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# Copyright 2007 Google, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement.
"""Abstract Base Classes (ABCs) according to PEP 3119."""
def abstractmethod(funcobj):
"""A decorator indicating abstract methods.
Requires that the metaclass is ABCMeta or derived from it. A
class that has a metaclass derived from ABCMeta cannot be
instantiated unless all of its abstract methods are overridden.
The abstract methods can be called using any of the normal
'super' call mechanisms.
Usage:
class C:
__metaclass__ = ABCMeta
@abstractmethod
def my_abstract_method(self, ...):
...
"""
funcobj.__isabstractmethod__ = True
return funcobj
class abstractproperty(property):
"""A decorator indicating abstract properties.
Requires that the metaclass is ABCMeta or derived from it. A
class that has a metaclass derived from ABCMeta cannot be
instantiated unless all of its abstract properties are overridden.
The abstract properties can be called using any of the normal
'super' call mechanisms.
Usage:
class C:
__metaclass__ = ABCMeta
@abstractproperty
def my_abstract_property(self):
...
This defines a read-only property; you can also define a read-write
abstract property using the 'long' form of property declaration:
class C:
__metaclass__ = ABCMeta
def getx(self): ...
def setx(self, value): ...
x = abstractproperty(getx, setx)
"""
__isabstractmethod__ = True
class ABCMeta(type):
"""Metaclass for defining Abstract Base Classes (ABCs).
Use this metaclass to create an ABC. An ABC can be subclassed
directly, and then acts as a mix-in class. You can also register
unrelated concrete classes (even built-in classes) and unrelated
ABCs as 'virtual subclasses' -- these and their descendants will
be considered subclasses of the registering ABC by the built-in
issubclass() function, but the registering ABC won't show up in
their MRO (Method Resolution Order) nor will method
implementations defined by the registering ABC be callable (not
even via super()).
"""
# A global counter that is incremented each time a class is
# registered as a virtual subclass of anything. It forces the
# negative cache to be cleared before its next use.
_abc_invalidation_counter = 0
def __new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace):
cls = super(ABCMeta, mcls).__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace)
# Compute set of abstract method names
abstracts = set(name
for name, value in namespace.items()
if getattr(value, "__isabstractmethod__", False))
for base in bases:
for name in getattr(base, "__abstractmethods__", set()):
value = getattr(cls, name, None)
if getattr(value, "__isabstractmethod__", False):
abstracts.add(name)
cls.__abstractmethods__ = frozenset(abstracts)
# Set up inheritance registry
cls._abc_registry = set()
cls._abc_cache = set()
cls._abc_negative_cache = set()
cls._abc_negative_cache_version = ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter
return cls
def register(cls, subclass):
"""Register a virtual subclass of an ABC."""
if not isinstance(cls, type):
raise TypeError("Can only register classes")
if issubclass(subclass, cls):
return # Already a subclass
# Subtle: test for cycles *after* testing for "already a subclass";
# this means we allow X.register(X) and interpret it as a no-op.
if issubclass(cls, subclass):
# This would create a cycle, which is bad for the algorithm below
raise RuntimeError("Refusing to create an inheritance cycle")
cls._abc_registry.add(subclass)
ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter += 1 # Invalidate negative cache
def _dump_registry(cls, file=None):
"""Debug helper to print the ABC registry."""
print >> file, "Class: %s.%s" % (cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
print >> file, "Inv.counter: %s" % ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter
for name in sorted(cls.__dict__.keys()):
if name.startswith("_abc_"):
value = getattr(cls, name)
print >> file, "%s: %r" % (name, value)
def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
"""Override for isinstance(instance, cls)."""
# Inline the cache checking when it's simple.
subclass = getattr(instance, '__class__', None)
if subclass in cls._abc_cache:
return True
subtype = type(instance)
if subtype is subclass or subclass is None:
if (cls._abc_negative_cache_version ==
ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter and
subtype in cls._abc_negative_cache):
return False
# Fall back to the subclass check.
return cls.__subclasscheck__(subtype)
return (cls.__subclasscheck__(subclass) or
cls.__subclasscheck__(subtype))
def __subclasscheck__(cls, subclass):
"""Override for issubclass(subclass, cls)."""
# Check cache
if subclass in cls._abc_cache:
return True
# Check negative cache; may have to invalidate
if cls._abc_negative_cache_version < ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter:
# Invalidate the negative cache
cls._abc_negative_cache = set()
cls._abc_negative_cache_version = ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter
elif subclass in cls._abc_negative_cache:
return False
# Check the subclass hook
ok = cls.__subclasshook__(subclass)
if ok is not NotImplemented:
assert isinstance(ok, bool)
if ok:
cls._abc_cache.add(subclass)
else:
cls._abc_negative_cache.add(subclass)
return ok
# Check if it's a direct subclass
if cls in getattr(subclass, '__mro__', ()):
cls._abc_cache.add(subclass)
return True
# Check if it's a subclass of a registered class (recursive)
for rcls in cls._abc_registry:
if issubclass(subclass, rcls):
cls._abc_cache.add(subclass)
return True
# Check if it's a subclass of a subclass (recursive)
for scls in cls.__subclasses__():
if issubclass(subclass, scls):
cls._abc_cache.add(subclass)
return True
# No dice; update negative cache
cls._abc_negative_cache.add(subclass)
return False
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