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diff --git a/Doc/extref.tex b/Doc/extref.tex deleted file mode 100644 index fed1262..0000000 --- a/Doc/extref.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,641 +0,0 @@ -\newcommand{\NULL}{\code{NULL}} - -\chapter{Extension Reference} - -\section{Introduction} - -From the viewpoint of of C access to Python services, we have: - -\begin{enumerate} - \item "Very high level layer": two or three functions that let you exec or - eval arbitrary Python code given as a string in a module whose name is - given, passing C values in and getting C values out using - mkvalue/getargs style format strings. This does not require the user - to declare any variables of type "PyObject *". This should be enough - to write a simple application that gets Python code from the user, - execs it, and returns the output or errors. - - \item "Abstract objects layer": which is the subject of this chapter. - It has many functions operating on objects, and lest you do many - things from C that you can also write in Python, without going - through the Python parser. - - \item "Concrete objects layer": This is the public type-dependent - interface provided by the standard built-in types, such as floats, - strings, and lists. This interface exists and is currently - documented by the collection of include files provides with the - Python distributions. - - From the point of view of Python accessing services provided by C - modules: - - \item "Python module interface": this interface consist of the basic - routines used to define modules and their members. Most of the - current extensions-writing guide deals with this interface. - - \item "Built-in object interface": this is the interface that a new - built-in type must provide and the mechanisms and rules that a - developer of a new built-in type must use and follow. -\end{enumerate} - - The Python C object interface provides four protocols: object, - numeric, sequence, and mapping. Each protocol consists of a - collection of related operations. If an operation that is not - provided by a particular type is invoked, then a standard exception, - NotImplementedError is raised with a operation name as an argument. - In addition, for convenience this interface defines a set of - constructors for building objects of built-in types. This is needed - so new objects can be returned from C functions that otherwise treat - objects generically. - -\subsection{Memory Management} - - For all of the functions described in this chapter, if a function - retains a reference to a Python object passed as an argument, then the - function will increase the reference count of the object. It is - unnecessary for the caller to increase the reference count of an - argument in anticipation of the object's retention. - - All Python objects returned from functions should be treated as new - objects. Functions that return objects assume that the caller will - retain a reference and the reference count of the object has already - been incremented to account for this fact. A caller that does not - retain a reference to an object that is returned from a function - must decrement the reference count of the object (using - DECREF(object)) to prevent memory leaks. - - -\section{Object Protocol} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_Print}{PyObject *o, FILE *fp, int flags} - Print an object \code{o}, on file \code{fp}. Returns -1 on error - The flags argument is used to enable certain printing - options. The only option currently supported is \code{Py_Print_RAW}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_HasAttrString}{PyObject *o, char *attr_name} - Returns 1 if o has the attribute attr_name, and 0 otherwise. - This is equivalent to the Python expression: - \code{hasattr(o,attr_name)}. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_GetAttrString}{PyObject *o, char *attr_name} - Retrieve an attributed named attr_name form object o. - Returns the attribute value on success, or {\NULL} on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{o.attr_name}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_HasAttr}{PyObject *o, PyObject *attr_name} - Returns 1 if o has the attribute attr_name, and 0 otherwise. - This is equivalent to the Python expression: - \code{hasattr(o,attr_name)}. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_GetAttr}{PyObject *o, PyObject *attr_name} - Retrieve an attributed named attr_name form object o. - Returns the attribute value on success, or {\NULL} on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python expression: o.attr_name. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_SetAttrString}{PyObject *o, char *attr_name, PyObject *v} - Set the value of the attribute named \code{attr_name}, for object \code{o}, - to the value \code{v}. Returns -1 on failure. This is - the equivalent of the Python statement: \code{o.attr_name=v}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_SetAttr}{PyObject *o, PyObject *attr_name, PyObject *v} - Set the value of the attribute named \code{attr_name}, for - object \code{o}, - to the value \code{v}. Returns -1 on failure. This is - the equivalent of the Python statement: \code{o.attr_name=v}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_DelAttrString}{PyObject *o, char *attr_name} - Delete attribute named \code{attr_name}, for object \code{o}. Returns -1 on - failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - statement: \code{del o.attr_name}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_DelAttr}{PyObject *o, PyObject *attr_name} - Delete attribute named \code{attr_name}, for object \code{o}. Returns -1 on - failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - statement: \code{del o.attr_name}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_Cmp}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2, int *result} - Compare the values of \code{o1} and \code{o2} using a routine provided by - \code{o1}, if one exists, otherwise with a routine provided by \code{o2}. - The result of the comparison is returned in \code{result}. Returns - -1 on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - statement: \code{result=cmp(o1,o2)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_Compare}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Compare the values of \code{o1} and \code{o2} using a routine provided by - \code{o1}, if one exists, otherwise with a routine provided by \code{o2}. - Returns the result of the comparison on success. On error, - the value returned is undefined. This is equivalent to the - Python expression: \code{cmp(o1,o2)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_Repr}{PyObject *o} - Compute the string representation of object, \code{o}. Returns the - string representation on success, {\NULL} on failure. This is - the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{repr(o)}. - Called by the \code{repr()} built-in function and by reverse quotes. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_Str}{PyObject *o} - Compute the string representation of object, \code{o}. Returns the - string representation on success, {\NULL} on failure. This is - the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{str(o)}. - Called by the \code{str()} built-in function and by the \code{print} - statement. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyCallable_Check}{PyObject *o} - Determine if the object \code{o}, is callable. Return 1 if the - object is callable and 0 otherwise. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_CallObject}{PyObject *callable_object, PyObject *args} - Call a callable Python object \code{callable_object}, with - arguments given by the tuple \code{args}. If no arguments are - needed, then args may be {\NULL}. Returns the result of the - call on success, or {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent - of the Python expression: \code{apply(o, args)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_CallFunction}{PyObject *callable_object, char *format, ...} - Call a callable Python object \code{callable_object}, with a - variable number of C arguments. The C arguments are described - using a mkvalue-style format string. The format may be {\NULL}, - indicating that no arguments are provided. Returns the - result of the call on success, or {\NULL} on failure. This is - the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{apply(o,args)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_CallMethod}{PyObject *o, char *m, char *format, ...} - Call the method named \code{m} of object \code{o} with a variable number of - C arguments. The C arguments are described by a mkvalue - format string. The format may be {\NULL}, indicating that no - arguments are provided. Returns the result of the call on - success, or {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent of the - Python expression: \code{o.method(args)}. - Note that Special method names, such as "\code{__add__}", - "\code{__getitem__}", and so on are not supported. The specific - abstract-object routines for these must be used. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_Hash}{PyObject *o} - Compute and return the hash value of an object \code{o}. On - failure, return -1. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{hash(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_IsTrue}{PyObject *o} - Returns 1 if the object \code{o} is considered to be true, and - 0 otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression: - \code{not not o}. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_Type}{PyObject *o} - On success, returns a type object corresponding to the object - type of object \code{o}. On failure, returns {\NULL}. This is - equivalent to the Python expression: \code{type(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_Length}{PyObject *o} - Return the length of object \code{o}. If the object \code{o} provides - both sequence and mapping protocols, the sequence length is - returned. On error, -1 is returned. This is the equivalent - to the Python expression: \code{len(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyObject_GetItem}{PyObject *o, PyObject *key} - Return element of \code{o} corresponding to the object \code{key} or {\NULL} - on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{o[key]}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_SetItem}{PyObject *o, PyObject *key, PyObject *v} - Map the object \code{key} to the value \code{v}. - Returns -1 on failure. This is the equivalent - of the Python statement: \code{o[key]=v}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyObject_DelItem}{PyObject *o, PyObject *key, PyObject *v} - Delete the mapping for \code{key} from \code{*o}. Returns -1 - on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python statement: del o[key]. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - -\section{Number Protocol} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyNumber_Check}{PyObject *o} - Returns 1 if the object \code{o} provides numeric protocols, and - false otherwise. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Add}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the result of adding \code{o1} and \code{o2}, or null on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{o1+o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Subtract}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the result of subtracting \code{o2} from \code{o1}, or null on - failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{o1-o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Multiply}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the result of multiplying \code{o1} and \code{o2}, or null on - failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{o1*o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Divide}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the result of dividing \code{o1} by \code{o2}, or null on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{o1/o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Remainder}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the remainder of dividing \code{o1} by \code{o2}, or null on - failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{o1\%o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Divmod}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - See the built-in function divmod. Returns {\NULL} on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{divmod(o1,o2)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Power}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2, PyObject *o3} - See the built-in function pow. Returns {\NULL} on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{pow(o1,o2,o3)}, where \code{o3} is optional. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Negative}{PyObject *o} - Returns the negation of \code{o} on success, or null on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{-o}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Positive}{PyObject *o} - Returns \code{o} on success, or {\NULL} on failure. - This is the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{+o}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Absolute}{PyObject *o} - Returns the absolute value of \code{o}, or null on failure. This is - the equivalent of the Python expression: \code{abs(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Invert}{PyObject *o} - Returns the bitwise negation of \code{o} on success, or {\NULL} on - failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{~o}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Lshift}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the result of left shifting \code{o1} by \code{o2} on success, or - {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{o1 << o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Rshift}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the result of right shifting \code{o1} by \code{o2} on success, or - {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{o1 >> o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_And}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the result of "anding" \code{o2} and \code{o2} on success and {\NULL} - on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{o1 and o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Xor}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the bitwise exclusive or of \code{o1} by \code{o2} on success, or - {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{o1\^{ }o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Or}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Returns the result or \code{o1} and \code{o2} on success, or {\NULL} on - failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{o1 or o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Coerce}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - This function takes the addresses of two variables of type - \code{PyObject*}. - - If the objects pointed to by \code{*p1} and \code{*p2} have the same type, - increment their reference count and return 0 (success). - If the objects can be converted to a common numeric type, - replace \code{*p1} and \code{*p2} by their converted value (with 'new' - reference counts), and return 0. - If no conversion is possible, or if some other error occurs, - return -1 (failure) and don't increment the reference counts. - The call \code{PyNumber_Coerce(\&o1, \&o2)} is equivalent to the Python - statement \code{o1, o2 = coerce(o1, o2)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Int}{PyObject *o} - Returns the \code{o} converted to an integer object on success, or - {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{int(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Long}{PyObject *o} - Returns the \code{o} converted to a long integer object on success, - or {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{long(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyNumber_Float}{PyObject *o} - Returns the \code{o} converted to a float object on success, or {\NULL} - on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{float(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - -\section{Sequence protocol} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PySequence_Check}{PyObject *o} - Return 1 if the object provides sequence protocol, and 0 - otherwise. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PySequence_Concat}{PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2} - Return the concatination of \code{o1} and \code{o2} on success, and {\NULL} on - failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{o1+o2}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PySequence_Repeat}{PyObject *o, int count} - Return the result of repeating sequence object \code{o} count times, - or {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression: \code{o*count}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PySequence_GetItem}{PyObject *o, int i} - Return the ith element of \code{o}, or {\NULL} on failure. This is the - equivalent of the Python expression: \code{o[i]}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PySequence_GetSlice}{PyObject *o, int i1, int i2} - Return the slice of sequence object \code{o} between \code{i1} and \code{i2}, or - {\NULL} on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - expression, \code{o[i1:i2]}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PySequence_SetItem}{PyObject *o, int i, PyObject *v} - Assign object \code{v} to the \code{i}th element of \code{o}. -Returns -1 on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - statement, \code{o[i]=v}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PySequence_DelItem}{PyObject *o, int i} - Delete the \code{i}th element of object \code{v}. Returns - -1 on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - statement: \code{del o[i]}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PySequence_SetSlice}{PyObject *o, int i1, int i2, PyObject *v} - Assign the sequence object \code{v} to the slice in sequence - object \code{o} from \code{i1} to \code{i2}. This is the equivalent of the Python - statement, \code{o[i1:i2]=v}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PySequence_DelSlice}{PyObject *o, int i1, int i2} - Delete the slice in sequence object, \code{o}, from \code{i1} to \code{i2}. - Returns -1 on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - statement: \code{del o[i1:i2]}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PySequence_Tuple}{PyObject *o} - Returns the \code{o} as a tuple on success, and {\NULL} on failure. - This is equivalent to the Python expression: \code{tuple(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PySequence_Count}{PyObject *o, PyObject *value} - Return the number of occurrences of \code{value} on \code{o}, that is, - return the number of keys for which \code{o[key]==value}. On - failure, return -1. This is equivalent to the Python - expression: \code{o.count(value)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PySequence_In}{PyObject *o, PyObject *value} - Determine if \code{o} contains \code{value}. If an item in \code{o} is equal to - \code{value}, return 1, otherwise return 0. On error, return -1. This - is equivalent to the Python expression: \code{value in o}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PySequence_Index}{PyObject *o, PyObject *value} - Return the first index for which \code{o[i]=value}. On error, - return -1. This is equivalent to the Python - expression: \code{o.index(value)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - -\section{Mapping protocol} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyMapping_Check}{PyObject *o} - Return 1 if the object provides mapping protocol, and 0 - otherwise. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyMapping_Length}{PyObject *o} - Returns the number of keys in object \code{o} on success, and -1 on - failure. For objects that do not provide sequence protocol, - this is equivalent to the Python expression: \code{len(o)}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyMapping_DelItemString}{PyObject *o, char *key} - Remove the mapping for object \code{key} from the object \code{o}. - Return -1 on failure. This is equivalent to - the Python statement: \code{del o[key]}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyMapping_DelItem}{PyObject *o, PyObject *key} - Remove the mapping for object \code{key} from the object \code{o}. - Return -1 on failure. This is equivalent to - the Python statement: \code{del o[key]}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyMapping_HasKeyString}{PyObject *o, char *key} - On success, return 1 if the mapping object has the key \code{key} - and 0 otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression: - \code{o.has_key(key)}. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyMapping_HasKey}{PyObject *o, PyObject *key} - Return 1 if the mapping object has the key \code{key} - and 0 otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression: - \code{o.has_key(key)}. - This function always succeeds. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMapping_Keys}{PyObject *o} - On success, return a list of the keys in object \code{o}. On - failure, return {\NULL}. This is equivalent to the Python - expression: \code{o.keys()}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMapping_Values}{PyObject *o} - On success, return a list of the values in object \code{o}. On - failure, return {\NULL}. This is equivalent to the Python - expression: \code{o.values()}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMapping_Items}{PyObject *o} - On success, return a list of the items in object \code{o}, where - each item is a tuple containing a key-value pair. On - failure, return {\NULL}. This is equivalent to the Python - expression: \code{o.items()}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyMapping_Clear}{PyObject *o} - Make object \code{o} empty. Returns 1 on success and 0 on failure. - This is equivalent to the Python statement: - \code{for key in o.keys(): del o[key]} - \end{cfuncdesc} - - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMapping_GetItemString}{PyObject *o, char *key} - Return element of \code{o} corresponding to the object \code{key} or {\NULL} - on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression: - \code{o[key]}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMapping_SetItemString}{PyObject *o, char *key, PyObject *v} - Map the object \code{key} to the value \code{v} in object \code{o}. Returns - -1 on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python - statement: \code{o[key]=v}. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - -\section{Constructors} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyFile_FromString}{char *file_name, char *mode} - On success, returns a new file object that is opened on the - file given by \code{file_name}, with a file mode given by \code{mode}, - where \code{mode} has the same semantics as the standard C routine, - fopen. On failure, return -1. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyFile_FromFile}{FILE *fp, char *file_name, char *mode, int close_on_del} - Return a new file object for an already opened standard C - file pointer, \code{fp}. A file name, \code{file_name}, and open mode, - \code{mode}, must be provided as well as a flag, \code{close_on_del}, that - indicates whether the file is to be closed when the file - object is destroyed. On failure, return -1. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyFloat_FromDouble}{double v} - Returns a new float object with the value \code{v} on success, and - {\NULL} on failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyInt_FromLong}{long v} - Returns a new int object with the value \code{v} on success, and - {\NULL} on failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyList_New}{int l} - Returns a new list of length \code{l} on success, and {\NULL} on - failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyLong_FromLong}{long v} - Returns a new long object with the value \code{v} on success, and - {\NULL} on failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyLong_FromDouble}{double v} - Returns a new long object with the value \code{v} on success, and - {\NULL} on failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyDict_New}{} - Returns a new empty dictionary on success, and {\NULL} on - failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyString_FromString}{char *v} - Returns a new string object with the value \code{v} on success, and - {\NULL} on failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyString_FromStringAndSize}{char *v, int l} - Returns a new string object with the value \code{v} and length \code{l} - on success, and {\NULL} on failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - - \begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyTuple_New}{int l} - Returns a new tuple of length \code{l} on success, and {\NULL} on - failure. - \end{cfuncdesc} - |