summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/Doc/tut.tex
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'Doc/tut.tex')
-rw-r--r--Doc/tut.tex41
1 files changed, 39 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/tut.tex b/Doc/tut.tex
index 340be69..6a1bcd9 100644
--- a/Doc/tut.tex
+++ b/Doc/tut.tex
@@ -3035,9 +3035,10 @@ raise an exception. For example:
\section{New Class Features in Release 1.1}
-Two changes have been made to classes: the operator overloading
+Semoe changes have been made to classes: the operator overloading
mechanism is more flexible, providing more support for non-numeric use
-of operators, and it is possible to trap attribute accesses.
+of operators (including calling an object as if it were a function),
+and it is possible to trap attribute accesses.
\subsection{New Operator Overloading}
@@ -3127,4 +3128,40 @@ f = Wrapper(sys.stdout)
f.write('hello world\n') # prints 'hello world'
\end{verbatim}
+A simpler example of \code{__getattr__} is an attribute that is
+computed each time (or the first time) it it accessed. For instance:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+from math import pi
+
+class Circle:
+ def __init__(self, radius):
+ self.radius = radius
+ def __getattr__(self, name):
+ if name == 'circumference':
+ return 2 * pi * self.radius
+ if name == 'diameter':
+ return 2 * self.radius
+ if name == 'area':
+ return pi * pow(self.radius, 2)
+ raise AttributeError, name
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\subsection{Calling a Class Instance}
+
+If a class defines a method \code{__call__} it is possible to call its
+instances as if they were functions. For example:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+class PresetSomeArguments:
+ def __init__(self, func, *args):
+ self.func, self.args = func, args
+ def __call__(self, *args):
+ return apply(self.func, self.args + args)
+
+f = PresetSomeArguments(pow, 2) # f(i) computes powers of 2
+for i in range(10): print f(i), # prints 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512
+print # append newline
+\end{verbatim}
+
\end{document}