/* * tkMacOSXKeyEvent.c -- * * This file implements functions that decode & handle keyboard events * on MacOS X. * * Copyright 2001, Apple Computer, Inc. * * The following terms apply to all files originating from Apple * Computer, Inc. ("Apple") and associated with the software * unless explicitly disclaimed in individual files. * * * Apple hereby grants permission to use, copy, modify, * distribute, and license this software and its documentation * for any purpose, provided that existing copyright notices are * retained in all copies and that this notice is included * verbatim in any distributions. No written agreement, license, * or royalty fee is required for any of the authorized * uses. Modifications to this software may be copyrighted by * their authors and need not follow the licensing terms * described here, provided that the new terms are clearly * indicated on the first page of each file where they apply. * * * IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE, THE AUTHORS OR DISTRIBUTORS OF THE * SOFTWARE BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, * INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * THIS SOFTWARE, ITS DOCUMENTATION, OR ANY DERIVATIVES THEREOF, * EVEN IF APPLE OR THE AUTHORS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. APPLE, THE AUTHORS AND * DISTRIBUTORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. THIS * SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND APPLE,THE * AUTHORS AND DISTRIBUTORS HAVE NO OBLIGATION TO PROVIDE * MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS. * * GOVERNMENT USE: If you are acquiring this software on behalf * of the U.S. government, the Government shall have only * "Restricted Rights" in the software and related documentation * as defined in the Federal Acquisition Regulations (FARs) in * Clause 52.227.19 (c) (2). If you are acquiring the software * on behalf of the Department of Defense, the software shall be * classified as "Commercial Computer Software" and the * Government shall have only "Restricted Rights" as defined in * Clause 252.227-7013 (c) (1) of DFARs. Notwithstanding the * foregoing, the authors grant the U.S. Government and others * acting in its behalf permission to use and distribute the * software in accordance with the terms specified in this * license. */ #include "tkMacOSXInt.h" #include "tkPort.h" #include "tkMacOSXEvent.h" typedef struct { WindowRef whichWindow; Point global; Point local; int state; unsigned char ch; UInt32 keyCode; UInt32 keyModifiers; UInt32 message; } KeyEventData; static Tk_Window gGrabWinPtr = NULL; /* Current grab window, * NULL if no grab. */ static Tk_Window gKeyboardWinPtr = NULL; /* Current keyboard grab window. */ static UInt32 deadKeyStateUp = 0; /* The deadkey state for the current * sequence of keyup events or 0 if * not in a deadkey sequence */ static UInt32 deadKeyStateDown = 0; /* Ditto for keydown */ /* * Declarations for functions used only in this file. */ static int InitKeyData( KeyEventData * keyEventDataPtr); static int InitKeyEvent( XEvent * eventPtr, KeyEventData * e, UInt32 savedKeyCode, UInt32 savedModifiers); static int GenerateKeyEvent ( UInt32 eKind, KeyEventData * e, UInt32 savedKeyCode, UInt32 savedModifiers, const UniChar * chars, int numChars); static int GetKeyboardLayout ( Ptr * resource); static int KeycodeToUnicodeViaUnicodeResource( UniChar * uniChars, int maxChars, Ptr uchr, EventKind eKind, UInt32 keycode, UInt32 modifiers, UInt32 * deadKeyStatePtr); static int KeycodeToUnicodeViaKCHRResource( UniChar * uniChars, int maxChars, Ptr kchr, EventKind eKind, UInt32 keycode, UInt32 modifiers, UInt32 * deadKeyStatePtr); /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * TkMacOSXProcessKeyboardEvent -- * * This routine processes the event in eventPtr, and * generates the appropriate Tk events from it. * * Results: * True if event(s) are generated - false otherwise. * * Side effects: * Additional events may be place on the Tk event queue. * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ int TkMacOSXProcessKeyboardEvent( TkMacOSXEvent * eventPtr, MacEventStatus * statusPtr) { static UInt32 savedKeyCode = 0; static UInt32 savedModifiers = 0; static UniChar savedChar = 0; OSStatus status; KeyEventData keyEventData; #if 0 MenuRef menuRef; MenuItemIndex menuItemIndex; #endif int eventGenerated; UniChar uniChars[5]; /* make this larger, if needed */ UInt32 uniCharsLen; if (!InitKeyData(&keyEventData)) { statusPtr->err = 1; return false; } #if 0 /* * This block of code seems like a good idea, to trap * key-bindings which point directly to menus, but it * has a number of problems: * (1) when grabs are present we definitely don't want * to do this. * (2) Tk's semantics define accelerator keystrings in * menus as a purely visual adornment, and require that * the developer create separate bindings to trigger * them. This breaks those semantics. (i.e. Tk will * behave differently on Aqua to the behaviour on Unix/Win). * (3) Tk's bindings depend on the current window's bindtags, * which may be completely different to what happens to be * in some global menu (agreed, it shouldn't be that different, * but it often is). * * While a better middleground might be possible, the best, most * compatible, approach at present is to disable this block. */ if (IsMenuKeyEvent(NULL, eventPtr->eventRef, kNilOptions, &menuRef, &menuItemIndex)) { int oldMode; MenuID menuID; KeyMap theKeys; int selection; menuID = GetMenuID(menuRef); selection = (menuID << 16) | menuItemIndex; GetKeys(theKeys); oldMode = Tcl_SetServiceMode(TCL_SERVICE_ALL); TkMacOSXClearMenubarActive(); /* * Handle -postcommand */ TkMacOSXPreprocessMenu(); TkMacOSXHandleMenuSelect(selection, theKeys[1] & 4); Tcl_SetServiceMode(oldMode); return 0; /* TODO: may not be on event on queue. */ } #endif status = GetEventParameter(eventPtr->eventRef, kEventParamKeyMacCharCodes, typeChar, NULL, sizeof(keyEventData.ch), NULL, &keyEventData.ch); if (status != noErr) { fprintf (stderr, "Failed to retrieve KeyMacCharCodes\n"); statusPtr->err = 1; return false; } status = GetEventParameter(eventPtr->eventRef, kEventParamKeyCode, typeUInt32, NULL, sizeof(keyEventData.keyCode), NULL, &keyEventData.keyCode); if (status != noErr) { fprintf (stderr, "Failed to retrieve KeyCode\n"); statusPtr->err = 1; return false; } status = GetEventParameter(eventPtr->eventRef, kEventParamKeyModifiers, typeUInt32, NULL, sizeof(keyEventData.keyModifiers), NULL, &keyEventData.keyModifiers); if (status != noErr) { fprintf (stderr, "Failed to retrieve KeyModifiers\n"); statusPtr->err = 1; return false; } switch (eventPtr->eKind) { case kEventRawKeyUp: case kEventRawKeyDown: case kEventRawKeyRepeat: { UInt32 *deadKeyStatePtr; if (kEventRawKeyDown == eventPtr->eKind) { deadKeyStatePtr = &deadKeyStateDown; } else { deadKeyStatePtr = &deadKeyStateUp; } uniCharsLen = TkMacOSXKeycodeToUnicode( uniChars, sizeof(uniChars)/sizeof(*uniChars), eventPtr->eKind, keyEventData.keyCode, keyEventData.keyModifiers, deadKeyStatePtr); } } if (kEventRawKeyUp == eventPtr->eKind) { /* * For some reason the deadkey processing for KeyUp doesn't work * sometimes, so we fudge and use the last detected KeyDown. */ if((0 == uniCharsLen) && (0 != savedChar)) { uniChars[0] = savedChar; uniCharsLen = 1; } /* * Suppress keyup events while we have a deadkey sequence on keydown. * We still *do* want to collect deadkey state in this situation if * the system provides it, that's why we do this only after * TkMacOSXKeycodeToUnicode(). */ if (0 != deadKeyStateDown) { uniCharsLen = 0; } } keyEventData.message = keyEventData.ch|(keyEventData.keyCode << 8); eventGenerated = GenerateKeyEvent( eventPtr->eKind, &keyEventData, savedKeyCode, savedModifiers, uniChars, uniCharsLen); savedModifiers = keyEventData.keyModifiers; if ((kEventRawKeyDown == eventPtr->eKind) && (uniCharsLen > 0)) { savedChar = uniChars[0]; } else { savedChar = 0; } statusPtr->stopProcessing = 1; if (eventGenerated == 0) { savedKeyCode = keyEventData.message; return false; } else if (eventGenerated == -1) { savedKeyCode = 0; statusPtr->stopProcessing = 0; return false; } else { savedKeyCode = 0; return true; } } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * GenerateKeyEvent -- * * Given Macintosh keyUp, keyDown & autoKey events (in their "raw" * form) and a list of unicode characters this function generates the * appropriate X key events. * * Parameter eKind is a raw keyboard event. e contains the data sent * with the event. savedKeyCode and savedModifiers contain the values * from the last event that came before (see * TkMacOSXProcessKeyboardEvent()). chars/numChars has the Unicode * characters for which we want to create events. * * Results: * 1 if an event was generated, -1 for any error. * * Side effects: * Additional events may be place on the Tk event queue. * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ static int GenerateKeyEvent( UInt32 eKind, KeyEventData * e, UInt32 savedKeyCode, UInt32 savedModifiers, const UniChar * chars, int numChars) { XEvent event; int i; if (-1 == InitKeyEvent(&event, e, savedKeyCode, savedModifiers)) { return -1; } if (kEventRawKeyModifiersChanged == eKind) { if (savedModifiers > e->keyModifiers) { event.xany.type = KeyRelease; } else { event.xany.type = KeyPress; } /* * Use special '-1' to signify a special keycode to our * platform specific code in tkMacOSXKeyboard.c. This is * rather like what happens on Windows. */ event.xany.send_event = -1; /* * Set keycode (which was zero) to the changed modifier */ event.xkey.keycode = (e->keyModifiers ^ savedModifiers); Tk_QueueWindowEvent(&event, TCL_QUEUE_TAIL); } else { for (i=0; ikeyModifiers) || (chars[i] >= ' ')) { int done; done = Tcl_UniCharToUtf(chars[i],event.xkey.trans_chars); event.xkey.trans_chars[done] = 0; } switch(eKind) { case kEventRawKeyDown: event.xany.type = KeyPress; Tk_QueueWindowEvent(&event, TCL_QUEUE_TAIL); break; case kEventRawKeyUp: event.xany.type = KeyRelease; Tk_QueueWindowEvent(&event, TCL_QUEUE_TAIL); break; case kEventRawKeyRepeat: event.xany.type = KeyRelease; Tk_QueueWindowEvent(&event, TCL_QUEUE_TAIL); event.xany.type = KeyPress; Tk_QueueWindowEvent(&event, TCL_QUEUE_TAIL); break; default: fprintf (stderr, "GenerateKeyEvent(): Invalid parameter eKind %d\n", (int) eKind); return -1; } } } return 1; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * InitKeyData -- * * This routine initializes a KeyEventData structure by asking the OS * and Tk for all the global information needed here. * * Results: * True if the current front window can be found in Tk data structures * - false otherwise. * * Side Effects: * None * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ static int InitKeyData(KeyEventData * keyEventDataPtr) { memset (keyEventDataPtr, 0, sizeof(*keyEventDataPtr)); keyEventDataPtr->whichWindow = FrontNonFloatingWindow(); if (keyEventDataPtr->whichWindow == NULL) { return false; } GetMouse(&keyEventDataPtr->local); keyEventDataPtr->global = keyEventDataPtr->local; LocalToGlobal(&keyEventDataPtr->global); keyEventDataPtr->state = TkMacOSXButtonKeyState(); return true; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * InitKeyEvent -- * * Initialize an XEvent structure by asking Tk for global information. * Also uses a KeyEventData structure and other current state. * * Results: * 1 on success, -1 for any error. * * Side effects: * Additional events may be place on the Tk event queue. * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* * We have a general problem here. How do we handle 'Option-char' * keypresses? The problem is that we might want to bind to some of these * (e.g. Cmd-Opt-d is 'uncomment' in Alpha). OTOH Option-d actually produces * a real character on MacOS, namely a mathematical delta. * * The current behaviour is that a binding goes by the combinations of * modifiers and base keysym, that is Option-d. The string value of the * event is the mathematical delta character, so if no binding calls * [break], the text widget will insert that character. * * Note that this is similar to control combinations on all platforms. They * also generate events that have the base character as keysym and a real * control character as character value. So Ctrl+C gets us the keysym XK_C, * the modifier Control (so you can bind ) and a string value as * "\u0003". * * For a different solutions we may want for the event to contain keysyms for * *both* the 'Opt-d' side of things and the mathematical delta. Then a * binding on Opt-d will trigger, but a binding on mathematical delta would * also trigger. This would require changes in the core, though. */ static int InitKeyEvent( XEvent * eventPtr, KeyEventData * e, UInt32 savedKeyCode, UInt32 savedModifiers) { Window window; Tk_Window tkwin; TkDisplay *dispPtr; /* * The focus must be in the FrontWindow on the Macintosh. * We then query Tk to determine the exact Tk window * that owns the focus. */ window = TkMacOSXGetXWindow(e->whichWindow); dispPtr = TkGetDisplayList(); tkwin = Tk_IdToWindow(dispPtr->display, window); if (tkwin == NULL) { fprintf(stderr,"tkwin == NULL, %d\n", __LINE__); return -1; } tkwin = (Tk_Window) ((TkWindow *) tkwin)->dispPtr->focusPtr; if (tkwin == NULL) { fprintf(stderr,"tkwin == NULL, %d\n", __LINE__); return -1; } eventPtr->xany.send_event = false; eventPtr->xany.serial = Tk_Display(tkwin)->request; eventPtr->xkey.same_screen = true; eventPtr->xkey.subwindow = None; eventPtr->xkey.time = TkpGetMS(); eventPtr->xkey.x_root = e->global.h; eventPtr->xkey.y_root = e->global.v; eventPtr->xkey.window = Tk_WindowId(tkwin); eventPtr->xkey.display = Tk_Display(tkwin); eventPtr->xkey.root = XRootWindow(Tk_Display(tkwin), 0); eventPtr->xkey.state = e->state; eventPtr->xkey.trans_chars[0] = 0; Tk_TopCoordsToWindow( tkwin, e->local.h, e->local.v, &eventPtr->xkey.x, &eventPtr->xkey.y); eventPtr->xkey.keycode = e->ch | ((savedKeyCode & charCodeMask) << 8) | ((e->message&keyCodeMask) << 8); return 1; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * GetKeyboardLayout -- * * Queries the OS for a pointer to a keyboard resource. * * This function works with the keyboard layout switch menu that * we have in 10.2. * * Results: * 1 if there is returned a Unicode 'uchr' resource in * "*resource", 0 if it is a classic 'KCHR' resource. A pointer * to the actual resource data goes into *resource. * * Side effects: * Sets some internal static variables. * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ static int GetKeyboardLayout (Ptr * resource) { static Boolean initialized = false; static SInt16 lastKeyLayoutID = -1; static Handle uchrHnd = NULL; static Handle KCHRHnd = NULL; SInt16 keyScript; SInt16 keyLayoutID; keyScript = GetScriptManagerVariable(smKeyScript); keyLayoutID = GetScriptVariable(keyScript,smScriptKeys); if (!initialized || (lastKeyLayoutID != keyLayoutID)) { initialized = true; deadKeyStateUp = deadKeyStateDown = 0; lastKeyLayoutID = keyLayoutID; uchrHnd = GetResource('uchr',keyLayoutID); if (NULL == uchrHnd) { KCHRHnd = GetResource('KCHR',keyLayoutID); } if ((NULL == uchrHnd) && (NULL == KCHRHnd)) { initialized = false; fprintf (stderr, "GetKeyboardLayout(): " "Can't get a keyboard layout for layout %d " "(error code %d)?\n", (int) keyLayoutID, (int) ResError()); *resource = (Ptr) GetScriptManagerVariable(smKCHRCache); fprintf (stderr, "GetKeyboardLayout(): Trying the cache: %p\n", *resource); return 0; } } if (NULL != uchrHnd) { *resource = *uchrHnd; return 1; } else { *resource = *KCHRHnd; return 0; } } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * KeycodeToUnicodeViaUnicodeResource -- * * Given MacOS key event data this function generates the Unicode * characters. It does this using a 'uchr' and the UCKeyTranslate * API. * * The parameter deadKeyStatePtr can be NULL, if no deadkey handling * is needed. * * Tested and known to work with US, Hebrew, Greek and Russian layouts * as well as "Unicode Hex Input". * * Results: * The number of characters generated if any, 0 if we are waiting for * another byte of a dead-key sequence. Fills in the uniChars array * with a Unicode string. * * Side Effects: * None * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ static int KeycodeToUnicodeViaUnicodeResource( UniChar * uniChars, int maxChars, Ptr uchr, EventKind eKind, UInt32 keycode, UInt32 modifiers, UInt32 * deadKeyStatePtr) { int action; unsigned long keyboardType; OptionBits options = 0; UInt32 dummy_state; UniCharCount actuallength; OSStatus status; keycode &= 0xFF; modifiers = (modifiers >> 8) & 0xFF; keyboardType = LMGetKbdType(); if (NULL==deadKeyStatePtr) { options = kUCKeyTranslateNoDeadKeysMask; dummy_state = 0; deadKeyStatePtr = &dummy_state; } switch(eKind) { case kEventRawKeyDown: action = kUCKeyActionDown; break; case kEventRawKeyUp: action = kUCKeyActionUp; break; case kEventRawKeyRepeat: action = kUCKeyActionAutoKey; break; default: fprintf (stderr, "KeycodeToUnicodeViaUnicodeResource(): " "Invalid parameter eKind %d\n", (int) eKind); return 0; } status = UCKeyTranslate( (const UCKeyboardLayout *) uchr, keycode, action, modifiers, keyboardType, options, deadKeyStatePtr, maxChars, &actuallength, uniChars); if ((0 == actuallength) && (0 != *deadKeyStatePtr)) { /* * More data later */ return 0; } /* * some IMEs leave residue :-( */ *deadKeyStatePtr = 0; if (noErr != status) { fprintf(stderr,"UCKeyTranslate failed: %d", (int) status); actuallength = 0; } return actuallength; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * KeycodeToUnicodeViaKCHRResource -- * * Given MacOS key event data this function generates the Unicode * characters. It does this using a 'KCHR' and the KeyTranslate API. * * The parameter deadKeyStatePtr can be NULL, if no deadkey handling * is needed. * * Results: * The number of characters generated if any, 0 if we are waiting for * another byte of a dead-key sequence. Fills in the uniChars array * with a Unicode string. * * Side Effects: * None * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ static int KeycodeToUnicodeViaKCHRResource( UniChar * uniChars, int maxChars, Ptr kchr, EventKind eKind, UInt32 keycode, UInt32 modifiers, UInt32 * deadKeyStatePtr) { UInt32 result; char macBuff[3]; char * macStr; int macStrLen; UInt32 dummy_state = 0; if (NULL == deadKeyStatePtr) { deadKeyStatePtr = &dummy_state; } keycode |= modifiers; result = KeyTranslate(kchr, keycode, deadKeyStatePtr); if ((0 == result) && (0 != dummy_state)) { /* * 'dummy_state' gets only filled if the caller did not want deadkey * processing (deadKeyStatePtr was NULL originally), but we still * have a deadkey. We just push the keycode for the space bar to get * the real key value. */ result = KeyTranslate(kchr, 0x31, deadKeyStatePtr); *deadKeyStatePtr = 0; } if ((0 == result) && (0 != *deadKeyStatePtr)) { /* * More data later */ return 0; } macBuff[0] = (char) (result >> 16); macBuff[1] = (char) result; macBuff[2] = 0; if (0 != macBuff[0]) { /* * If the first byte is valid, the second is too */ macStr = macBuff; macStrLen = 2; } else if (0 != macBuff[1]) { /* * Only the second is valid */ macStr = macBuff+1; macStrLen = 1; } else { /* * No valid bytes at all -- shouldn't happen */ macStr = NULL; macStrLen = 0; } if (macStrLen <= 0) { return 0; } else { /* * Use the CFString conversion routines. This is the easiest and * most compatible way to get from an 8-bit string and a MacOS script * code to a Unicode string. */ CFStringRef cfString; int uniStrLen; cfString = CFStringCreateWithCStringNoCopy( NULL, macStr, GetScriptManagerVariable(smKeyScript), kCFAllocatorNull); uniStrLen = CFStringGetLength(cfString); if (uniStrLen > maxChars) { uniStrLen = maxChars; } CFStringGetCharacters(cfString, CFRangeMake(0,uniStrLen), uniChars); CFRelease(cfString); return uniStrLen; } } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * TkMacOSXKeycodeToUnicode -- * * Given MacOS key event data this function generates the Unicode * characters. It does this using OS resources and APIs. * * The parameter deadKeyStatePtr can be NULL, if no deadkey handling * is needed. * * This function is called from XKeycodeToKeysym() in * tkMacOSKeyboard.c. * * Results: * The number of characters generated if any, 0 if we are waiting for * another byte of a dead-key sequence. Fills in the uniChars array * with a Unicode string. * * Side Effects: * None * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ int TkMacOSXKeycodeToUnicode( UniChar * uniChars, int maxChars, EventKind eKind, UInt32 keycode, UInt32 modifiers, UInt32 * deadKeyStatePtr) { Ptr resource = NULL; int len; if (GetKeyboardLayout(&resource)) { len = KeycodeToUnicodeViaUnicodeResource( uniChars, maxChars, resource, eKind, keycode, modifiers, deadKeyStatePtr); } else { len = KeycodeToUnicodeViaKCHRResource( uniChars, maxChars, resource, eKind, keycode, modifiers, deadKeyStatePtr); } return len; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * XGrabKeyboard -- * * Simulates a keyboard grab by setting the focus. * * Results: * Always returns GrabSuccess. * * Side effects: * Sets the keyboard focus to the specified window. * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ int XGrabKeyboard( Display* display, Window grab_window, Bool owner_events, int pointer_mode, int keyboard_mode, Time time) { gKeyboardWinPtr = Tk_IdToWindow(display, grab_window); return GrabSuccess; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * XUngrabKeyboard -- * * Releases the simulated keyboard grab. * * Results: * None. * * Side effects: * Sets the keyboard focus back to the value before the grab. * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void XUngrabKeyboard( Display* display, Time time) { gKeyboardWinPtr = NULL; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * TkMacOSXGetCapture -- * * Results: * Returns the current grab window * Side effects: * None. * */ Tk_Window TkMacOSXGetCapture() { return gGrabWinPtr; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * TkpSetCapture -- * * This function captures the mouse so that all future events * will be reported to this window, even if the mouse is outside * the window. If the specified window is NULL, then the mouse * is released. * * Results: * None. * * Side effects: * Sets the capture flag and captures the mouse. * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void TkpSetCapture( TkWindow *winPtr) /* Capture window, or NULL. */ { while ((winPtr != NULL) && !Tk_IsTopLevel(winPtr)) { winPtr = winPtr->parentPtr; } gGrabWinPtr = (Tk_Window) winPtr; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * Tk_SetCaretPos -- * * This enables correct placement of the XIM caret. This is called * by widgets to indicate their cursor placement, and the caret * location is used by TkpGetString to place the XIM caret. * * Results: * None * * Side effects: * None * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void Tk_SetCaretPos(tkwin, x, y, height) Tk_Window tkwin; int x; int y; int height; { }