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<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!--
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright The SCons Foundation (https://scons.org)
SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
SPDX-FileType: DOCUMENTATION
This file is processed by the bin/SConsDoc.py module.
-->
<!DOCTYPE sconsdoc [
<!ENTITY % scons SYSTEM "../scons.mod">
%scons;
<!ENTITY % builders-mod SYSTEM "../generated/builders.mod">
%builders-mod;
<!ENTITY % functions-mod SYSTEM "../generated/functions.mod">
%functions-mod;
<!ENTITY % tools-mod SYSTEM "../generated/tools.mod">
%tools-mod;
<!ENTITY % variables-mod SYSTEM "../generated/variables.mod">
%variables-mod;
]>
<appendix id="app-tasks"
xmlns="http://www.scons.org/dbxsd/v1.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.scons.org/dbxsd/v1.0 http://www.scons.org/dbxsd/v1.0/scons.xsd">
<title>Handling Common Tasks</title>
<para>
There is a common set of simple tasks that many build configurations rely
on as they become more complex. Most build tools have special
purpose constructs for performing these tasks, but since &SConscript;
files are &Python; scripts, you can use more flexible built-in &Python;
services to perform these tasks. This appendix lists a number of these
tasks and how to implement them in &Python; and &SCons;.
</para>
<example>
<title>Wildcard globbing to create a list of filenames</title>
<programlisting>
files = Glob(wildcard)
</programlisting>
</example>
<example>
<title>Filename extension substitution</title>
<programlisting>
import os.path
filename = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]+extension
</programlisting>
</example>
<example>
<title>Appending a path prefix to a list of filenames</title>
<programlisting>
import os.path
filenames = [os.path.join(prefix, x) for x in filenames]
</programlisting>
</example>
<example>
<title>Substituting a path prefix with another one</title>
<programlisting>
if filename.find(old_prefix) == 0:
filename = filename.replace(old_prefix, new_prefix)
</programlisting>
</example>
<example>
<title>Filtering a filename list to exclude/retain only a specific set
of extensions</title>
<programlisting>
import os.path
filenames = [x for x in filenames if os.path.splitext(x)[1] in extensions]
</programlisting>
</example>
<example>
<title>The "backtick function": run a shell command and capture the
output</title>
<programlisting>import subprocess
output = subprocess.check_output(command)
</programlisting>
</example>
<example>
<title>Generating source code: how code can be generated and used by SCons</title>
<para>
The Copy builders here could be any arbitrary shell or python function
that produces one or more files. This example shows how to create
those files and use them in &SCons;.
</para>
<scons_example name="tasks_ex1">
<file name="SConstruct" printme="1">
#### SConstruct
env = Environment()
env.Append(CPPPATH = "#")
## Header example
env.Append(BUILDERS =
{'Copy1' : Builder(action = 'cat < $SOURCE > $TARGET',
suffix='.h', src_suffix='.bar')})
env.Copy1('test.bar') # produces test.h from test.bar.
env.Program('app','main.cpp') # indirectly depends on test.bar
## Source file example
env.Append(BUILDERS =
{'Copy2' : Builder(action = 'cat < $SOURCE > $TARGET',
suffix='.cpp', src_suffix='.bar2')})
foo = env.Copy2('foo.bar2') # produces foo.cpp from foo.bar2.
env.Program('app2',['main2.cpp'] + foo) # compiles main2.cpp and foo.cpp into app2.
</file>
<file name="main.cpp">
#include "test.h"
</file>
<file name="test.bar">
// nothing here
</file>
<file name="main2.cpp">
//// main2.cpp
</file>
<file name="foo.bar2">
// nothing here
</file>
</scons_example>
<para>
Where main.cpp looks like this:
</para>
<scons_example_file example="tasks_ex1" name="main.cpp">
</scons_example_file>
<para>
produces this:
</para>
<scons_output example="tasks_ex1" suffix="1">
<scons_output_command>scons -Q</scons_output_command>
</scons_output>
</example>
</appendix>
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