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"""Temporary files and filenames."""
# XXX This tries to be not UNIX specific, but I don't know beans about
# how to choose a temp directory or filename on MS-DOS or other
# systems so it may have to be changed...
import os
# Parameters that the caller may set to override the defaults
tempdir = None
template = None
def gettempdir():
"""Function to calculate the directory to use."""
global tempdir
if tempdir is not None:
return tempdir
try:
pwd = os.getcwd()
except (AttributeError, os.error):
pwd = os.curdir
attempdirs = ['/var/tmp', '/usr/tmp', '/tmp', pwd]
if os.name == 'nt':
attempdirs.insert(0, 'C:\\TEMP')
attempdirs.insert(0, '\\TEMP')
elif os.name == 'mac':
import macfs, MACFS
try:
refnum, dirid = macfs.FindFolder(MACFS.kOnSystemDisk,
MACFS.kTemporaryFolderType, 1)
dirname = macfs.FSSpec((refnum, dirid, '')).as_pathname()
attempdirs.insert(0, dirname)
except macfs.error:
pass
for envname in 'TMPDIR', 'TEMP', 'TMP':
if os.environ.has_key(envname):
attempdirs.insert(0, os.environ[envname])
testfile = gettempprefix() + 'test'
for dir in attempdirs:
try:
filename = os.path.join(dir, testfile)
if os.name == 'posix':
try:
fd = os.open(filename, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREAT|os.O_EXCL, 0700)
except OSError:
pass
else:
fp = os.fdopen(fd, 'w')
fp.write('blat')
fp.close()
os.unlink(filename)
del fp, fd
tempdir = dir
break
else:
fp = open(filename, 'w')
fp.write('blat')
fp.close()
os.unlink(filename)
tempdir = dir
break
except IOError:
pass
if tempdir is None:
msg = "Can't find a usable temporary directory amongst " + `attempdirs`
raise IOError, msg
return tempdir
# template caches the result of gettempprefix, for speed, when possible.
# XXX unclear why this isn't "_template"; left it "template" for backward
# compatibility.
if os.name == "posix":
# We don't try to cache the template on posix: the pid may change on us
# between calls due to a fork, and on Linux the pid changes even for
# another thread in the same process. Since any attempt to keep the
# cache in synch would have to call os.getpid() anyway in order to make
# sure the pid hasn't changed between calls, a cache wouldn't save any
# time. In addition, a cache is difficult to keep correct with the pid
# changing willy-nilly, and earlier attempts proved buggy (races).
template = None
# Else the pid never changes, so gettempprefix always returns the same
# string.
elif os.name == "nt":
template = '~' + `os.getpid()` + '-'
elif os.name == 'mac':
template = 'Python-Tmp-'
else:
template = 'tmp' # XXX might choose a better one
_pidcache = {}
def gettempprefix():
"""Function to calculate a prefix of the filename to use.
This incorporates the current process id on systems that support such a
notion, so that concurrent processes don't generate the same prefix.
"""
if template is None:
p = os.getpid()
t = _pidcache.get(p, 0)
if t:
return t
if len(_pidcache) > 100: # stop unbounded growth
_pidcache.clear()
t = _pidcache[p] = '@' + `p` + '.'
return t
else:
return template
def mktemp(suffix=""):
"""User-callable function to return a unique temporary file name."""
dir = gettempdir()
pre = gettempprefix()
while 1:
i = _counter.get_next()
file = os.path.join(dir, pre + str(i) + suffix)
if not os.path.exists(file):
return file
class TemporaryFileWrapper:
"""Temporary file wrapper
This class provides a wrapper around files opened for temporary use.
In particular, it seeks to automatically remove the file when it is
no longer needed.
"""
def __init__(self, file, path):
self.file = file
self.path = path
def close(self):
self.file.close()
os.unlink(self.path)
def __del__(self):
try: self.close()
except: pass
def __getattr__(self, name):
file = self.__dict__['file']
a = getattr(file, name)
if type(a) != type(0):
setattr(self, name, a)
return a
def TemporaryFile(mode='w+b', bufsize=-1, suffix=""):
"""Create and return a temporary file (opened read-write by default)."""
name = mktemp(suffix)
if os.name == 'posix':
# Unix -- be very careful
fd = os.open(name, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREAT|os.O_EXCL, 0700)
try:
os.unlink(name)
return os.fdopen(fd, mode, bufsize)
except:
os.close(fd)
raise
else:
# Non-unix -- can't unlink file that's still open, use wrapper
file = open(name, mode, bufsize)
return TemporaryFileWrapper(file, name)
# In order to generate unique names, mktemp() uses _counter.get_next().
# This returns a unique integer on each call, in a threadsafe way (i.e.,
# multiple threads will never see the same integer). The integer will
# usually be a Python int, but if _counter.get_next() is called often
# enough, it will become a Python long.
# Note that the only name that survives this next block of code
# is "_counter".
class _ThreadSafeCounter:
def __init__(self, mutex, initialvalue=0):
self.mutex = mutex
self.i = initialvalue
def get_next(self):
self.mutex.acquire()
result = self.i
try:
newi = result + 1
except OverflowError:
newi = long(result) + 1
self.i = newi
self.mutex.release()
return result
try:
import thread
except ImportError:
class _DummyMutex:
def acquire(self):
pass
release = acquire
_counter = _ThreadSafeCounter(_DummyMutex())
del _DummyMutex
else:
_counter = _ThreadSafeCounter(thread.allocate_lock())
del thread
del _ThreadSafeCounter
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