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authormig <mig>2013-01-14 18:00:43 (GMT)
committermig <mig>2013-01-14 18:00:43 (GMT)
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-'\"
-'\" Copyright (c) 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
-'\"
-'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
-'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
-'\"
-.so man.macros
-.TH pkg_mkIndex n 8.3 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
-.BS
-'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
-.SH NAME
-pkg_mkIndex \- Build an index for automatic loading of packages
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-\fBpkg_mkIndex\fR ?\fIoptions...\fR? \fIdir\fR ?\fIpattern pattern ...\fR?
-.fi
-.BE
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.PP
-\fBPkg_mkIndex\fR is a utility procedure that is part of the standard
-Tcl library.
-It is used to create index files that allow packages to be loaded
-automatically when \fBpackage require\fR commands are executed.
-To use \fBpkg_mkIndex\fR, follow these steps:
-.IP [1]
-Create the package(s).
-Each package may consist of one or more Tcl script files or binary files.
-Binary files must be suitable for loading with the \fBload\fR command
-with a single argument; for example, if the file is \fBtest.so\fR it must
-be possible to load this file with the command \fBload test.so\fR.
-Each script file must contain a \fBpackage provide\fR command to declare
-the package and version number, and each binary file must contain
-a call to \fBTcl_PkgProvide\fR.
-.IP [2]
-Create the index by invoking \fBpkg_mkIndex\fR.
-The \fIdir\fR argument gives the name of a directory and each
-\fIpattern\fR argument is a \fBglob\fR-style pattern that selects
-script or binary files in \fIdir\fR.
-The default pattern is \fB*.tcl\fR and \fB*.[info sharedlibextension]\fR.
-.RS
-.PP
-\fBPkg_mkIndex\fR will create a file \fBpkgIndex.tcl\fR in \fIdir\fR
-with package information about all the files given by the \fIpattern\fR
-arguments.
-It does this by loading each file into a slave
-interpreter and seeing what packages
-and new commands appear (this is why it is essential to have
-\fBpackage provide\fR commands or \fBTcl_PkgProvide\fR calls
-in the files, as described above).
-If you have a package split among scripts and binary files,
-or if you have dependencies among files,
-you may have to use the \fB\-load\fR option
-or adjust the order in which \fBpkg_mkIndex\fR processes
-the files. See \fBCOMPLEX CASES\fR below.
-.RE
-.IP [3]
-Install the package as a subdirectory of one of the directories given by
-the \fBtcl_pkgPath\fR variable. If \fB$tcl_pkgPath\fR contains more
-than one directory, machine-dependent packages (e.g., those that
-contain binary shared libraries) should normally be installed
-under the first directory and machine-independent packages (e.g.,
-those that contain only Tcl scripts) should be installed under the
-second directory.
-The subdirectory should include
-the package's script and/or binary files as well as the \fBpkgIndex.tcl\fR
-file. As long as the package is installed as a subdirectory of a
-directory in \fB$tcl_pkgPath\fR it will automatically be found during
-\fBpackage require\fR commands.
-.RS
-.PP
-If you install the package anywhere else, then you must ensure that
-the directory containing the package is in the \fBauto_path\fR global variable
-or an immediate subdirectory of one of the directories in \fBauto_path\fR.
-\fBAuto_path\fR contains a list of directories that are searched
-by both the auto-loader and the package loader; by default it
-includes \fB$tcl_pkgPath\fR.
-The package loader also checks all of the subdirectories of the
-directories in \fBauto_path\fR.
-You can add a directory to \fBauto_path\fR explicitly in your
-application, or you can add the directory to your \fBTCLLIBPATH\fR
-environment variable: if this environment variable is present,
-Tcl initializes \fBauto_path\fR from it during application startup.
-.RE
-.IP [4]
-Once the above steps have been taken, all you need to do to use a
-package is to invoke \fBpackage require\fR.
-For example, if versions 2.1, 2.3, and 3.1 of package \fBTest\fR
-have been indexed by \fBpkg_mkIndex\fR, the command
-\fBpackage require Test\fR will make version 3.1 available
-and the command \fBpackage require \-exact Test 2.1\fR will
-make version 2.1 available.
-There may be many versions of a package in the various index files
-in \fBauto_path\fR, but only one will actually be loaded in a given
-interpreter, based on the first call to \fBpackage require\fR.
-Different versions of a package may be loaded in different
-interpreters.
-.SH OPTIONS
-The optional switches are:
-.TP 15
-\fB\-direct\fR
-The generated index will implement direct loading of the package
-upon \fBpackage require\fR. This is the default.
-.TP 15
-\fB\-lazy\fR
-The generated index will manage to delay loading the package until the
-use of one of the commands provided by the package, instead of loading
-it immediately upon \fBpackage require\fR. This is not compatible with
-the use of \fIauto_reset\fR, and therefore its use is discouraged.
-.TP 15
-\fB\-load \fIpkgPat\fR
-The index process will pre-load any packages that exist in the
-current interpreter and match \fIpkgPat\fR into the slave interpreter used to
-generate the index. The pattern match uses string match rules, but without
-making case distinctions.
-See \fBCOMPLEX CASES\fR below.
-.TP 15
-\fB\-verbose\fR
-Generate output during the indexing process. Output is via
-the \fBtclLog\fR procedure, which by default prints to stderr.
-.TP 15
-\fB\-\-\fR
-End of the flags, in case \fIdir\fR begins with a dash.
-.SH "PACKAGES AND THE AUTO-LOADER"
-.PP
-The package management facilities overlap somewhat with the auto-loader,
-in that both arrange for files to be loaded on-demand.
-However, package management is a higher-level mechanism that uses
-the auto-loader for the last step in the loading process.
-It is generally better to index a package with \fBpkg_mkIndex\fR
-rather than \fBauto_mkindex\fR because the package mechanism provides
-version control: several versions of a package can be made available
-in the index files, with different applications using different
-versions based on \fBpackage require\fR commands.
-In contrast, \fBauto_mkindex\fR does not understand versions so
-it can only handle a single version of each package.
-It is probably not a good idea to index a given package with both
-\fBpkg_mkIndex\fR and \fBauto_mkindex\fR.
-If you use \fBpkg_mkIndex\fR to index a package, its commands cannot
-be invoked until \fBpackage require\fR has been used to select a
-version; in contrast, packages indexed with \fBauto_mkindex\fR
-can be used immediately since there is no version control.
-.SH "HOW IT WORKS"
-.PP
-\fBPkg_mkIndex\fR depends on the \fBpackage unknown\fR command,
-the \fBpackage ifneeded\fR command, and the auto-loader.
-The first time a \fBpackage require\fR command is invoked,
-the \fBpackage unknown\fR script is invoked.
-This is set by Tcl initialization to a script that
-evaluates all of the \fBpkgIndex.tcl\fR files in the
-\fBauto_path\fR.
-The \fBpkgIndex.tcl\fR files contain \fBpackage ifneeded\fR
-commands for each version of each available package; these commands
-invoke \fBpackage provide\fR commands to announce the
-availability of the package, and they setup auto-loader
-information to load the files of the package.
-If the \fB\-lazy\fR flag was provided when the \fBpkgIndex.tcl\fR
-was generated,
-a given file of a given version of a given package is not
-actually loaded until the first time one of its commands
-is invoked.
-Thus, after invoking \fBpackage require\fR you may
-not see the package's commands in the interpreter, but you will be able
-to invoke the commands and they will be auto-loaded.
-.SH "DIRECT LOADING"
-.PP
-Some packages, for instance packages which use namespaces and export
-commands or those which require special initialization, might select
-that their package files be loaded immediately upon \fBpackage require\fR
-instead of delaying the actual loading to the first use of one of the
-package's command. This is the default mode when generating the package
-index. It can be overridden by specifying the \fB\-lazy\fR argument.
-.SH "COMPLEX CASES"
-Most complex cases of dependencies among scripts
-and binary files, and packages being split among scripts and
-binary files are handled OK. However, you may have to adjust
-the order in which files are processed by \fBpkg_mkIndex\fR.
-These issues are described in detail below.
-.PP
-If each script or file contains one package, and packages
-are only contained in one file, then things are easy.
-You simply specify all files to be indexed in any order
-with some glob patterns.
-.PP
-In general, it is OK for scripts to have dependencies on other
-packages.
-If scripts contain \fBpackage require\fR commands, these are
-stubbed out in the interpreter used to process the scripts,
-so these do not cause problems.
-If scripts call into other packages in global code,
-these calls are handled by a stub \fBunknown\fR command.
-However, if scripts make variable references to other package's
-variables in global code, these will cause errors. That is
-also bad coding style.
-.PP
-If binary files have dependencies on other packages, things
-can become tricky because it is not possible to stub out
-C-level APIs such as \fBTcl_PkgRequire\fR API
-when loading a binary file.
-For example, suppose the BLT package requires Tk, and expresses
-this with a call to \fBTcl_PkgRequire\fR in its \fBBlt_Init\fR routine.
-To support this, you must run \fBpkg_mkIndex\fR in an interpreter that
-has Tk loaded. You can achieve this with the
-\fB\-load \fIpkgPat\fR option. If you specify this option,
-\fBpkg_mkIndex\fR will load any packages listed by
-\fBinfo loaded\fR and that match \fIpkgPat\fR
-into the interpreter used to process files.
-In most cases this will satisfy the \fBTcl_PkgRequire\fR calls
-made by binary files.
-.PP
-If you are indexing two binary files and one depends on the other,
-you should specify the one that has dependencies last.
-This way the one without dependencies will get loaded and indexed,
-and then the package it provides
-will be available when the second file is processed.
-You may also need to load the first package into the
-temporary interpreter used to create the index by using
-the \fB\-load\fR flag;
-it will not hurt to specify package patterns that are not yet loaded.
-.PP
-If you have a package that is split across scripts and a binary file,
-then you should avoid the \fB\-load\fR flag. The problem is that
-if you load a package before computing the index it masks any
-other files that provide part of the same package.
-If you must use \fB\-load\fR,
-then you must specify the scripts first; otherwise the package loaded from
-the binary file may mask the package defined by the scripts.
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-package(n)
-.SH KEYWORDS
-auto-load, index, package, version
-'\"Local Variables:
-'\"mode: nroff
-'\"End: