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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/socket.n')
-rw-r--r-- | doc/socket.n | 114 |
1 files changed, 64 insertions, 50 deletions
diff --git a/doc/socket.n b/doc/socket.n index 7596abb..0fa8872 100644 --- a/doc/socket.n +++ b/doc/socket.n @@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. '\" -'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: socket.n,v 1.20 2010/02/24 10:11:46 dkf Exp $ +'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: socket.n,v 1.21 2010/09/28 15:13:54 rmax Exp $ .so man.macros -.TH socket n 8.0 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" +.TH socket n 8.6 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" .BS '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! .SH NAME @@ -20,18 +20,17 @@ socket \- Open a TCP network connection .BE .SH DESCRIPTION .PP -This command opens a network socket and returns a channel -identifier that may be used in future invocations of commands like -\fBread\fR, \fBputs\fR and \fBflush\fR. -At present only the TCP network protocol is supported; future -releases may include support for additional protocols. -The \fBsocket\fR command may be used to open either the client or -server side of a connection, depending on whether the \fB\-server\fR -switch is specified. +This command opens a network socket and returns a channel identifier +that may be used in future invocations of commands like \fBread\fR, +\fBputs\fR and \fBflush\fR. At present only the TCP network protocol +is supported over IPv4 and IPv6; future releases may include support +for additional protocols. The \fBsocket\fR command may be used to +open either the client or server side of a connection, depending on +whether the \fB\-server\fR switch is specified. .PP Note that the default encoding for \fIall\fR sockets is the system encoding, as returned by \fBencoding system\fR. Most of the time, you -will need to use \fBfconfigure\fR to alter this to something else, +will need to use \fBchan configure\fR to alter this to something else, such as \fIutf\-8\fR (ideal for communicating with other Tcl processes) or \fIiso8859\-1\fR (useful for many network protocols, especially the older ones). @@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ this port. \fIPort\fR is an integer port number (or service name, where supported and understood by the host operating system) and \fIhost\fR is either a domain-style name such as \fBwww.tcl.tk\fR or -a numerical IP address such as \fB127.0.0.1\fR. +a numerical IPv4 or IPv6 address such as \fB127.0.0.1\fR or \fB2001:DB8::1\fR. Use \fIlocalhost\fR to refer to the host on which the command is invoked. .PP The following options may also be present before \fIhost\fR @@ -70,51 +69,55 @@ port number will be chosen at random by the system software. .TP \fB\-async\fR . -The \fB\-async\fR option will cause the client socket to be connected -asynchronously. This means that the socket will be created immediately but -may not yet be connected to the server, when the call to \fBsocket\fR -returns. When a \fBgets\fR or \fBflush\fR is done on the socket before the -connection attempt succeeds or fails, if the socket is in blocking mode, the -operation will wait until the connection is completed or fails. If the -socket is in nonblocking mode and a \fBgets\fR or \fBflush\fR is done on -the socket before the connection attempt succeeds or fails, the operation -returns immediately and \fBfblocked\fR on the socket returns 1. Synchronous -client sockets may be switched (after they have connected) to operating in -asynchronous mode using: +This option will cause the client socket to be connected +asynchronously. This means that the socket will be created immediately +but may not yet be connected to the server, when the call to +\fBsocket\fR returns. When a \fBgets\fR or \fBflush\fR is done on the +socket before the connection attempt succeeds or fails, if the socket +is in blocking mode, the operation will wait until the connection is +completed or fails. If the socket is in nonblocking mode and a +\fBgets\fR or \fBflush\fR is done on the socket before the connection +attempt succeeds or fails, the operation returns immediately and +\fBfblocked\fR on the socket returns 1. Synchronous client sockets may +be switched (after they have connected) to operating in asynchronous +mode using: .RS .PP .CS -\fBfconfigure \fIchan \fB\-blocking 0\fR +\fBchan configure \fIchan \fB\-blocking 0\fR .CE .PP -See the \fBfconfigure\fR command for more details. +See the \fBchan\fR \fBconfigure\fR command for more details. .RE .SH "SERVER SOCKETS" .PP -If the \fB\-server\fR option is specified then the new socket -will be a server for the port given by \fIport\fR (either an integer -or a service name, where supported and understood by the host -operating system; if \fIport\fR is zero, the operating system will -allocate a free port to the server socket which may be discovered by -using \fBfconfigure\fR to read the \fB\-sockname\fR option). -Tcl will automatically accept connections to the given port. +If the \fB\-server\fR option is specified then the new socket will be +a server that listens on the given \fIport\fR (either an integer or a +service name, where supported and understood by the host operating +system; if \fIport\fR is zero, the operating system will allocate a +free port to the server socket which may be discovered by using +\fBchan configure\fR to read the \fB\-sockname\fR option). If the host +supports both, IPv4 and IPv6, the socket will listen on both address +families. Tcl will automatically accept connections to the given port. For each connection Tcl will create a new channel that may be used to -communicate with the client. Tcl then invokes \fIcommand\fR -(properly a command prefix list, see the \fBEXAMPLES\fR below) -with three additional arguments: the name of the new channel, the -address, in network address notation, of the client's host, and -the client's port number. +communicate with the client. Tcl then invokes \fIcommand\fR (properly +a command prefix list, see the \fBEXAMPLES\fR below) with three +additional arguments: the name of the new channel, the address, in +network address notation, of the client's host, and the client's port +number. .PP The following additional option may also be specified before \fIport\fR: .TP \fB\-myaddr\fI addr\fR . -\fIAddr\fR gives the domain-style name or numerical IP address of -the server-side network interface to use for the connection. -This option may be useful if the server machine has multiple network -interfaces. If the option is omitted then the server socket is bound -to the special address INADDR_ANY so that it can accept connections from -any interface. +\fIAddr\fR gives the domain-style name or numerical IP address of the +server-side network interface to use for the connection. This option +may be useful if the server machine has multiple network interfaces. +If the option is omitted then the server socket is bound to the +wildcard address so that it can accept connections from any +interface. If \fIaddr\fR is a domain name that resolves to multiple IP +addresses that are available on the local machine, the socket will +listen on all of them. .PP Server channels cannot be used for input or output; their sole use is to accept new client connections. The channels created for each incoming @@ -131,11 +134,11 @@ will be accepted. If \fIport\fR is specified as zero, the operating system will allocate an unused port for use as a server socket. The port number actually allocated may be retrieved from the created server socket using the -\fBfconfigure\fR command to retrieve the \fB\-sockname\fR option as +\fBchan configure\fR command to retrieve the \fB\-sockname\fR option as described below. .SH "CONFIGURATION OPTIONS" .PP -The \fBfconfigure\fR command can be used to query several readonly +The \fBchan configure\fR command can be used to query several readonly configuration options for socket channels: .TP \fB\-error\fR @@ -147,10 +150,19 @@ returned. If there was no error, an empty string is returned. .TP \fB\-sockname\fR . -This option returns a list of three elements, the address, the host name -and the port number for the socket. If the host name cannot be computed, -the second element is identical to the address, the first element of the -list. +For client sockets (including the channels that get created when a +client connects to a server socket) this option returns a list of +three elements, the address, the host name and the port number for the +socket. If the host name cannot be computed, the second element is +identical to the address, the first element of the list. + +For server sockets this option returns a list of a multiple of three +elements each group of which have the same meaning as described +above. The list contains more than one group when the server socket +was created without \fB-myaddr\fR or with the argument to +\fB-myaddr\fR being a domain name that resolves multiple IP addresses +that are local to the invoking host. + .TP \fB\-peername\fR . @@ -189,8 +201,10 @@ close $sockChan puts "The time on $server is $line1" puts "That is [lindex $line2 0]s since the server started" .CE +.SH "HISTORY" +Support for IPv6 was added in Tcl 8.6. .SH "SEE ALSO" -fconfigure(n), flush(n), open(n), read(n) +chan(n), flush(n), open(n), read(n) .SH KEYWORDS asynchronous I/O, bind, channel, connection, domain name, host, network address, socket, tcp '\" Local Variables: |