From b853ea05411e6ab5423453e1d479aed461c11b58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Andrew M. Kuchling" Date: Sat, 3 Jun 2000 03:06:58 +0000 Subject: Latex formatting fixes --- Doc/whatsnew/whatsnew20.tex | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-) diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/whatsnew20.tex b/Doc/whatsnew/whatsnew20.tex index f68a3b8..1cdde64 100644 --- a/Doc/whatsnew/whatsnew20.tex +++ b/Doc/whatsnew/whatsnew20.tex @@ -32,24 +32,26 @@ instead of the 8-bit number used by ASCII, meaning that 65,536 distinct characters can be supported. The final interface for Unicode support was arrived at through -countless often-stormy discussions on the python-dev mailing list. A -detailed explanation of the interface is in \file{Misc/unicode.txt} in -the Python source distribution; this file is also available on the Web -at \url{http://starship.python.net/crew/lemburg/unicode-proposal.txt}. +countless often-stormy discussions on the python-dev mailing list, and +mostly implemented by Marc-Andr\'e Lemburg. A detailed explanation of +the interface is in the file +\file{Misc/unicode.txt} in the Python source distribution; it's also +available on the Web at +\url{http://starship.python.net/crew/lemburg/unicode-proposal.txt}. This article will simply cover the most significant points from the full interface. In Python source code, Unicode strings are written as \code{u"string"}. Arbitrary Unicode characters can be written using a -new escape sequence, \code{\\u\var{HHHH}}, where \var{HHHH} is a +new escape sequence, \code{\e u\var{HHHH}}, where \var{HHHH} is a 4-digit hexadecimal number from 0000 to FFFF. The existing -\code{\\x\var{HHHH}} escape sequence can also be used, and octal +\code{\e x\var{HHHH}} escape sequence can also be used, and octal escapes can be used for characters up to U+01FF, which is represented -by \code{\\777}. +by \code{\e 777}. Unicode strings, just like regular strings, are an immutable sequence type, so they can be indexed and sliced. They also have an -\method{encode( \optional{encoding} )} method that returns an 8-bit +\method{encode( \optional{\var{encoding}} )} method that returns an 8-bit string in the desired encoding. Encodings are named by strings, such as \code{'ascii'}, \code{'utf-8'}, \code{'iso-8859-1'}, or whatever. A codec API is defined for implementing and registering new encodings @@ -70,11 +72,9 @@ long, containing the character \var{ch}. \item \code{ord(\var{u})}, where \var{u} is a 1-character regular or Unicode string, returns the number of the character as an integer. -\item \code{unicode(\var{string}, \optional{encoding = '\var{encoding -string}', } \optional{errors = 'strict' \textit{or} 'ignore' -\textit{or} 'replace'} ) } creates a Unicode string from an 8-bit +\item \code{unicode(\var{string}, \optional{\var{encoding},} +\optional{\var{errors}} ) } creates a Unicode string from an 8-bit string. \code{encoding} is a string naming the encoding to use. - The \code{errors} parameter specifies the treatment of characters that are invalid for the current encoding; passing \code{'strict'} as the value causes an exception to be raised on any encoding error, while @@ -88,15 +88,15 @@ A new module, \module{unicodedata}, provides an interface to Unicode character properties. For example, \code{unicodedata.category(u'A')} returns the 2-character string 'Lu', the 'L' denoting it's a letter, and 'u' meaning that it's uppercase. -\code{u.bidirectional(u'\x0660')} returns 'AN', meaning that U+0660 is +\code{u.bidirectional(u'\e x0660')} returns 'AN', meaning that U+0660 is an Arabic number. -The \module{codecs} module contains coders and decoders for various -encodings, along with functions to register new encodings and look up -existing ones. Unless you want to implement a new encoding, you'll -most often use the \function{codecs.lookup(\var{encoding})} function, -which returns a 4-element tuple: \code{(\var{encode_func}, -\var{decode_func}, \var{stream_reader}, \var{stream_writer}. +The \module{codecs} module contains functions to look up existing encodings +and register new ones. Unless you want to implement a +new encoding, you'll most often use the +\function{codecs.lookup(\var{encoding})} function, which returns a +4-element tuple: \code{(\var{encode_func}, +\var{decode_func}, \var{stream_reader}, \var{stream_writer})}. \begin{itemize} \item \var{encode_func} is a function that takes a Unicode string, and @@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ installation instructions The SIG for distribution utilities, shepherded by Greg Ward, has created the Distutils, a system to make package installation much -easier. They form the \package{distutils} package, a new part of +easier. They form the \module{distutils} package, a new part of Python's standard library. In the best case, installing a Python module from source will require the same steps: first you simply mean unpack the tarball or zip archive, and the run ``\code{python setup.py @@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ handy conveniences. A change to syntax makes it more convenient to call a given function with a tuple of arguments and/or a dictionary of keyword arguments. -In Python 1.5 and earlier, you do this with the \builtin{apply()} +In Python 1.5 and earlier, you do this with the \function{apply()} built-in function: \code{apply(f, \var{args}, \var{kw})} calls the function \function{f()} with the argument tuple \var{args} and the keyword arguments in the dictionary \var{kw}. Thanks to a patch from @@ -380,29 +380,29 @@ def f(*args, **kw): ... \end{verbatim} -A new format style is available when using the \operator{\%} operator. +A new format style is available when using the \code{\%} operator. '\%r' will insert the \function{repr()} of its argument. This was also added from symmetry considerations, this time for symmetry with the existing '\%s' format style, which inserts the \function{str()} of -its argument. For example, \code{'%r %s' % ('abc', 'abc')} returns a +its argument. For example, \code{'\%r \%s' \% ('abc', 'abc')} returns a string containing \verb|'abc' abc|. -The \builtin{int()} and \builtin{long()} functions now accept an +The \function{int()} and \function{long()} functions now accept an optional ``base'' parameter when the first argument is a string. \code{int('123', 10)} returns 123, while \code{int('123', 16)} returns 291. \code{int(123, 16)} raises a \exception{TypeError} exception with the message ``can't convert non-string with explicit base''. Previously there was no way to implement a class that overrode -Python's built-in \operator{in} operator and implemented a custom +Python's built-in \keyword{in} operator and implemented a custom version. \code{\var{obj} in \var{seq}} returns true if \var{obj} is present in the sequence \var{seq}; Python computes this by simply trying every index of the sequence until either \var{obj} is found or an \exception{IndexError} is encountered. Moshe Zadka contributed a patch which adds a \method{__contains__} magic method for providing a -custom implementation for \operator{in}. Additionally, new built-in objects -can define what \operator{in} means for them via a new slot in the sequence -protocol. +custom implementation for \keyword{in}. Additionally, new built-in +objects written in C can define what \keyword{in} means for them via a +new slot in the sequence protocol. Earlier versions of Python used a recursive algorithm for deleting objects. Deeply nested data structures could cause the interpreter to @@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ This means you no longer have to remember to write code such as \code{if type(obj) == myExtensionClass}, but can use the more natural \code{if isinstance(obj, myExtensionClass)}. -The \file{Python/importdl.c} file, which was a mass of #ifdefs to +The \file{Python/importdl.c} file, which was a mass of \#ifdefs to support dynamic loading on many different platforms, was cleaned up are reorganized by Greg Stein. \file{importdl.c} is now quite small, and platform-specific code has been moved into a bunch of @@ -533,16 +533,12 @@ XXX re - changed to be a frontend to sre \section{New modules} winreg - Windows registry interface. -Distutils - tools for distributing Python modules PyExpat - interface to Expat XML parser robotparser - parse a robots.txt file (for writing web spiders) linuxaudio - audio for Linux mmap - treat a file as a memory buffer filecmp - supersedes the old cmp.py and dircmp.py modules tabnanny - check Python sources for tab-width dependance -sre - regular expressions (fast, supports unicode) -unicode - support for unicode -codecs - support for Unicode encoders/decoders % ====================================================================== \section{IDLE Improvements} -- cgit v0.12