diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/grid.n')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/grid.n | 253 |
1 files changed, 140 insertions, 113 deletions
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. '\" .so man.macros -.TH grid n 8.4 Tk "Tk Built-In Commands" +.TH grid n 8.5 Tk "Tk Built-In Commands" .BS '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! .SH NAME @@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ grid \- Geometry manager that arranges widgets in a grid .SH SYNOPSIS \fBgrid \fIoption arg \fR?\fIarg ...\fR? .BE - .SH DESCRIPTION .PP The \fBgrid\fR command is used to communicate with the grid @@ -25,9 +24,16 @@ on the \fIoption\fR argument: \fBgrid \fIslave \fR?\fIslave ...\fR? ?\fIoptions\fR? If the first argument to \fBgrid\fR is suitable as the first slave argument to \fBgrid configure\fR, either a window name (any value -starting with \fB.\fP) or one of the characters \fBx\fP or \fB^\fP +starting with \fB.\fR) or one of the characters \fBx\fR or \fB^\fR (see the \fBRELATIVE PLACEMENT\fR section below), then the command is processed in the same way as \fBgrid configure\fR. +.VS 8.5 +.TP +\fBgrid anchor \fImaster\fR ?\fIanchor\fR? +The anchor value controls how to place the grid within the master +when no row/column has any weight. See \fBTHE GRID ALGORITHM\fR below +for further details. The default \fIanchor\fR is \fInw\fR. +.VE 8.5 .TP \fBgrid bbox \fImaster\fR ?\fIcolumn row\fR? ?\fIcolumn2 row2\fR? With no arguments, @@ -35,71 +41,77 @@ the bounding box (in pixels) of the grid is returned. The return value consists of 4 integers. The first two are the pixel offset from the master window (x then y) of the top-left corner of the grid, and the second two integers are the width and height of the grid, -also in pixels. If a single \fIcolumn\fP and \fIrow\fP is specified on +also in pixels. If a single \fIcolumn\fR and \fIrow\fR is specified on the command line, then the bounding box for that cell is returned, where the -top left cell is numbered from zero. If both \fIcolumn\fP and \fIrow\fP +top left cell is numbered from zero. If both \fIcolumn\fR and \fIrow\fR arguments are specified, then the bounding box spanning the rows and columns indicated is returned. .TP \fBgrid columnconfigure \fImaster index \fR?\fI\-option value...\fR? -Query or set the column properties of the \fIindex\fP column of the -geometry master, \fImaster\fP. -.VS 8.4 -The valid options are \fB\-minsize\fP, \fB\-weight\fP, \fB\-uniform\fP -and \fB-pad\fP. -.VE 8.4 -If one or more options are provided, then \fIindex\fP may be given as +Query or set the column properties of the \fIindex\fR column of the +geometry master, \fImaster\fR. +The valid options are \fB\-minsize\fR, \fB\-weight\fR, \fB\-uniform\fR +and \fB\-pad\fR. +If one or more options are provided, then \fIindex\fR may be given as a list of column indices to which the configuration options will operate on. -The \fB\-minsize\fP option sets the minimum size, in screen units, +.VS 8.5 +Indices may be integers, window names or the keyword \fIall\fR. For \fIall\fR +the options apply to all columns currently occupied be slave windows. For +a window name, that window must be a slave of this master and the options +apply to all columns currently occupied be the slave. +.VE 8.5 +The \fB\-minsize\fR option sets the minimum size, in screen units, that will be permitted for this column. -The \fB\-weight\fP option (an integer value) +The \fB\-weight\fR option (an integer value) sets the relative weight for apportioning any extra spaces among columns. A weight of zero (0) indicates the column will not deviate from its requested size. A column whose weight is two will grow at twice the rate as a column of weight one when extra space is allocated to the layout. -.VS 8.4 -The \fB-uniform\fP option, when a non-empty value is supplied, places -the column in a \fIuniform group\fP with other columns that have the -same value for \fB-uniform\fP. The space for columns belonging to a +The \fB\-uniform\fR option, when a non-empty value is supplied, places +the column in a \fIuniform group\fR with other columns that have the +same value for \fB\-uniform\fR. The space for columns belonging to a uniform group is allocated so that their sizes are always in strict -proportion to their \fB-weight\fP values. See +proportion to their \fB\-weight\fR values. See \fBTHE GRID ALGORITHM\fR below for further details. -.VE 8.4 -The \fB-pad\fP option specifies the number of screen units that will be +The \fB\-pad\fR option specifies the number of screen units that will be added to the largest window contained completely in that column when the grid geometry manager requests a size from the containing window. If only an option is specified, with no value, the current value of that option is returned. If only the master window and index is specified, all the current settings -are returned in a list of "-option value" pairs. +are returned in a list of +.QW "\-option value" +pairs. .TP \fBgrid configure \fIslave \fR?\fIslave ...\fR? ?\fIoptions\fR? The arguments consist of the names of one or more slave windows followed by pairs of arguments that specify how to manage the slaves. -The characters \fB\-\fP, \fBx\fP and \fB^\fP, +The characters \fB\-\fR, \fBx\fR and \fB^\fR, can be specified instead of a window name to alter the default -location of a \fIslave\fP, as described in the \fBRELATIVE PLACEMENT\fR +location of a \fIslave\fR, as described in the \fBRELATIVE PLACEMENT\fR section, below. The following options are supported: .RS .TP \fB\-column \fIn\fR -Insert the slave so that it occupies the \fIn\fPth column in the grid. +Insert the slave so that it occupies the \fIn\fRth column in the grid. Column numbers start with 0. If this option is not supplied, then the slave is arranged just to the right of previous slave specified on this -call to \fIgrid\fP, or column "0" if it is the first slave. For each -\fBx\fP that immediately precedes the \fIslave\fP, the column position -is incremented by one. Thus the \fBx\fP represents a blank column +call to \fBgrid\fR, or column +.QW 0 +if it is the first slave. For each +\fBx\fR that immediately precedes the \fIslave\fR, the column position +is incremented by one. Thus the \fBx\fR represents a blank column for this row in the grid. .TP \fB\-columnspan \fIn\fR -Insert the slave so that it occupies \fIn\fP columns in the grid. +Insert the slave so that it occupies \fIn\fR columns in the grid. The default is one column, unless the window name is followed by a -\fB\-\fP, in which case the columnspan is incremented once for each immediately -following \fB\-\fP. +\fB\-\fR, in which case the columnspan is incremented once for each immediately +following \fB\-\fR. .TP \fB\-in \fIother\fR Insert the slave(s) in the master @@ -136,31 +148,34 @@ The \fIamount\fR defaults to 0. This space is added outside the slave(s) border. .TP \fB\-row \fIn\fR -Insert the slave so that it occupies the \fIn\fPth row in the grid. +Insert the slave so that it occupies the \fIn\fRth row in the grid. Row numbers start with 0. If this option is not supplied, then the slave is arranged on the same row as the previous slave specified on this -call to \fBgrid\fP, or the first unoccupied row if this is the first slave. +call to \fBgrid\fR, or the first unoccupied row if this is the first slave. .TP \fB\-rowspan \fIn\fR -Insert the slave so that it occupies \fIn\fP rows in the grid. -The default is one row. If the next \fBgrid\fP command contains -\fB^\fP characters instead of \fIslaves\fP that line up with the columns -of this \fIslave\fP, then the \fBrowspan\fP of this \fIslave\fP is +Insert the slave so that it occupies \fIn\fR rows in the grid. +The default is one row. If the next \fBgrid\fR command contains +\fB^\fR characters instead of \fIslaves\fR that line up with the columns +of this \fIslave\fR, then the \fBrowspan\fR of this \fIslave\fR is extended by one. .TP \fB\-sticky \fIstyle\fR If a slave's cell is larger than its requested dimensions, this option may be used to position (or stretch) the slave within its cell. \fIStyle\fR is a string that contains zero or more of the characters -\fBn\fP, \fBs\fP, \fBe\fP or \fBw\fP. +\fBn\fR, \fBs\fR, \fBe\fR or \fBw\fR. The string can optionally contains spaces or commas, but they are ignored. Each letter refers to a side (north, south, -east, or west) that the slave will "stick" to. If both \fBn\fP and \fBs\fP (or -\fBe\fP and \fBw\fP) are specified, the slave will be stretched to fill the entire -height (or width) of its cavity. The \fBsticky\fP option subsumes the -combination of \fB\-anchor\fP and \fB\-fill\fP that is used by \fBpack\fP. -The default is \fB{}\fP, which causes the slave to be centered in its cavity, -at its requested size. +east, or west) that the slave will +.QW stick +to. If both \fBn\fR and \fBs\fR (or \fBe\fR and \fBw\fR) are +specified, the slave will be stretched to fill the entire +height (or width) of its cavity. The \fBsticky\fR option subsumes the +combination of \fB\-anchor\fR and \fB\-fill\fR that is used by \fBpack\fR. +The default is +.QW "" , +which causes the slave to be centered in its cavity, at its requested size. .LP If any of the slaves are already managed by the geometry manager then any unspecified options for them retain their previous values rather @@ -179,13 +194,15 @@ default settings are used. Returns a list whose elements are the current configuration state of the slave given by \fIslave\fR in the same option-value form that might be specified to \fBgrid configure\fR. -The first two elements of the list are ``\fB\-in \fImaster\fR'' where -\fImaster\fR is the slave's master. +The first two elements of the list are +.QW "\fB\-in \fImaster\fR" +where \fImaster\fR is the slave's master. .TP \fBgrid location \fImaster x y\fR -Given \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP values in screen units relative to the master window, -the column and row number at that \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP location is returned. -For locations that are above or to the left of the grid, \fB-1\fP is returned. +Given \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR values in screen units relative to the master window, +the column and row number at that \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR location is returned. +For locations that are above or to the left of the grid, \fB\-1\fR is +returned. .TP \fBgrid propagate \fImaster\fR ?\fIboolean\fR? If \fIboolean\fR has a true boolean value such as \fB1\fR or \fBon\fR @@ -200,38 +217,42 @@ for \fImaster\fR. Propagation is enabled by default. .TP \fBgrid rowconfigure \fImaster index \fR?\fI\-option value...\fR? -Query or set the row properties of the \fIindex\fP row of the -geometry master, \fImaster\fP. -.VS 8.4 -The valid options are \fB\-minsize\fP, \fB\-weight\fP, \fB\-uniform\fP -and \fB-pad\fP. -.VE 8.4 -If one or more options are provided, then \fIindex\fP may be given as +Query or set the row properties of the \fIindex\fR row of the +geometry master, \fImaster\fR. +The valid options are \fB\-minsize\fR, \fB\-weight\fR, \fB\-uniform\fR +and \fB\-pad\fR. +If one or more options are provided, then \fIindex\fR may be given as a list of row indices to which the configuration options will operate on. -The \fB\-minsize\fP option sets the minimum size, in screen units, +.VS 8.5 +Indices may be integers, window names or the keyword \fIall\fR. For \fIall\fR +the options apply to all rows currently occupied be slave windows. For +a window name, that window must be a slave of this master and the options +apply to all rows currently occupied be the slave. +.VE 8.5 +The \fB\-minsize\fR option sets the minimum size, in screen units, that will be permitted for this row. -The \fB\-weight\fP option (an integer value) +The \fB\-weight\fR option (an integer value) sets the relative weight for apportioning any extra spaces among rows. A weight of zero (0) indicates the row will not deviate from its requested size. A row whose weight is two will grow at twice the rate as a row of weight one when extra space is allocated to the layout. -.VS 8.4 -The \fB-uniform\fP option, when a non-empty value is supplied, places -the row in a \fIuniform group\fP with other rows that have the -same value for \fB-uniform\fP. The space for rows belonging to a +The \fB\-uniform\fR option, when a non-empty value is supplied, places +the row in a \fIuniform group\fR with other rows that have the +same value for \fB\-uniform\fR. The space for rows belonging to a uniform group is allocated so that their sizes are always in strict -proportion to their \fB-weight\fP values. See +proportion to their \fB\-weight\fR values. See \fBTHE GRID ALGORITHM\fR below for further details. -.VE 8.4 -The \fB-pad\fP option specifies the number of screen units that will be +The \fB\-pad\fR option specifies the number of screen units that will be added to the largest window contained completely in that row when the grid geometry manager requests a size from the containing window. If only an option is specified, with no value, the current value of that option is returned. If only the master window and index is specified, all the current settings -are returned in a list of "-option value" pairs. +are returned in a list of +.QW "-option value" +pairs. .TP \fBgrid remove \fIslave \fR?\fIslave ...\fR? Removes each of the \fIslave\fRs from grid for its @@ -243,48 +264,48 @@ slave is managed once more by the grid geometry manager, the previous values are retained. .TP \fBgrid size \fImaster\fR -Returns the size of the grid (in columns then rows) for \fImaster\fP. -The size is determined either by the \fIslave\fP occupying the largest -row or column, or the largest column or row with a \fBminsize\fP, -\fBweight\fP, or \fBpad\fP that is non-zero. +Returns the size of the grid (in columns then rows) for \fImaster\fR. +The size is determined either by the \fIslave\fR occupying the largest +row or column, or the largest column or row with a \fBminsize\fR, +\fBweight\fR, or \fBpad\fR that is non-zero. .TP \fBgrid slaves \fImaster\fR ?\fI\-option value\fR? If no options are supplied, a list of all of the slaves in \fImaster\fR are returned, most recently manages first. -\fIOption\fP can be either \fB\-row\fP or \fB\-column\fP which -causes only the slaves in the row (or column) specified by \fIvalue\fP +\fIOption\fR can be either \fB\-row\fR or \fB\-column\fR which +causes only the slaves in the row (or column) specified by \fIvalue\fR to be returned. .SH "RELATIVE PLACEMENT" .PP -The \fBgrid\fP command contains a limited set of capabilities that +The \fBgrid\fR command contains a limited set of capabilities that permit layouts to be created without specifying the row and column information for each slave. This permits slaves to be rearranged, added, or removed without the need to explicitly specify row and column information. -When no column or row information is specified for a \fIslave\fP, +When no column or row information is specified for a \fIslave\fR, default values are chosen for -\fBcolumn\fP, \fBrow\fP, \fBcolumnspan\fP and \fBrowspan\fP -at the time the \fIslave\fP is managed. The values are chosen -based upon the current layout of the grid, the position of the \fIslave\fP -relative to other \fIslave\fPs in the same grid command, and the presence -of the characters \fB\-\fP, \fBx\fP, and \fB^\fP in \fBgrid\fP -command where \fIslave\fP names are normally expected. +\fBcolumn\fR, \fBrow\fR, \fBcolumnspan\fR and \fBrowspan\fR +at the time the \fIslave\fR is managed. The values are chosen +based upon the current layout of the grid, the position of the \fIslave\fR +relative to other \fIslave\fRs in the same grid command, and the presence +of the characters \fB\-\fR, \fBx\fR, and \fB^\fR in \fBgrid\fR +command where \fIslave\fR names are normally expected. .RS .TP -\fB\-\fP -This increases the columnspan of the \fIslave\fP to the left. Several -\fB\-\fP's in a row will successively increase the columnspan. A \fB\-\fP -may not follow a \fB^\fP or a \fBx\fP, nor may it be the first \fIslave\fP +\fB\-\fR +This increases the columnspan of the \fIslave\fR to the left. Several +\fB\-\fR's in a row will successively increase the columnspan. A \fB\-\fR +may not follow a \fB^\fR or a \fBx\fR, nor may it be the first \fIslave\fR argument to \fBgrid configure\fR. .TP -\fBx\fP -This leaves an empty column between the \fIslave\fP on the left and -the \fIslave\fP on the right. +\fBx\fR +This leaves an empty column between the \fIslave\fR on the left and +the \fIslave\fR on the right. .TP -\fB^\fP -This extends the \fBrowspan\fP of the \fIslave\fP above the \fB^\fP's -in the grid. The number of \fB^\fP's in a row must match the number of -columns spanned by the \fIslave\fP above it. +\fB^\fR +This extends the \fBrowspan\fR of the \fIslave\fR above the \fB^\fR's +in the grid. The number of \fB^\fR's in a row must match the number of +columns spanned by the \fIslave\fR above it. .RE .SH "THE GRID ALGORITHM" .PP @@ -296,46 +317,49 @@ In the second step, the requested size is compared against the actual size of the master. If the sizes are different, then spaces is added to or taken away from the layout as needed. For the final step, each slave is positioned in its row(s) and column(s) -based on the setting of its \fIsticky\fP flag. +based on the setting of its \fIsticky\fR flag. .PP To compute the minimum size of a layout, the grid geometry manager first looks at all slaves whose columnspan and rowspan values are one, and computes the nominal size of each row or column to be either the -\fIminsize\fP for that row or column, or the sum of the \fIpad\fPding +\fIminsize\fR for that row or column, or the sum of the \fIpad\fRding plus the size of the largest slave, whichever is greater. After that the rows or columns in each uniform group adapt to each other. Then the slaves whose rowspans or columnspans are greater than one are examined. If a group of rows or columns need to be increased in size in order to accommodate these slaves, then extra space is added to each -row or column in the group according to its \fIweight\fP. For each +row or column in the group according to its \fIweight\fR. For each group whose weights are all zero, the additional space is apportioned equally. .PP When multiple rows or columns belong to a uniform group, the space allocated to them is always in proportion to their weights. (A weight of zero is considered to be 1.) In other words, a row or column -configured with \fB-weight 1 -uniform a\fP will have exactly the same -size as any other row or column configured with \fB-weight 1 -uniform -a\fP. A row or column configured with \fB-weight 2 -uniform b\fR will -be exactly twice as large as one that is configured with \fB-weight 1 --uniform b\fP. +configured with \fB\-weight 1 \-uniform a\fR will have exactly the same +size as any other row or column configured with \fB\-weight 1 \-uniform +a\fR. A row or column configured with \fB\-weight 2 \-uniform b\fR will +be exactly twice as large as one that is configured with \fB\-weight 1 +\-uniform b\fR. .PP More technically, each row or column in the group will have a size -equal to \fIk*weight\fP for some constant \fIk\fP. The constant -\fIk\fP is chosen so that no row or column becomes smaller than its +equal to \fIk*weight\fR for some constant \fIk\fR. The constant +\fIk\fR is chosen so that no row or column becomes smaller than its minimum size. For example, if all rows or columns in a group have the same weight, then each row or column will have the same size as the largest row or column in the group. .PP +.VS 8.5 For masters whose size is larger than the requested layout, the additional space is apportioned according to the row and column weights. If all of -the weights are zero, the layout is centered within its master. +the weights are zero, the layout is placed within its master according to +the \fIanchor\fR value. For masters whose size is smaller than the requested layout, space is taken away from columns and rows according to their weights. However, once a column or row shrinks to its minsize, its weight is taken to be zero. If more space needs to be removed from a layout than would be permitted, as when all the rows or columns are at their minimum sizes, the layout is -clipped on the bottom and right. +placed and clipped according to the \fIanchor\fR value. +.VE 8.5 .SH "GEOMETRY PROPAGATION" .PP The grid geometry manager normally computes how large a master must be to @@ -357,19 +381,19 @@ The master for each slave must either be the slave's parent This restriction is necessary to guarantee that the slave can be placed over any part of its master that is visible without danger of the slave being clipped by its parent. -In addition, all slaves in one call to \fBgrid\fP must have the same master. +In addition, all slaves in one call to \fBgrid\fR must have the same master. .SH "STACKING ORDER" .PP If the master for a slave is not its parent then you must make sure that the slave is higher in the stacking order than the master. Otherwise the master will obscure the slave and it will appear as -if the slave hasn't been managed correctly. +if the slave has not been managed correctly. The easiest way to make sure the slave is higher than the master is to create the master window first: the most recently created window will be highest in the stacking order. .SH CREDITS .PP -The \fBgrid\fP command is based on ideas taken from the \fIGridBag\fP +The \fBgrid\fR command is based on ideas taken from the \fIGridBag\fR geometry manager written by Doug. Stein, and the \fBblt_table\fR geometry manager, written by George Howlett. .SH EXAMPLES @@ -378,27 +402,30 @@ A toplevel window containing a text widget and two scrollbars: # Make the widgets toplevel .t text .t.txt \-wrap none \-xscroll {.t.h set} \-yscroll {.t.v set} -scrollbar .t.v \-orient vertical \-command {.t.txt xview} +scrollbar .t.v \-orient vertical \-command {.t.txt yview} scrollbar .t.h \-orient horizontal \-command {.t.txt xview} + # Lay them out \fBgrid\fR .t.txt .t.v \-sticky nsew \fBgrid\fR .t.h \-sticky nsew + # Tell the text widget to take all the extra room -\fBgrid rowconfigure\fR .t 0 \-weight 1 -\fBgrid columnconfigure\fR .t 0 \-weight 1 +\fBgrid rowconfigure\fR .t .t.txt \-weight 1 +\fBgrid columnconfigure\fR .t .t.txt \-weight 1 .CE .PP -Three widgets of equal width, despite their different "natural" widths: +Three widgets of equal width, despite their different +.QW natural +widths: .CS button .b \-text "Foo" entry .e \-variable foo label .l \-text "This is a fairly long piece of text" + \fBgrid\fR .b .e .l \-sticky ew -\fBgrid columnconfigure\fR . {0 1 2} \-uniform allTheSame +\fBgrid columnconfigure\fR . "all" \-uniform allTheSame .CE - .SH "SEE ALSO" pack(n), place(n) - .SH KEYWORDS geometry manager, location, grid, cell, propagation, size, pack |