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+// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
+
+// Google Test - The Google C++ Testing Framework
+//
+// This file implements a universal value printer that can print a
+// value of any type T:
+//
+// void ::testing::internal::UniversalPrinter<T>::Print(value, ostream_ptr);
+//
+// It uses the << operator when possible, and prints the bytes in the
+// object otherwise. A user can override its behavior for a class
+// type Foo by defining either operator<<(::std::ostream&, const Foo&)
+// or void PrintTo(const Foo&, ::std::ostream*) in the namespace that
+// defines Foo.
+
+#include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <cwchar>
+#include <ostream> // NOLINT
+#include <string>
+#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
+
+namespace testing {
+
+namespace {
+
+using ::std::ostream;
+
+// Prints a segment of bytes in the given object.
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
+void PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(const unsigned char* obj_bytes, size_t start,
+ size_t count, ostream* os) {
+ char text[5] = "";
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != count; i++) {
+ const size_t j = start + i;
+ if (i != 0) {
+ // Organizes the bytes into groups of 2 for easy parsing by
+ // human.
+ if ((j % 2) == 0)
+ *os << ' ';
+ else
+ *os << '-';
+ }
+ GTEST_SNPRINTF_(text, sizeof(text), "%02X", obj_bytes[j]);
+ *os << text;
+ }
+}
+
+// Prints the bytes in the given value to the given ostream.
+void PrintBytesInObjectToImpl(const unsigned char* obj_bytes, size_t count,
+ ostream* os) {
+ // Tells the user how big the object is.
+ *os << count << "-byte object <";
+
+ const size_t kThreshold = 132;
+ const size_t kChunkSize = 64;
+ // If the object size is bigger than kThreshold, we'll have to omit
+ // some details by printing only the first and the last kChunkSize
+ // bytes.
+ // TODO(wan): let the user control the threshold using a flag.
+ if (count < kThreshold) {
+ PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(obj_bytes, 0, count, os);
+ } else {
+ PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(obj_bytes, 0, kChunkSize, os);
+ *os << " ... ";
+ // Rounds up to 2-byte boundary.
+ const size_t resume_pos = (count - kChunkSize + 1)/2*2;
+ PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(obj_bytes, resume_pos, count - resume_pos, os);
+ }
+ *os << ">";
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+namespace internal2 {
+
+// Delegates to PrintBytesInObjectToImpl() to print the bytes in the
+// given object. The delegation simplifies the implementation, which
+// uses the << operator and thus is easier done outside of the
+// ::testing::internal namespace, which contains a << operator that
+// sometimes conflicts with the one in STL.
+void PrintBytesInObjectTo(const unsigned char* obj_bytes, size_t count,
+ ostream* os) {
+ PrintBytesInObjectToImpl(obj_bytes, count, os);
+}
+
+} // namespace internal2
+
+namespace internal {
+
+// Depending on the value of a char (or wchar_t), we print it in one
+// of three formats:
+// - as is if it's a printable ASCII (e.g. 'a', '2', ' '),
+// - as a hexidecimal escape sequence (e.g. '\x7F'), or
+// - as a special escape sequence (e.g. '\r', '\n').
+enum CharFormat {
+ kAsIs,
+ kHexEscape,
+ kSpecialEscape
+};
+
+// Returns true if c is a printable ASCII character. We test the
+// value of c directly instead of calling isprint(), which is buggy on
+// Windows Mobile.
+inline bool IsPrintableAscii(wchar_t c) {
+ return 0x20 <= c && c <= 0x7E;
+}
+
+// Prints a wide or narrow char c as a character literal without the
+// quotes, escaping it when necessary; returns how c was formatted.
+// The template argument UnsignedChar is the unsigned version of Char,
+// which is the type of c.
+template <typename UnsignedChar, typename Char>
+static CharFormat PrintAsCharLiteralTo(Char c, ostream* os) {
+ switch (static_cast<wchar_t>(c)) {
+ case L'\0':
+ *os << "\\0";
+ break;
+ case L'\'':
+ *os << "\\'";
+ break;
+ case L'\\':
+ *os << "\\\\";
+ break;
+ case L'\a':
+ *os << "\\a";
+ break;
+ case L'\b':
+ *os << "\\b";
+ break;
+ case L'\f':
+ *os << "\\f";
+ break;
+ case L'\n':
+ *os << "\\n";
+ break;
+ case L'\r':
+ *os << "\\r";
+ break;
+ case L'\t':
+ *os << "\\t";
+ break;
+ case L'\v':
+ *os << "\\v";
+ break;
+ default:
+ if (IsPrintableAscii(c)) {
+ *os << static_cast<char>(c);
+ return kAsIs;
+ } else {
+ *os << "\\x" + String::FormatHexInt(static_cast<UnsignedChar>(c));
+ return kHexEscape;
+ }
+ }
+ return kSpecialEscape;
+}
+
+// Prints a wchar_t c as if it's part of a string literal, escaping it when
+// necessary; returns how c was formatted.
+static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(wchar_t c, ostream* os) {
+ switch (c) {
+ case L'\'':
+ *os << "'";
+ return kAsIs;
+ case L'"':
+ *os << "\\\"";
+ return kSpecialEscape;
+ default:
+ return PrintAsCharLiteralTo<wchar_t>(c, os);
+ }
+}
+
+// Prints a char c as if it's part of a string literal, escaping it when
+// necessary; returns how c was formatted.
+static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char c, ostream* os) {
+ return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(
+ static_cast<wchar_t>(static_cast<unsigned char>(c)), os);
+}
+
+// Prints a wide or narrow character c and its code. '\0' is printed
+// as "'\\0'", other unprintable characters are also properly escaped
+// using the standard C++ escape sequence. The template argument
+// UnsignedChar is the unsigned version of Char, which is the type of c.
+template <typename UnsignedChar, typename Char>
+void PrintCharAndCodeTo(Char c, ostream* os) {
+ // First, print c as a literal in the most readable form we can find.
+ *os << ((sizeof(c) > 1) ? "L'" : "'");
+ const CharFormat format = PrintAsCharLiteralTo<UnsignedChar>(c, os);
+ *os << "'";
+
+ // To aid user debugging, we also print c's code in decimal, unless
+ // it's 0 (in which case c was printed as '\\0', making the code
+ // obvious).
+ if (c == 0)
+ return;
+ *os << " (" << static_cast<int>(c);
+
+ // For more convenience, we print c's code again in hexidecimal,
+ // unless c was already printed in the form '\x##' or the code is in
+ // [1, 9].
+ if (format == kHexEscape || (1 <= c && c <= 9)) {
+ // Do nothing.
+ } else {
+ *os << ", 0x" << String::FormatHexInt(static_cast<UnsignedChar>(c));
+ }
+ *os << ")";
+}
+
+void PrintTo(unsigned char c, ::std::ostream* os) {
+ PrintCharAndCodeTo<unsigned char>(c, os);
+}
+void PrintTo(signed char c, ::std::ostream* os) {
+ PrintCharAndCodeTo<unsigned char>(c, os);
+}
+
+// Prints a wchar_t as a symbol if it is printable or as its internal
+// code otherwise and also as its code. L'\0' is printed as "L'\\0'".
+void PrintTo(wchar_t wc, ostream* os) {
+ PrintCharAndCodeTo<wchar_t>(wc, os);
+}
+
+// Prints the given array of characters to the ostream. CharType must be either
+// char or wchar_t.
+// The array starts at begin, the length is len, it may include '\0' characters
+// and may not be NUL-terminated.
+template <typename CharType>
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
+static void PrintCharsAsStringTo(
+ const CharType* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
+ const char* const kQuoteBegin = sizeof(CharType) == 1 ? "\"" : "L\"";
+ *os << kQuoteBegin;
+ bool is_previous_hex = false;
+ for (size_t index = 0; index < len; ++index) {
+ const CharType cur = begin[index];
+ if (is_previous_hex && IsXDigit(cur)) {
+ // Previous character is of '\x..' form and this character can be
+ // interpreted as another hexadecimal digit in its number. Break string to
+ // disambiguate.
+ *os << "\" " << kQuoteBegin;
+ }
+ is_previous_hex = PrintAsStringLiteralTo(cur, os) == kHexEscape;
+ }
+ *os << "\"";
+}
+
+// Prints a (const) char/wchar_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
+// 'begin'. CharType must be either char or wchar_t.
+template <typename CharType>
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
+static void UniversalPrintCharArray(
+ const CharType* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
+ // The code
+ // const char kFoo[] = "foo";
+ // generates an array of 4, not 3, elements, with the last one being '\0'.
+ //
+ // Therefore when printing a char array, we don't print the last element if
+ // it's '\0', such that the output matches the string literal as it's
+ // written in the source code.
+ if (len > 0 && begin[len - 1] == '\0') {
+ PrintCharsAsStringTo(begin, len - 1, os);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // If, however, the last element in the array is not '\0', e.g.
+ // const char kFoo[] = { 'f', 'o', 'o' };
+ // we must print the entire array. We also print a message to indicate
+ // that the array is not NUL-terminated.
+ PrintCharsAsStringTo(begin, len, os);
+ *os << " (no terminating NUL)";
+}
+
+// Prints a (const) char array of 'len' elements, starting at address 'begin'.
+void UniversalPrintArray(const char* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
+ UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
+}
+
+// Prints a (const) wchar_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
+// 'begin'.
+void UniversalPrintArray(const wchar_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
+ UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
+}
+
+// Prints the given C string to the ostream.
+void PrintTo(const char* s, ostream* os) {
+ if (s == NULL) {
+ *os << "NULL";
+ } else {
+ *os << ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s) << " pointing to ";
+ PrintCharsAsStringTo(s, strlen(s), os);
+ }
+}
+
+// MSVC compiler can be configured to define whar_t as a typedef
+// of unsigned short. Defining an overload for const wchar_t* in that case
+// would cause pointers to unsigned shorts be printed as wide strings,
+// possibly accessing more memory than intended and causing invalid
+// memory accesses. MSVC defines _NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED symbol when
+// wchar_t is implemented as a native type.
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED)
+// Prints the given wide C string to the ostream.
+void PrintTo(const wchar_t* s, ostream* os) {
+ if (s == NULL) {
+ *os << "NULL";
+ } else {
+ *os << ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s) << " pointing to ";
+ PrintCharsAsStringTo(s, std::wcslen(s), os);
+ }
+}
+#endif // wchar_t is native
+
+// Prints a ::string object.
+#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
+void PrintStringTo(const ::string& s, ostream* os) {
+ PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+}
+#endif // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
+
+void PrintStringTo(const ::std::string& s, ostream* os) {
+ PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+}
+
+// Prints a ::wstring object.
+#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
+void PrintWideStringTo(const ::wstring& s, ostream* os) {
+ PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+}
+#endif // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
+void PrintWideStringTo(const ::std::wstring& s, ostream* os) {
+ PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+}
+#endif // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
+
+} // namespace internal
+
+} // namespace testing
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