3 files changed, 3 insertions, 3 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/includes/email-dir.py b/Doc/includes/email-dir.py
index 0dcfbfb..2fc1570 100644
--- a/Doc/includes/email-dir.py
+++ b/Doc/includes/email-dir.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ must be running an SMTP server.
         directory = '.'
     # Create the message
     msg = EmailMessage()
-    msg['Subject'] = 'Contents of directory %s' % os.path.abspath(directory)
+    msg['Subject'] = f'Contents of directory {os.path.abspath(directory)}'
     msg['To'] = ', '.join(args.recipients)
     msg['From'] = args.sender
     msg.preamble = 'You will not see this in a MIME-aware mail reader.\n'
diff --git a/Doc/includes/email-simple.py b/Doc/includes/email-simple.py
index f69ef40..07dc30f 100644
--- a/Doc/includes/email-simple.py
+++ b/Doc/includes/email-simple.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ with open(textfile) as fp:
 
 # me == the sender's email address
 # you == the recipient's email address
-msg['Subject'] = 'The contents of %s' % textfile
+msg['Subject'] = f'The contents of {textfile}'
 msg['From'] = me
 msg['To'] = you
 
diff --git a/Doc/includes/email-unpack.py b/Doc/includes/email-unpack.py
index e0a7f01..c8cb0be 100644
--- a/Doc/includes/email-unpack.py
+++ b/Doc/includes/email-unpack.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Unpack a MIME message into a directory of files.
             if not ext:
                 # Use a generic bag-of-bits extension
                 ext = '.bin'
-            filename = 'part-%03d%s' % (counter, ext)
+            filename = f'part-{counter:03d}{ext}'
         counter += 1
         with open(os.path.join(args.directory, filename), 'wb') as fp:
             fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))