diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | Misc/cheatsheet | 36 |
1 files changed, 24 insertions, 12 deletions
diff --git a/Misc/cheatsheet b/Misc/cheatsheet index 828b54e..0e1d524 100644 --- a/Misc/cheatsheet +++ b/Misc/cheatsheet @@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ Lowest lambda args: expr anonymous function Alternate names are defined in module operator (e.g. __add__ and add for +) Most operators are overridable. -Many of binary operators support augmented assignment: +Many binary operators also support augmented assignment: x += 1 # Same as x = x + 1 @@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ Notes : Comparison behavior can be overridden for a given class by defining special method __cmp__. The above comparisions return True or False which are of type bool -(a subclass of int) and behave exactly as 1 or 0 except their type and +(a subclass of int) and behave exactly as 1 or 0 except for their type and that they print as True or False instead of 1 or 0. (1) X < Y < Z < W has expected meaning, unlike C (2) Compare object identities (i.e. id(object)), not object values. @@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ s.title() uppercase characters, all remaining cased characters s.translate(table return a copy of s mapped through translation table (12) [,deletechars]) table. s.upper() return a copy of s converted to uppercase. -s.zfill(width) return a string padded with zeroes on the left and +s.zfill(width) return a string padded with zeroes on the left side and sliding a minus sign left if necessary. never truncates. Notes : @@ -1804,13 +1804,13 @@ Bastion "Bastionification" utility (control access to instance vars) bdb A generic Python debugger base class. binhex Macintosh binhex compression/decompression. bisect List bisection algorithms. +bz2 Support for bz2 compression/decompression. calendar Calendar printing functions. cgi Wraps the WWW Forms Common Gateway Interface (CGI). +cgitb Utility for handling CGI tracebacks. CGIHTTPServer CGI http services. cmd A generic class to build line-oriented command interpreters. -[DEL:cmp:DEL] [DEL:Efficiently compare files, boolean outcome only.:DEL] -[DEL:cmpcache: [DEL:Same, but caches 'stat' results for speed.:DEL] -DEL] +datetime Basic date and time types. code Utilities needed to emulate Python's interactive interpreter codecs Lookup existing Unicode encodings and register new ones. colorsys Conversion functions between RGB and other color systems. @@ -1822,11 +1822,14 @@ copy_reg Helper to provide extensibility for pickle/cPickle. dbhash (g)dbm-compatible interface to bsdhash.hashopen. dircache Sorted list of files in a dir, using a cache. [DEL:dircmp:DEL] [DEL:Defines a class to build directory diff tools on.:DEL] +difflib Tool for creating delta between sequences. dis Bytecode disassembler. distutils Package installation system. +doctest Tool for running and verifying tests inside doc strings. dospath Common operations on DOS pathnames. dumbdbm A dumb and slow but simple dbm clone. [DEL:dump:DEL] [DEL:Print python code that reconstructs a variable.:DEL] +email Comprehensive support for internet email. exceptions Class based built-in exception hierarchy. filecmp File comparison. fileinput Helper class to quickly write a loop over all standard input @@ -1845,19 +1848,24 @@ glob filename globbing. gopherlib Gopher protocol client interface. [DEL:grep:DEL] [DEL:'grep' utilities.:DEL] gzip Read & write gzipped files. +heapq Priority queue implemented using lists organized as heaps. +HMAC Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication -- RFC 2104. htmlentitydefs Proposed entity definitions for HTML. htmllib HTML parsing utilities. +HTMLParser A parser for HTML and XHTML. httplib HTTP client class. ihooks Hooks into the "import" mechanism. imaplib IMAP4 client.Based on RFC 2060. imghdr Recognizing image files based on their first few bytes. imputil Privides a way of writing customised import hooks. +inspect Tool for probing live Python objects. keyword List of Python keywords. knee A Python re-implementation of hierarchical module import. linecache Cache lines from files. linuxaudiodev Lunix /dev/audio support. locale Support for number formatting using the current locale settings. +logging Python logging facility. macpath Pathname (or related) operations for the Macintosh. macurl2path Mac specific module for conversion between pathnames and URLs. mailbox A class to handle a unix-style or mmdf-style mailbox. @@ -1875,6 +1883,7 @@ netrc nntplib An NNTP client class. Based on RFC 977. ntpath Common operations on DOS pathnames. nturl2path Mac specific module for conversion between pathnames and URLs. +optparse A comprehensive tool for processing command line options. os Either mac, dos or posix depending system. [DEL:packmail: [DEL:Create a self-unpacking shell archive.:DEL] DEL] @@ -1882,7 +1891,7 @@ pdb A Python debugger. pickle Pickling (save and restore) of Python objects (a faster Cimplementation exists in built-in module: cPickle). pipes Conversion pipeline templates. -[DEL:poly:DEL] [DEL:Polynomials.:DEL] +pkgunil Utilities for working with Python packages. popen2 variations on pipe open. poplib A POP3 client class. Based on the J. Myers POP3 draft. posixfile Extended (posix) file operations. @@ -1891,6 +1900,7 @@ pprint Support to pretty-print lists, tuples, & dictionaries recursively. profile Class for profiling python code. pstats Class for printing reports on profiled python code. +pydoc Utility for generating documentation from source files. pty Pseudo terminal utilities. pyexpat Interface to the Expay XML parser. py_compile Routine to "compile" a .py file to a .pyc file. @@ -1898,19 +1908,17 @@ pyclbr Parse a Python file and retrieve classes and methods. Queue A multi-producer, multi-consumer queue. quopri Conversions to/from quoted-printable transport encoding. rand Don't use unless you want compatibility with C's rand(). -random Random variable generators (obsolete, use whrandom) +random Random variable generators re Regular Expressions. reconvert Convert old ("regex") regular expressions to new syntax ("re"). -regex_syntax Flags for regex.set_syntax(). -regexp Backward compatibility for module "regexp" using "regex". -regsub Regular expression subroutines. repr Redo repr() but with limits on most sizes. rexec Restricted execution facilities ("safe" exec, eval, etc). rfc822 RFC-822 message manipulation class. rlcompleter Word completion for GNU readline 2.0. robotparser Parse robot.txt files, useful for web spiders. sched A generally useful event scheduler class. +sets Module for a set datatype. sgmllib A parser for SGML. shelve Manage shelves of pickled objects. shlex Lexical analyzer class for simple shell-like syntaxes. @@ -1932,8 +1940,10 @@ sunau Stuff to parse Sun and NeXT audio files. sunaudio Interpret sun audio headers. symbol Non-terminal symbols of Python grammar (from "graminit.h"). tabnanny,/font> Check Python source for ambiguous indentation. +tarfile Facility for reading and writing to the *nix tarfile format. telnetlib TELNET client class. Based on RFC 854. tempfile Temporary file name allocation. +textwrap Object for wrapping and filling text. threading Proposed new higher-level threading interfaces threading_api (doc of the threading module) toaiff Convert "arbitrary" sound files to AIFF files . @@ -1953,17 +1963,19 @@ UserList A wrapper to allow subclassing of built-in list class. UserString A wrapper to allow subclassing of built-in string class. [DEL:util:DEL] [DEL:some useful functions that don't fit elsewhere !!:DEL] uu UUencode/UUdecode. +unittest Utilities for implementing unit testing. wave Stuff to parse WAVE files. +weakref Tools for creating and managing weakly referenced objects. webbrowser Platform independent URL launcher. [DEL:whatsound: [DEL:Several routines that help recognizing sound files.:DEL] DEL] whichdb Guess which db package to use to open a db file. -whrandom Wichmann-Hill random number generator. xdrlib Implements (a subset of) Sun XDR (eXternal Data Representation) xmllib A parser for XML, using the derived class as static DTD. xml.dom Classes for processing XML using the Document Object Model. xml.sax Classes for processing XML using the SAX API. +xmlrpclib Support for remote procedure calls using XML. zipfile Read & write PK zipped files. [DEL:zmod:DEL] [DEL:Demonstration of abstruse mathematical concepts.:DEL] |