1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
|
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!DOCTYPE sconsdoc [
<!ENTITY % scons SYSTEM "../scons.mod">
%scons;
<!ENTITY % builders-mod SYSTEM "../generated/builders.mod">
%builders-mod;
<!ENTITY % functions-mod SYSTEM "../generated/functions.mod">
%functions-mod;
<!ENTITY % tools-mod SYSTEM "../generated/tools.mod">
%tools-mod;
<!ENTITY % variables-mod SYSTEM "../generated/variables.mod">
%variables-mod;
]>
<chapter id="chap-install"
xmlns="http://www.scons.org/dbxsd/v1.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.scons.org/dbxsd/v1.0 scons.xsd">
<title>Installing Files in Other Directories: the &Install; Builder</title>
<!--
__COPYRIGHT__
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-->
<para>
Once a program is built,
it is often appropriate to install it in another
directory for public use.
You use the &Install; method
to arrange for a program, or any other file,
to be copied into a destination directory:
</para>
<scons_example name="install_ex1">
<file name="SConstruct" printme="1">
env = Environment()
hello = env.Program('hello.c')
env.Install('__ROOT__/usr/bin', hello)
</file>
<file name="hello.c">
int main() { printf("Hello, world!\n"); }
</file>
</scons_example>
<para>
Note, however, that installing a file is
still considered a type of file "build."
This is important when you remember that
the default behavior of &SCons; is
to build files in or below the current directory.
If, as in the example above,
you are installing files in a directory
outside of the top-level &SConstruct; file's directory tree,
you must specify that directory
(or a higher directory, such as <literal>/</literal>)
for it to install anything there:
</para>
<scons_output example="install_ex1" suffix="1">
<scons_output_command>scons -Q</scons_output_command>
<scons_output_command>scons -Q __ROOT__/usr/bin</scons_output_command>
</scons_output>
<para>
It can, however, be cumbersome to remember
(and type) the specific destination directory
in which the program (or any other file)
should be installed.
This is an area where the &Alias;
function comes in handy,
allowing you, for example,
to create a pseudo-target named <literal>install</literal>
that can expand to the specified destination directory:
</para>
<scons_example name="install_ex2">
<file name="SConstruct" printme="1">
env = Environment()
hello = env.Program('hello.c')
env.Install('__ROOT__/usr/bin', hello)
env.Alias('install', '__ROOT__/usr/bin')
</file>
<file name="hello.c">
int main() { printf("Hello, world!\n"); }
</file>
</scons_example>
<para>
This then yields the more natural
ability to install the program
in its destination as follows:
</para>
<scons_output example="install_ex2" suffix="1">
<scons_output_command>scons -Q</scons_output_command>
<scons_output_command>scons -Q install</scons_output_command>
</scons_output>
<section>
<title>Installing Multiple Files in a Directory</title>
<para>
You can install multiple files into a directory
simply by calling the &Install; function multiple times:
</para>
<scons_example name="install_ex3">
<file name="SConstruct" printme="1">
env = Environment()
hello = env.Program('hello.c')
goodbye = env.Program('goodbye.c')
env.Install('__ROOT__/usr/bin', hello)
env.Install('__ROOT__/usr/bin', goodbye)
env.Alias('install', '__ROOT__/usr/bin')
</file>
<file name="hello.c">
int main() { printf("Hello, world!\n"); }
</file>
<file name="goodbye.c">
int main() { printf("Goodbye, world!\n"); }
</file>
</scons_example>
<para>
Or, more succinctly, listing the multiple input
files in a list
(just like you can do with any other builder):
</para>
<sconstruct>
env = Environment()
hello = env.Program('hello.c')
goodbye = env.Program('goodbye.c')
env.Install('__ROOT__/usr/bin', [hello, goodbye])
env.Alias('install', '__ROOT__/usr/bin')
</sconstruct>
<para>
Either of these two examples yields:
</para>
<scons_output example="install_ex3" suffix="1">
<scons_output_command>scons -Q install</scons_output_command>
</scons_output>
</section>
<section>
<title>Installing a File Under a Different Name</title>
<para>
The &Install; method preserves the name
of the file when it is copied into the
destination directory.
If you need to change the name of the file
when you copy it, use the &InstallAs; function:
</para>
<scons_example name="install_ex4">
<file name="SConstruct" printme="1">
env = Environment()
hello = env.Program('hello.c')
env.InstallAs('__ROOT__/usr/bin/hello-new', hello)
env.Alias('install', '__ROOT__/usr/bin')
</file>
<file name="hello.c">
int main() { printf("Hello, world!\n"); }
</file>
</scons_example>
<para>
This installs the <literal>hello</literal>
program with the name <literal>hello-new</literal>
as follows:
</para>
<scons_output example="install_ex4" suffix="1">
<scons_output_command>scons -Q install</scons_output_command>
</scons_output>
</section>
<section>
<title>Installing Multiple Files Under Different Names</title>
<para>
Lastly, if you have multiple files that all
need to be installed with different file names,
you can either call the &InstallAs; function
multiple times, or as a shorthand,
you can supply same-length lists
for both the target and source arguments:
</para>
<scons_example name="install_ex5">
<file name="SConstruct" printme="1">
env = Environment()
hello = env.Program('hello.c')
goodbye = env.Program('goodbye.c')
env.InstallAs(['__ROOT__/usr/bin/hello-new',
'__ROOT__/usr/bin/goodbye-new'],
[hello, goodbye])
env.Alias('install', '__ROOT__/usr/bin')
</file>
<file name="hello.c">
int main() { printf("Hello, world!\n"); }
</file>
<file name="goodbye.c">
int main() { printf("Goodbye, world!\n"); }
</file>
</scons_example>
<para>
In this case, the &InstallAs; function
loops through both lists simultaneously,
and copies each source file into its corresponding
target file name:
</para>
<scons_output example="install_ex5" suffix="1">
<scons_output_command>scons -Q install</scons_output_command>
</scons_output>
</section>
</chapter>
|