diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | Doc/library/io.rst | 43 |
1 files changed, 27 insertions, 16 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/library/io.rst b/Doc/library/io.rst index cd81cf9..53d6f27 100644 --- a/Doc/library/io.rst +++ b/Doc/library/io.rst @@ -66,7 +66,8 @@ The text stream API is described in detail in the documentation of Binary I/O ^^^^^^^^^^ -Binary I/O (also called *buffered I/O*) expects and produces :class:`bytes` +Binary I/O (also called *buffered I/O*) expects +:term:`bytes-like objects <bytes-like object>` and produces :class:`bytes` objects. No encoding, decoding, or newline translation is performed. This category of streams can be used for all kinds of non-text data, and also when manual control over the handling of text data is desired. @@ -227,9 +228,10 @@ I/O Base Classes when operations they do not support are called. The basic type used for binary data read from or written to a file is - :class:`bytes`. :class:`bytearray`\s are accepted too, and in some cases - (such as :meth:`readinto`) required. Text I/O classes work with - :class:`str` data. + :class:`bytes`. Other :term:`bytes-like objects <bytes-like object>` are + accepted as method arguments too. In some cases, such as + :meth:`~RawIOBase.readinto`, a writable object such as :class:`bytearray` + is required. Text I/O classes work with :class:`str` data. Note that calling any method (even inquiries) on a closed stream is undefined. Implementations may raise :exc:`ValueError` in this case. @@ -393,18 +395,22 @@ I/O Base Classes .. method:: readinto(b) - Read up to ``len(b)`` bytes into :class:`bytearray` *b* and return the + Read bytes into a pre-allocated, writable + :term:`bytes-like object` *b*, and return the number of bytes read. If the object is in non-blocking mode and no bytes are available, ``None`` is returned. .. method:: write(b) - Write the given :class:`bytes` or :class:`bytearray` object, *b*, to the - underlying raw stream and return the number of bytes written. This can - be less than ``len(b)``, depending on specifics of the underlying raw + Write the given :term:`bytes-like object`, *b*, to the + underlying raw stream, and return the number of + bytes written. This can be less than the length of *b* in + bytes, depending on specifics of the underlying raw stream, and especially if it is in non-blocking mode. ``None`` is returned if the raw stream is set not to block and no single byte could - be readily written to it. + be readily written to it. The caller may release or mutate *b* after + this method returns, so the implementation should only access *b* + during the method call. .. class:: BufferedIOBase @@ -476,8 +482,8 @@ I/O Base Classes .. method:: readinto(b) - Read up to ``len(b)`` bytes into bytearray *b* and return the number of - bytes read. + Read bytes into a pre-allocated, writable + :term:`bytes-like object` *b* and return the number of bytes read. Like :meth:`read`, multiple reads may be issued to the underlying raw stream, unless the latter is interactive. @@ -487,7 +493,8 @@ I/O Base Classes .. method:: readinto1(b) - Read up to ``len(b)`` bytes into bytearray *b*, using at most one call to + Read bytes into a pre-allocated, writable + :term:`bytes-like object` *b*, using at most one call to the underlying raw stream's :meth:`~RawIOBase.read` (or :meth:`~RawIOBase.readinto`) method. Return the number of bytes read. @@ -498,8 +505,8 @@ I/O Base Classes .. method:: write(b) - Write the given :class:`bytes` or :class:`bytearray` object, *b* and - return the number of bytes written (never less than ``len(b)``, since if + Write the given :term:`bytes-like object`, *b*, and return the number + of bytes written (always equal to the length of *b* in bytes, since if the write fails an :exc:`OSError` will be raised). Depending on the actual implementation, these bytes may be readily written to the underlying stream, or held in a buffer for performance and latency @@ -509,6 +516,9 @@ I/O Base Classes data needed to be written to the raw stream but it couldn't accept all the data without blocking. + The caller may release or mutate *b* after this method returns, + so the implementation should only access *b* during the method call. + Raw File I/O ^^^^^^^^^^^^ @@ -584,7 +594,8 @@ than raw I/O does. :class:`BufferedIOBase`. The buffer is discarded when the :meth:`~IOBase.close` method is called. - The argument *initial_bytes* contains optional initial :class:`bytes` data. + The optional argument *initial_bytes* is a :term:`bytes-like object` that + contains initial data. :class:`BytesIO` provides or overrides these methods in addition to those from :class:`BufferedIOBase` and :class:`IOBase`: @@ -682,7 +693,7 @@ than raw I/O does. .. method:: write(b) - Write the :class:`bytes` or :class:`bytearray` object, *b* and return the + Write the :term:`bytes-like object`, *b*, and return the number of bytes written. When in non-blocking mode, a :exc:`BlockingIOError` is raised if the buffer needs to be written out but the raw stream blocks. |