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diff --git a/doc/lmap.n b/doc/lmap.n new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7deb7f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/lmap.n @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +'\" +'\" Copyright (c) 2012 Trevor Davel +'\" +'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution +'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. +'\" +.so man.macros +.TH lmap n "" Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" +.BS +'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! +.SH NAME +lmap \- Iterate over all elements in one or more lists and collect results +.SH SYNOPSIS +\fBlmap \fIvarname list body\fR +.br +\fBlmap \fIvarlist1 list1\fR ?\fIvarlist2 list2 ...\fR? \fIbody\fR +.BE + +.SH DESCRIPTION +.PP +The \fBlmap\fR command implements a loop where the loop +variable(s) take on values from one or more lists, and the loop returns a list +of results collected from each iteration. +.PP +In the simplest case there is one loop variable, \fIvarname\fR, +and one list, \fIlist\fR, that is a list of values to assign to \fIvarname\fR. +The \fIbody\fR argument is a Tcl script. +For each element of \fIlist\fR (in order +from first to last), \fBlmap\fR assigns the contents of the +element to \fIvarname\fR as if the \fBlindex\fR command had been used +to extract the element, then calls the Tcl interpreter to execute +\fIbody\fR. If execution of the body completes normally then the result of the +body is appended to an accumulator list. \fBlmap\fR returns the accumulator +list. + +.PP +In the general case there can be more than one value list +(e.g., \fIlist1\fR and \fIlist2\fR), +and each value list can be associated with a list of loop variables +(e.g., \fIvarlist1\fR and \fIvarlist2\fR). +During each iteration of the loop +the variables of each \fIvarlist\fR are assigned +consecutive values from the corresponding \fIlist\fR. +Values in each \fIlist\fR are used in order from first to last, +and each value is used exactly once. +The total number of loop iterations is large enough to use +up all the values from all the value lists. +If a value list does not contain enough +elements for each of its loop variables in each iteration, +empty values are used for the missing elements. +.PP +The \fBbreak\fR and \fBcontinue\fR statements may be +invoked inside \fIbody\fR, with the same effect as in the \fBfor\fR +and \fBforeach\fR commands. In these cases the body does not complete normally +and the result is not appended to the accumulator list. +.SH EXAMPLES +.PP +Zip lists together: +.PP +.CS +'\" Maintainers: notice the tab hacking below! +.ta 3i +set list1 {a b c d} +set list2 {1 2 3 4} +set zipped [\fBlmap\fR a $list1 b $list2 {list $a $b}] +# The value of zipped is "{a 1} {b 2} {c 3} {d 4}" +.CE +.PP +Filter a list: +.PP +.CS +set values {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8} +proc isGood {n} { expr { ($n % 2) == 0 } } +set goodOnes [\fBlmap\fR x $values {expr {[isGood $x] ? $x : [continue]}}] +# The value of goodOnes is "2 4 6 8" +.CE +.PP +Take a prefix from a list: +.PP +.CS +set values {8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1} +proc isGood {n} { expr { $n > 3 } } +set prefix [\fBlmap\fR x $values {expr {[isGood $x] ? $x : [break]}}] +# The value of prefix is "8 7 6 5 4" +.CE + +.SH "SEE ALSO" +for(n), while(n), break(n), continue(n), foreach(n) + +.SH KEYWORDS +foreach, iteration, list, loop, map |