"""Interfaces for launching and remotely controlling Web browsers."""
import os
import sys
__all__ = ["Error", "open", "get", "register"]
class Error(Exception):
pass
_browsers = {} # Dictionary of available browser controllers
_tryorder = [] # Preference order of available browsers
def register(name, klass, instance=None):
"""Register a browser connector and, optionally, connection."""
_browsers[name.lower()] = [klass, instance]
def get(using=None):
"""Return a browser launcher instance appropriate for the environment."""
if using is not None:
alternatives = [using]
else:
alternatives = _tryorder
for browser in alternatives:
if '%s' in browser:
# User gave us a command line, don't mess with it.
return GenericBrowser(browser)
else:
# User gave us a browser name.
try:
command = _browsers[browser.lower()]
except KeyError:
command = _synthesize(browser)
if command[1] is None:
return command[0]()
else:
return command[1]
raise Error("could not locate runnable browser")
# Please note: the following definition hides a builtin function.
def open(url, new=0, autoraise=1):
get().open(url, new, autoraise)
def open_new(url):
get().open(url, 1)
def _synthesize(browser):
"""Attempt to synthesize a controller base on existing controllers.
This is useful to create a controller when a user specifies a path to
an entry in the BROWSER environment variable -- we can copy a general
controller to operate using a specific installation of the desired
browser in this way.
If we can't create a controller in this way, or if there is no
executable for the requested browser, return [None, None].
"""
if not os.path.exists(browser):
return [None, None]
name = os.path.basename(browser)
try:
command = _browsers[name.lower()]
except KeyError:
return [None, None]
# now attempt to clone to fit the new name:
controller = command[1]
if controller and name.lower() == controller.basename:
import copy
controller = copy.copy(controller)
controller.name = browser
controller.basename = os.path.basename(browser)
register(browser, None, controller)
return [None, controller]
return [None, None]
def _iscommand(cmd):
"""Return True if cmd can be found on the executable search path."""
path = os.environ.get("PATH")
if not path:
return False
for d in path.split(os.pathsep):
exe = os.path.join(d, cmd)
if os.path.isfile(exe):
return True
return False
PROCESS_CREATION_DELAY = 4
class GenericBrowser:
def __init__(self, cmd):
self.name, self.args = cmd.split(None, 1)
self.basename = os.path.basename(self.name)
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
assert "'" not in url
command = "%s %s" % (self.name, self.args)
os.system(command % url)
def open_new(self, url):
self.open(url)
class Netscape:
"Launcher class for Netscape browsers."
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.basename = os.path.basename(name)
def _remote(self, action, autoraise):
raise_opt = ("-noraise", "-raise")[autoraise]
cmd = "%s %s -remote '%s' >/dev/null 2>&1" % (self.name,
raise_opt,
action)
rc = os.system(cmd)
if rc:
import time
os.system("%s &" % self.name)
time.sleep(PROCESS_CREATION_DELAY)
rc = os.system(cmd)
return not rc
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
if new:
self._remote("openURL(%s, new-window)"%url, autoraise)
else:
self._remote("openURL(%s)" % url, autoraise)
def open_new(self, url):
self.open(url, 1)
class Galeon:
"""Launcher class for Galeon browsers."""
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.basename = os.path.basename(name)
def _remote(self, action, autoraise):
raise_opt = ("--noraise", "")[autoraise]
cmd = "%s %s %s >/dev/null 2>&1" % (self.name, raise_opt, action)
rc = os.system(cmd)
if rc:
import time
os.system("%s >/dev/null 2>&1 &" % self.name)
time.sleep(PROCESS_CREATION_DELAY)
rc = os.system(cmd)
return not rc
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
if new:
self._remote("-w '%s'" % url, autoraise)
else:
self._remote("-n '%s'" % url, autoraise)
def open_new(self, url):
self.open(url, 1)
class Konqueror:
"""Controller for the KDE File Manager (kfm, or Konqueror).
See http://developer.kde.org/documentation/other/kfmclient.html
for more information on the Konqueror remote-control interface.
"""
def __init__(self):
if _iscommand("konqueror"):
self.name = self.basename = "konqueror"
else:
self.name = self.basename = "kfm"
def _remote(self, action):
cmd = "kfmclient %s >/dev/null 2>&1" % action
rc = os.system(cmd)
if rc:
import time
if self.basename == "konqueror":
os.system(self.name + " --silent &")
else:
os.system(self.name + " -d &")
time.sleep(PROCESS_CREATION_DELAY)
rc = os.system(cmd)
return not rc
def open(self, url, new=1, autoraise=1):
# XXX Currently I know no way to prevent KFM from
# opening a new win.
assert "'" not in url
self._remote("openURL '%s'" % url)
open_new = open
class Grail:
# There should be a way to maintain a connection to Grail, but the
# Grail remote control protocol doesn't really allow that at this
# point. It probably neverwill!
def _find_grail_rc(self):
import glob
import pwd
import socket
import tempfile
tempdir = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(),
".grail-unix")
user = pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[0]
filename = os.path.join(tempdir, user + "-*")
maybes = glob.glob(filename)
if not maybes:
return None
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
for fn in maybes:
# need to PING each one until we find one that's live
try:
s.connect(fn)
except socket.error:
# no good; attempt to clean it out, but don't fail:
try:
os.unlink(fn)
except IOError:
pass
else:
return s
def _remote(self, action):
s = self._find_grail_rc()
if not s:
return 0
s.send(action)
s.close()
return 1
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
if new:
self._remote("LOADNEW " + url)
else:
self._remote("LOAD " + url)
def open_new(self, url):
self.open(url, 1)
class WindowsDefault:
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
os.startfile(url)
def open_new(self, url):
self.open(url)
#
# Platform support for Unix
#
# This is the right test because all these Unix browsers require either
# a console terminal of an X display to run. Note that we cannot split
# the TERM and DISPLAY cases, because we might be running Python from inside
# an xterm.
if os.environ.get("TERM") or os.environ.get("DISPLAY"):
_tryorder = ["links", "lynx", "w3m"]
# Easy cases first -- register console browsers if we have them.
if os.environ.get("TERM"):
# The Links browser
if _iscommand("links"):
register("links", None, GenericBrowser("links '%s'"))
# The Lynx browser
if _iscommand("lynx"):
register("lynx", None, GenericBrowser("lynx '%s'"))
# The w3m browser
if _iscommand("w3m"):
register("w3m", None, GenericBrowser("w3m '%s'"))
# X browsers have more in the way of options
if os.environ.get("DISPLAY"):
_tryorder = ["galeon", "skipstone",
"mozilla-firefox", "mozilla-firebird", "mozilla", "netscape",
"kfm", "grail"] + _tryorder
# First, the Netscape series
for browser in ("mozilla-firefox", "mozilla-firebird",
"mozilla", "netscape"):
if _iscommand(browser):
register(browser, None, Netscape(browser))
# Next, Mosaic -- old but still in use.
if _iscommand("mosaic"):
register("mosaic", None, GenericBrowser(
"mosaic '%s' >/dev/null &"))
# Gnome's Galeon
if _iscommand("galeon"):
register("galeon", None, Galeon("galeon"))
# Skipstone, another Gtk/Mozilla based browser
if _iscommand("skipstone"):
register("skipstone", None, GenericBrowser(
"skipstone '%s' >/dev/null &"))
# Konqueror/kfm, the KDE browser.
if _iscommand("kfm") or _iscommand("konqueror"):
register("kfm", Konqueror, Konqueror())
# Grail, the Python browser.
if _iscommand("grail"):
register("grail", Grail, None)
class InternetConfig:
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
ic.launchurl(url)
def open_new(self, url):
self.open(url)
#
# Platform support for Windows
#
if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
_tryorder = ["netscape", "windows-default"]
register("windows-default", WindowsDefault)
#
# Platform support for MacOS
#
try:
import ic
except ImportError:
pass
else:
# internet-config is the only supported controller on MacOS,
# so don't mess with the default!
_tryorder = ["internet-config"]
register("internet-config", InternetConfig)
#
# Platform support for OS/2
#
if sys.platform[:3] == "os2" and _iscommand("netscape.exe"):
_tryorder = ["os2netscape"]
register("os2netscape", None,
GenericBrowser("start netscape.exe %s"))
# OK, now that we know what the default preference orders for each
# platform are, allow user to override them with the BROWSER variable.
#
if "BROWSER" in os.environ:
# It's the user's responsibility to register handlers for any unknown
# browser referenced by this value, before calling open().
_tryorder = os.environ["BROWSER"].split(os.pathsep)
for cmd in _tryorder:
if not cmd.lower() in _browsers:
if _iscommand(cmd.lower()):
register(cmd.lower(), None, GenericBrowser(
"%s '%%s'" % cmd.lower()))
cmd = None # to make del work if _tryorder was empty
del cmd
_tryorder = filter(lambda x: x.lower() in _browsers
or x.find("%s") > -1, _tryorder)
# what to do if _tryorder is now empty?
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#!/bin/env python
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 1997-2001 by Total Control Software
# All Rights Reserved
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Module Name: dbShelve.py
#
# Description: A reimplementation of the standard shelve.py that
# forces the use of cPickle, and DB.
#
# Creation Date: 11/3/97 3:39:04PM
#
# License: This is free software. You may use this software for any
# purpose including modification/redistribution, so long as
# this header remains intact and that you do not claim any
# rights of ownership or authorship of this software. This
# software has been tested, but no warranty is expressed or
# implied.
#
# 13-Dec-2000: Updated to be used with the new bsddb3 package.
# Added DBShelfCursor class.
#
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""Manage shelves of pickled objects using bsddb database files for the
storage.
"""
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
import cPickle
import db
import sys
#At version 2.3 cPickle switched to using protocol instead of bin and
#DictMixin was added
if sys.version_info[:3] >= (2, 3, 0):
HIGHEST_PROTOCOL = cPickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL
def _dumps(object, protocol):
return cPickle.dumps(object, protocol=protocol)
from UserDict import DictMixin
else:
HIGHEST_PROTOCOL = None
def _dumps(object, protocol):
return cPickle.dumps(object, bin=protocol)
class DictMixin: pass
#------------------------------------------------------------------------
def open(filename, flags=db.DB_CREATE, mode=0660, filetype=db.DB_HASH,
dbenv=None, dbname=None):
"""
A simple factory function for compatibility with the standard
shleve.py module. It can be used like this, where key is a string
and data is a pickleable object:
from bsddb import dbshelve
db = dbshelve.open(filename)
db[key] = data
db.close()
"""
if type(flags) == type(''):
sflag = flags
if sflag == 'r':
flags = db.DB_RDONLY
elif sflag == 'rw':
flags = 0
elif sflag == 'w':
flags = db.DB_CREATE
elif sflag == 'c':
flags = db.DB_CREATE
elif sflag == 'n':
flags = db.DB_TRUNCATE | db.DB_CREATE
else:
raise db.DBError, "flags should be one of 'r', 'w', 'c' or 'n' or use the bsddb.db.DB_* flags"
d = DBShelf(dbenv)
d.open(filename, dbname, filetype, flags, mode)
return d
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
class DBShelveError(db.DBError): pass
class DBShelf(DictMixin):
"""A shelf to hold pickled objects, built upon a bsddb DB object. It
automatically pickles/unpickles data objects going to/from the DB.
"""
def __init__(self, dbenv=None):
self.db = db.DB(dbenv)
self._closed = True
if HIGHEST_PROTOCOL:
self.protocol = HIGHEST_PROTOCOL
else:
self.protocol = 1
def __del__(self):
self.close()
def __getattr__(self, name):
"""Many methods we can just pass through to the DB object.
(See below)
"""
return getattr(self.db, name)
#-----------------------------------
# Dictionary access methods
def __len__(self):
return len(self.db)
def __getitem__(self, key):
data = self.db[key]
return cPickle.loads(data)
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
data = _dumps(value, self.protocol)
self.db[key] = data
def __delitem__(self, key):
del self.db[key]
def keys(self, txn=None):
if txn != None:
return self.db.keys(txn)
else:
return self.db.keys()
def open(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.db.open(*args, **kwargs)
self._closed = False
def close(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.db.close(*args, **kwargs)
self._closed = True
def __repr__(self):
if self._closed:
return '<DBShelf @ 0x%x - closed>' % (id(self))
else:
return repr(dict(self.iteritems()))
def items(self, txn=None):
if txn != None:
items = self.db.items(txn)
else:
items = self.db.items()
newitems = []
for k, v in items:
newitems.append( (k, cPickle.loads(v)) )
return newitems
def values(self, txn=None):
if txn != None:
values = self.db.values(txn)
else:
values = self.db.values()
return map(cPickle.loads, values)
#-----------------------------------
# Other methods
def __append(self, value, txn=None):
data = _dumps(value, self.protocol)
return self.db.append(data, txn)
def append(self, value, txn=None):
if self.get_type() == db.DB_RECNO:
return self.__append(value, txn=txn)
raise DBShelveError, "append() only supported when dbshelve opened with filetype=dbshelve.db.DB_RECNO"
def associate(self, secondaryDB, callback, flags=0):
def _shelf_callback(priKey, priData, realCallback=callback):
data = cPickle.loads(priData)
return realCallback(priKey, data)
return self.db.associate(secondaryDB, _shelf_callback, flags)
#def get(self, key, default=None, txn=None, flags=0):
def get(self, *args, **kw):
# We do it with *args and **kw so if the default value wasn't
# given nothing is passed to the extension module. That way
# an exception can be raised if set_get_returns_none is turned
# off.
data = apply(self.db.get, args, kw)
try:
return cPickle.loads(data)
except (TypeError, cPickle.UnpicklingError):
return data # we may be getting the default value, or None,
# so it doesn't need unpickled.
def get_both(self, key, value, txn=None, flags=0):
data = _dumps(value, self.protocol)
data = self.db.get(key, data, txn, flags)
return cPickle.loads(data)
def cursor(self, txn=None, flags=0):
c = DBShelfCursor(self.db.cursor(txn, flags))
c.protocol = self.protocol
return c
def put(self, key, value, txn=None, flags=0):
data = _dumps(value, self.protocol)
return self.db.put(key, data, txn, flags)
def join(self, cursorList, flags=0):
raise NotImplementedError
#----------------------------------------------
# Methods allowed to pass-through to self.db
#
# close, delete, fd, get_byteswapped, get_type, has_key,
# key_range, open, remove, rename, stat, sync,
# upgrade, verify, and all set_* methods.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
class DBShelfCursor:
"""
"""
def __init__(self, cursor):
self.dbc = cursor
def __del__(self):
self.close()
def __getattr__(self, name):
"""Some methods we can just pass through to the cursor object. (See below)"""
return getattr(self.dbc, name)
#----------------------------------------------
def dup(self, flags=0):
c = DBShelfCursor(self.dbc.dup(flags))
c.protocol = self.protocol
return c
def put(self, key, value, flags=0):
data = _dumps(value, self.protocol)
return self.dbc.put(key, data, flags)
def get(self, *args):
count = len(args) # a method overloading hack
method = getattr(self, 'get_%d' % count)
apply(method, args)
def get_1(self, flags):
rec = self.dbc.get(flags)
return self._extract(rec)
def get_2(self, key, flags):
rec = self.dbc.get(key, flags)
return self._extract(rec)
def get_3(self, key, value, flags):
data = _dumps(value, self.protocol)
rec = self.dbc.get(key, flags)
return self._extract(rec)
def current(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_CURRENT)
def first(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_FIRST)
def last(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_LAST)
def next(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_NEXT)
def prev(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_PREV)
def consume(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_CONSUME)
def next_dup(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_NEXT_DUP)
def next_nodup(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_NEXT_NODUP)
def prev_nodup(self, flags=0): return self.get_1(flags|db.DB_PREV_NODUP)
def get_both(self, key, value, flags=0):
data = _dumps(value, self.protocol)
rec = self.dbc.get_both(key, flags)
return self._extract(rec)
def set(self, key, flags=0):
rec = self.dbc.set(key, flags)
return self._extract(rec)
def set_range(self, key, flags=0):
rec = self.dbc.set_range(key, flags)
return self._extract(rec)
def set_recno(self, recno, flags=0):
rec = self.dbc.set_recno(recno, flags)
return self._extract(rec)
set_both = get_both
def _extract(self, rec):
if rec is None:
return None
else:
key, data = rec
return key, cPickle.loads(data)
#----------------------------------------------
# Methods allowed to pass-through to self.dbc
#
# close, count, delete, get_recno, join_item
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|