1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
|
"""Parse (absolute and relative) URLs.
See RFC 1808: "Relative Uniform Resource Locators", by R. Fielding,
UC Irvine, June 1995.
"""
__all__ = ["urlparse", "urlunparse", "urljoin"]
# A classification of schemes ('' means apply by default)
uses_relative = ['ftp', 'http', 'gopher', 'nntp', 'wais', 'file',
'https', 'shttp',
'prospero', 'rtsp', 'rtspu', '']
uses_netloc = ['ftp', 'http', 'gopher', 'nntp', 'telnet', 'wais',
'file',
'https', 'shttp', 'snews',
'prospero', 'rtsp', 'rtspu', '']
non_hierarchical = ['gopher', 'hdl', 'mailto', 'news', 'telnet', 'wais',
'snews', 'sip',
]
uses_params = ['ftp', 'hdl', 'prospero', 'http',
'https', 'shttp', 'rtsp', 'rtspu', 'sip',
'']
uses_query = ['http', 'wais',
'https', 'shttp',
'gopher', 'rtsp', 'rtspu', 'sip',
'']
uses_fragment = ['ftp', 'hdl', 'http', 'gopher', 'news', 'nntp', 'wais',
'https', 'shttp', 'snews',
'file', 'prospero', '']
# Characters valid in scheme names
scheme_chars = ('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
'0123456789'
'+-.')
MAX_CACHE_SIZE = 20
_parse_cache = {}
def clear_cache():
"""Clear the parse cache."""
global _parse_cache
_parse_cache = {}
def urlparse(url, scheme='', allow_fragments=1):
"""Parse a URL into 6 components:
<scheme>://<netloc>/<path>;<params>?<query>#<fragment>
Return a 6-tuple: (scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment).
Note that we don't break the components up in smaller bits
(e.g. netloc is a single string) and we don't expand % escapes."""
tuple = urlsplit(url, scheme, allow_fragments)
scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment = tuple
if scheme in uses_params and ';' in url:
url, params = _splitparams(url)
else:
params = ''
return scheme, netloc, url, params, query, fragment
def _splitparams(url):
if '/' in url:
i = url.find(';', url.rfind('/'))
if i < 0:
return url, ''
else:
i = url.find(';')
return url[:i], url[i+1:]
def urlsplit(url, scheme='', allow_fragments=1):
"""Parse a URL into 5 components:
<scheme>://<netloc>/<path>?<query>#<fragment>
Return a 5-tuple: (scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment).
Note that we don't break the components up in smaller bits
(e.g. netloc is a single string) and we don't expand % escapes."""
key = url, scheme, allow_fragments
cached = _parse_cache.get(key, None)
if cached:
return cached
if len(_parse_cache) >= MAX_CACHE_SIZE: # avoid runaway growth
clear_cache()
netloc = query = fragment = ''
i = url.find(':')
if i > 0:
if url[:i] == 'http': # optimize the common case
scheme = url[:i].lower()
url = url[i+1:]
if url[:2] == '//':
i = url.find('/', 2)
if i < 0:
i = url.find('#')
if i < 0:
i = len(url)
netloc = url[2:i]
url = url[i:]
if allow_fragments and '#' in url:
url, fragment = url.split('#', 1)
if '?' in url:
url, query = url.split('?', 1)
tuple = scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment
_parse_cache[key] = tuple
return tuple
for c in url[:i]:
if c not in scheme_chars:
break
else:
scheme, url = url[:i].lower(), url[i+1:]
if scheme in uses_netloc:
if url[:2] == '//':
i = url.find('/', 2)
if i < 0:
i = len(url)
netloc, url = url[2:i], url[i:]
if allow_fragments and scheme in uses_fragment and '#' in url:
url, fragment = url.split('#', 1)
if scheme in uses_query and '?' in url:
url, query = url.split('?', 1)
tuple = scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment
_parse_cache[key] = tuple
return tuple
def urlunparse((scheme, netloc, url, params, query, fragment)):
"""Put a parsed URL back together again. This may result in a
slightly different, but equivalent URL, if the URL that was parsed
originally had redundant delimiters, e.g. a ? with an empty query
(the draft states that these are equivalent)."""
if params:
url = "%s;%s" % (url, params)
return urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment))
def urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment)):
if netloc or (scheme in uses_netloc and url[:2] != '//'):
if url and url[:1] != '/': url = '/' + url
url = '//' + (netloc or '') + url
if scheme:
url = scheme + ':' + url
if query:
url = url + '?' + query
if fragment:
url = url + '#' + fragment
return url
def urljoin(base, url, allow_fragments = 1):
"""Join a base URL and a possibly relative URL to form an absolute
interpretation of the latter."""
if not base:
return url
if not url:
return base
bscheme, bnetloc, bpath, bparams, bquery, bfragment = \
urlparse(base, '', allow_fragments)
scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment = \
urlparse(url, bscheme, allow_fragments)
if scheme != bscheme or scheme not in uses_relative:
return url
if scheme in uses_netloc:
if netloc:
return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path,
params, query, fragment))
netloc = bnetloc
if path[:1] == '/':
return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path,
params, query, fragment))
if not path:
if not params:
params = bparams
if not query:
query = bquery
return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, bpath,
params, query, fragment))
segments = bpath.split('/')[:-1] + path.split('/')
# XXX The stuff below is bogus in various ways...
if segments[-1] == '.':
segments[-1] = ''
while '.' in segments:
segments.remove('.')
while 1:
i = 1
n = len(segments) - 1
while i < n:
if (segments[i] == '..'
and segments[i-1] not in ('', '..')):
del segments[i-1:i+1]
break
i = i+1
else:
break
if segments == ['', '..']:
segments[-1] = ''
elif len(segments) >= 2 and segments[-1] == '..':
segments[-2:] = ['']
return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, '/'.join(segments),
params, query, fragment))
def urldefrag(url):
"""Removes any existing fragment from URL.
Returns a tuple of the defragmented URL and the fragment. If
the URL contained no fragments, the second element is the
empty string.
"""
if '#' in url:
s, n, p, a, q, frag = urlparse(url)
defrag = urlunparse((s, n, p, a, q, ''))
return defrag, frag
else:
return url, ''
test_input = """
http://a/b/c/d
g:h = <URL:g:h>
http:g = <URL:http://a/b/c/g>
http: = <URL:http://a/b/c/d>
g = <URL:http://a/b/c/g>
./g = <URL:http://a/b/c/g>
g/ = <URL:http://a/b/c/g/>
/g = <URL:http://a/g>
//g = <URL:http://g>
?y = <URL:http://a/b/c/d?y>
g?y = <URL:http://a/b/c/g?y>
g?y/./x = <URL:http://a/b/c/g?y/./x>
. = <URL:http://a/b/c/>
./ = <URL:http://a/b/c/>
.. = <URL:http://a/b/>
../ = <URL:http://a/b/>
../g = <URL:http://a/b/g>
../.. = <URL:http://a/>
../../g = <URL:http://a/g>
../../../g = <URL:http://a/../g>
./../g = <URL:http://a/b/g>
./g/. = <URL:http://a/b/c/g/>
/./g = <URL:http://a/./g>
g/./h = <URL:http://a/b/c/g/h>
g/../h = <URL:http://a/b/c/h>
http:g = <URL:http://a/b/c/g>
http: = <URL:http://a/b/c/d>
http:?y = <URL:http://a/b/c/d?y>
http:g?y = <URL:http://a/b/c/g?y>
http:g?y/./x = <URL:http://a/b/c/g?y/./x>
"""
# XXX The result for //g is actually http://g/; is this a problem?
def test():
import sys
base = ''
if sys.argv[1:]:
fn = sys.argv[1]
if fn == '-':
fp = sys.stdin
else:
fp = open(fn)
else:
import StringIO
fp = StringIO.StringIO(test_input)
while 1:
line = fp.readline()
if not line: break
words = line.split()
if not words:
continue
url = words[0]
parts = urlparse(url)
print '%-10s : %s' % (url, parts)
abs = urljoin(base, url)
if not base:
base = abs
wrapped = '<URL:%s>' % abs
print '%-10s = %s' % (url, wrapped)
if len(words) == 3 and words[1] == '=':
if wrapped != words[2]:
print 'EXPECTED', words[2], '!!!!!!!!!!'
if __name__ == '__main__':
test()
|
