summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/tools/lib/h5tools_str.c
blob: fdd88ed8f76e56f715eb02bec807abfb358440f5 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
 * Copyright by The HDF Group.                                               *
 * Copyright by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois.         *
 * All rights reserved.                                                      *
 *                                                                           *
 * This file is part of HDF5.  The full HDF5 copyright notice, including     *
 * terms governing use, modification, and redistribution, is contained in    *
 * the COPYING file, which can be found at the root of the source code       *
 * distribution tree, or in https://support.hdfgroup.org/ftp/HDF5/releases.  *
 * If you do not have access to either file, you may request a copy from     *
 * help@hdfgroup.org.                                                        *
 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */

/*
 * Purpose: These are string functions for us to use and abuse.
 */
#include "H5private.h"
#include "h5tools.h"            /* for h5tool_format_t structure */
#include "h5tools_ref.h"
#include "h5tools_str.h"        /* function prototypes */

/*
 * If REPEAT_VERBOSE is defined then character strings will be printed so
 * that repeated character sequences like "AAAAAAAAAA" are displayed as
 *
 *  'A' repeats 9 times
 *
 * Otherwise the format is more Perl-like
 *
 *  'A'*10
 *
 */
#define REPEAT_VERBOSE

/* Variable length string datatype */
#define STR_INIT_LEN    4096    /*initial length            */

static char    *h5tools_escape(char *s, size_t size);
static hbool_t  h5tools_str_is_zero(const void *_mem, size_t size);
static void     h5tools_print_char(h5tools_str_t *str, const h5tool_format_t *info, char ch);
void            h5tools_str_indent(h5tools_str_t *str, const h5tool_format_t *info, h5tools_context_t *ctx);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_close
 *
 * Purpose: Closes a string by releasing it's memory and setting the size
 *          information to zero.
 *
 * Return:  void
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Monday, April 26, 1999
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
void
h5tools_str_close(h5tools_str_t *str)
{
    if (str && str->nalloc) {
        HDfree(str->s);
        HDmemset(str, 0, sizeof(h5tools_str_t));
    }
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_len
 *
 * Purpose: Returns the length of the string, not counting the null
 *          terminator.
 *
 * Return:  Success:    Length of string
 *
 *          Failure:    0
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Monday, April 26, 1999
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
size_t
h5tools_str_len(h5tools_str_t *str)
{
    return str->len;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_append
 *
 * Purpose: Formats variable arguments according to printf() format
 *          string and appends the result to variable length string STR.
 *
 * Return:  Success:    Pointer to buffer containing result.
 *
 *          Failure:    NULL
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Monday, April 26, 1999
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
char *
h5tools_str_append(h5tools_str_t *str/*in,out*/, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list    ap;

    /* Make sure we have some memory into which to print */
    if(!str->s || str->nalloc <= 0)
        h5tools_str_reset(str);

    if(HDstrlen(fmt) == 0)
        /* nothing to print */
        return str->s;

    /* Format the arguments and append to the value already in `str' */
    while(1) {
        /* How many bytes available for new value, counting the new NUL */
        int    nchars = -1;
        size_t avail = str->nalloc - str->len;

        HDva_start(ap, fmt);
        nchars = HDvsnprintf(str->s + str->len, avail, fmt, ap);
        HDva_end(ap);

        /* Note: HDvsnprintf() behaves differently on Windows as Unix, when
         * buffer is smaller than source string. On Unix, this function
         * returns length of the source string and copy string upto the
         * buffer size with NULL at the end of the buffer. However on
         * Windows with the same condition, this function returns -1 and
         * doesn't add NULL at the end of the buffer.
         * Because of this different return results, the strlen of the new string
         * is used to handle when HDvsnprintf() returns -1 on Windows due
         * to lack of buffer size, so try one more time after realloc more
         * buffer size before return NULL.
         */
        if(nchars < 0)
            /* failure, such as bad format */
            return NULL;

        if((size_t) nchars >= avail || (0 == nchars && (HDstrcmp(fmt, "%s")))) {
            /* Truncation return value as documented by C99, or zero return value with either of the
             * following conditions, each of which indicates that the proper C99 return value probably
             *  should have been positive when the format string is
             *  something other than "%s"
             * Alocate at least twice as much space and try again.
             */
            size_t newsize = MAX(str->len + (size_t)nchars + 1, 2 * str->nalloc);
            HDassert(newsize > str->nalloc); /*overflow*/
            str->s = (char*)HDrealloc(str->s, newsize);
            HDassert(str->s);
            str->nalloc = newsize;
        }
        else {
            /* Success */
            str->len += (size_t)nchars;
            break;
        }
    }
    return str->s;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_reset
 *
 * Purpose: Reset the string to the empty value. If no memory is
 *          allocated yet then initialize the h5tools_str_t struct.
 *
 * Return:  Success:    Ptr to the buffer which contains a null
 *                      character as the first element.
 *
 *          Failure:    NULL
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Monday, April 26, 1999
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
char *
h5tools_str_reset(h5tools_str_t *str/*in,out*/)
{
    if(!str->s || str->nalloc <= 0) {
        str->nalloc = STR_INIT_LEN;
        str->s = (char*)HDmalloc(str->nalloc);
        HDassert(str->s);
    }

    str->s[0] = '\0';
    str->len = 0;
    return str->s;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_trunc
 *
 * Purpose: Truncate a string to be at most SIZE characters.
 *
 * Return:  Success:    Pointer to the string
 *
 *          Failure:    NULL
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Monday, April 26, 1999
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
char *
h5tools_str_trunc(h5tools_str_t *str/*in,out*/, size_t size)
{
    if(size < str->len) {
        str->len = size;
        str->s[size] = '\0';
    }

    return str->s;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_fmt
 *
 * Purpose: Reformat a string contents beginning at character START
 *          according to printf format FMT. FMT should contain no format
 *          specifiers except possibly the `%s' variety. For example, if
 *          the input string is `hello' and the format is "<<%s>>" then
 *          the output value will be "<<hello>>".
 *
 * Return:  Success:    A pointer to the resulting string.
 *
 *          Failure:    NULL
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Monday, April 26, 1999
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
char *
h5tools_str_fmt(h5tools_str_t *str/*in,out*/, size_t start, const char *fmt)
{
    char    _temp[1024], *temp = _temp;

    HDassert(str);
    HDassert(fmt);

    /* If the format string is simply "%s" then don't bother doing anything */
    if(!HDstrcmp(fmt, "%s"))
        return str->s;

    /*
     * Save the input value if there is a `%' anywhere in FMT.  Otherwise
     * don't bother because we don't need a temporary copy.
     */
    if(HDstrchr(fmt, '%')) {
        size_t n = sizeof(_temp);
        if(str->len - start + 1 > n) {
            n = str->len - start + 1;
            temp = (char*)HDmalloc(n);
            HDassert(temp);
        }

        HDstrncpy(temp, str->s + start, n);
    }

    /* Reset the output string and append a formatted version */
    h5tools_str_trunc(str, start);
    h5tools_str_append(str, fmt, temp);

    /* Free the temp buffer if we allocated one */
    if(temp != _temp)
        HDfree(temp);

    return str->s;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_prefix
 *
 * Purpose: Renders the line prefix value into string STR.
 *
 * Return:  Success:    Pointer to the prefix.
 *
 *          Failure:    NULL
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Thursday, July 23, 1998
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
char *
h5tools_str_prefix(h5tools_str_t *str/*in,out*/, const h5tool_format_t *info,
    hsize_t elmtno, unsigned ndims, h5tools_context_t *ctx)
{
    size_t    i = 0;
    hsize_t   curr_pos = elmtno;

    h5tools_str_reset(str);

    if(ndims > 0) {
        /*
         * Calculate the number of elements represented by a unit change in a
         * certain index position.
         */
        for(i = 0; i < (size_t) ndims; i++) {
            ctx->pos[i] = curr_pos / ctx->acc[i];
            curr_pos -= ctx->acc[i] * ctx->pos[i];
        }
        HDassert(curr_pos == 0);

        /* Print the index values */
        for(i = 0; i < (size_t) ndims; i++) {
            if (i)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->idx_sep, ","));

            h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->idx_n_fmt, HSIZE_T_FORMAT),
                    (hsize_t) ctx->pos[i]);

        }
    }
    else        /* Scalar */
        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->idx_n_fmt, HSIZE_T_FORMAT), (hsize_t) 0);

    /* Add prefix and suffix to the index */
    return h5tools_str_fmt(str, (size_t)0, OPT(info->idx_fmt, "%s: "));
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_region_prefix
 *
 * Purpose: Renders the line prefix value into string STR. Region reference specific.
 *
 * Return:  Success:    Pointer to the prefix.
 *          Failure:    NULL
 *
 * In/Out:
 *      h5tools_context_t *ctx
 *      h5tools_str_t     *str
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
char *
h5tools_str_region_prefix(h5tools_str_t *str, const h5tool_format_t *info,
        hsize_t elmtno, hsize_t *ptdata, unsigned ndims, hsize_t max_idx[],
        h5tools_context_t *ctx)
{
    size_t    i = 0;
    hsize_t   curr_pos = elmtno;
    hsize_t   p_prod[H5S_MAX_RANK];

    h5tools_str_reset(str);

    if(ndims > 0) {
        /*
         * Calculate the number of elements represented by a unit change in a
         * certain index position.
         */
        for(i = ndims - 1, p_prod[ndims - 1] = 1; i > 0; --i)
            p_prod[i - 1] = (max_idx[i]) * p_prod[i];

        for(i = 0; i < (size_t) ndims; i++) {
            if(curr_pos > 0) {
                ctx->pos[i] = curr_pos / p_prod[i];
                curr_pos -= p_prod[i] * ctx->pos[i];
            }
            else
                ctx->pos[i] = 0;
            ctx->pos[i] += (unsigned long) ptdata[ctx->sm_pos+i];
        }

        /* Print the index values */
        for(i = 0; i < (size_t) ndims; i++) {
            if(i)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->idx_sep, ","));

            h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->idx_n_fmt, HSIZE_T_FORMAT), (hsize_t) ctx->pos[i]);

        }
    } /* if (ndims > 0) */
    else        /* Scalar */
        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->idx_n_fmt, HSIZE_T_FORMAT), (hsize_t) 0);

    /* Add prefix and suffix to the index */
    return h5tools_str_fmt(str, (size_t)0, OPT(info->idx_fmt, "%s: "));
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_dump_space_blocks
 *
 * Purpose: Prints information about a dataspace selection by appending
 *          the information to the specified string.
 *
 * Return:  none
 *
 * In/Out:
 *      h5tools_str_t     *str
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
void
h5tools_str_dump_space_blocks(h5tools_str_t *str, hid_t rspace,
        const h5tool_format_t *info)
{
    hssize_t   snblocks;

    /*
     * This function fails if the rspace does not have blocks.
     */
    H5E_BEGIN_TRY {
        snblocks = H5Sget_select_hyper_nblocks(rspace);
    } H5E_END_TRY;

    /* Print block information */
    if(snblocks > 0) {
        hsize_t    alloc_size;
        hsize_t    nblocks;
        hsize_t   *ptdata;
        hsize_t    u;
        unsigned   ndims = (unsigned)H5Sget_simple_extent_ndims(rspace);

        nblocks = (hsize_t)snblocks;
        alloc_size = nblocks * ndims * 2 * sizeof(ptdata[0]);
        HDassert(alloc_size == (hsize_t) ((size_t) alloc_size)); /*check for overflow*/
        ptdata = (hsize_t *)HDmalloc((size_t) alloc_size);
        H5Sget_select_hyper_blocklist(rspace, (hsize_t)0, nblocks, ptdata);

        for(u = 0; u < nblocks; u++) {
            unsigned v;

            h5tools_str_append(str, info->dset_blockformat_pre, u ? "," OPTIONAL_LINE_BREAK " " : "", (unsigned long)u);

            /* Start coordinates and opposite corner */
            for(v = 0; v < ndims; v++)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s" HSIZE_T_FORMAT, v ? "," : "(",
                                    ptdata[u * 2 * ndims + v]);

            for(v = 0; v < ndims; v++)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s" HSIZE_T_FORMAT, v ? "," : ")-(",
                                    ptdata[u * 2 * ndims + v + ndims]);

            h5tools_str_append(str, ")");
        }

        HDfree(ptdata);
    } /* end if (nblocks > 0) */
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_dump_space_points
 *
 * Purpose: Prints information about a dataspace selection by appending
 *          the information to the specified string.
 *
 * Return:  none
 *
 * In/Out:  h5tools_str_t     *str
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
void
h5tools_str_dump_space_points(h5tools_str_t *str, hid_t rspace,
        const h5tool_format_t *info)
{
    hssize_t   snpoints;

    /*
     * This function fails if the rspace does not have points.
     */
    H5E_BEGIN_TRY {
        snpoints = H5Sget_select_elem_npoints(rspace);
    } H5E_END_TRY;

    /* Print point information */
    if (snpoints > 0) {
        hsize_t    alloc_size;
        hsize_t    npoints;
        hsize_t   *ptdata;
        hsize_t    u;
        unsigned   ndims = (unsigned)H5Sget_simple_extent_ndims(rspace);

        npoints = (hsize_t)snpoints;
        alloc_size = npoints * ndims * sizeof(ptdata[0]);
        HDassert(alloc_size == (hsize_t) ((size_t) alloc_size)); /*check for overflow*/
        ptdata = (hsize_t *)HDmalloc((size_t) alloc_size);
        H5Sget_select_elem_pointlist(rspace, (hsize_t)0, npoints, ptdata);

        for(u = 0; u < npoints; u++) {
            unsigned v;

            h5tools_str_append(str, info->dset_ptformat_pre, u ? "," OPTIONAL_LINE_BREAK " " : "",
                               (unsigned long)u);

            for(v = 0; v < ndims; v++)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s" HSIZE_T_FORMAT, v ? "," : "(",
                                  (ptdata[u * ndims + v]));

            h5tools_str_append(str, ")");
        }

        HDfree(ptdata);
    } /* end if (npoints > 0) */
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_print_char
 *
 * Purpose: Shove a character into the STR.
 *
 * Return:  Nothing
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static void
h5tools_print_char(h5tools_str_t *str, const h5tool_format_t *info, char ch)
{
    if(info->str_locale == ESCAPE_HTML) {
        if(ch <= ' ' || ch > '~')
            h5tools_str_append(str, "%%%02x", ch);
        else
            h5tools_str_append(str, "%c", ch);
    }
    else {
        switch(ch) {
        case '"':
            if(!info->do_escape)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\"");
            else
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\\"");
            break;
        case '\\':
            if (!info->do_escape)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\");
            else
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\\\");
            break;
        case '\b':
            if(!info->do_escape)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\b");
            else
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\b");
            break;
        case '\f':
            if(!info->do_escape)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\f");
            else
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\f");
            break;
        case '\n':
            if(!info->do_escape) {
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\n");
                h5tools_str_append(str, "           ");
            }
            else
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\n");
            break;
        case '\r':
            if(!info->do_escape) {
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\r");
                h5tools_str_append(str, "           ");
            }
            else
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\r");
            break;
        case '\t':
            if(!info->do_escape)
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\t");
            else
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\t");
            break;
        default:
            if(isprint(ch))
                h5tools_str_append(str, "%c", ch);
            else
                h5tools_str_append(str, "\\%03o", ch);

            break;
        }
    }
}
void
h5tools_str_indent(h5tools_str_t *str, const h5tool_format_t *info,
                      h5tools_context_t *ctx)
{
    unsigned u, indentlevel = 0;

    /* Write new prefix */
    if(ctx->indent_level > 0)
        indentlevel = ctx->indent_level;
    else
        /*
         * This is because sometimes we don't print out all the header
         * info for the data (like the tattr-2.ddl example). If that happens
         * the ctx->indent_level is negative so we need to skip the above and
         * just print out the default indent levels.
         */
        indentlevel = ctx->default_indent_level;

    for(u = 0; u < indentlevel; u++)
        h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->line_indent, ""));
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_sprint
 *
 * Purpose: Renders the value pointed to by VP of type TYPE into variable
 *      length string STR.
 *
 * Return:  A pointer to memory containing the result or NULL on error.
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Thursday, July 23, 1998
 *
 * Modifications:
 *      Robb Matzke, 1999-04-26
 *      Made this function safe from overflow problems by allowing it
 *      to reallocate the output string.
 *
 *      Robb Matzke, 1999-06-04
 *      Added support for object references. The new `container'
 *      argument is the dataset where the reference came from.
 *
 *      Robb Matzke, 1999-06-07
 *      Added support for printing raw data. If info->raw is non-zero
 *      then data is printed in hexadecimal format.
 *
 *  Robb Matzke, 2003-01-10
 *  Binary output format is dd:dd:... instead of 0xdddd... so it
 *  doesn't look like a hexadecimal integer, and thus users will
 *  be less likely to complain that HDF5 didn't properly byte
 *  swap their data during type conversion.
 *
 *  Robb Matzke, LLNL, 2003-06-05
 *  If TYPE is a variable length string then the pointer to
 *  the value to pring (VP) is a pointer to a `char*'.
 *
 *  PVN, 28 March 2006
 *  added H5T_NATIVE_LDOUBLE case
 *
 *  Raymond Lu, 2011-09-01
 *  CLANG compiler complained about the line (about 800):
 *    tempint = (tempint >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask;
 *  The right shift may cause undefined behavior if PACKED_DATA_OFFSET is
 *  32-bit or more. For every kind of native integers, I changed the code
 *  to make it zero if PACKED_DATA_OFFSET is greater than or equal to the
 *  size of integer.
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
char *
h5tools_str_sprint(h5tools_str_t *str, const h5tool_format_t *info, hid_t container,
                   hid_t type, void *vp, h5tools_context_t *ctx)
{
    size_t         nsize, offset, size=0, nelmts, start;
    H5T_sign_t     nsign;
    char          *name = NULL;
    unsigned char *ucp_vp = (unsigned char *)vp;
    char          *cp_vp = (char *)vp;
    hid_t          memb = -1;
    hid_t          obj = -1;
    static char    fmt_llong[8], fmt_ullong[8];
    H5T_str_t      pad;
    H5T_class_t    type_class;

    /* Build default formats for long long types */
    if(!fmt_llong[0]) {
        HDsnprintf(fmt_llong, sizeof(fmt_llong), "%%%sd", H5_PRINTF_LL_WIDTH);
        HDsnprintf(fmt_ullong, sizeof(fmt_ullong), "%%%su", H5_PRINTF_LL_WIDTH);
    }

    /* Append value depending on data type */
    start = h5tools_str_len(str);

    nsize = H5Tget_size(type);
    nsign = H5Tget_sign(type);
    if(info->raw) {
        size_t i;

        if(1 == nsize)
            h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_raw, "0x%02x"), ucp_vp[0]);
        else
            for(i = 0; i < nsize; i++) {
                if(i)
                    h5tools_str_append(str, ":");
                h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_raw, "%02x"), ucp_vp[i]);
            }
    }
    else {
        if((type_class = H5Tget_class(type)) < 0)
            return NULL;
        switch (type_class) {
            case H5T_FLOAT:
                if(sizeof(float) == nsize) {
                    /* if (H5Tequal(type, H5T_NATIVE_FLOAT)) */
                    float tempfloat;

                    HDmemcpy(&tempfloat, vp, sizeof(float));
                    h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_float, "%g"), (double)tempfloat);
                }
                else if(sizeof(double) == nsize) {
                    /* if (H5Tequal(type, H5T_NATIVE_DOUBLE)) */
                    double tempdouble;

                    HDmemcpy(&tempdouble, vp, sizeof(double));
                    h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_double, "%g"), tempdouble);
#if H5_SIZEOF_LONG_DOUBLE !=0
                }
                else if(sizeof(long double) == nsize) {
                    /* if (H5Tequal(type, H5T_NATIVE_LDOUBLE)) */
                    long double templdouble;

                    HDmemcpy(&templdouble, vp, sizeof(long double));
                    h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_double, "%Lf"), templdouble);
#endif
                }
                break;

            case H5T_STRING:
                {
                    unsigned int i;
                    char         quote = '\0';
                    char        *s;

                    quote = '\0';
                    if(H5Tis_variable_str(type)) {
                        /* cp_vp is the pointer into the struct where a `char*' is stored. So we have
                         * to dereference the pointer to get the `char*' to pass to HDstrlen(). */
                        s = *(char**) cp_vp;
                        if(s != NULL) size = HDstrlen(s);
                    }
                    else {
                        s = cp_vp;
                        size = H5Tget_size(type);
                    }
                    pad = H5Tget_strpad(type);

                    /* Check for NULL pointer for string */
                    if(s == NULL)
                        h5tools_str_append(str, "NULL");
                    else {
                        for(i = 0; i < size && (s[i] || pad != H5T_STR_NULLTERM); i++) {
                            unsigned j = 1;

                            /*
                             * Count how many times the next character repeats. If the
                             * threshold is zero then that means it can repeat any number
                             * of times.
                             */
                            if(info->str_repeat > 0) while (i + j < size && s[i] == s[i + j])
                                j++;

                            /*
                             * Print the opening quote.  If the repeat count is high enough to
                             * warrant printing the number of repeats instead of enumerating
                             * the characters, then make sure the character to be repeated is
                             * in it's own quote.
                             */
                            if(info->str_repeat > 0 && j > info->str_repeat) {
                                if(quote)
                                    h5tools_str_append(str, "%c", quote);

                                quote = '\'';
                                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s%c", i ? " " : "", quote);
                            }
                            else if(!quote) {
                                quote = '"';
                                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s%c", i ? " " : "", quote);
                            }

                            /* Print the character */
                            h5tools_print_char(str, info, s[i]);

                            /* Print the repeat count */
                            if(info->str_repeat && j > info->str_repeat) {
#ifdef REPEAT_VERBOSE
                                h5tools_str_append(str, "%c repeats %d times", quote, j - 1);
#else
                                h5tools_str_append(str, "%c*%d", quote, j - 1);
#endif  /* REPEAT_VERBOSE */
                                quote = '\0';
                                i += j - 1;
                            }
                        }

                        if(quote)
                            h5tools_str_append(str, "%c", quote);

                        if(i == 0)
                            /*empty string*/
                            h5tools_str_append(str, "\"\"");
                    } /* end else */
                }
                break;

            case H5T_INTEGER:
                if(sizeof(char) == nsize) {
                    if(info->ascii)
                        h5tools_print_char(str, info, (char) (*ucp_vp));
                    else if(H5T_SGN_NONE == nsign) {
                        unsigned char tempuchar;

                        HDmemcpy(&tempuchar, ucp_vp, sizeof(unsigned char));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(unsigned char))
                                tempuchar = 0;
                            else
                                tempuchar = (unsigned char)((unsigned long long)(tempuchar >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask);
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_uchar, "%hhu"), tempuchar);
                    }
                    else {
                        signed char tempchar;

                        HDmemcpy(&tempchar, cp_vp, sizeof(char));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(char))
                                tempchar = 0;
                            else
                                tempchar = (signed char)((unsigned long long)(tempchar >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask);
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_schar, "%hhd"), tempchar);
                    }
                } /* end if (sizeof(char) == nsize) */
                else if(sizeof(int) == nsize) {
                    if(H5T_SGN_NONE == nsign) {
                        unsigned int tempuint;

                        HDmemcpy(&tempuint, vp, sizeof(unsigned int));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(unsigned int))
                                tempuint = 0;
                            else
                                tempuint = (unsigned)((tempuint >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask);
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_uint, "%u"), tempuint);
                    }
                    else {
                        int tempint;

                        HDmemcpy(&tempint, vp, sizeof(int));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(int))
                                tempint = 0;
                            else
                                tempint = (int)((unsigned long long)(tempint >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask);
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_int, "%d"), tempint);
                    }
                } /* end if (sizeof(int) == nsize) */
                else if(sizeof(short) == nsize) {
                    if(H5T_SGN_NONE == nsign) {
                        unsigned short tempushort;

                        HDmemcpy(&tempushort, vp, sizeof(unsigned short));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(unsigned short))
                                tempushort = 0;
                            else
                                tempushort = (unsigned short)((unsigned long long)(tempushort >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask);
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_ushort, "%hu"), tempushort);
                    }
                    else {
                        short tempshort;

                        HDmemcpy(&tempshort, vp, sizeof(short));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(short))
                                tempshort = 0;
                            else
                                tempshort = (short)((unsigned long long)(tempshort >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask);
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_short, "%hd"), tempshort);
                    }
                } /* end if (sizeof(short) == nsize) */
                else if(sizeof(long) == nsize) {
                    if(H5T_SGN_NONE == nsign) {
                        unsigned long tempulong;

                        HDmemcpy(&tempulong, vp, sizeof(unsigned long));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(unsigned long))
                                tempulong = 0;
                            else
                                tempulong = (tempulong >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask;
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_ulong, "%lu"), tempulong);
                    }
                    else {
                        long templong;

                        HDmemcpy(&templong, vp, sizeof(long));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(long))
                                templong = 0;
                            else
                                templong = (long)((unsigned long long)(templong >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask);
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_long, "%ld"), templong);
                    }
                } /* end if (sizeof(long) == nsize) */
#if H5_SIZEOF_LONG != H5_SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
                else if(sizeof(long long) == nsize) {
                    if(H5T_SGN_NONE == nsign) {
                        unsigned long long tempullong;

                        HDmemcpy(&tempullong, vp, sizeof(unsigned long long));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(unsigned long long))
                                tempullong = 0;
                            else
                                tempullong = (tempullong >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask;
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_ullong, fmt_ullong), tempullong);
                    }
                    else {
                        long long templlong;

                        HDmemcpy(&templlong, vp, sizeof(long long));
                        if(packed_bits_num) {
                            if(packed_data_offset >= 8 * sizeof(long long))
                                templlong = 0;
                            else
                                templlong = (templlong >> packed_data_offset) & packed_data_mask;
                        }
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->fmt_llong, fmt_llong), templlong);
                    }
                } /* end if (sizeof(long long) == nsize) */
#endif /* H5_SIZEOF_LONG != H5_SIZEOF_LONG_LONG */
                break;

            case H5T_COMPOUND:
                {
                    unsigned nmembs;
                    unsigned j;

                    nmembs = (unsigned)H5Tget_nmembers(type);
                    h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->cmpd_pre, "{"));

                    ctx->indent_level++;

                    for(j = 0; j < nmembs; j++) {
                        if(j)
                            h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->cmpd_sep, ", "OPTIONAL_LINE_BREAK));
                        else
                            h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->cmpd_end, ""));

                        if(info->arr_linebreak)
                            h5tools_str_indent(str, info, ctx);

                        /* The name */
                        name = H5Tget_member_name(type, j);
                        h5tools_str_append(str, OPT(info->cmpd_name, ""), name);
                        H5free_memory(name);

                        /* The value */
                        offset = H5Tget_member_offset(type, j);
                        memb = H5Tget_member_type(type, j);

                        h5tools_str_sprint(str, info, container, memb, cp_vp + offset, ctx);

                        H5Tclose(memb);
                    }
                    ctx->indent_level--;

                    if(info->arr_linebreak) {
                        h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->cmpd_end, ""));
                        h5tools_str_indent(str, info, ctx);
                    }
                    h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->cmpd_suf, "}"));
                }
                break;

            case H5T_ENUM:
                {
                    char enum_name[1024];

                    if(H5Tenum_nameof(type, vp, enum_name, sizeof enum_name) >= 0)
                        h5tools_str_append(str, h5tools_escape(enum_name, sizeof(enum_name)));
                    else {
                        size_t i;
                        if(1 == nsize)
                            h5tools_str_append(str, "0x%02x", ucp_vp[0]);
                        else
                            for(i = 0; i < nsize; i++)
                                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s%02x", i ? ":" : "", ucp_vp[i]);
                    }
                }
                break;

            case H5T_REFERENCE:
                if(h5tools_str_is_zero(vp, nsize))
                    h5tools_str_append(str, "NULL");
                else {
                    if(nsize == H5R_DSET_REG_REF_BUF_SIZE) {
                        /* if (H5Tequal(type, H5T_STD_REF_DSETREG)) */
                        h5tools_str_sprint_region(str, info, container, vp);
                    }
                    else if (nsize == H5R_OBJ_REF_BUF_SIZE) {
                        /* if (H5Tequal(type, H5T_STD_REF_OBJ)) */
                            /*
                             * Object references -- show the type and OID of the referenced
                             * object.
                             */
                            H5O_info_t  oi;
                            const char *path;

                            obj = H5Rdereference(container, H5R_OBJECT, vp);
                            H5Oget_info(obj, &oi);

                            /* Print object type and close object */
                            switch(oi.type) {
                                case H5O_TYPE_GROUP:
                                    h5tools_str_append(str, H5_TOOLS_GROUP);
                                    break;

                                case H5O_TYPE_DATASET:
                                    h5tools_str_append(str, H5_TOOLS_DATASET);
                                    break;

                                case H5O_TYPE_NAMED_DATATYPE:
                                    h5tools_str_append(str, H5_TOOLS_DATATYPE);
                                    break;

                                case H5O_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
                                case H5O_TYPE_NTYPES:
                                default:
                                    h5tools_str_append(str, "%u-", (unsigned) oi.type);
                                    break;
                            } /* end switch */
                            H5Oclose(obj);

                            /* Print OID */
                            if(info->obj_hidefileno)
                                h5tools_str_append(str, info->obj_format, oi.addr);
                            else
                                h5tools_str_append(str, info->obj_format, oi.fileno, oi.addr);

                            /* Print name */
                            path = lookup_ref_path(*(haddr_t *) vp);
                            if(path) {
                                h5tools_str_append(str, " ");
                                h5tools_str_append(str, path);
                                h5tools_str_append(str, " ");
                            } /* end if */
                    } /* end else if (H5Tequal(type, H5T_STD_REF_OBJ)) */
                }
                break;

            case H5T_ARRAY:
                {
                    int        k, ndims;
                    hsize_t    i, dims[H5S_MAX_RANK], temp_nelmts;
                    static int is_next_arry_elmt = 0;

                    /* Get the array's base datatype for each element */
                    memb = H5Tget_super(type);
                    size = H5Tget_size(memb);
                    ndims = H5Tget_array_ndims(type);
                    H5Tget_array_dims2(type, dims);
                    HDassert(ndims >= 1 && ndims <= H5S_MAX_RANK);

                    /* Calculate the number of array elements */
                    for(k = 0, nelmts = 1; k < ndims; k++) {
                        temp_nelmts = nelmts;
                        temp_nelmts *= dims[k];
                        HDassert(temp_nelmts == (hsize_t) ((size_t) temp_nelmts));
                        nelmts = (size_t) temp_nelmts;
                    }
                    /* Print the opening bracket */
                    h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->arr_pre, "["));

                    ctx->indent_level++;

                    for(i = 0; i < nelmts; i++) {
                        if(i)
                            h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->arr_sep, "," OPTIONAL_LINE_BREAK));

                        if(info->arr_linebreak && i && i % dims[ndims - 1] == 0) {
                            h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", "\n");
                            h5tools_str_indent(str, info, ctx);

                        } /* end if */
                        else if(i && info->arr_sep) {
                            /* if next element begin, add next line with indent */
                            if(is_next_arry_elmt) {
                                is_next_arry_elmt = 0;

                                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", "\n ");
                                h5tools_str_indent(str, info, ctx);

                            }
                            /* otherwise just add space */
                            else
                                h5tools_str_append(str, " ");

                        } /* end else if */

                        /* Dump values in an array element */
                        is_next_arry_elmt = 0; /* dump all values in the array element, so turn it off */
                        h5tools_str_sprint(str, info, container, memb, cp_vp + i * size, ctx);
                    } /* end for */

                    ctx->indent_level--;

                    /* Print the closing bracket */
                    h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->arr_suf, "]"));
                    is_next_arry_elmt = 1; /* set for begining of next array element */
                    H5Tclose(memb);
                }
                break;

            case H5T_VLEN:
                {
                    unsigned int i;

                    /* Get the VL sequences's base datatype for each element */
                    memb = H5Tget_super(type);
                    size = H5Tget_size(memb);

                    /* Print the opening bracket */
                    h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->vlen_pre, "("));

                    /* Get the number of sequence elements */
                    nelmts = ((hvl_t *) cp_vp)->len;

                    for(i = 0; i < nelmts; i++) {
                        if(i) h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->vlen_sep, "," OPTIONAL_LINE_BREAK));

#ifdef LATER
                        /* Need to fix so VL data breaks at correct location on end of line -QAK */
                        if(info->arr_linebreak && h5tools_str_len(str)>=info->line_ncols) {
                            int x;

                            h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", "\n");

                            /* need to indent some more here */
                            if(ctx->indent_level >= 0)
                                h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->line_pre, ""));

                            for(x = 0; x < ctx->indent_level + 1; x++)
                                h5tools_str_append(str,"%s",OPT(info->line_indent,""));
                        } /* end if */
#endif /* LATER */

                        ctx->indent_level++;

                        /* Dump the array element */
                        h5tools_str_sprint(str, info, container, memb, ((char *) (((hvl_t *) cp_vp)->p)) + i * size, ctx);

                        ctx->indent_level--;
                    } /* end for */

                    h5tools_str_append(str, "%s", OPT(info->vlen_suf, ")"));
                    H5Tclose(memb);
                }
                break;

            case H5T_TIME:
            case H5T_BITFIELD:
            case H5T_OPAQUE:
                {
                    /* All other types get printed as hexadecimal */
                    size_t i;
                    if(1 == nsize)
                        h5tools_str_append(str, "0x%02x", ucp_vp[0]);
                    else
                        for(i = 0; i < nsize; i++)
                            h5tools_str_append(str, "%s%02x", i ? ":" : "", ucp_vp[i]);
                }
                break;

            case H5T_NO_CLASS:
            case H5T_NCLASSES:
            default:
                h5tools_str_append(str, "invalid datatype");
                break;
        } /* end switch */
    }
    return h5tools_str_fmt(str, start, OPT(info->elmt_fmt, "%s"));
}


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_sprint_region
 *
 * Purpose: Dataset region reference -- show the type and data of the referenced object.
 *
 * Return:  Nothing
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
void
h5tools_str_sprint_region(h5tools_str_t *str, const h5tool_format_t *info,
        hid_t container, void *vp)
{
    hid_t        obj = -1;
    hid_t        region = -1;
    char         ref_name[1024];
    H5S_sel_type region_type;

    obj = H5Rdereference(container, H5R_DATASET_REGION, vp);
    if(obj >= 0) {
        region = H5Rget_region(container, H5R_DATASET_REGION, vp);
        if(region >= 0) {
            H5Rget_name(obj, H5R_DATASET_REGION, vp, (char*) ref_name, 1024);

            h5tools_str_append(str, info->dset_format, ref_name);

            h5tools_str_append(str, "{");

            region_type = H5Sget_select_type(region);
            if(region_type==H5S_SEL_POINTS)
                h5tools_str_dump_space_points(str, region, info);
            else
                h5tools_str_dump_space_blocks(str, region, info);

            h5tools_str_append(str, "}");

            H5Sclose(region);
        } /* end if (region >= 0) */
        H5Dclose(obj);
    } /* end if (obj >= 0) */
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function: h5tools_escape
 *
 * Purpose:  Changes all "funny" characters in S into standard C escape
 *           sequences.
 *
 * Return:   Success:    S
 *
 *           Failure:    NULL if the buffer would overflow. The
 *              buffer has as many left-to-right escapes as
 *              possible before overflow would have happened.
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Monday, April 26, 1999
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static char *
h5tools_escape(char *s/*in,out*/, size_t size)
{
    register    size_t i;
    const char *escape;
    char        octal[8];
    size_t      n = HDstrlen(s);

    for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        switch (s[i]) {
        case '\'':
            escape = "\\\'";
            break;
        case '\"':
            escape = "\\\"";
            break;
        case '\\':
            escape = "\\\\";
            break;
        case '\?':
            escape = "\\\?";
            break;
        case '\a':
            escape = "\\a";
            break;
        case '\b':
            escape = "\\b";
            break;
        case '\f':
            escape = "\\f";
            break;
        case '\n':
            escape = "\\n";
            break;
        case '\r':
            escape = "\\r";
            break;
        case '\t':
            escape = "\\t";
            break;
        case '\v':
            escape = "\\v";
            break;
        default:
            if(!isprint(s[i])) {
                HDsnprintf(octal, sizeof(octal), "\\%03o", (unsigned char) s[i]);
                escape = octal;
            }
            else
                escape = NULL;

            break;
        }

        if(escape) {
            size_t esc_size = HDstrlen(escape);

            if(n + esc_size + 1 > size)
                /*would overflow*/
                return NULL;

            HDmemmove(s + i + esc_size, s + i + 1, n - i); /*make room*/
            HDmemcpy(s + i, escape, esc_size); /*insert*/
            n += esc_size - 1; /* adjust total string size */
            i += esc_size; /* adjust string position */
        }
    }

    return s;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_is_zero
 *
 * Purpose:     Determines if memory is initialized to all zero bytes.
 *
 * Return:      TRUE if all bytes are zero; FALSE otherwise
 *
 * Programmer:  Robb Matzke
 *              Monday, June  7, 1999
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static hbool_t
h5tools_str_is_zero(const void *_mem, size_t size)
{
    const unsigned char *mem = (const unsigned char *) _mem;

    while(size-- > 0)
        if(mem[size])
            return FALSE;

    return TRUE;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Function:    h5tools_str_replace
 *
 * Purpose:     replace all occurrences of substring.
 *
 * Return:      char *
 *
 * Programmer:  Peter Cao
 *              March 8, 2012
 *
 * Notes:
 *   Applications need to call free() to free the memoery allocated for
 *   the return string
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
char *
h5tools_str_replace ( const char *string, const char *substr, const char *replacement )
{
    char *tok    = NULL;
    char *newstr = NULL;
    char *head   = NULL;

    if(substr == NULL || replacement == NULL)
        return HDstrdup(string);
    newstr = HDstrdup(string);
    head = newstr;
    while((tok = HDstrstr(head, substr))) {
        char *oldstr;

        oldstr = newstr;
        newstr = (char *)HDmalloc(HDstrlen(oldstr) - HDstrlen(substr) + HDstrlen(replacement) + 1);

        if(newstr == NULL) {
            HDfree(oldstr);
            return NULL;
        }
        HDmemcpy(newstr, oldstr, (size_t)(tok - oldstr));
        HDmemcpy(newstr + (tok - oldstr), replacement, HDstrlen(replacement));
        HDmemcpy(newstr + (tok - oldstr) + HDstrlen(replacement), tok + HDstrlen(substr), HDstrlen(oldstr) - HDstrlen(substr) - (size_t)(tok - oldstr));
        HDmemset(newstr + HDstrlen (oldstr) - HDstrlen(substr) + HDstrlen(replacement) , 0, 1);
        /* move back head right after the last replacement */
        head = newstr + (tok - oldstr) + HDstrlen(replacement);
        HDfree(oldstr);
    }

    return newstr;
}