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Diffstat (limited to 'Doc/library/functions.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | Doc/library/functions.rst | 77 |
1 files changed, 47 insertions, 30 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/library/functions.rst b/Doc/library/functions.rst index 61e4932..c2b3b21 100644 --- a/Doc/library/functions.rst +++ b/Doc/library/functions.rst @@ -629,14 +629,19 @@ are always available. They are listed here in alphabetical order. to provide elaborate line editing and history features. -.. function:: int([number | string[, base]]) - - Convert a number or string to an integer. If no arguments are given, return - ``0``. If a number is given, return ``number.__int__()``. Conversion of - floating point numbers to integers truncates towards zero. A string must be - a base-radix integer literal optionally preceded by '+' or '-' (with no space - in between) and optionally surrounded by whitespace. A base-n literal - consists of the digits 0 to n-1, with 'a' to 'z' (or 'A' to 'Z') having +.. function:: int(x=0) + int(x, base=10) + + Convert a number or string *x* to an integer, or return ``0`` if no + arguments are given. If *x* is a number, return :meth:`x.__int__() + <object.__int__>`. For floating point numbers, this truncates towards zero. + + If *x* is not a number or if *base* is given, then *x* must be a string, + :class:`bytes`, or :class:`bytearray` instance representing an :ref:`integer + literal <integers>` in radix *base*. Optionally, the literal can be + preceded by ``+`` or ``-`` (with no space in between) and surrounded by + whitespace. A base-n literal consists of the digits 0 to n-1, with ``a`` + to ``z`` (or ``A`` to ``Z``) having values 10 to 35. The default *base* is 10. The allowed values are 0 and 2-36. Base-2, -8, and -16 literals can be optionally prefixed with ``0b``/``0B``, ``0o``/``0O``, or ``0x``/``0X``, as with integer literals in code. Base 0 @@ -725,11 +730,16 @@ are always available. They are listed here in alphabetical order. already arranged into argument tuples, see :func:`itertools.starmap`\. -.. function:: max(iterable[, args...], *[, key]) +.. function:: max(iterable, *[, key]) + max(arg1, arg2, *args[, key]) - With a single argument *iterable*, return the largest item of a non-empty - iterable (such as a string, tuple or list). With more than one argument, return - the largest of the arguments. + Return the largest item in an iterable or the largest of two or more + arguments. + + If one positional argument is provided, *iterable* must be a non-empty + iterable (such as a non-empty string, tuple or list). The largest item + in the iterable is returned. If two or more positional arguments are + provided, the largest of the positional arguments is returned. The optional keyword-only *key* argument specifies a one-argument ordering function like that used for :meth:`list.sort`. @@ -748,11 +758,16 @@ are always available. They are listed here in alphabetical order. :ref:`typememoryview` for more information. -.. function:: min(iterable[, args...], *[, key]) +.. function:: min(iterable, *[, key]) + min(arg1, arg2, *args[, key]) + + Return the smallest item in an iterable or the smallest of two or more + arguments. - With a single argument *iterable*, return the smallest item of a non-empty - iterable (such as a string, tuple or list). With more than one argument, return - the smallest of the arguments. + If one positional argument is provided, *iterable* must be a non-empty + iterable (such as a non-empty string, tuple or list). The smallest item + in the iterable is returned. If two or more positional arguments are + provided, the smallest of the positional arguments is returned. The optional keyword-only *key* argument specifies a one-argument ordering function like that used for :meth:`list.sort`. @@ -970,16 +985,16 @@ are always available. They are listed here in alphabetical order. must be of integer types, and *y* must be non-negative. -.. function:: print([object, ...], *, sep=' ', end='\\n', file=sys.stdout, flush=False) +.. function:: print(*objects, sep=' ', end='\\n', file=sys.stdout, flush=False) - Print *object*\(s) to the stream *file*, separated by *sep* and followed by + Print *objects* to the stream *file*, separated by *sep* and followed by *end*. *sep*, *end* and *file*, if present, must be given as keyword arguments. All non-keyword arguments are converted to strings like :func:`str` does and written to the stream, separated by *sep* and followed by *end*. Both *sep* and *end* must be strings; they can also be ``None``, which means to use the - default values. If no *object* is given, :func:`print` will just write + default values. If no *objects* are given, :func:`print` will just write *end*. The *file* argument must be an object with a ``write(string)`` method; if it @@ -1061,7 +1076,8 @@ are always available. They are listed here in alphabetical order. .. _func-range: -.. function:: range([start,] stop[, step]) +.. function:: range(stop) + range(start, stop[, step]) :noindex: Rather than being a function, :class:`range` is actually an immutable @@ -1087,18 +1103,18 @@ are always available. They are listed here in alphabetical order. arguments starting at ``0``). -.. function:: round(x[, n]) +.. function:: round(number[, ndigits]) - Return the floating point value *x* rounded to *n* digits after the decimal - point. If *n* is omitted, it defaults to zero. Delegates to - ``x.__round__(n)``. + Return the floating point value *number* rounded to *ndigits* digits after + the decimal point. If *ndigits* is omitted, it defaults to zero. Delegates + to ``number.__round__(ndigits)``. For the built-in types supporting :func:`round`, values are rounded to the - closest multiple of 10 to the power minus *n*; if two multiples are equally - close, rounding is done toward the even choice (so, for example, both - ``round(0.5)`` and ``round(-0.5)`` are ``0``, and ``round(1.5)`` is ``2``). - The return value is an integer if called with one argument, otherwise of the - same type as *x*. + closest multiple of 10 to the power minus *ndigits*; if two multiples are + equally close, rounding is done toward the even choice (so, for example, + both ``round(0.5)`` and ``round(-0.5)`` are ``0``, and ``round(1.5)`` is + ``2``). The return value is an integer if called with one argument, + otherwise of the same type as *number*. .. note:: @@ -1126,7 +1142,8 @@ are always available. They are listed here in alphabetical order. ``x.foobar = 123``. -.. function:: slice([start,] stop[, step]) +.. function:: slice(stop) + slice(start, stop[, step]) .. index:: single: Numerical Python |