/* Python interpreter top-level routines, including init/exit */ #include "Python.h" #include "grammar.h" #include "node.h" #include "token.h" #include "parsetok.h" #include "errcode.h" #include "compile.h" #include "symtable.h" #include "eval.h" #include "marshal.h" #ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL_H #include #endif #ifdef MS_WIN32 #undef BYTE #include "windows.h" #endif #ifdef macintosh #include "macglue.h" #endif extern char *Py_GetPath(void); extern grammar _PyParser_Grammar; /* From graminit.c */ /* Forward */ static void initmain(void); static void initsite(void); static PyObject *run_err_node(node *, char *, PyObject *, PyObject *, PyCompilerFlags *); static PyObject *run_node(node *, char *, PyObject *, PyObject *, PyCompilerFlags *); static PyObject *run_pyc_file(FILE *, char *, PyObject *, PyObject *, PyCompilerFlags *); static void err_input(perrdetail *); static void initsigs(void); static void call_sys_exitfunc(void); static void call_ll_exitfuncs(void); #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS int _Py_AskYesNo(char *prompt); #endif extern void _PyUnicode_Init(void); extern void _PyUnicode_Fini(void); extern void _PyCodecRegistry_Init(void); extern void _PyCodecRegistry_Fini(void); int Py_DebugFlag; /* Needed by parser.c */ int Py_VerboseFlag; /* Needed by import.c */ int Py_InteractiveFlag; /* Needed by Py_FdIsInteractive() below */ int Py_NoSiteFlag; /* Suppress 'import site' */ int Py_UseClassExceptionsFlag = 1; /* Needed by bltinmodule.c: deprecated */ int Py_FrozenFlag; /* Needed by getpath.c */ int Py_UnicodeFlag = 0; /* Needed by compile.c */ int Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag; /* e.g. PYTHONPATH, PYTHONHOME */ /* _XXX Py_QnewFlag should go away in 2.3. It's true iff -Qnew is passed, on the command line, and is used in 2.2 by ceval.c to make all "/" divisions true divisions (which they will be in 2.3). */ int _Py_QnewFlag = 0; static int initialized = 0; /* API to access the initialized flag -- useful for esoteric use */ int Py_IsInitialized(void) { return initialized; } /* Global initializations. Can be undone by Py_Finalize(). Don't call this twice without an intervening Py_Finalize() call. When initializations fail, a fatal error is issued and the function does not return. On return, the first thread and interpreter state have been created. Locking: you must hold the interpreter lock while calling this. (If the lock has not yet been initialized, that's equivalent to having the lock, but you cannot use multiple threads.) */ static int add_flag(int flag, const char *envs) { int env = atoi(envs); if (flag < env) flag = env; if (flag < 1) flag = 1; return flag; } void Py_Initialize(void) { PyInterpreterState *interp; PyThreadState *tstate; PyObject *bimod, *sysmod; char *p; extern void _Py_ReadyTypes(void); if (initialized) return; initialized = 1; if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONDEBUG")) && *p != '\0') Py_DebugFlag = add_flag(Py_DebugFlag, p); if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONVERBOSE")) && *p != '\0') Py_VerboseFlag = add_flag(Py_VerboseFlag, p); if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONOPTIMIZE")) && *p != '\0') Py_OptimizeFlag = add_flag(Py_OptimizeFlag, p); interp = PyInterpreterState_New(); if (interp == NULL) Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't make first interpreter"); tstate = PyThreadState_New(interp); if (tstate == NULL) Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't make first thread"); (void) PyThreadState_Swap(tstate); _Py_ReadyTypes(); interp->modules = PyDict_New(); if (interp->modules == NULL) Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't make modules dictionary"); /* Init codec registry */ _PyCodecRegistry_Init(); #ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE /* Init Unicode implementation; relies on the codec registry */ _PyUnicode_Init(); #endif bimod = _PyBuiltin_Init(); if (bimod == NULL) Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize __builtin__"); interp->builtins = PyModule_GetDict(bimod); Py_INCREF(interp->builtins); sysmod = _PySys_Init(); if (sysmod == NULL) Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize sys"); interp->sysdict = PyModule_GetDict(sysmod); Py_INCREF(interp->sysdict); _PyImport_FixupExtension("sys", "sys"); PySys_SetPath(Py_GetPath()); PyDict_SetItemString(interp->sysdict, "modules", interp->modules); _PyImport_Init(); /* initialize builtin exceptions */ _PyExc_Init(); _PyImport_FixupExtension("exceptions", "exceptions"); /* phase 2 of builtins */ _PyImport_FixupExtension("__builtin__", "__builtin__"); initsigs(); /* Signal handling stuff, including initintr() */ initmain(); /* Module __main__ */ if (!Py_NoSiteFlag) initsite(); /* Module site */ } #ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS extern void dump_counts(void); #endif /* Undo the effect of Py_Initialize(). Beware: if multiple interpreter and/or thread states exist, these are not wiped out; only the current thread and interpreter state are deleted. But since everything else is deleted, those other interpreter and thread states should no longer be used. (XXX We should do better, e.g. wipe out all interpreters and threads.) Locking: as above. */ void Py_Finalize(void) { PyInterpreterState *interp; PyThreadState *tstate; if (!initialized) return; /* The interpreter is still entirely intact at this point, and the * exit funcs may be relying on that. In particular, if some thread * or exit func is still waiting to do an import, the import machinery * expects Py_IsInitialized() to return true. So don't say the * interpreter is uninitialized until after the exit funcs have run. * Note that Threading.py uses an exit func to do a join on all the * threads created thru it, so this also protects pending imports in * the threads created via Threading. */ call_sys_exitfunc(); initialized = 0; /* Get current thread state and interpreter pointer */ tstate = PyThreadState_Get(); interp = tstate->interp; /* Disable signal handling */ PyOS_FiniInterrupts(); #ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE /* Cleanup Unicode implementation */ _PyUnicode_Fini(); #endif /* Cleanup Codec registry */ _PyCodecRegistry_Fini(); /* Destroy all modules */ PyImport_Cleanup(); /* Destroy the database used by _PyImport_{Fixup,Find}Extension */ _PyImport_Fini(); /* Debugging stuff */ #ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS dump_counts(); #endif #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG fprintf(stderr, "[%ld refs]\n", _Py_RefTotal); #endif #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS if (Py_GETENV("PYTHONDUMPREFS")) { _Py_PrintReferences(stderr); } #endif /* Py_TRACE_REFS */ /* Now we decref the exception classes. After this point nothing can raise an exception. That's okay, because each Fini() method below has been checked to make sure no exceptions are ever raised. */ _PyExc_Fini(); /* Delete current thread */ PyInterpreterState_Clear(interp); PyThreadState_Swap(NULL); PyInterpreterState_Delete(interp); PyMethod_Fini(); PyFrame_Fini(); PyCFunction_Fini(); PyTuple_Fini(); PyString_Fini(); PyInt_Fini(); PyFloat_Fini(); /* XXX Still allocated: - various static ad-hoc pointers to interned strings - int and float free list blocks - whatever various modules and libraries allocate */ PyGrammar_RemoveAccelerators(&_PyParser_Grammar); call_ll_exitfuncs(); #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS _Py_ResetReferences(); #endif /* Py_TRACE_REFS */ } /* Create and initialize a new interpreter and thread, and return the new thread. This requires that Py_Initialize() has been called first. Unsuccessful initialization yields a NULL pointer. Note that *no* exception information is available even in this case -- the exception information is held in the thread, and there is no thread. Locking: as above. */ PyThreadState * Py_NewInterpreter(void) { PyInterpreterState *interp; PyThreadState *tstate, *save_tstate; PyObject *bimod, *sysmod; if (!initialized) Py_FatalError("Py_NewInterpreter: call Py_Initialize first"); interp = PyInterpreterState_New(); if (interp == NULL) return NULL; tstate = PyThreadState_New(interp); if (tstate == NULL) { PyInterpreterState_Delete(interp); return NULL; } save_tstate = PyThreadState_Swap(tstate); /* XXX The following is lax in error checking */ interp->modules = PyDict_New(); bimod = _PyImport_FindExtension("__builtin__", "__builtin__"); if (bimod != NULL) { interp->builtins = PyModule_GetDict(bimod); Py_INCREF(interp->builtins); } sysmod = _PyImport_FindExtension("sys", "sys"); if (bimod != NULL && sysmod != NULL) { interp->sysdict = PyModule_GetDict(sysmod); Py_INCREF(interp->sysdict); PySys_SetPath(Py_GetPath()); PyDict_SetItemString(interp->sysdict, "modules", interp->modules); initmain(); if (!Py_NoSiteFlag) initsite(); } if (!PyErr_Occurred()) return tstate; /* Oops, it didn't work. Undo it all. */ PyErr_Print(); PyThreadState_Clear(tstate); PyThreadState_Swap(save_tstate); PyThreadState_Delete(tstate); PyInterpreterState_Delete(interp); return NULL; } /* Delete an interpreter and its last thread. This requires that the given thread state is current, that the thread has no remaining frames, and that it is its interpreter's only remaining thread. It is a fatal error to violate these constraints. (Py_Finalize() doesn't have these constraints -- it zaps everything, regardless.) Locking: as above. */ void Py_EndInterpreter(PyThreadState *tstate) { PyInterpreterState *interp = tstate->interp; if (tstate != PyThreadState_Get()) Py_FatalError("Py_EndInterpreter: thread is not current"); if (tstate->frame != NULL) Py_FatalError("Py_EndInterpreter: thread still has a frame"); if (tstate != interp->tstate_head || tstate->next != NULL) Py_FatalError("Py_EndInterpreter: not the last thread"); PyImport_Cleanup(); PyInterpreterState_Clear(interp); PyThreadState_Swap(NULL); PyInterpreterState_Delete(interp); } static char *progname = "python"; void Py_SetProgramName(char *pn) { if (pn && *pn) progname = pn; } char * Py_GetProgramName(void) { return progname; } static char *default_home = NULL; void Py_SetPythonHome(char *home) { default_home = home; } char * Py_GetPythonHome(void) { char *home = default_home; if (home == NULL && !Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag) home = Py_GETENV("PYTHONHOME"); return home; } /* Create __main__ module */ static void initmain(void) { PyObject *m, *d; m = PyImport_AddModule("__main__"); if (m == NULL) Py_FatalError("can't create __main__ module"); d = PyModule_GetDict(m); if (PyDict_GetItemString(d, "__builtins__") == NULL) { PyObject *bimod = PyImport_ImportModule("__builtin__"); if (bimod == NULL || PyDict_SetItemString(d, "__builtins__", bimod) != 0) Py_FatalError("can't add __builtins__ to __main__"); Py_DECREF(bimod); } } /* Import the site module (not into __main__ though) */ static void initsite(void) { PyObject *m, *f; m = PyImport_ImportModule("site"); if (m == NULL) { f = PySys_GetObject("stderr"); if (Py_VerboseFlag) { PyFile_WriteString( "'import site' failed; traceback:\n", f); PyErr_Print(); } else { PyFile_WriteString( "'import site' failed; use -v for traceback\n", f); PyErr_Clear(); } } else { Py_DECREF(m); } } /* Parse input from a file and execute it */ int PyRun_AnyFile(FILE *fp, char *filename) { return PyRun_AnyFileExFlags(fp, filename, 0, NULL); } int PyRun_AnyFileFlags(FILE *fp, char *filename, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { return PyRun_AnyFileExFlags(fp, filename, 0, flags); } int PyRun_AnyFileEx(FILE *fp, char *filename, int closeit) { return PyRun_AnyFileExFlags(fp, filename, closeit, NULL); } int PyRun_AnyFileExFlags(FILE *fp, char *filename, int closeit, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { if (filename == NULL) filename = "???"; if (Py_FdIsInteractive(fp, filename)) { int err = PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags(fp, filename, flags); if (closeit) fclose(fp); return err; } else return PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags(fp, filename, closeit, flags); } int PyRun_InteractiveLoop(FILE *fp, char *filename) { return PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags(fp, filename, NULL); } int PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags(FILE *fp, char *filename, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { PyObject *v; int ret; PyCompilerFlags local_flags; if (flags == NULL) { flags = &local_flags; local_flags.cf_flags = 0; } v = PySys_GetObject("ps1"); if (v == NULL) { PySys_SetObject("ps1", v = PyString_FromString(">>> ")); Py_XDECREF(v); } v = PySys_GetObject("ps2"); if (v == NULL) { PySys_SetObject("ps2", v = PyString_FromString("... ")); Py_XDECREF(v); } for (;;) { ret = PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags(fp, filename, flags); #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG fprintf(stderr, "[%ld refs]\n", _Py_RefTotal); #endif if (ret == E_EOF) return 0; /* if (ret == E_NOMEM) return -1; */ } } int PyRun_InteractiveOne(FILE *fp, char *filename) { return PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags(fp, filename, NULL); } /* compute parser flags based on compiler flags */ #if 0 /* future keyword */ #define PARSER_FLAGS(flags) \ (((flags) && (flags)->cf_flags & CO_GENERATOR_ALLOWED) ? \ PyPARSE_YIELD_IS_KEYWORD : 0) #else #define PARSER_FLAGS(flags) 0 #endif int PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags(FILE *fp, char *filename, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { PyObject *m, *d, *v, *w; node *n; perrdetail err; char *ps1 = "", *ps2 = ""; v = PySys_GetObject("ps1"); if (v != NULL) { v = PyObject_Str(v); if (v == NULL) PyErr_Clear(); else if (PyString_Check(v)) ps1 = PyString_AsString(v); } w = PySys_GetObject("ps2"); if (w != NULL) { w = PyObject_Str(w); if (w == NULL) PyErr_Clear(); else if (PyString_Check(w)) ps2 = PyString_AsString(w); } n = PyParser_ParseFileFlags(fp, filename, &_PyParser_Grammar, Py_single_input, ps1, ps2, &err, PARSER_FLAGS(flags)); Py_XDECREF(v); Py_XDECREF(w); if (n == NULL) { if (err.error == E_EOF) { if (err.text) PyMem_DEL(err.text); return E_EOF; } err_input(&err); PyErr_Print(); return err.error; } m = PyImport_AddModule("__main__"); if (m == NULL) return -1; d = PyModule_GetDict(m); v = run_node(n, filename, d, d, flags); if (v == NULL) { PyErr_Print(); return -1; } Py_DECREF(v); if (Py_FlushLine()) PyErr_Clear(); return 0; } int PyRun_SimpleFile(FILE *fp, char *filename) { return PyRun_SimpleFileEx(fp, filename, 0); } /* Check whether a file maybe a pyc file: Look at the extension, the file type, and, if we may close it, at the first few bytes. */ static int maybe_pyc_file(FILE *fp, char* filename, char* ext, int closeit) { if (strcmp(ext, ".pyc") == 0 || strcmp(ext, ".pyo") == 0) return 1; #ifdef macintosh /* On a mac, we also assume a pyc file for types 'PYC ' and 'APPL' */ if (PyMac_getfiletype(filename) == 'PYC ' || PyMac_getfiletype(filename) == 'APPL') return 1; #endif /* macintosh */ /* Only look into the file if we are allowed to close it, since it then should also be seekable. */ if (closeit) { /* Read only two bytes of the magic. If the file was opened in text mode, the bytes 3 and 4 of the magic (\r\n) might not be read as they are on disk. */ unsigned int halfmagic = PyImport_GetMagicNumber() & 0xFFFF; unsigned char buf[2]; /* Mess: In case of -x, the stream is NOT at its start now, and ungetc() was used to push back the first newline, which makes the current stream position formally undefined, and a x-platform nightmare. Unfortunately, we have no direct way to know whether -x was specified. So we use a terrible hack: if the current stream position is not 0, we assume -x was specified, and give up. Bug 132850 on SourceForge spells out the hopelessness of trying anything else (fseek and ftell don't work predictably x-platform for text-mode files). */ int ispyc = 0; if (ftell(fp) == 0) { if (fread(buf, 1, 2, fp) == 2 && ((unsigned int)buf[1]<<8 | buf[0]) == halfmagic) ispyc = 1; rewind(fp); } return ispyc; } return 0; } int PyRun_SimpleFileEx(FILE *fp, char *filename, int closeit) { return PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags(fp, filename, closeit, NULL); } int PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags(FILE *fp, char *filename, int closeit, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { PyObject *m, *d, *v; char *ext; m = PyImport_AddModule("__main__"); if (m == NULL) return -1; d = PyModule_GetDict(m); ext = filename + strlen(filename) - 4; if (maybe_pyc_file(fp, filename, ext, closeit)) { /* Try to run a pyc file. First, re-open in binary */ if (closeit) fclose(fp); if( (fp = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL ) { fprintf(stderr, "python: Can't reopen .pyc file\n"); return -1; } /* Turn on optimization if a .pyo file is given */ if (strcmp(ext, ".pyo") == 0) Py_OptimizeFlag = 1; v = run_pyc_file(fp, filename, d, d, flags); } else { v = PyRun_FileExFlags(fp, filename, Py_file_input, d, d, closeit, flags); } if (v == NULL) { PyErr_Print(); return -1; } Py_DECREF(v); if (Py_FlushLine()) PyErr_Clear(); return 0; } int PyRun_SimpleString(char *command) { return PyRun_SimpleStringFlags(command, NULL); } int PyRun_SimpleStringFlags(char *command, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { PyObject *m, *d, *v; m = PyImport_AddModule("__main__"); if (m == NULL) return -1; d = PyModule_GetDict(m); v = PyRun_StringFlags(command, Py_file_input, d, d, flags); if (v == NULL) { PyErr_Print(); return -1; } Py_DECREF(v); if (Py_FlushLine()) PyErr_Clear(); return 0; } static int parse_syntax_error(PyObject *err, PyObject **message, char **filename, int *lineno, int *offset, char **text) { long hold; PyObject *v; /* old style errors */ if (PyTuple_Check(err)) return PyArg_Parse(err, "(O(ziiz))", message, filename, lineno, offset, text); /* new style errors. `err' is an instance */ if (! (v = PyObject_GetAttrString(err, "msg"))) goto finally; *message = v; if (!(v = PyObject_GetAttrString(err, "filename"))) goto finally; if (v == Py_None) *filename = NULL; else if (! (*filename = PyString_AsString(v))) goto finally; Py_DECREF(v); if (!(v = PyObject_GetAttrString(err, "lineno"))) goto finally; hold = PyInt_AsLong(v); Py_DECREF(v); v = NULL; if (hold < 0 && PyErr_Occurred()) goto finally; *lineno = (int)hold; if (!(v = PyObject_GetAttrString(err, "offset"))) goto finally; if (v == Py_None) { *offset = -1; Py_DECREF(v); v = NULL; } else { hold = PyInt_AsLong(v); Py_DECREF(v); v = NULL; if (hold < 0 && PyErr_Occurred()) goto finally; *offset = (int)hold; } if (!(v = PyObject_GetAttrString(err, "text"))) goto finally; if (v == Py_None) *text = NULL; else if (! (*text = PyString_AsString(v))) goto finally; Py_DECREF(v); return 1; finally: Py_XDECREF(v); return 0; } void PyErr_Print(void) { PyErr_PrintEx(1); } static void print_error_text(PyObject *f, int offset, char *text) { char *nl; if (offset >= 0) { if (offset > 0 && offset == (int)strlen(text)) offset--; for (;;) { nl = strchr(text, '\n'); if (nl == NULL || nl-text >= offset) break; offset -= (nl+1-text); text = nl+1; } while (*text == ' ' || *text == '\t') { text++; offset--; } } PyFile_WriteString(" ", f); PyFile_WriteString(text, f); if (*text == '\0' || text[strlen(text)-1] != '\n') PyFile_WriteString("\n", f); if (offset == -1) return; PyFile_WriteString(" ", f); offset--; while (offset > 0) { PyFile_WriteString(" ", f); offset--; } PyFile_WriteString("^\n", f); } static void handle_system_exit(void) { PyObject *exception, *value, *tb; PyErr_Fetch(&exception, &value, &tb); if (Py_FlushLine()) PyErr_Clear(); fflush(stdout); if (value == NULL || value == Py_None) Py_Exit(0); if (PyInstance_Check(value)) { /* The error code should be in the `code' attribute. */ PyObject *code = PyObject_GetAttrString(value, "code"); if (code) { Py_DECREF(value); value = code; if (value == Py_None) Py_Exit(0); } /* If we failed to dig out the 'code' attribute, just let the else clause below print the error. */ } if (PyInt_Check(value)) Py_Exit((int)PyInt_AsLong(value)); else { PyObject_Print(value, stderr, Py_PRINT_RAW); PySys_WriteStderr("\n"); Py_Exit(1); } } void PyErr_PrintEx(int set_sys_last_vars) { PyObject *exception, *v, *tb, *hook; if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_SystemExit)) { handle_system_exit(); } PyErr_Fetch(&exception, &v, &tb); PyErr_NormalizeException(&exception, &v, &tb); if (exception == NULL) return; if (set_sys_last_vars) { PySys_SetObject("last_type", exception); PySys_SetObject("last_value", v); PySys_SetObject("last_traceback", tb); } hook = PySys_GetObject("excepthook"); if (hook) { PyObject *args = Py_BuildValue("(OOO)", exception, v ? v : Py_None, tb ? tb : Py_None); PyObject *result = PyEval_CallObject(hook, args); if (result == NULL) { PyObject *exception2, *v2, *tb2; if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_SystemExit)) { handle_system_exit(); } PyErr_Fetch(&exception2, &v2, &tb2); PyErr_NormalizeException(&exception2, &v2, &tb2); if (Py_FlushLine()) PyErr_Clear(); fflush(stdout); PySys_WriteStderr("Error in sys.excepthook:\n"); PyErr_Display(exception2, v2, tb2); PySys_WriteStderr("\nOriginal exception was:\n"); PyErr_Display(exception, v, tb); Py_XDECREF(exception2); Py_XDECREF(v2); Py_XDECREF(tb2); } Py_XDECREF(result); Py_XDECREF(args); } else { PySys_WriteStderr("sys.excepthook is missing\n"); PyErr_Display(exception, v, tb); } Py_XDECREF(exception); Py_XDECREF(v); Py_XDECREF(tb); } void PyErr_Display(PyObject *exception, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb) { int err = 0; PyObject *v = value; PyObject *f = PySys_GetObject("stderr"); if (f == NULL) fprintf(stderr, "lost sys.stderr\n"); else { if (Py_FlushLine()) PyErr_Clear(); fflush(stdout); if (tb && tb != Py_None) err = PyTraceBack_Print(tb, f); if (err == 0 && PyObject_HasAttrString(v, "print_file_and_line")) { PyObject *message; char *filename, *text; int lineno, offset; if (!parse_syntax_error(v, &message, &filename, &lineno, &offset, &text)) PyErr_Clear(); else { char buf[10]; PyFile_WriteString(" File \"", f); if (filename == NULL) PyFile_WriteString("", f); else PyFile_WriteString(filename, f); PyFile_WriteString("\", line ", f); PyOS_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", lineno); PyFile_WriteString(buf, f); PyFile_WriteString("\n", f); if (text != NULL) print_error_text(f, offset, text); v = message; /* Can't be bothered to check all those PyFile_WriteString() calls */ if (PyErr_Occurred()) err = -1; } } if (err) { /* Don't do anything else */ } else if (PyClass_Check(exception)) { PyClassObject* exc = (PyClassObject*)exception; PyObject* className = exc->cl_name; PyObject* moduleName = PyDict_GetItemString(exc->cl_dict, "__module__"); if (moduleName == NULL) err = PyFile_WriteString("", f); else { char* modstr = PyString_AsString(moduleName); if (modstr && strcmp(modstr, "exceptions")) { err = PyFile_WriteString(modstr, f); err += PyFile_WriteString(".", f); } } if (err == 0) { if (className == NULL) err = PyFile_WriteString("", f); else err = PyFile_WriteObject(className, f, Py_PRINT_RAW); } } else err = PyFile_WriteObject(exception, f, Py_PRINT_RAW); if (err == 0) { if (v != NULL && v != Py_None) { PyObject *s = PyObject_Str(v); /* only print colon if the str() of the object is not the empty string */ if (s == NULL) err = -1; else if (!PyString_Check(s) || PyString_GET_SIZE(s) != 0) err = PyFile_WriteString(": ", f); if (err == 0) err = PyFile_WriteObject(s, f, Py_PRINT_RAW); Py_XDECREF(s); } } if (err == 0) err = PyFile_WriteString("\n", f); } /* If an error happened here, don't show it. XXX This is wrong, but too many callers rely on this behavior. */ if (err != 0) PyErr_Clear(); } PyObject * PyRun_String(char *str, int start, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals) { return run_err_node(PyParser_SimpleParseString(str, start), "", globals, locals, NULL); } PyObject * PyRun_File(FILE *fp, char *filename, int start, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals) { return PyRun_FileEx(fp, filename, start, globals, locals, 0); } PyObject * PyRun_FileEx(FILE *fp, char *filename, int start, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals, int closeit) { node *n = PyParser_SimpleParseFile(fp, filename, start); if (closeit) fclose(fp); return run_err_node(n, filename, globals, locals, NULL); } PyObject * PyRun_StringFlags(char *str, int start, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { return run_err_node(PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlags( str, start, PARSER_FLAGS(flags)), "", globals, locals, flags); } PyObject * PyRun_FileFlags(FILE *fp, char *filename, int start, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { return PyRun_FileExFlags(fp, filename, start, globals, locals, 0, flags); } PyObject * PyRun_FileExFlags(FILE *fp, char *filename, int start, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals, int closeit, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { node *n = PyParser_SimpleParseFileFlags(fp, filename, start, PARSER_FLAGS(flags)); if (closeit) fclose(fp); return run_err_node(n, filename, globals, locals, flags); } static PyObject * run_err_node(node *n, char *filename, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { if (n == NULL) return NULL; return run_node(n, filename, globals, locals, flags); } static PyObject * run_node(node *n, char *filename, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { PyCodeObject *co; PyObject *v; co = PyNode_CompileFlags(n, filename, flags); PyNode_Free(n); if (co == NULL) return NULL; v = PyEval_EvalCode(co, globals, locals); Py_DECREF(co); return v; } static PyObject * run_pyc_file(FILE *fp, char *filename, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { PyCodeObject *co; PyObject *v; long magic; long PyImport_GetMagicNumber(void); magic = PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile(fp); if (magic != PyImport_GetMagicNumber()) { PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Bad magic number in .pyc file"); return NULL; } (void) PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile(fp); v = PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile(fp); fclose(fp); if (v == NULL || !PyCode_Check(v)) { Py_XDECREF(v); PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Bad code object in .pyc file"); return NULL; } co = (PyCodeObject *)v; v = PyEval_EvalCode(co, globals, locals); if (v && flags) flags->cf_flags |= (co->co_flags & PyCF_MASK); Py_DECREF(co); return v; } PyObject * Py_CompileString(char *str, char *filename, int start) { return Py_CompileStringFlags(str, filename, start, NULL); } PyObject * Py_CompileStringFlags(char *str, char *filename, int start, PyCompilerFlags *flags) { node *n; PyCodeObject *co; n = PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlags(str, start, PARSER_FLAGS(flags)); if (n == NULL) return NULL; co = PyNode_CompileFlags(n, filename, flags); PyNode_Free(n); return (PyObject *)co; } struct symtable * Py_SymtableString(char *str, char *filename, int start) { node *n; struct symtable *st; n = PyParser_SimpleParseString(str, start); if (n == NULL) return NULL; st = PyNode_CompileSymtable(n, filename); PyNode_Free(n); return st; } /* Simplified interface to parsefile -- return node or set exception */ node * PyParser_SimpleParseFileFlags(FILE *fp, char *filename, int start, int flags) { node *n; perrdetail err; n = PyParser_ParseFileFlags(fp, filename, &_PyParser_Grammar, start, (char *)0, (char *)0, &err, flags); if (n == NULL) err_input(&err); return n; } node * PyParser_SimpleParseFile(FILE *fp, char *filename, int start) { return PyParser_SimpleParseFileFlags(fp, filename, start, 0); } /* Simplified interface to parsestring -- return node or set exception */ node * PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlags(char *str, int start, int flags) { node *n; perrdetail err; n = PyParser_ParseStringFlags(str, &_PyParser_Grammar, start, &err, flags); if (n == NULL) err_input(&err); return n; } node * PyParser_SimpleParseString(char *str, int start) { return PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlags(str, start, 0); } /* Set the error appropriate to the given input error code (see errcode.h) */ static void err_input(perrdetail *err) { PyObject *v, *w, *errtype; char *msg = NULL; errtype = PyExc_SyntaxError; v = Py_BuildValue("(ziiz)", err->filename, err->lineno, err->offset, err->text); if (err->text != NULL) { PyMem_DEL(err->text); err->text = NULL; } switch (err->error) { case E_SYNTAX: errtype = PyExc_IndentationError; if (err->expected == INDENT) msg = "expected an indented block"; else if (err->token == INDENT) msg = "unexpected indent"; else if (err->token == DEDENT) msg = "unexpected unindent"; else { errtype = PyExc_SyntaxError; msg = "invalid syntax"; } break; case E_TOKEN: msg = "invalid token"; break; case E_INTR: PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_KeyboardInterrupt); Py_XDECREF(v); return; case E_NOMEM: PyErr_NoMemory(); Py_XDECREF(v); return; case E_EOF: msg = "unexpected EOF while parsing"; break; case E_TABSPACE: errtype = PyExc_TabError; msg = "inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation"; break; case E_OVERFLOW: msg = "expression too long"; break; case E_DEDENT: errtype = PyExc_IndentationError; msg = "unindent does not match any outer indentation level"; break; case E_TOODEEP: errtype = PyExc_IndentationError; msg = "too many levels of indentation"; break; default: fprintf(stderr, "error=%d\n", err->error); msg = "unknown parsing error"; break; } w = Py_BuildValue("(sO)", msg, v); Py_XDECREF(v); PyErr_SetObject(errtype, w); Py_XDECREF(w); } /* Print fatal error message and abort */ void Py_FatalError(char *msg) { fprintf(stderr, "Fatal Python error: %s\n", msg); #ifdef macintosh for (;;); #endif #ifdef MS_WIN32 OutputDebugString("Fatal Python error: "); OutputDebugString(msg); OutputDebugString("\n"); #ifdef _DEBUG DebugBreak(); #endif #endif /* MS_WIN32 */ abort(); } /* Clean up and exit */ #ifdef WITH_THREAD #include "pythread.h" int _PyThread_Started = 0; /* Set by threadmodule.c and maybe others */ #endif #define NEXITFUNCS 32 static void (*exitfuncs[NEXITFUNCS])(void); static int nexitfuncs = 0; int Py_AtExit(void (*func)(void)) { if (nexitfuncs >= NEXITFUNCS) return -1; exitfuncs[nexitfuncs++] = func; return 0; } static void call_sys_exitfunc(void) { PyObject *exitfunc = PySys_GetObject("exitfunc"); if (exitfunc) { PyObject *res; Py_INCREF(exitfunc); PySys_SetObject("exitfunc", (PyObject *)NULL); res = PyEval_CallObject(exitfunc, (PyObject *)NULL); if (res == NULL) { if (!PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_SystemExit)) { PySys_WriteStderr("Error in sys.exitfunc:\n"); } PyErr_Print(); } Py_DECREF(exitfunc); } if (Py_FlushLine()) PyErr_Clear(); } static void call_ll_exitfuncs(void) { while (nexitfuncs > 0) (*exitfuncs[--nexitfuncs])(); fflush(stdout); fflush(stderr); } void Py_Exit(int sts) { Py_Finalize(); #ifdef macintosh PyMac_Exit(sts); #else exit(sts); #endif } static void initsigs(void) { #ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL_H #ifdef SIGPIPE signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); #endif #ifdef SIGXFZ signal(SIGXFZ, SIG_IGN); #endif #endif /* HAVE_SIGNAL_H */ PyOS_InitInterrupts(); /* May imply initsignal() */ } #ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS /* Ask a yes/no question */ int _Py_AskYesNo(char *prompt) { char buf[256]; fprintf(stderr, "%s [ny] ", prompt); if (fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin) == NULL) return 0; return buf[0] == 'y' || buf[0] == 'Y'; } #endif #ifdef MPW /* Check for file descriptor connected to interactive device. Pretend that stdin is always interactive, other files never. */ int isatty(int fd) { return fd == fileno(stdin); } #endif /* * The file descriptor fd is considered ``interactive'' if either * a) isatty(fd) is TRUE, or * b) the -i flag was given, and the filename associated with * the descriptor is NULL or "" or "???". */ int Py_FdIsInteractive(FILE *fp, char *filename) { if (isatty((int)fileno(fp))) return 1; if (!Py_InteractiveFlag) return 0; return (filename == NULL) || (strcmp(filename, "") == 0) || (strcmp(filename, "???") == 0); } #if defined(USE_STACKCHECK) #if defined(WIN32) && defined(_MSC_VER) /* Stack checking for Microsoft C */ #include #include /* * Return non-zero when we run out of memory on the stack; zero otherwise. */ int PyOS_CheckStack(void) { __try { /* _alloca throws a stack overflow exception if there's not enough space left on the stack */ _alloca(PYOS_STACK_MARGIN * sizeof(void*)); return 0; } __except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER) { /* just ignore all errors */ } return 1; } #endif /* WIN32 && _MSC_VER */ /* Alternate implementations can be added here... */ #endif /* USE_STACKCHECK */ /* Wrappers around sigaction() or signal(). */ PyOS_sighandler_t PyOS_getsig(int sig) { #ifdef HAVE_SIGACTION struct sigaction context; /* Initialize context.sa_handler to SIG_ERR which makes about as * much sense as anything else. It should get overwritten if * sigaction actually succeeds and otherwise we avoid an * uninitialized memory read. */ context.sa_handler = SIG_ERR; sigaction(sig, NULL, &context); return context.sa_handler; #else PyOS_sighandler_t handler; handler = signal(sig, SIG_IGN); signal(sig, handler); return handler; #endif } PyOS_sighandler_t PyOS_setsig(int sig, PyOS_sighandler_t handler) { #ifdef HAVE_SIGACTION struct sigaction context; PyOS_sighandler_t oldhandler; /* Initialize context.sa_handler to SIG_ERR which makes about as * much sense as anything else. It should get overwritten if * sigaction actually succeeds and otherwise we avoid an * uninitialized memory read. */ context.sa_handler = SIG_ERR; sigaction(sig, NULL, &context); oldhandler = context.sa_handler; context.sa_handler = handler; sigaction(sig, &context, NULL); return oldhandler; #else return signal(sig, handler); #endif } id='n924' href='#n924'>924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 1401 1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509 1510 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534 1535 1536 1537 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565 1566 1567 1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573 1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 
/* Python interpreter top-level routines, including init/exit */

#include "Python.h"

#include "Python-ast.h"
#undef Yield /* undefine macro conflicting with winbase.h */
#include "grammar.h"
#include "node.h"
#include "token.h"
#include "parsetok.h"
#include "errcode.h"
#include "code.h"
#include "symtable.h"
#include "ast.h"
#include "marshal.h"
#include "osdefs.h"
#include <locale.h>

#ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL_H
#include <signal.h>
#endif

#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
#include "malloc.h" /* for alloca */
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_LANGINFO_H
#include <langinfo.h>
#endif

#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
#undef BYTE
#include "windows.h"
#endif

_Py_IDENTIFIER(flush);
_Py_IDENTIFIER(name);
_Py_IDENTIFIER(stdin);
_Py_IDENTIFIER(stdout);
_Py_IDENTIFIER(stderr);

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

extern wchar_t *Py_GetPath(void);

extern grammar _PyParser_Grammar; /* From graminit.c */

/* Forward */
static void initmain(PyInterpreterState *interp);
static int initfsencoding(PyInterpreterState *interp);
static void initsite(void);
static int initstdio(void);
static void initsigs(void);
static void call_py_exitfuncs(void);
static void wait_for_thread_shutdown(void);
static void call_ll_exitfuncs(void);
extern int _PyUnicode_Init(void);
extern int _PyStructSequence_Init(void);
extern void _PyUnicode_Fini(void);
extern int _PyLong_Init(void);
extern void PyLong_Fini(void);
extern int _PyFaulthandler_Init(void);
extern void _PyFaulthandler_Fini(void);
extern void _PyHash_Fini(void);
extern int _PyTraceMalloc_Init(void);
extern int _PyTraceMalloc_Fini(void);

#ifdef WITH_THREAD
extern void _PyGILState_Init(PyInterpreterState *, PyThreadState *);
extern void _PyGILState_Fini(void);
#endif /* WITH_THREAD */

/* Global configuration variable declarations are in pydebug.h */
/* XXX (ncoghlan): move those declarations to pylifecycle.h? */
int Py_DebugFlag; /* Needed by parser.c */
int Py_VerboseFlag; /* Needed by import.c */
int Py_QuietFlag; /* Needed by sysmodule.c */
int Py_InteractiveFlag; /* Needed by Py_FdIsInteractive() below */
int Py_InspectFlag; /* Needed to determine whether to exit at SystemExit */
int Py_OptimizeFlag = 0; /* Needed by compile.c */
int Py_NoSiteFlag; /* Suppress 'import site' */
int Py_BytesWarningFlag; /* Warn on str(bytes) and str(buffer) */
int Py_UseClassExceptionsFlag = 1; /* Needed by bltinmodule.c: deprecated */
int Py_FrozenFlag; /* Needed by getpath.c */
int Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag; /* e.g. PYTHONPATH, PYTHONHOME */
int Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag; /* Suppress writing bytecode files (*.py[co]) */
int Py_NoUserSiteDirectory = 0; /* for -s and site.py */
int Py_UnbufferedStdioFlag = 0; /* Unbuffered binary std{in,out,err} */
int Py_HashRandomizationFlag = 0; /* for -R and PYTHONHASHSEED */
int Py_IsolatedFlag = 0; /* for -I, isolate from user's env */

PyThreadState *_Py_Finalizing = NULL;

/* Hack to force loading of object files */
int (*_PyOS_mystrnicmp_hack)(const char *, const char *, Py_ssize_t) = \
    PyOS_mystrnicmp; /* Python/pystrcmp.o */

/* PyModule_GetWarningsModule is no longer necessary as of 2.6
since _warnings is builtin.  This API should not be used. */
PyObject *
PyModule_GetWarningsModule(void)
{
    return PyImport_ImportModule("warnings");
}

static int initialized = 0;

/* API to access the initialized flag -- useful for esoteric use */

int
Py_IsInitialized(void)
{
    return initialized;
}

/* Helper to allow an embedding application to override the normal
 * mechanism that attempts to figure out an appropriate IO encoding
 */

static char *_Py_StandardStreamEncoding = NULL;
static char *_Py_StandardStreamErrors = NULL;

int
Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding(const char *encoding, const char *errors)
{
    if (Py_IsInitialized()) {
        /* This is too late to have any effect */
        return -1;
    }
    /* Can't call PyErr_NoMemory() on errors, as Python hasn't been
     * initialised yet.
     *
     * However, the raw memory allocators are initialised appropriately
     * as C static variables, so _PyMem_RawStrdup is OK even though
     * Py_Initialize hasn't been called yet.
     */
    if (encoding) {
        _Py_StandardStreamEncoding = _PyMem_RawStrdup(encoding);
        if (!_Py_StandardStreamEncoding) {
            return -2;
        }
    }
    if (errors) {
        _Py_StandardStreamErrors = _PyMem_RawStrdup(errors);
        if (!_Py_StandardStreamErrors) {
            if (_Py_StandardStreamEncoding) {
                PyMem_RawFree(_Py_StandardStreamEncoding);
            }
            return -3;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

/* Global initializations.  Can be undone by Py_Finalize().  Don't
   call this twice without an intervening Py_Finalize() call.  When
   initializations fail, a fatal error is issued and the function does
   not return.  On return, the first thread and interpreter state have
   been created.

   Locking: you must hold the interpreter lock while calling this.
   (If the lock has not yet been initialized, that's equivalent to
   having the lock, but you cannot use multiple threads.)

*/

static int
add_flag(int flag, const char *envs)
{
    int env = atoi(envs);
    if (flag < env)
        flag = env;
    if (flag < 1)
        flag = 1;
    return flag;
}

static char*
get_codec_name(const char *encoding)
{
    char *name_utf8, *name_str;
    PyObject *codec, *name = NULL;

    codec = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);
    if (!codec)
        goto error;

    name = _PyObject_GetAttrId(codec, &PyId_name);
    Py_CLEAR(codec);
    if (!name)
        goto error;

    name_utf8 = _PyUnicode_AsString(name);
    if (name_utf8 == NULL)
        goto error;
    name_str = _PyMem_RawStrdup(name_utf8);
    Py_DECREF(name);
    if (name_str == NULL) {
        PyErr_NoMemory();
        return NULL;
    }
    return name_str;

error:
    Py_XDECREF(codec);
    Py_XDECREF(name);
    return NULL;
}

static char*
get_locale_encoding(void)
{
#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
    char codepage[100];
    PyOS_snprintf(codepage, sizeof(codepage), "cp%d", GetACP());
    return get_codec_name(codepage);
#elif defined(HAVE_LANGINFO_H) && defined(CODESET)
    char* codeset = nl_langinfo(CODESET);
    if (!codeset || codeset[0] == '\0') {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "CODESET is not set or empty");
        return NULL;
    }
    return get_codec_name(codeset);
#else
    PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_NotImplementedError);
    return NULL;
#endif
}

static void
import_init(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyObject *sysmod)
{
    PyObject *importlib;
    PyObject *impmod;
    PyObject *sys_modules;
    PyObject *value;

    /* Import _importlib through its frozen version, _frozen_importlib. */
    if (PyImport_ImportFrozenModule("_frozen_importlib") <= 0) {
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't import _frozen_importlib");
    }
    else if (Py_VerboseFlag) {
        PySys_FormatStderr("import _frozen_importlib # frozen\n");
    }
    importlib = PyImport_AddModule("_frozen_importlib");
    if (importlib == NULL) {
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: couldn't get _frozen_importlib from "
                      "sys.modules");
    }
    interp->importlib = importlib;
    Py_INCREF(interp->importlib);

    /* Import the _imp module */
    impmod = PyInit_imp();
    if (impmod == NULL) {
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't import _imp");
    }
    else if (Py_VerboseFlag) {
        PySys_FormatStderr("import _imp # builtin\n");
    }
    sys_modules = PyImport_GetModuleDict();
    if (Py_VerboseFlag) {
        PySys_FormatStderr("import sys # builtin\n");
    }
    if (PyDict_SetItemString(sys_modules, "_imp", impmod) < 0) {
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't save _imp to sys.modules");
    }

    /* Install importlib as the implementation of import */
    value = PyObject_CallMethod(importlib, "_install", "OO", sysmod, impmod);
    if (value == NULL) {
        PyErr_Print();
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: importlib install failed");
    }
    Py_DECREF(value);
    Py_DECREF(impmod);

    _PyImportZip_Init();
}


void
_Py_InitializeEx_Private(int install_sigs, int install_importlib)
{
    PyInterpreterState *interp;
    PyThreadState *tstate;
    PyObject *bimod, *sysmod, *pstderr;
    char *p;
    extern void _Py_ReadyTypes(void);

    if (initialized)
        return;
    initialized = 1;
    _Py_Finalizing = NULL;

#if defined(HAVE_LANGINFO_H) && defined(HAVE_SETLOCALE)
    /* Set up the LC_CTYPE locale, so we can obtain
       the locale's charset without having to switch
       locales. */
    setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
#endif

    if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONDEBUG")) && *p != '\0')
        Py_DebugFlag = add_flag(Py_DebugFlag, p);
    if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONVERBOSE")) && *p != '\0')
        Py_VerboseFlag = add_flag(Py_VerboseFlag, p);
    if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONOPTIMIZE")) && *p != '\0')
        Py_OptimizeFlag = add_flag(Py_OptimizeFlag, p);
    if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE")) && *p != '\0')
        Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag = add_flag(Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag, p);
    /* The variable is only tested for existence here; _PyRandom_Init will
       check its value further. */
    if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONHASHSEED")) && *p != '\0')
        Py_HashRandomizationFlag = add_flag(Py_HashRandomizationFlag, p);

    _PyRandom_Init();

    interp = PyInterpreterState_New();
    if (interp == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't make first interpreter");

    tstate = PyThreadState_New(interp);
    if (tstate == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't make first thread");
    (void) PyThreadState_Swap(tstate);

#ifdef WITH_THREAD
    /* We can't call _PyEval_FiniThreads() in Py_Finalize because
       destroying the GIL might fail when it is being referenced from
       another running thread (see issue #9901).
       Instead we destroy the previously created GIL here, which ensures
       that we can call Py_Initialize / Py_Finalize multiple times. */
    _PyEval_FiniThreads();

    /* Auto-thread-state API */
    _PyGILState_Init(interp, tstate);
#endif /* WITH_THREAD */

    _Py_ReadyTypes();

    if (!_PyFrame_Init())
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't init frames");

    if (!_PyLong_Init())
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't init longs");

    if (!PyByteArray_Init())
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't init bytearray");

    if (!_PyFloat_Init())
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't init float");

    interp->modules = PyDict_New();
    if (interp->modules == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't make modules dictionary");

    /* Init Unicode implementation; relies on the codec registry */
    if (_PyUnicode_Init() < 0)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize unicode");
    if (_PyStructSequence_Init() < 0)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize structseq");

    bimod = _PyBuiltin_Init();
    if (bimod == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize builtins modules");
    _PyImport_FixupBuiltin(bimod, "builtins");
    interp->builtins = PyModule_GetDict(bimod);
    if (interp->builtins == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize builtins dict");
    Py_INCREF(interp->builtins);

    /* initialize builtin exceptions */
    _PyExc_Init(bimod);

    sysmod = _PySys_Init();
    if (sysmod == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize sys");
    interp->sysdict = PyModule_GetDict(sysmod);
    if (interp->sysdict == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize sys dict");
    Py_INCREF(interp->sysdict);
    _PyImport_FixupBuiltin(sysmod, "sys");
    PySys_SetPath(Py_GetPath());
    PyDict_SetItemString(interp->sysdict, "modules",
                         interp->modules);

    /* Set up a preliminary stderr printer until we have enough
       infrastructure for the io module in place. */
    pstderr = PyFile_NewStdPrinter(fileno(stderr));
    if (pstderr == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't set preliminary stderr");
    _PySys_SetObjectId(&PyId_stderr, pstderr);
    PySys_SetObject("__stderr__", pstderr);
    Py_DECREF(pstderr);

    _PyImport_Init();

    _PyImportHooks_Init();

    /* Initialize _warnings. */
    _PyWarnings_Init();

    if (!install_importlib)
        return;

    if (_PyTime_Init() < 0)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize time");

    import_init(interp, sysmod);

    /* initialize the faulthandler module */
    if (_PyFaulthandler_Init())
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize faulthandler");

    if (initfsencoding(interp) < 0)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: unable to load the file system codec");

    if (install_sigs)
        initsigs(); /* Signal handling stuff, including initintr() */

    if (_PyTraceMalloc_Init() < 0)
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't initialize tracemalloc");

    initmain(interp); /* Module __main__ */
    if (initstdio() < 0)
        Py_FatalError(
            "Py_Initialize: can't initialize sys standard streams");

    /* Initialize warnings. */
    if (PySys_HasWarnOptions()) {
        PyObject *warnings_module = PyImport_ImportModule("warnings");
        if (warnings_module == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "'import warnings' failed; traceback:\n");
            PyErr_Print();
        }
        Py_XDECREF(warnings_module);
    }

    if (!Py_NoSiteFlag)
        initsite(); /* Module site */
}

void
Py_InitializeEx(int install_sigs)
{
    _Py_InitializeEx_Private(install_sigs, 1);
}

void
Py_Initialize(void)
{
    Py_InitializeEx(1);
}


#ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS
extern void dump_counts(FILE*);
#endif

/* Flush stdout and stderr */

static int
file_is_closed(PyObject *fobj)
{
    int r;
    PyObject *tmp = PyObject_GetAttrString(fobj, "closed");
    if (tmp == NULL) {
        PyErr_Clear();
        return 0;
    }
    r = PyObject_IsTrue(tmp);
    Py_DECREF(tmp);
    if (r < 0)
        PyErr_Clear();
    return r > 0;
}

static void
flush_std_files(void)
{
    PyObject *fout = _PySys_GetObjectId(&PyId_stdout);
    PyObject *ferr = _PySys_GetObjectId(&PyId_stderr);
    PyObject *tmp;

    if (fout != NULL && fout != Py_None && !file_is_closed(fout)) {
        tmp = _PyObject_CallMethodId(fout, &PyId_flush, "");
        if (tmp == NULL)
            PyErr_WriteUnraisable(fout);
        else
            Py_DECREF(tmp);
    }

    if (ferr != NULL && ferr != Py_None && !file_is_closed(ferr)) {
        tmp = _PyObject_CallMethodId(ferr, &PyId_flush, "");
        if (tmp == NULL)
            PyErr_Clear();
        else
            Py_DECREF(tmp);
    }
}

/* Undo the effect of Py_Initialize().

   Beware: if multiple interpreter and/or thread states exist, these
   are not wiped out; only the current thread and interpreter state
   are deleted.  But since everything else is deleted, those other
   interpreter and thread states should no longer be used.

   (XXX We should do better, e.g. wipe out all interpreters and
   threads.)

   Locking: as above.

*/

void
Py_Finalize(void)
{
    PyInterpreterState *interp;
    PyThreadState *tstate;

    if (!initialized)
        return;

    wait_for_thread_shutdown();

    /* The interpreter is still entirely intact at this point, and the
     * exit funcs may be relying on that.  In particular, if some thread
     * or exit func is still waiting to do an import, the import machinery
     * expects Py_IsInitialized() to return true.  So don't say the
     * interpreter is uninitialized until after the exit funcs have run.
     * Note that Threading.py uses an exit func to do a join on all the
     * threads created thru it, so this also protects pending imports in
     * the threads created via Threading.
     */
    call_py_exitfuncs();

    /* Get current thread state and interpreter pointer */
    tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
    interp = tstate->interp;

    /* Remaining threads (e.g. daemon threads) will automatically exit
       after taking the GIL (in PyEval_RestoreThread()). */
    _Py_Finalizing = tstate;
    initialized = 0;

    /* Flush sys.stdout and sys.stderr */
    flush_std_files();

    /* Disable signal handling */
    PyOS_FiniInterrupts();

    /* Collect garbage.  This may call finalizers; it's nice to call these
     * before all modules are destroyed.
     * XXX If a __del__ or weakref callback is triggered here, and tries to
     * XXX import a module, bad things can happen, because Python no
     * XXX longer believes it's initialized.
     * XXX     Fatal Python error: Interpreter not initialized (version mismatch?)
     * XXX is easy to provoke that way.  I've also seen, e.g.,
     * XXX     Exception exceptions.ImportError: 'No module named sha'
     * XXX         in <function callback at 0x008F5718> ignored
     * XXX but I'm unclear on exactly how that one happens.  In any case,
     * XXX I haven't seen a real-life report of either of these.
     */
    PyGC_Collect();
#ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS
    /* With COUNT_ALLOCS, it helps to run GC multiple times:
       each collection might release some types from the type
       list, so they become garbage. */
    while (PyGC_Collect() > 0)
        /* nothing */;
#endif
    /* Destroy all modules */
    PyImport_Cleanup();

    /* Flush sys.stdout and sys.stderr (again, in case more was printed) */
    flush_std_files();

    /* Collect final garbage.  This disposes of cycles created by
     * class definitions, for example.
     * XXX This is disabled because it caused too many problems.  If
     * XXX a __del__ or weakref callback triggers here, Python code has
     * XXX a hard time running, because even the sys module has been
     * XXX cleared out (sys.stdout is gone, sys.excepthook is gone, etc).
     * XXX One symptom is a sequence of information-free messages
     * XXX coming from threads (if a __del__ or callback is invoked,
     * XXX other threads can execute too, and any exception they encounter
     * XXX triggers a comedy of errors as subsystem after subsystem
     * XXX fails to find what it *expects* to find in sys to help report
     * XXX the exception and consequent unexpected failures).  I've also
     * XXX seen segfaults then, after adding print statements to the
     * XXX Python code getting called.
     */
#if 0
    PyGC_Collect();
#endif

    /* Disable tracemalloc after all Python objects have been destroyed,
       so it is possible to use tracemalloc in objects destructor. */
    _PyTraceMalloc_Fini();

    /* Destroy the database used by _PyImport_{Fixup,Find}Extension */
    _PyImport_Fini();

    /* Cleanup typeobject.c's internal caches. */
    _PyType_Fini();

    /* unload faulthandler module */
    _PyFaulthandler_Fini();

    /* Debugging stuff */
#ifdef COUNT_ALLOCS
    dump_counts(stdout);
#endif
    /* dump hash stats */
    _PyHash_Fini();

    _PY_DEBUG_PRINT_TOTAL_REFS();

#ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS
    /* Display all objects still alive -- this can invoke arbitrary
     * __repr__ overrides, so requires a mostly-intact interpreter.
     * Alas, a lot of stuff may still be alive now that will be cleaned
     * up later.
     */
    if (Py_GETENV("PYTHONDUMPREFS"))
        _Py_PrintReferences(stderr);
#endif /* Py_TRACE_REFS */

    /* Clear interpreter state and all thread states. */
    PyInterpreterState_Clear(interp);

    /* Now we decref the exception classes.  After this point nothing
       can raise an exception.  That's okay, because each Fini() method
       below has been checked to make sure no exceptions are ever
       raised.
    */

    _PyExc_Fini();

    /* Sundry finalizers */
    PyMethod_Fini();
    PyFrame_Fini();
    PyCFunction_Fini();
    PyTuple_Fini();
    PyList_Fini();
    PySet_Fini();
    PyBytes_Fini();
    PyByteArray_Fini();
    PyLong_Fini();
    PyFloat_Fini();
    PyDict_Fini();
    PySlice_Fini();
    _PyGC_Fini();
    _PyRandom_Fini();

    /* Cleanup Unicode implementation */
    _PyUnicode_Fini();

    /* reset file system default encoding */
    if (!Py_HasFileSystemDefaultEncoding && Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding) {
        PyMem_RawFree((char*)Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding);
        Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding = NULL;
    }

    /* XXX Still allocated:
       - various static ad-hoc pointers to interned strings
       - int and float free list blocks
       - whatever various modules and libraries allocate
    */

    PyGrammar_RemoveAccelerators(&_PyParser_Grammar);

    /* Cleanup auto-thread-state */
#ifdef WITH_THREAD
    _PyGILState_Fini();
#endif /* WITH_THREAD */

    /* Delete current thread. After this, many C API calls become crashy. */
    PyThreadState_Swap(NULL);
    PyInterpreterState_Delete(interp);

#ifdef Py_TRACE_REFS
    /* Display addresses (& refcnts) of all objects still alive.
     * An address can be used to find the repr of the object, printed
     * above by _Py_PrintReferences.
     */
    if (Py_GETENV("PYTHONDUMPREFS"))
        _Py_PrintReferenceAddresses(stderr);
#endif /* Py_TRACE_REFS */
#ifdef PYMALLOC_DEBUG
    if (Py_GETENV("PYTHONMALLOCSTATS"))
        _PyObject_DebugMallocStats(stderr);
#endif

    call_ll_exitfuncs();
}

/* Create and initialize a new interpreter and thread, and return the
   new thread.  This requires that Py_Initialize() has been called
   first.

   Unsuccessful initialization yields a NULL pointer.  Note that *no*
   exception information is available even in this case -- the
   exception information is held in the thread, and there is no
   thread.

   Locking: as above.

*/

PyThreadState *
Py_NewInterpreter(void)
{
    PyInterpreterState *interp;
    PyThreadState *tstate, *save_tstate;
    PyObject *bimod, *sysmod;

    if (!initialized)
        Py_FatalError("Py_NewInterpreter: call Py_Initialize first");

    interp = PyInterpreterState_New();
    if (interp == NULL)
        return NULL;

    tstate = PyThreadState_New(interp);
    if (tstate == NULL) {
        PyInterpreterState_Delete(interp);
        return NULL;
    }

    save_tstate = PyThreadState_Swap(tstate);

    /* XXX The following is lax in error checking */

    interp->modules = PyDict_New();

    bimod = _PyImport_FindBuiltin("builtins");
    if (bimod != NULL) {
        interp->builtins = PyModule_GetDict(bimod);
        if (interp->builtins == NULL)
            goto handle_error;
        Py_INCREF(interp->builtins);
    }

    /* initialize builtin exceptions */
    _PyExc_Init(bimod);

    sysmod = _PyImport_FindBuiltin("sys");
    if (bimod != NULL && sysmod != NULL) {
        PyObject *pstderr;

        interp->sysdict = PyModule_GetDict(sysmod);
        if (interp->sysdict == NULL)
            goto handle_error;
        Py_INCREF(interp->sysdict);
        PySys_SetPath(Py_GetPath());
        PyDict_SetItemString(interp->sysdict, "modules",
                             interp->modules);
        /* Set up a preliminary stderr printer until we have enough
           infrastructure for the io module in place. */
        pstderr = PyFile_NewStdPrinter(fileno(stderr));
        if (pstderr == NULL)
            Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't set preliminary stderr");
        _PySys_SetObjectId(&PyId_stderr, pstderr);
        PySys_SetObject("__stderr__", pstderr);
        Py_DECREF(pstderr);

        _PyImportHooks_Init();

        import_init(interp, sysmod);

        if (initfsencoding(interp) < 0)
            goto handle_error;

        if (initstdio() < 0)
            Py_FatalError(
            "Py_Initialize: can't initialize sys standard streams");
        initmain(interp);
        if (!Py_NoSiteFlag)
            initsite();
    }

    if (!PyErr_Occurred())
        return tstate;

handle_error:
    /* Oops, it didn't work.  Undo it all. */

    PyErr_PrintEx(0);
    PyThreadState_Clear(tstate);
    PyThreadState_Swap(save_tstate);
    PyThreadState_Delete(tstate);
    PyInterpreterState_Delete(interp);

    return NULL;
}

/* Delete an interpreter and its last thread.  This requires that the
   given thread state is current, that the thread has no remaining
   frames, and that it is its interpreter's only remaining thread.
   It is a fatal error to violate these constraints.

   (Py_Finalize() doesn't have these constraints -- it zaps
   everything, regardless.)

   Locking: as above.

*/

void
Py_EndInterpreter(PyThreadState *tstate)
{
    PyInterpreterState *interp = tstate->interp;

    if (tstate != PyThreadState_GET())
        Py_FatalError("Py_EndInterpreter: thread is not current");
    if (tstate->frame != NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_EndInterpreter: thread still has a frame");

    wait_for_thread_shutdown();

    if (tstate != interp->tstate_head || tstate->next != NULL)
        Py_FatalError("Py_EndInterpreter: not the last thread");

    PyImport_Cleanup();
    PyInterpreterState_Clear(interp);
    PyThreadState_Swap(NULL);
    PyInterpreterState_Delete(interp);
}

#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
static wchar_t *progname = L"python";
#else
static wchar_t *progname = L"python3";
#endif

void
Py_SetProgramName(wchar_t *pn)
{
    if (pn && *pn)
        progname = pn;
}

wchar_t *
Py_GetProgramName(void)
{
    return progname;
}

static wchar_t *default_home = NULL;
static wchar_t env_home[MAXPATHLEN+1];

void
Py_SetPythonHome(wchar_t *home)
{
    default_home = home;
}

wchar_t *
Py_GetPythonHome(void)
{
    wchar_t *home = default_home;
    if (home == NULL && !Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag) {
        char* chome = Py_GETENV("PYTHONHOME");
        if (chome) {
            size_t size = Py_ARRAY_LENGTH(env_home);
            size_t r = mbstowcs(env_home, chome, size);
            if (r != (size_t)-1 && r < size)
                home = env_home;
        }

    }
    return home;
}

/* Create __main__ module */

static void
initmain(PyInterpreterState *interp)
{
    PyObject *m, *d, *loader;
    m = PyImport_AddModule("__main__");
    if (m == NULL)
        Py_FatalError("can't create __main__ module");
    d = PyModule_GetDict(m);
    if (PyDict_GetItemString(d, "__builtins__") == NULL) {
        PyObject *bimod = PyImport_ImportModule("builtins");
        if (bimod == NULL) {
            Py_FatalError("Failed to retrieve builtins module");
        }
        if (PyDict_SetItemString(d, "__builtins__", bimod) < 0) {
            Py_FatalError("Failed to initialize __main__.__builtins__");
        }
        Py_DECREF(bimod);
    }
    /* Main is a little special - imp.is_builtin("__main__") will return
     * False, but BuiltinImporter is still the most appropriate initial
     * setting for its __loader__ attribute. A more suitable value will
     * be set if __main__ gets further initialized later in the startup
     * process.
     */
    loader = PyDict_GetItemString(d, "__loader__");
    if (loader == NULL || loader == Py_None) {
        PyObject *loader = PyObject_GetAttrString(interp->importlib,
                                                  "BuiltinImporter");
        if (loader == NULL) {
            Py_FatalError("Failed to retrieve BuiltinImporter");
        }
        if (PyDict_SetItemString(d, "__loader__", loader) < 0) {
            Py_FatalError("Failed to initialize __main__.__loader__");
        }
        Py_DECREF(loader);
    }
}

static int
initfsencoding(PyInterpreterState *interp)
{
    PyObject *codec;

    if (Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding == NULL)
    {
        Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding = get_locale_encoding();
        if (Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding == NULL)
            Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: Unable to get the locale encoding");

        Py_HasFileSystemDefaultEncoding = 0;
        interp->fscodec_initialized = 1;
        return 0;
    }

    /* the encoding is mbcs, utf-8 or ascii */
    codec = _PyCodec_Lookup(Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding);
    if (!codec) {
        /* Such error can only occurs in critical situations: no more
         * memory, import a module of the standard library failed,
         * etc. */
        return -1;
    }
    Py_DECREF(codec);
    interp->fscodec_initialized = 1;
    return 0;
}

/* Import the site module (not into __main__ though) */

static void
initsite(void)
{
    PyObject *m;
    m = PyImport_ImportModule("site");
    if (m == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to import the site module\n");
        PyErr_Print();
        Py_Finalize();
        exit(1);
    }
    else {
        Py_DECREF(m);
    }
}

/* Check if a file descriptor is valid or not.
   Return 0 if the file descriptor is invalid, return non-zero otherwise. */
static int
is_valid_fd(int fd)
{
    int fd2;
    if (fd < 0 || !_PyVerify_fd(fd))
        return 0;
    _Py_BEGIN_SUPPRESS_IPH
    fd2 = dup(fd);
    if (fd2 >= 0)
        close(fd2);
    _Py_END_SUPPRESS_IPH
    return fd2 >= 0;
}

/* returns Py_None if the fd is not valid */
static PyObject*
create_stdio(PyObject* io,
    int fd, int write_mode, char* name,
    char* encoding, char* errors)
{
    PyObject *buf = NULL, *stream = NULL, *text = NULL, *raw = NULL, *res;
    const char* mode;
    const char* newline;
    PyObject *line_buffering;
    int buffering, isatty;
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(open);
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(isatty);
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(TextIOWrapper);
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(mode);

    if (!is_valid_fd(fd))
        Py_RETURN_NONE;

    /* stdin is always opened in buffered mode, first because it shouldn't
       make a difference in common use cases, second because TextIOWrapper
       depends on the presence of a read1() method which only exists on
       buffered streams.
    */
    if (Py_UnbufferedStdioFlag && write_mode)
        buffering = 0;
    else
        buffering = -1;
    if (write_mode)
        mode = "wb";
    else
        mode = "rb";
    buf = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_open, "isiOOOi",
                                 fd, mode, buffering,
                                 Py_None, Py_None, Py_None, 0);
    if (buf == NULL)
        goto error;

    if (buffering) {
        _Py_IDENTIFIER(raw);
        raw = _PyObject_GetAttrId(buf, &PyId_raw);
        if (raw == NULL)
            goto error;
    }
    else {
        raw = buf;
        Py_INCREF(raw);
    }

    text = PyUnicode_FromString(name);
    if (text == NULL || _PyObject_SetAttrId(raw, &PyId_name, text) < 0)
        goto error;
    res = _PyObject_CallMethodId(raw, &PyId_isatty, "");
    if (res == NULL)
        goto error;
    isatty = PyObject_IsTrue(res);
    Py_DECREF(res);
    if (isatty == -1)
        goto error;
    if (isatty || Py_UnbufferedStdioFlag)
        line_buffering = Py_True;
    else
        line_buffering = Py_False;

    Py_CLEAR(raw);
    Py_CLEAR(text);

#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
    /* sys.stdin: enable universal newline mode, translate "\r\n" and "\r"
       newlines to "\n".
       sys.stdout and sys.stderr: translate "\n" to "\r\n". */
    newline = NULL;
#else
    /* sys.stdin: split lines at "\n".
       sys.stdout and sys.stderr: don't translate newlines (use "\n"). */
    newline = "\n";
#endif

    stream = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_TextIOWrapper, "OsssO",
                                    buf, encoding, errors,
                                    newline, line_buffering);
    Py_CLEAR(buf);
    if (stream == NULL)
        goto error;

    if (write_mode)
        mode = "w";
    else
        mode = "r";
    text = PyUnicode_FromString(mode);
    if (!text || _PyObject_SetAttrId(stream, &PyId_mode, text) < 0)
        goto error;
    Py_CLEAR(text);
    return stream;

error:
    Py_XDECREF(buf);
    Py_XDECREF(stream);
    Py_XDECREF(text);
    Py_XDECREF(raw);

    if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_OSError) && !is_valid_fd(fd)) {
        /* Issue #24891: the file descriptor was closed after the first
           is_valid_fd() check was called. Ignore the OSError and set the
           stream to None. */
        PyErr_Clear();
        Py_RETURN_NONE;
    }
    return NULL;
}

/* Initialize sys.stdin, stdout, stderr and builtins.open */
static int
initstdio(void)
{
    PyObject *iomod = NULL, *wrapper;
    PyObject *bimod = NULL;
    PyObject *m;
    PyObject *std = NULL;
    int status = 0, fd;
    PyObject * encoding_attr;
    char *pythonioencoding = NULL, *encoding, *errors;

    /* Hack to avoid a nasty recursion issue when Python is invoked
       in verbose mode: pre-import the Latin-1 and UTF-8 codecs */
    if ((m = PyImport_ImportModule("encodings.utf_8")) == NULL) {
        goto error;
    }
    Py_DECREF(m);

    if (!(m = PyImport_ImportModule("encodings.latin_1"))) {
        goto error;
    }
    Py_DECREF(m);

    if (!(bimod = PyImport_ImportModule("builtins"))) {
        goto error;
    }

    if (!(iomod = PyImport_ImportModule("io"))) {
        goto error;
    }
    if (!(wrapper = PyObject_GetAttrString(iomod, "OpenWrapper"))) {
        goto error;
    }

    /* Set builtins.open */
    if (PyObject_SetAttrString(bimod, "open", wrapper) == -1) {
        Py_DECREF(wrapper);
        goto error;
    }
    Py_DECREF(wrapper);

    encoding = _Py_StandardStreamEncoding;
    errors = _Py_StandardStreamErrors;
    if (!encoding || !errors) {
        if (!errors) {
            /* When the LC_CTYPE locale is the POSIX locale ("C locale"),
               stdin and stdout use the surrogateescape error handler by
               default, instead of the strict error handler. */
            char *loc = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
            if (loc != NULL && strcmp(loc, "C") == 0)
                errors = "surrogateescape";
        }

        pythonioencoding = Py_GETENV("PYTHONIOENCODING");
        if (pythonioencoding) {
            char *err;
            pythonioencoding = _PyMem_Strdup(pythonioencoding);
            if (pythonioencoding == NULL) {
                PyErr_NoMemory();
                goto error;
            }
            err = strchr(pythonioencoding, ':');
            if (err) {
                *err = '\0';
                err++;
                if (*err && !_Py_StandardStreamErrors) {
                    errors = err;
                }
            }
            if (*pythonioencoding && !encoding) {
                encoding = pythonioencoding;
            }
        }
    }

    /* Set sys.stdin */
    fd = fileno(stdin);
    /* Under some conditions stdin, stdout and stderr may not be connected
     * and fileno() may point to an invalid file descriptor. For example
     * GUI apps don't have valid standard streams by default.
     */
    std = create_stdio(iomod, fd, 0, "<stdin>", encoding, errors);
    if (std == NULL)
        goto error;
    PySys_SetObject("__stdin__", std);
    _PySys_SetObjectId(&PyId_stdin, std);
    Py_DECREF(std);

    /* Set sys.stdout */
    fd = fileno(stdout);
    std = create_stdio(iomod, fd, 1, "<stdout>", encoding, errors);
    if (std == NULL)
        goto error;
    PySys_SetObject("__stdout__", std);
    _PySys_SetObjectId(&PyId_stdout, std);
    Py_DECREF(std);

#if 1 /* Disable this if you have trouble debugging bootstrap stuff */
    /* Set sys.stderr, replaces the preliminary stderr */
    fd = fileno(stderr);
    std = create_stdio(iomod, fd, 1, "<stderr>", encoding, "backslashreplace");
    if (std == NULL)
        goto error;

    /* Same as hack above, pre-import stderr's codec to avoid recursion
       when import.c tries to write to stderr in verbose mode. */
    encoding_attr = PyObject_GetAttrString(std, "encoding");
    if (encoding_attr != NULL) {
        const char * std_encoding;
        std_encoding = _PyUnicode_AsString(encoding_attr);
        if (std_encoding != NULL) {
            PyObject *codec_info = _PyCodec_Lookup(std_encoding);
            Py_XDECREF(codec_info);
        }
        Py_DECREF(encoding_attr);
    }
    PyErr_Clear();  /* Not a fatal error if codec isn't available */

    if (PySys_SetObject("__stderr__", std) < 0) {
        Py_DECREF(std);
        goto error;
    }
    if (_PySys_SetObjectId(&PyId_stderr, std) < 0) {
        Py_DECREF(std);
        goto error;
    }
    Py_DECREF(std);
#endif

    if (0) {
  error:
        status = -1;
    }

    /* We won't need them anymore. */
    if (_Py_StandardStreamEncoding) {
        PyMem_RawFree(_Py_StandardStreamEncoding);
        _Py_StandardStreamEncoding = NULL;
    }
    if (_Py_StandardStreamErrors) {
        PyMem_RawFree(_Py_StandardStreamErrors);
        _Py_StandardStreamErrors = NULL;
    }
    PyMem_Free(pythonioencoding);
    Py_XDECREF(bimod);
    Py_XDECREF(iomod);
    return status;
}


/* Print the current exception (if an exception is set) with its traceback,
 * or display the current Python stack.
 *
 * Don't call PyErr_PrintEx() and the except hook, because Py_FatalError() is
 * called on catastrophic cases. */

static void
_Py_PrintFatalError(int fd)
{
    PyObject *ferr, *res;
    PyObject *exception, *v, *tb;
    int has_tb;
    PyThreadState *tstate;

    PyErr_Fetch(&exception, &v, &tb);
    if (exception == NULL) {
        /* No current exception */
        goto display_stack;
    }

    ferr = _PySys_GetObjectId(&PyId_stderr);
    if (ferr == NULL || ferr == Py_None) {
        /* sys.stderr is not set yet or set to None,
           no need to try to display the exception */
        goto display_stack;
    }

    PyErr_NormalizeException(&exception, &v, &tb);
    if (tb == NULL) {
        tb = Py_None;
        Py_INCREF(tb);
    }
    PyException_SetTraceback(v, tb);
    if (exception == NULL) {
        /* PyErr_NormalizeException() failed */
        goto display_stack;
    }

    has_tb = (tb != Py_None);
    PyErr_Display(exception, v, tb);
    Py_XDECREF(exception);
    Py_XDECREF(v);
    Py_XDECREF(tb);

    /* sys.stderr may be buffered: call sys.stderr.flush() */
    res = _PyObject_CallMethodId(ferr, &PyId_flush, "");
    if (res == NULL)
        PyErr_Clear();
    else
        Py_DECREF(res);

    if (has_tb)
        return;

display_stack:
#ifdef WITH_THREAD
    /* PyGILState_GetThisThreadState() works even if the GIL was released */
    tstate = PyGILState_GetThisThreadState();
#else
    tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
#endif
    if (tstate == NULL) {
        /* _Py_DumpTracebackThreads() requires the thread state to display
         * frames */
        return;
    }

    fputc('\n', stderr);
    fflush(stderr);

    /* display the current Python stack */
    _Py_DumpTracebackThreads(fd, tstate->interp, tstate);
}
/* Print fatal error message and abort */

void
Py_FatalError(const char *msg)
{
    const int fd = fileno(stderr);
    static int reentrant = 0;
#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
    size_t len;
    WCHAR* buffer;
    size_t i;
#endif

    if (reentrant) {
        /* Py_FatalError() caused a second fatal error.
           Example: flush_std_files() raises a recursion error. */
        goto exit;
    }
    reentrant = 1;

    fprintf(stderr, "Fatal Python error: %s\n", msg);
    fflush(stderr); /* it helps in Windows debug build */

    /* Print the exception (if an exception is set) with its traceback,
     * or display the current Python stack. */
    _Py_PrintFatalError(fd);

    /* Flush sys.stdout and sys.stderr */
    flush_std_files();

    /* The main purpose of faulthandler is to display the traceback. We already
     * did our best to display it. So faulthandler can now be disabled.
     * (Don't trigger it on abort().) */
    _PyFaulthandler_Fini();

#ifdef MS_WINDOWS
    len = strlen(msg);

    /* Convert the message to wchar_t. This uses a simple one-to-one
    conversion, assuming that the this error message actually uses ASCII
    only. If this ceases to be true, we will have to convert. */
    buffer = alloca( (len+1) * (sizeof *buffer));
    for( i=0; i<=len; ++i)
        buffer[i] = msg[i];
    OutputDebugStringW(L"Fatal Python error: ");
    OutputDebugStringW(buffer);
    OutputDebugStringW(L"\n");
#endif /* MS_WINDOWS */

exit:
#if defined(MS_WINDOWS) && defined(_DEBUG)
    DebugBreak();
#endif
    abort();
}

/* Clean up and exit */

#ifdef WITH_THREAD
#include "pythread.h"
#endif

static void (*pyexitfunc)(void) = NULL;
/* For the atexit module. */
void _Py_PyAtExit(void (*func)(void))
{
    pyexitfunc = func;
}

static void
call_py_exitfuncs(void)
{
    if (pyexitfunc == NULL)
        return;

    (*pyexitfunc)();
    PyErr_Clear();
}

/* Wait until threading._shutdown completes, provided
   the threading module was imported in the first place.
   The shutdown routine will wait until all non-daemon
   "threading" threads have completed. */
static void
wait_for_thread_shutdown(void)
{
#ifdef WITH_THREAD
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(_shutdown);
    PyObject *result;
    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
    PyObject *threading = PyMapping_GetItemString(tstate->interp->modules,
                                                  "threading");
    if (threading == NULL) {
        /* threading not imported */
        PyErr_Clear();
        return;
    }
    result = _PyObject_CallMethodId(threading, &PyId__shutdown, "");
    if (result == NULL) {
        PyErr_WriteUnraisable(threading);
    }
    else {
        Py_DECREF(result);
    }
    Py_DECREF(threading);
#endif
}

#define NEXITFUNCS 32
static void (*exitfuncs[NEXITFUNCS])(void);
static int nexitfuncs = 0;

int Py_AtExit(void (*func)(void))
{
    if (nexitfuncs >= NEXITFUNCS)
        return -1;
    exitfuncs[nexitfuncs++] = func;
    return 0;
}

static void
call_ll_exitfuncs(void)
{
    while (nexitfuncs > 0)
        (*exitfuncs[--nexitfuncs])();

    fflush(stdout);
    fflush(stderr);
}

void
Py_Exit(int sts)
{
    Py_Finalize();

    exit(sts);
}

static void
initsigs(void)
{
#ifdef SIGPIPE
    PyOS_setsig(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif
#ifdef SIGXFZ
    PyOS_setsig(SIGXFZ, SIG_IGN);
#endif
#ifdef SIGXFSZ
    PyOS_setsig(SIGXFSZ, SIG_IGN);
#endif
    PyOS_InitInterrupts(); /* May imply initsignal() */
    if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
        Py_FatalError("Py_Initialize: can't import signal");
    }
}


/* Restore signals that the interpreter has called SIG_IGN on to SIG_DFL.
 *
 * All of the code in this function must only use async-signal-safe functions,
 * listed at `man 7 signal` or
 * http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/xsh_chap02_04.html.
 */
void
_Py_RestoreSignals(void)
{
#ifdef SIGPIPE
    PyOS_setsig(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
#endif
#ifdef SIGXFZ
    PyOS_setsig(SIGXFZ, SIG_DFL);
#endif
#ifdef SIGXFSZ
    PyOS_setsig(SIGXFSZ, SIG_DFL);
#endif
}


/*
 * The file descriptor fd is considered ``interactive'' if either
 *   a) isatty(fd) is TRUE, or
 *   b) the -i flag was given, and the filename associated with
 *      the descriptor is NULL or "<stdin>" or "???".
 */
int
Py_FdIsInteractive(FILE *fp, const char *filename)
{
    if (isatty((int)fileno(fp)))
        return 1;
    if (!Py_InteractiveFlag)
        return 0;
    return (filename == NULL) ||
           (strcmp(filename, "<stdin>") == 0) ||
           (strcmp(filename, "???") == 0);
}


/* Wrappers around sigaction() or signal(). */

PyOS_sighandler_t
PyOS_getsig(int sig)
{
#ifdef HAVE_SIGACTION
    struct sigaction context;
    if (sigaction(sig, NULL, &context) == -1)
        return SIG_ERR;
    return context.sa_handler;
#else
    PyOS_sighandler_t handler;
/* Special signal handling for the secure CRT in Visual Studio 2005 */
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400
    switch (sig) {
    /* Only these signals are valid */
    case SIGINT:
    case SIGILL:
    case SIGFPE:
    case SIGSEGV:
    case SIGTERM:
    case SIGBREAK:
    case SIGABRT:
        break;
    /* Don't call signal() with other values or it will assert */
    default:
        return SIG_ERR;
    }
#endif /* _MSC_VER && _MSC_VER >= 1400 */
    handler = signal(sig, SIG_IGN);
    if (handler != SIG_ERR)
        signal(sig, handler);
    return handler;
#endif
}

/*
 * All of the code in this function must only use async-signal-safe functions,
 * listed at `man 7 signal` or
 * http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/xsh_chap02_04.html.
 */
PyOS_sighandler_t
PyOS_setsig(int sig, PyOS_sighandler_t handler)
{
#ifdef HAVE_SIGACTION
    /* Some code in Modules/signalmodule.c depends on sigaction() being
     * used here if HAVE_SIGACTION is defined.  Fix that if this code
     * changes to invalidate that assumption.
     */
    struct sigaction context, ocontext;
    context.sa_handler = handler;
    sigemptyset(&context.sa_mask);
    context.sa_flags = 0;
    if (sigaction(sig, &context, &ocontext) == -1)
        return SIG_ERR;
    return ocontext.sa_handler;
#else
    PyOS_sighandler_t oldhandler;
    oldhandler = signal(sig, handler);
#ifdef HAVE_SIGINTERRUPT
    siginterrupt(sig, 1);
#endif
    return oldhandler;
#endif
}

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
generated by cgit v0.12 at 2025-10-08 16:08:41 (GMT)