diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/fconfigure.n | 207 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/open.n | 50 |
2 files changed, 205 insertions, 52 deletions
diff --git a/doc/fconfigure.n b/doc/fconfigure.n index 7689d20..38799b5 100644 --- a/doc/fconfigure.n +++ b/doc/fconfigure.n @@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. '\" -'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: fconfigure.n,v 1.5 2001/09/14 19:20:40 andreas_kupries Exp $ +'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: fconfigure.n,v 1.6 2001/10/15 17:35:05 hobbs Exp $ '\" .so man.macros -.TH fconfigure n 8.1 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" +.TH fconfigure n 8.3 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" .BS '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! .SH NAME @@ -23,13 +23,11 @@ fconfigure \- Set and get options on a channel .PP The \fBfconfigure\fR command sets and retrieves options for channels. .PP -.VS \fIChannelId\fR identifies the channel for which to set or query an option and must refer to an open channel such as a Tcl standard channel (\fBstdin\fR, \fBstdout\fR, or \fBstderr\fR), the return value from an invocation of \fBopen\fR or \fBsocket\fR, or the result of a channel creation command provided by a Tcl extension. -.VE .PP If no \fIname\fR or \fIvalue\fR arguments are supplied, the command returns a list containing alternating option names and values for the channel. @@ -76,7 +74,6 @@ intially set to \fBline\fR, and \fBstderr\fR is set to \fBnone\fR. buffers, in bytes, subsequently allocated for this channel to store input or output. \fINewvalue\fR must be between ten and one million, allowing buffers of ten to one million bytes in size. -.VS 8.1 br .TP \fB\-encoding\fR \fIname\fR . @@ -100,7 +97,6 @@ The default encoding for newly opened channels is the same platform- and locale-dependent system encoding used for interfacing with the operating system. .RE -.VE .TP \fB\-eofchar\fR \fIchar\fR .TP @@ -161,7 +157,6 @@ Tcl chooses \fBcrlf\fR, for all Unix flavors, it chooses \fBlf\fR, for the Macintosh platform it chooses \fBcr\fR and for the various flavors of Windows it chooses \fBcrlf\fR. The default setting for \fB\-translation\fR is \fBauto\fR for both input and output. -.VS 8.1 br .TP \fBbinary\fR . @@ -170,7 +165,6 @@ No end-of-line translations are performed. This is nearly identical to end-of-file character to the empty string (which disables it) and sets the encoding to \fBbinary\fR (which disables encoding filtering). See the description of \fB\-eofchar\fR and \fB\-encoding\fR for more information. -.VE .TP \fBcr\fR . @@ -199,7 +193,6 @@ platforms. .RE .PP -.VS .SH "STANDARD CHANNELS" .PP The Tcl standard channels (\fBstdin\fR, \fBstdout\fR, and \fBstderr\fR) @@ -209,10 +202,204 @@ will also support any special option according to their current type. If, for example, a Tcl application is started by the \fBinet\fR super-server common on Unix system its Tcl standard channels will be sockets and thus support the socket options. + +.VS 8.4 +.SH "SERIAL PORT CONFIGURATION OPTIONS" +.PP +If \fIchannelId\fR refers to a serial port, then the following +additional configuration options are available on Windows and +Unix systems with a POSIX serial interface: + +.TP +\fB\-mode\fR \fIbaud\fB,\fIparity\fB,\fIdata\fB,\fIstop\fR +. +This option is a set of 4 comma-separated values: the baud rate, parity, +number of data bits, and number of stop bits for this serial port. The +\fIbaud\fR rate is a simple integer that specifies the connection speed. +\fIParity\fR is one of the following letters: \fBn\fR, \fBo\fR, \fBe\fR, +\fBm\fR, \fBs\fR; respectively signifying the parity options of ``none'', +``odd'', ``even'', ``mark'', or ``space''. \fIData\fR is the number of +data bits and should be an integer from 5 to 8, while \fIstop\fR is the +number of stop bits and should be the integer 1 or 2. + +.TP +\fB\-handshake\fR \fItype\fR +. +(Windows and Unix). This option is used to setup automatic handshake +control. Note that not all handshake types maybe supported by your operating +system. The \fItype\fR parameter is case-independent. + +If \fItype\fR is \fBnone\fR then any handshake is switched off. +\fBrtscts\fR activates hardware handshake. Hardware handshake signals +are decribed below. +For software handshake \fBxonxoff\fR the handshake characters can be redefined +with \fB-xchar\fR. +An additional hardware handshake \fBdtrdsr\fR is available only under Windows. +There is no default handshake configuration, the initial value depends +on your operating system settings. +The \fB-handshake\fR option cannot be queried. + +.TP +\fB\-queue\fR +. +(Windows and Unix). The \fB-queue\fR option can only be queried. +It returns a list of two integers representing the current number +of bytes in the input and output queue respectively. + +.TP +\fB\-timeout\fR \fImsec\fR +. +(Windows and Unix). This option is used to set the timeout for blocking +read operations. It specifies the maximum interval between the +receiption of two bytes in milliseconds. +For Unix systems the granularity is 100 milliseconds. +The \fB-timeout\fR option does not affect write operations or +nonblocking reads. +This option cannot be queried. + +.TP +\fB\-ttycontrol\fR \fI{signal boolean signal boolean ...}\fR +. +(Windows and Unix). This option is used to setup the handshake +output lines (see below) permanently or to send a BREAK over the serial line. +The \fIsignal\fR names are case-independent. +\fB{RTS 1 DTR 0}\fR sets the RTS output to high and the DTR output to low. +The BREAK condition (see below) is enabled and disabled with \fB{BREAK 1}\fR and +\fB{BREAK 0}\fR respectively. +It's not a good idea to change the \fBRTS\fR (or \fBDTR\fR) signal +with active hardware handshake \fBrtscts\fR (or \fBdtrdsr\fR). +The result is unpredictable. +The \fB-ttycontrol\fR option cannot be queried. + +.TP +\fB\-ttystatus\fR +. +(Windows and Unix). The \fB-ttystatus\fR option can only be +queried. It returns the current modem status and handshake input signals +(see below). +The result is a list of signal,value pairs with a fixed order, +e.g. \fB{CTS 1 DSR 0 RING 1 DCD 0}\fR. +The \fIsignal\fR names are returned upper case. + +.TP +\fB\-xchar\fR \fI{xonChar xoffChar}\fR +. +(Windows and Unix). This option is used to query or change the software +handshake characters. Normally the operating system default should be +DC1 (0x11) and DC3 (0x13) representing the ASCII standard +XON and XOFF characters. + +.TP +\fB\-pollinterval\fR \fImsec\fR +. +(Windows only). This option is used to set the maximum time between +polling for fileevents. +This affects the time interval between checking for events throughout the Tcl +interpreter (the smallest value always wins). Use this option only if +you want to poll the serial port more or less often than 10 msec +(the default). + +.TP +\fB\-sysbuffer\fR \fIinSize\fR +.TP +\fB\-sysbuffer\fR \fI{inSize outSize}\fR +. +(Windows only). This option is used to change the size of Windows +system buffers for a serial channel. Especially at higher communication +rates the default input buffer size of 4096 bytes can overrun +for latent systems. The first form specifies the input buffer size, +in the second form both input and output buffers are defined. + +.TP +\fB\-lasterror\fR +. +(Windows only). This option is query only. +In case of a serial communication error, \fBread\fR or \fBputs\fR +returns a general Tcl file I/O error. +\fBfconfigure -lasterror\fR can be called to get a list of error details. +See below for an explanation of the various error codes. + +.SH "SERIAL PORT SIGNALS" +.PP +RS-232 is the most commonly used standard electrical interface for serial +communications. A negative voltage (-3V..-12V) define a mark (on=1) bit and +a positive voltage (+3..+12V) define a space (off=0) bit (RS-232C). The +following signals are specified for incoming and outgoing data, status +lines and handshaking. Here we are using the terms \fIworkstation\fR for +your computer and \fImodem\fR for the external device, because some signal +names (DCD, RI) come from modems. Of course your external device may use +these signal lines for other purposes. +.RS +.IP \fBTXD(output)\fR +\fBTransmitted Data:\fR Outgoing serial data. +.IP \fBRXD(input)\fR +\fBReceived Data:\fRIncoming serial data. +.IP \fBRTS(output)\fR +\fBRequest To Send:\fR This hardware handshake line informs the modem that +your workstation is ready to receive data. Your workstation may +automatically reset this signal to indicate that the input buffer is full. +.IP \fBCTS(input)\fR +\fBClear To Send:\fR The complement to RTS. Indicates that the modem is +ready to receive data. +.IP \fBDTR(output)\fR +\fBData Terminal Ready:\fR This signal tells the modem that the workstation +is ready to establish a link. DTR is often enabled automatically whenever a +serial port is opened. +.IP \fBDSR(input)\fR +\fBData Set Ready:\fR The complement to DTR. Tells the workstation that the +modem is ready to establish a link. +.IP \fBDCD(input)\fR +\fBData Carrier Detect:\fR This line becomes active when a modem detects +a "Carrier" signal. +.IP \fBRI(input)\fR +\fBRing Indicator:\fR Goes active when the modem detects an incoming call. +.IP \fBBREAK\fR +A BREAK condition is not a hardware signal line, but a logical zero on the +TXD or RXD lines for a long period of time, usually 250 to 500 +milliseconds. Normally a receive or transmit data signal stays at the mark +(on=1) voltage until the next character is tranferred. A BREAK is sometimes +used to reset the communications line or change the operating mode of +cummunications hardware. +.RE + +.SH "ERROR CODES (Windows only)" +.PP +A lot of different errors may occur during serial read operations or during +event polling in background. The external device may have been switched +off, the data lines may be noisy, system buffers may overrun or your mode +settings may be wrong. That's why a reliable software should always +\fBcatch\fR serial read operations. In cases of an error Tcl returns a +general file I/O error. Then \fBfconfigure -lasterror\fR may help to +locate the problem. The following error codes may be returned. +.RS +.IP \fBRXOVER:\fR +Windows input buffer overrun. The data comes faster than your scripts reads +it or your system is overloaded. Use \fBfconfigure -sysbuffer\fR to avoid a +temporary bottleneck and/or make your script faster. +.IP \fBTXFULL\fR +Windows output buffer overrun. Complement to RXOVER. This error should +practically not happen, because Tcl cares about the output buffer status. +.IP \fBOVERRUN\fR +UART buffer overrun (hardware) with data lost. +The data comes faster than the system driver receives it. +Check your advanced serial port settings to enable the FIFO (16550) buffer +and/or setup a lower(1) interrupt threshold value. +.IP \fBRXPARITY\fR +A parity error has been detected by your UART. +Wrong parity settings with \fBfconfigure -mode\fR or a noisy data line (RXD) +may cause this error. +.IP \fBFRAME\fR +A stop-bit error has been detected by your UART. +Wrong mode settings with \fBfconfigure -mode\fR or a noisy data line (RXD) +may cause this error. +.IP \fBBREAK\fR +A BREAK condition has been detected by your UART (see above). +.RE .VE .SH "SEE ALSO" -close(n), flush(n), gets(n), puts(n), read(n), socket(n), Tcl_StandardChannels(3) +close(n), flush(n), gets(n), puts(n), read(n), socket(n), +Tcl_StandardChannels(3) .SH KEYWORDS blocking, buffering, carriage return, end of line, flushing, linemode, @@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. '\" -'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: open.n,v 1.12 2000/12/08 11:22:54 dkf Exp $ +'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: open.n,v 1.13 2001/10/15 17:35:05 hobbs Exp $ '\" .so man.macros -.TH open n 7.6 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" +.TH open n 8.3 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" .BS '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! .SH NAME @@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ open \- Open a file-based or command pipeline channel .SH DESCRIPTION .PP -.VS This command opens a file, serial port, or command pipeline and returns a -.VE channel identifier that may be used in future invocations of commands like \fBread\fR, \fBputs\fR, and \fBclose\fR. If the first character of \fIfileName\fR is not \fB|\fR then @@ -109,9 +107,6 @@ If a new file is created as part of opening it, \fIpermissions\fR conjunction with the process's file mode creation mask. \fIPermissions\fR defaults to 0666. .PP -'\" Not versioned as advice applies to all recent versions of Tcl. -'\" Prior to that, Tcl didn't really support binary files anyway... -.VS Note that if you are going to be reading or writing binary data from the channel created by this command, you should use the \fBfconfigure\fR command to change the \fB-translation\fR option of @@ -119,7 +114,7 @@ the channel to \fBbinary\fR before transferring any binary data. This is in contrast to the ``b'' character passed as part of the equivalent of the \fIaccess\fR parameter to some versions of the C library \fIfopen()\fR function. -.VE + .SH "COMMAND PIPELINES" .PP If the first character of \fIfileName\fR is ``|'' then the @@ -135,48 +130,19 @@ output unless overridden by the command. If read-only access is used (e.g. \fIaccess\fR is \fBr\fR), standard input for the pipeline is taken from the current standard input unless overridden by the command. + +.VS 8.4 .SH "SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS" -.VS .PP If \fIfileName\fR refers to a serial port, then the specified serial port is opened and initialized in a platform-dependent manner. Acceptable values for the \fIfileName\fR to use to open a serial port are described in the PORTABILITY ISSUES section. - -.SH "CONFIGURATION OPTIONS" -The \fBfconfigure\fR command can be used to query and set the following -configuration option for open serial ports: -.TP -\fB\-mode \fIbaud\fB,\fIparity\fB,\fIdata\fB,\fIstop\fR -. -This option is a set of 4 comma-separated values: the baud rate, parity, -number of data bits, and number of stop bits for this serial port. The -\fIbaud\fR rate is a simple integer that specifies the connection speed. -\fIParity\fR is one of the following letters: \fBn\fR, \fBo\fR, \fBe\fR, -\fBm\fR, \fBs\fR; respectively signifying the parity options of ``none'', -``odd'', ``even'', ``mark'', or ``space''. \fIData\fR is the number of -data bits and should be an integer from 5 to 8, while \fIstop\fR is the -number of stop bits and should be the integer 1 or 2. -.TP -\fB\-pollinterval \fImsec\fR -. -This option, available only on Windows for serial ports, is used to -set the maximum time between polling for fileevents. This affects the -time interval between checking for events throughout the Tcl -interpreter (the smallest value always wins). Use this option only if -you want to poll the serial port more often than 10 msec (the default). -.TP -\fB\-lasterror\fR -. -This option is available only on Windows for serial ports, and is -query only (will only be reported when directly requested). -In case of a serial communication error, \fBread\fR or \fBputs\fR -returns a general Tcl file I/O error. -\fBfconfigure -lasterror\fR can be called to get a list -of error details (e.g. FRAME RXOVER). +.PP +The \fBfconfigure\fR command can be used to query and set additional +configuration options specific to serial ports. .VE -.VS .SH "PORTABILITY ISSUES" .sp .TP |