somewhat like the {\UNIX} shell: when called with standard input connected to a tty device, it reads and executes @@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ and a copyright notice before printing the first prompt, e.g.: \bcode\begin{verbatim} python -Python 0.9.5 (Jan 2 1992). +Python 0.9.7 (Aug 28 1992). Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam >>> \end{verbatim}\ecode @@ -248,12 +248,12 @@ When a module named {\tt foo} is imported, the interpreter searches for a file named {\tt foo.py} in the list of directories specified by the environment variable {\tt PYTHONPATH}. It has the same syntax as the {\UNIX} shell variable {\tt PATH}, i.e., a list of colon-separated -directory names. When {\tt PYTHONPATH} is not set, an -installation-dependent default path is used, usually {\tt -.:/usr/local/lib/python}. +directory names. When {\tt PYTHONPATH} is not set, or when the file +is not found there, the search continues in an installation-dependent +default path, usually {\tt .:/usr/local/lib/python}. Actually, modules are searched in the list of directories given by the -variable {\tt sys.path} which is initialized from {\tt PYTHONPATH} or +variable {\tt sys.path} which is initialized from {\tt PYTHONPATH} and the installation-dependent default. This allows Python programs that know what they're doing to modify or replace the module search path. See the section on Standard Modules later. @@ -280,13 +280,35 @@ On BSD'ish {\UNIX} systems, Python scripts can be made directly executable, like shell scripts, by putting the line \bcode\begin{verbatim} -#! /usr/local/python +#! /usr/local/bin/python \end{verbatim}\ecode % (assuming that's the name of the interpreter) at the beginning of the script and giving the file an executable mode. The {\tt \#!} must be the first two characters of the file. +\subsection{The Interactive Startup File} + +When you use Python interactively, it is frequently handy to have some +standard commands executed every time the interpreter is started. You +can do this by setting an environment variable named {\tt +PYTHONSTARTUP} to the name of a file containing your start-up +commands. This is similar to the {\tt /profile} feature of the UNIX +shells. + +This file is only read in interactive sessions, not when Python reads +commands from a script, and not when {\tt /dev/tty} is given as the +explicit source of commands (which otherwise behaves like an +interactive session). It is executed in the same name space where +interactive commands are executed, so that objects that it defines or +imports can be used without qualification in the interactive session. + +If you want to read an additional start-up file from the current +directory, you can program this in the global start-up file, e.g. +\verb\execfile('.pythonrc')\. If you want to use the startup file +in a script, you must write this explicitly in the script, e.g. +\verb\import os;\ \verb\execfile(os.environ['PYTHONSTARTUP'])\. + \section{Interactive Input Editing and History Substitution} Some versions of the Python interpreter support editing of the current |