| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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* Fix typo in __repr__ code
* Add more tests for global int flag reprs
* use last module if multi-module string
- when an enum's `__module__` contains several module names, only
use the last one
Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
Co-authored-by: Ethan Furman <ethan@stoneleaf.us>
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* [Enum] reduce scope of new format behavior
Instead of treating all Enums the same for format(), only user mixed-in
enums will be affected. In other words, IntEnum and IntFlag will not be
changing the format() behavior, due to the requirement that they be
drop-in replacements of existing integer constants.
If a user creates their own integer-based enum, then the new behavior
will apply:
class Grades(int, Enum):
A = 5
B = 4
C = 3
D = 2
F = 0
Now: format(Grades.B) -> DeprecationWarning and '4'
3.12: -> no warning, and 'B'
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In an inheritance chain of
int -> my_int -> final_int
the data type is now final_int (not my_int)
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by-value lookups could fail on complex enums, necessitating a check for
__reduce__ and possibly sabotaging the final enum;
by-name lookups should never fail, and sabotaging is no longer necessary
for class-based enum creation.
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(GH-26649)
This enables, for example, two base Enums to both inherit from `str`, and then both be mixed into the same final Enum:
class Str1Enum(str, Enum):
# some behavior here
class Str2Enum(str, Enum):
# some more behavior here
class FinalStrEnum(Str1Enum, Str2Enum):
# this now works
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Move the check for missing named flags in flag aliases from Flag creation
to a new *verify* decorator.
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In 3.12 ``True`` or ``False`` will be returned for all containment checks,
with ``True`` being returned if the value is either a member of that enum
or one of its members' value.
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In 3.12 the enum member, not the member's value, will be used for
format() calls. Format specifiers can be used to retain the current
display of enum members:
Example enumeration:
class Color(IntEnum):
RED = 1
GREEN = 2
BLUE = 3
Current behavior:
f'{Color.RED}' --> '1'
Future behavior:
f'{Color.RED}' --> 'RED'
Using d specifier:
f'{Color.RED:d}' --> '1'
Using specifiers can be done now and is future-compatible.
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Depending on usage, it's possible for Flag members to have the _inverted_ attribute when they are testing, while the Flag being testing against will not have that attribute on its members -- so skip that comparison.
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add:
* `_simple_enum` decorator to transform a normal class into an enum
* `_test_simple_enum` function to compare
* `_old_convert_` to enable checking `_convert_` generated enums
`_simple_enum` takes a normal class and converts it into an enum:
@simple_enum(Enum)
class Color:
RED = 1
GREEN = 2
BLUE = 3
`_old_convert_` works much like` _convert_` does, using the original logic:
# in a test file
import socket, enum
CheckedAddressFamily = enum._old_convert_(
enum.IntEnum, 'AddressFamily', 'socket',
lambda C: C.isupper() and C.startswith('AF_'),
source=_socket,
)
`_test_simple_enum` takes a traditional enum and a simple enum and
compares the two:
# in the REPL or the same module as Color
class CheckedColor(Enum):
RED = 1
GREEN = 2
BLUE = 3
_test_simple_enum(CheckedColor, Color)
_test_simple_enum(CheckedAddressFamily, socket.AddressFamily)
Any important differences will raise a TypeError
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This reverts commit dbac8f40e81eb0a29dc833e6409a1abf47467da6.
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add:
_simple_enum decorator to transform a normal class into an enum
_test_simple_enum function to compare
_old_convert_ to enable checking _convert_ generated enums
_simple_enum takes a normal class and converts it into an enum:
@simple_enum(Enum)
class Color:
RED = 1
GREEN = 2
BLUE = 3
_old_convert_ works much like _convert_ does, using the original logic:
# in a test file
import socket, enum
CheckedAddressFamily = enum._old_convert_(
enum.IntEnum, 'AddressFamily', 'socket',
lambda C: C.isupper() and C.startswith('AF_'),
source=_socket,
)
test_simple_enum takes a traditional enum and a simple enum and
compares the two:
# in the REPL or the same module as Color
class CheckedColor(Enum):
RED = 1
GREEN = 2
BLUE = 3
_test_simple_enum(CheckedColor, Color)
_test_simple_enum(CheckedAddressFamily, socket.AddressFamily)
Any important differences will raise a TypeError
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``_is_private`` now returns ``False`` instead of raising an exception when enum name matches beginning of class name
as used in a private variable
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(GH-25350)
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* Enum: streamline repr() and str(); improve docs
- repr() is now ``enum_class.member_name``
- stdlib global enums are ``module_name.member_name``
- str() is now ``member_name``
- add HOW-TO section for ``Enum``
- change main documentation to be an API reference
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* update docs, renable doc tests
* make deprecation warning active for two releases
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In 3.5 (?) a speed optimization made it possible to access members as
attributes of other members, i.e. ``Color.RED.BLUE``. This was always
discouraged in the docs, and other recent optimizations has made that
one no longer necessary. Because some may be relying on it anyway, it
is being deprecated in 3.10, and will be removed in 3.11.
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Flag members are now divided by one-bit verses multi-bit, with multi-bit being treated as aliases. Iterating over a flag only returns the contained single-bit flags.
Iterating, repr(), and str() show members in definition order.
When constructing combined-member flags, any extra integer values are either discarded (CONFORM), turned into ints (EJECT) or treated as errors (STRICT). Flag classes can specify which of those three behaviors is desired:
>>> class Test(Flag, boundary=CONFORM):
... ONE = 1
... TWO = 2
...
>>> Test(5)
<Test.ONE: 1>
Besides the three above behaviors, there is also KEEP, which should not be used unless necessary -- for example, _convert_ specifies KEEP as there are flag sets in the stdlib that are incomplete and/or inconsistent (e.g. ssl.Options). KEEP will, as the name suggests, keep all bits; however, iterating over a flag with extra bits will only return the canonical flags contained, not the extra bits.
Iteration is now in member definition order. If member definition order
matches increasing value order, then a more efficient method of flag
decomposition is used; otherwise, sort() is called on the results of
that method to get definition order.
``re`` module:
repr() has been modified to support as closely as possible its previous
output; the big difference is that inverted flags cannot be output as
before because the inversion operation now always returns the comparable
positive result; i.e.
re.A|re.I|re.M|re.S is ~(re.L|re.U|re.S|re.T|re.DEBUG)
in both of the above terms, the ``value`` is 282.
re's tests have been updated to reflect the modifications to repr().
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`type.__new__` calls `__set_name__` and `__init_subclass__`, which means
that any work metaclasses do after calling `super().__new__()` will not
be available to those two methods. In particular, `Enum` classes that
want to make use of `__init_subclass__` will not see any members.
Almost all customization is therefore moved to before the
`type.__new__()` call, including changing all members to a proto member
descriptor with a `__set_name__` that will do the final conversion of a
member to be an instance of the `Enum` class.
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Solution to support calls to `__init_subclass__` with members defined is too brittle and breaks with certain mixins.
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for multiple inheritance support:
use super().new
pass **kwds to super().new
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This allows easier Enum construction in unusual cases, such as including dynamic member definitions into a class definition:
# created dynamically
foo_defines = {'FOO_CAT': 'aloof', 'BAR_DOG': 'friendly', 'FOO_HORSE': 'big'}
class Foo(Enum):
vars().update({
k: v
for k, v in foo_defines.items()
if k.startswith('FOO_')
})
def upper(self):
# example method
return self.value.upper()
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The default for auto() is to return an integer, which doesn't work for `StrEnum`. The new `_generate_next_value_` for `StrEnum` returns the member name, lower cased.
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private names, such as `_Color__hue` and `_Color__hue_` are now normal attributes, and do not become members nor raise exceptions
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When creating an Enum, type.__new__ calls __init_subclass__, but at that point the members have not been added.
This patch suppresses the initial call, then manually calls the ancestor __init_subclass__ before returning the new Enum class.
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use `str.__str__` for `StrEnum` so that `str(StrEnum.member)` is the same as directly accessing the string value of the `StrEnum` member
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`StrEnum` ensures that its members were already strings, or intended to
be strings.
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fix default `_missing_` to return `None` instead of raising a `ValueError`
Co-authored-by: Andrey Darascheka <andrei.daraschenka@leverx.com>
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fix bug that let Enums be extended via multiple inheritance
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EnumMeta double-checks that `__repr__`, `__str__`, `__format__`, and `__reduce_ex__` are not the same as `object`'s, and replaces them if they are -- even if that replacement was intentionally done in the Enum being constructed. This patch fixes that.
Automerge-Triggered-By: @ethanfurman
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require `_generate_next_value_` to be defined before members
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* Improve the performance of _decompose() in enum.py
Co-Authored-By: Brandt Bucher <brandtbucher@gmail.com>
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creating cycles (GH-17246)
Capturing exceptions into names can lead to reference cycles though the __traceback__ attribute of the exceptions in some obscure cases that have been reported previously and fixed individually. As these variables are not used anyway, we can remove the binding to reduce the chances of creating reference cycles.
See for example GH-13135
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(GH-14809)
* Use __qualname__ instead of __name__ in enum exception messages.
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__str__ (GH-14545)
* bpo-37479: on Enum subclasses with mixins, __format__ uses overridden __str__
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