upgrade ast 8.7.1

1 files changed, 5330 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/ast/timemap.c b/ast/timemap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7eef60b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ast/timemap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5330 @@
+/*
+*class++
+*  Name:
+*     TimeMap
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Sequence of time coordinate conversions.
+
+*  Constructor Function:
+c     astTimeMap (also see astTimeAdd)
+f     AST_TIMEMAP (also see AST_TIMEADD)
+
+*  Description:
+*     A TimeMap is a specialised form of 1-dimensional Mapping which can be
+*     used to represent a sequence of conversions between standard time
+*     coordinate systems.
+*
+*     When a TimeMap is first created, it simply performs a unit
+c     (null) Mapping. Using the astTimeAdd
+f     (null) Mapping. Using the AST_TIMEADD
+c     function, a series of coordinate conversion steps may then be
+f     routine, a series of coordinate conversion steps may then be
+*     added. This allows multi-step conversions between a variety of
+*     time coordinate systems to be assembled out of a set of building
+*     blocks.
+*
+*     For details of the individual coordinate conversions available,
+c     see the description of the astTimeAdd function.
+f     see the description of the AST_TIMEADD routine.
+
+*  Inheritance:
+*     The TimeMap class inherits from the Mapping class.
+
+*  Attributes:
+*     The TimeMap class does not define any new attributes beyond those
+*     which are applicable to all Mappings.
+
+*  Functions:
+c     In addition to those functions applicable to all Mappings, the
+c     following function may also be applied to all TimeMaps:
+f     In addition to those routines applicable to all Mappings, the
+f     following routine may also be applied to all TimeMaps:
+*
+c     - astTimeAdd: Add a time coordinate conversion to an TimeMap
+f     - AST_TIMEADD: Add a time coordinate conversion to an TimeMap
+
+*  Copyright:
+*     Copyright (C) 1997-2006 Council for the Central Laboratory of the
+*     Research Councils
+*     Copyright (C) 2009 Science & Technology Facilities Council.
+*     All Rights Reserved.
+
+*  Licence:
+*     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
+*     modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+*     License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either
+*     version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
+*     version.
+*
+*     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*     GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+*
+*     You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
+*     License along with this program.  If not, see
+*     <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+*  Authors:
+*     NG: Norman Gray (Starlink)
+*     DSB: David Berry (Starlink)
+
+*  History:
+*     5-Sep-2003 (NG):
+*        Original version (drawing heavily on specmap.c)
+*     25-MAY-2005 (DSB):
+*        Extensive modifications to make it more AST-like.
+*     10-AUG-2005 (DSB):
+*        Add 2006 leap second.
+*     14-FEB-2006 (DSB):
+*        Override astGetObjSize.
+*     10-MAY-2006 (DSB):
+*        Override astEqual.
+*     15-OCT-2006 (DSB):
+*        Add conversions between UT1 and UTC (UTTOUTC and UTCTOUT).
+*     3-APR-2008 (DSB):
+*        Only call memcpy if the source and destination pointers are
+*        different.
+*     15-APR-2008 (DSB):
+*        Add missing "break;" statement to "case AST__LMSTTOGMST:"
+*        in Transform.
+*     20-MAY-2008 (DSB):
+*        Add conversions between Local Time and UTC (LTTOUTC and UTCTOLT).
+*     18-JUN-2009 (DSB):
+*        Add OBSALT to argument list for TTTOTDB and TDBTOTT. Change
+*        CLOCKLAT/LON to OBSLAT/LON for consistency with other classes.
+*     1-SEP-2016 (DSB):
+*        Add 2017 January 1 leap second.
+*     11-NOV-2016 (DSB):
+*        Add argument "narg" to astTimeAdd method.
+*     5-APR-2017 (GSB):
+*        Add DTAI argument for TAITOUTC and UTCTOTAI.
+*     28-APR-2017 (DSB):
+*        - Fix bug in MapMerge that prevented adjacent TAITOUTC and UTCTOTAI
+*        conversions cancelling out.
+*        - Add DTAI argument for TTTOTDB and TDBTOTT.
+*class--
+*/
+
+/* Module Macros. */
+/* ============== */
+/* Set the name of the class we are implementing. This indicates to
+   the header files that define class interfaces that they should make
+   "protected" symbols available. */
+#define astCLASS TimeMap
+
+/* Codes to identify time coordinate conversions. */
+#define AST__TIME_NULL   0       /* Null value */
+#define AST__MJDTOMJD    1       /* MJD to MJD */
+#define AST__MJDTOJD     2       /* MJD to JD */
+#define AST__JDTOMJD     3       /* JD to MJD */
+#define AST__MJDTOBEP    4       /* MJD to Besselian epoch */
+#define AST__BEPTOMJD    5       /* Besselian epoch to MJD */
+#define AST__MJDTOJEP    6       /* MJD to Julian epoch */
+#define AST__JEPTOMJD    7       /* Julian epoch to MJD */
+#define AST__TAITOUTC    8       /* TAI to UTC */
+#define AST__UTCTOTAI    9       /* UTC to TAI */
+#define AST__TTTOTAI    10       /* TT to TAI */
+#define AST__TAITOTT    11       /* TAI to TT */
+#define AST__TDBTOTT    12       /* TDB to TT */
+#define AST__TTTOTDB    13       /* TT to TDB */
+#define AST__TCGTOTT    14       /* TCG to TT */
+#define AST__TTTOTCG    15       /* TT to TCG */
+#define AST__TCBTOTDB   16       /* TCB to TDB */
+#define AST__TDBTOTCB   17       /* TDB to TCB */
+#define AST__UTTOGMST   18       /* UT to GMST */
+#define AST__GMSTTOUT   19       /* GMST to UT1 */
+#define AST__GMSTTOLMST 20       /* GMST to LMST */
+#define AST__LMSTTOGMST 21       /* LMST to GMST */
+#define AST__LASTTOLMST 22       /* LAST to LMST */
+#define AST__LMSTTOLAST 23       /* LMST to LAST */
+#define AST__UTTOUTC    24       /* UT1 to UTC */
+#define AST__UTCTOUT    25       /* UTC to UT1 */
+#define AST__LTTOUTC    26       /* Local Time to UTC */
+#define AST__UTCTOLT    27       /* UTC to Local Time */
+
+/* Maximum number of arguments required by a conversion. */
+#define MAX_ARGS 7
+
+/* The alphabet (used for generating keywords for arguments). */
+#define ALPHABET "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+
+/* Angle conversion */
+#define PI 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751
+#define D2PI (2*PI)
+#define PIBY2 (PI/2.0)
+#define D2R (PI/180.0)
+#define R2D (180.0/PI)
+
+/* Other constants */
+#define SPD 86400
+#define LG 6.969290134E-10
+#define LB 1.55051976772E-8
+#define P0 6.55E-5
+#define TTOFF 32.184
+
+/* Include files. */
+/* ============== */
+/* Interface definitions. */
+/* ---------------------- */
+#include "pal.h"              /* SLALIB interface */
+#include "slamap.h"              /* Spatial sla mappings */
+
+#include "globals.h"             /* Thread-safe global data access */
+#include "error.h"               /* Error reporting facilities */
+#include "memory.h"              /* Memory allocation facilities */
+#include "object.h"              /* Base Object class */
+#include "pointset.h"            /* Sets of points/coordinates */
+#include "mapping.h"             /* Coordinate Mappings (parent class) */
+#include "unitmap.h"             /* Unit (null) Mappings */
+#include "timemap.h"             /* Interface definition for this class */
+
+/* Error code definitions. */
+/* ----------------------- */
+#include "ast_err.h"             /* AST error codes */
+
+/* C header files. */
+/* --------------- */
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <math.h>
+
+/* Module Variables. */
+/* ================= */
+
+/* Address of this static variable is used as a unique identifier for
+   member of this class. */
+static int class_check;
+
+/* Pointers to parent class methods which are extended by this class. */
+static int (* parent_getobjsize)( AstObject *, int * );
+static AstPointSet *(* parent_transform)( AstMapping *, AstPointSet *, int, AstPointSet *, int * );
+static double (* parent_rate)( AstMapping *, double *, int, int, int * );
+
+
+
+#ifdef THREAD_SAFE
+/* Define how to initialise thread-specific globals. */
+#define GLOBAL_inits \
+   globals->Class_Init = 0;
+
+/* Create the function that initialises global data for this module. */
+astMAKE_INITGLOBALS(TimeMap)
+
+/* Define macros for accessing each item of thread specific global data. */
+#define class_init astGLOBAL(TimeMap,Class_Init)
+#define class_vtab astGLOBAL(TimeMap,Class_Vtab)
+
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+
+#else
+
+
+/* Define the class virtual function table and its initialisation flag
+   as static variables. */
+static AstTimeMapVtab class_vtab;   /* Virtual function table */
+static int class_init = 0;       /* Virtual function table initialised? */
+
+#endif
+
+/* External Interface Function Prototypes. */
+/* ======================================= */
+/* The following functions have public prototypes only (i.e. no
+   protected prototypes), so we must provide local prototypes for use
+   within this module. */
+AstTimeMap *astTimeMapId_( int, const char *, ... );
+
+/* Prototypes for Private Member Functions. */
+/* ======================================== */
+static AstPointSet *Transform( AstMapping *, AstPointSet *, int, AstPointSet *, int * );
+static const char *CvtString( int, const char **, int *, int *, const char *[ MAX_ARGS ], int **order, int * );
+static double Gmsta( double, double, int, int * );
+static double Rate( AstMapping *, double *, int, int, int * );
+static double Rcc( double, double, double, double, double, int * );
+static int Equal( AstObject *, AstObject *, int * );
+static int CvtCode( const char *, int * );
+static int MapMerge( AstMapping *, int, int, int *, AstMapping ***, int **, int * );
+static void AddArgs( int, double *, int * );
+static void AddTimeCvt( AstTimeMap *, int, int, const double *, int * );
+static void Copy( const AstObject *, AstObject *, int * );
+static void Delete( AstObject *, int * );
+static void Dump( AstObject *, AstChannel *, int * );
+static void TimeAdd( AstTimeMap *, const char *, int, const double[], int * );
+
+static int GetObjSize( AstObject *, int * );
+/* Member functions. */
+/* ================= */
+
+static int Equal( AstObject *this_object, AstObject *that_object, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     Equal
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Test if two TimeMaps are equivalent.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     int Equal( AstObject *this, AstObject *that, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function (over-rides the astEqual protected
+*     method inherited from the astMapping class).
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function returns a boolean result (0 or 1) to indicate whether
+*     two TimeMaps are equivalent.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     this
+*        Pointer to the first Object (a TimeMap).
+*     that
+*        Pointer to the second Object.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     One if the TimeMaps are equivalent, zero otherwise.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - A value of zero will be returned if this function is invoked
+*     with the global status set, or if it should fail for any reason.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstTimeMap *that;
+   AstTimeMap *this;
+   const char *argdesc[ MAX_ARGS ];
+   const char *comment;
+   int i, j;
+   int nargs;
+   int nin;
+   int nout;
+   int result;
+   int szargs;
+
+/* Initialise. */
+   result = 0;
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return result;
+
+/* Obtain pointers to the two TimeMap structures. */
+   this = (AstTimeMap *) this_object;
+   that = (AstTimeMap *) that_object;
+
+/* Check the second object is a TimeMap. We know the first is a
+   TimeMap since we have arrived at this implementation of the virtual
+   function. */
+   if( astIsATimeMap( that ) ) {
+
+/* Get the number of inputs and outputs and check they are the same for both. */
+      nin = astGetNin( this );
+      nout = astGetNout( this );
+      if( astGetNin( that ) == nin && astGetNout( that ) == nout ) {
+
+/* If the Invert flags for the two TimeMaps differ, it may still be possible
+   for them to be equivalent. First compare the TimeMaps if their Invert
+   flags are the same. In this case all the attributes of the two TimeMaps
+   must be identical. */
+         if( astGetInvert( this ) == astGetInvert( that ) ) {
+            if( this->ncvt == that->ncvt ) {
+               result = 1;
+               for( i = 0; i < this->ncvt && result; i++ ) {
+                  if( this->cvttype[ i ] != that->cvttype[ i ] ) {
+                     result = 0;
+                  } else {
+                     CvtString( this->cvttype[ i ], &comment, &nargs,
+                                &szargs, argdesc, NULL, status );
+                     for( j = 0; j < nargs; j++ ) {
+                        if( !astEQUAL( this->cvtargs[ i ][ j ],
+                                       that->cvtargs[ i ][ j ] ) ){
+                           result = 0;
+                           break;
+                        }
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+
+/* If the Invert flags for the two TimeMaps differ, the attributes of the two
+   TimeMaps must be inversely related to each other. */
+         } else {
+
+/* In the specific case of a TimeMap, Invert flags must be equal. */
+            result = 0;
+
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+/* If an error occurred, clear the result value. */
+   if ( !astOK ) result = 0;
+
+/* Return the result, */
+   return result;
+}
+
+static int GetObjSize( AstObject *this_object, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     GetObjSize
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Return the in-memory size of an Object.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     int GetObjSize( AstObject *this, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function (over-rides the astGetObjSize protected
+*     method inherited from the parent class).
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function returns the in-memory size of the supplied TimeMap,
+*     in bytes.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     this
+*        Pointer to the TimeMap.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     The Object size, in bytes.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - A value of zero will be returned if this function is invoked
+*     with the global status set, or if it should fail for any reason.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstTimeMap *this;         /* Pointer to TimeMap structure */
+   int result;               /* Result value to return */
+   int cvt;                  /* Loop counter for coordinate conversions */
+
+/* Initialise. */
+   result = 0;
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return result;
+
+/* Obtain a pointers to the TimeMap structure. */
+   this = (AstTimeMap *) this_object;
+
+/* Invoke the GetObjSize method inherited from the parent class, and then
+   add on any components of the class structure defined by thsi class
+   which are stored in dynamically allocated memory. */
+   result = (*parent_getobjsize)( this_object, status );
+
+   for ( cvt = 0; cvt < this->ncvt; cvt++ ) {
+      result += astTSizeOf( this->cvtargs[ cvt ] );
+   }
+
+   result += astTSizeOf( this->cvtargs );
+   result += astTSizeOf( this->cvttype );
+
+/* If an error occurred, clear the result value. */
+   if ( !astOK ) result = 0;
+
+/* Return the result, */
+   return result;
+}
+
+
+static void AddArgs( int cvttype, double *cvtargs, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     AddArgs
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Set values for addition conversion arguments.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     void AddArgs( int cvttype, double *cvtargs, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function stores value for additional conversion arguments,
+*     based on the values supplied for the user arguments.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     cvttype
+*        The conversion type.
+*     cvtargs
+*        The arguments for the conversion.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   double r;                     /* Distance from Earth axis (AU) */
+   double z;                     /* Distance from plane of Earth equator (AU) */
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return;
+
+/* Test for each valid code value in turn and assign the appropriate
+   extra values. */
+   switch ( cvttype ) {
+
+   case AST__MJDTOMJD:
+      cvtargs[ 2 ] = cvtargs[ 0 ] - cvtargs[ 1 ];
+      break;
+
+   case AST__MJDTOJD:
+      cvtargs[ 2 ] = cvtargs[ 0 ] - cvtargs[ 1 ] + 2400000.5;
+      break;
+
+   case AST__JDTOMJD:
+      cvtargs[ 2 ] = cvtargs[ 0 ] - cvtargs[ 1 ] - 2400000.5;
+      break;
+
+   case AST__MJDTOBEP:
+      cvtargs[ 2 ] = palEpb( cvtargs[ 0 ] ) - palEpb( 0.0 ) - cvtargs[ 1 ];
+      cvtargs[ 3 ] = palEpb2d( cvtargs[ 1 ] ) - palEpb2d( 0.0 ) - cvtargs[ 0 ];
+      break;
+
+   case AST__BEPTOMJD:
+      cvtargs[ 2 ] = palEpb2d( cvtargs[ 0 ] ) - palEpb2d( 0.0 ) - cvtargs[ 1 ];
+      cvtargs[ 3 ] = palEpb( cvtargs[ 1 ] ) - palEpb( 0.0 ) - cvtargs[ 0 ];
+      break;
+
+   case AST__MJDTOJEP:
+      cvtargs[ 2 ] = palEpj( cvtargs[ 0 ] ) - palEpj( 0.0 ) - cvtargs[ 1 ];
+      cvtargs[ 3 ] = palEpj2d( cvtargs[ 1 ] ) - palEpj2d( 0.0 ) - cvtargs[ 0 ];
+      break;
+
+   case AST__JEPTOMJD:
+      cvtargs[ 2 ] = palEpj2d( cvtargs[ 0 ] ) - palEpj2d( 0.0 ) - cvtargs[ 1 ];
+      cvtargs[ 3 ] = palEpj( cvtargs[ 1 ] ) - palEpj( 0.0 ) - cvtargs[ 0 ];
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TTTOTDB:
+      palGeoc( cvtargs[ 2 ], cvtargs[ 3 ], &r, &z );
+      cvtargs[ 5 ] = 0.001*r*AST__AU;
+      cvtargs[ 6 ] = 0.001*z*AST__AU;
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TDBTOTT:
+      palGeoc( cvtargs[ 2 ], cvtargs[ 3 ], &r, &z );
+      cvtargs[ 5 ] = 0.001*r*AST__AU;
+      cvtargs[ 6 ] = 0.001*z*AST__AU;
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TDBTOTCB:
+      cvtargs[ 1 ] = LB*( cvtargs[ 0 ] - (TTOFF/SPD)
+                                        - 43144.0 ) + P0/SPD;
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TCBTOTDB:
+      cvtargs[ 1 ] = LB*( cvtargs[ 0 ] - (TTOFF/SPD)
+                                        - 43144.0 ) + P0/SPD;
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TTTOTCG:
+      cvtargs[ 1 ] = LG*( cvtargs[ 0 ] - (TTOFF/SPD) - 43144.0 );
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TCGTOTT:
+      cvtargs[ 1 ] = LG*( cvtargs[ 0 ] - (TTOFF/SPD) - 43144.0 );
+      break;
+
+   }
+}
+
+static void AddTimeCvt( AstTimeMap *this, int cvttype, int narg,
+                        const double *args, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     AddTimeCvt
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Add a coordinate conversion step to an TimeMap.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     void AddTimeCvt( AstTimeMap *this, int cvttype, int narg, const
+*                      double *args )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function allows one of the supported time coordinate
+*     conversions to be appended to a TimeMap. When a TimeMap is first
+*     created (using astTimeMap), it simply performs a unit mapping. By
+*     using AddTimeCvt repeatedly, a series of coordinate conversions may
+*     then be specified which the TimeMap will subsequently perform in
+*     sequence. This allows a complex coordinate conversion to be
+*     assembled out of the basic building blocks. The TimeMap will also
+*     perform the inverse coordinate conversion (applying the individual
+*     conversion steps in reverse) if required.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     this
+*        Pointer to the TimeMap.
+*     cvttype
+*        A code to identify which time coordinate conversion is to be
+*        appended.  See the "Coordinate Conversions" section for details
+*        of those available.
+*     narg
+*        The number of argument values supplied in "args".
+*     args
+*        Pointer to an array of double containing the argument values
+*        required to fully specify the required coordinate
+*        conversion. The number of arguments depends on the conversion
+*        (see the "Coordinate Conversions" section for details). This
+*        value is ignored and may be NULL if no arguments are required.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     void.
+
+*  Coordinate Conversions:
+*     The following values may be supplied for the "cvttype" parameter
+*     in order to specify the coordinate conversion to be performed.
+*     The argument(s) required to fully specify each conversion are
+*     indicated in parentheses after each value, and described at the end
+*     of the list. Values for these should be given in the array pointed
+*     at by "args".
+*
+*        AST__MJDTOMJD( MJDOFF1, MJDOFF2 )
+*           Convert Modified Julian Date from one offset to another.
+*        AST__MJDTOJD( MJDOFF, JDOFF )
+*           Convert Modified Julian Date to Julian Date.
+*        AST__JDTOMJD( JDOFF, MJDOFF )
+*           Convert Julian Date to Modified Julian Date.
+*        AST__MJDTOBEP( MJDOFF, BEPOFF )
+*           Convert Modified Julian Date to Besselian epoch.
+*        AST__BEPTOMJD( BEPOFF, MJDOFF )
+*           Convert Besselian epoch to Modified Julian Date.
+*        AST__MJDTOJEP( MJDOFF, JEPOFF )
+*           Convert Modified Julian Date to Julian epoch.
+*        AST__JEPTOMJD( JEPOFF, MJDOFF )
+*           Convert Julian epoch to Modified Julian Date.
+*        AST__TAITOUTC( MJDOFF, DTAI )
+*           Convert a TAI MJD to a UTC MJD.
+*        AST__UTCTOTAI( MJDOFF, DTAI )
+*           Convert a UTC MJD to a TAI MJD.
+*        AST__TAITOTT( MJDOFF )
+*           Convert a TAI MJD to a TT MJD.
+*        AST__TTTOTAI( MJDOFF )
+*           Convert a TT MJD to a TAI MJD.
+*        AST__TTTOTDB( MJDOFF, OBSLON, OBSLAT, OBSALT, DTAI )
+*           Convert a TT MJD to a TDB MJD.
+*        AST__TDBTOTT( MJDOFF, OBSLON, OBSLAT, OBSALT, DTAI )
+*           Convert a TDB MJD to a TT MJD.
+*        AST__TTTOTCG( MJDOFF )
+*           Convert a TT MJD to a TCG MJD.
+*        AST__TCGTOTT( MJDOFF )
+*           Convert a TCG MJD to a TT MJD.
+*        AST__TDBTOTCB( MJDOFF)
+*           Convert a TAI MJD to a TCB MJD.
+*        AST__TCBTOTDB( MJDOFF)
+*           Convert a TCB MJD to a TDB MJD.
+*        AST__UTTOGMST( MJDOFF )
+*           Convert a UT MJD to a GMST MJD.
+*        AST__GMSTTOUT( MJDOFF )
+*           Convert a GMST MJD to a UT MJD.
+*        AST__GMSTTOLMST( MJDOFF, OBSLON, OBSLAT )
+*           Convert a GMST MJD to a LMST MJD.
+*        AST__LMSTTOGMST( MJDOFF, OBSLON, OBSLAT )
+*           Convert a LMST MJD to a GMST MJD.
+*        AST__LASTTOLMST( MJDOFF, OBSLON, OBSLAT )
+*           Convert a LAST MJD to a LMST MJD.
+*        AST__LMSTTOLAST( MJDOFF, OBSLON, OBSLAT )
+*           Convert a LMST MJD to a LAST MJD.
+*        AST__UTTOUTC( DUT1 )
+*           Convert a UT1 MJD to a UTC MJD.
+*        AST__UTCTOUT( DUT1 )
+*           Convert a UTC MJD to a UT1 MJD.
+*        AST__LTTOUTC( LTOFF )
+*           Convert a local time MJD to a UTC MJD.
+*        AST__UTCTOLT( LTOFF )
+*           Convert a UTC MJD to a local time MJD.
+*
+*     The units for the values processed by the above conversions are as
+*     follows:
+*
+*     - MJD, MJDOFF, JD, JDOFF: days
+*     - Julian epochs, BEPOFF: Tropical years
+*     - Besselian epochs, JEPOFF: Julian years
+*
+*     The arguments used in the above conversions are as follows:
+*
+*     - MJDOFF: Offset to be added to each MJD value
+*     - JDOFF: Offset to be added to each JD value
+*     - JEPOFF: Offset to be added to each Julian epoch value
+*     - BEPOFF: Offset to be added to each Besselian epoch value
+*     - OBSLON: Observer's longitude in radians (+ve westwards)
+*     - OBSLAT: Observer's geodetic latitude in radians (+ve northwards)
+*     - OBSALT: Observer's geodetic altitude in metres.
+*     - DTAI: The value of TAI-UTC (the value returned by astDat is used if
+*     DTAI is AST__BAD).
+*     - DUT1: The value of UT1-UTC
+*     - LTOFF: The offset between Local Time and UTC (in hours, positive
+*     for time zones east of Greenwich).
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - The specified conversion is appended only if the TimeMap's
+*     Invert attribute is zero. If it is non-zero, this function
+*     effectively prefixes the inverse of the conversion specified
+*     instead.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   const char *argdesc[ MAX_ARGS ]; /* Pointers to argument descriptions */
+   const char *comment;          /* Pointer to comment string */
+   const char *cvt_string;       /* Pointer to conversion type string */
+   int i;                        /* Argument index */
+   int nargs;                    /* Number of user-supplied arguments */
+   int ncvt;                     /* Number of coordinate conversions */
+   int szargs;                   /* Size of arguments array */
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return;
+
+/* Validate the coordinate conversion type and obtain the number of
+   required user-supplied arguments, and the size of the array in which
+   to put the user-supplied arguments (the array may leave room after
+   the user-supplied arguments for various useful pre-calculated values). */
+   cvt_string = CvtString( cvttype, &comment, &nargs, &szargs, argdesc,
+                           NULL, status );
+
+/* If the coordinate conversion type was not valid, then report an
+   error. */
+   if ( astOK && !cvt_string ) {
+      astError( AST__TIMIN, "AddTimeCvt(%s): Invalid time coordinate "
+                "conversion type (%d).", status, astGetClass( this ),
+                (int) cvttype );
+   }
+
+/* If the number of supplied arguments is incorrect, then report an error. */
+   if ( astOK && nargs != narg ) {
+      astError( AST__TIMIN, "AddTimeCvt(%s): Invalid no. of arguments for time "
+                "coordinate conversion type %d - %d supplied, %d required.",
+                status, astGetClass( this ), (int) cvttype, narg, nargs );
+   }
+
+/* Note the number of coordinate conversions already stored in the TimeMap. */
+   if ( astOK ) {
+      ncvt = this->ncvt;
+
+/* Extend the array of conversion types and the array of pointers to
+   their argument lists to accommodate the new one. */
+      this->cvttype = (int *) astGrow( this->cvttype, ncvt + 1,
+                                       sizeof( int ) );
+      this->cvtargs = (double **) astGrow( this->cvtargs, ncvt + 1,
+                                           sizeof( double * ) );
+
+/* Allocate memory for the argument list, putting a pointer to it into
+   the TimeMap. */
+      this->cvtargs[ ncvt ] = astMalloc( sizeof( double ) * (size_t) szargs );
+
+/* Store the conversion type and increment the conversion count. Also
+   copy the supplied arguments into the memory allocated above and put
+   suitable values in any elements of the argument array which are beyond
+   the end of the user-supplied arguments. These are intermediate values
+   calculated on the basis of the user-supplied arguments. */
+      if ( astOK ) {
+         this->cvttype[ ncvt ] = cvttype;
+         for( i = 0; i < nargs; i++ ) this->cvtargs[ ncvt ][ i ] = args[ i ];
+         for( i = nargs; i < szargs; i++ ) this->cvtargs[ ncvt ][ i ] = AST__BAD;
+         this->ncvt++;
+
+/* Test for each valid code value in turn and assign the appropriate extra values. */
+         AddArgs( cvttype, this->cvtargs[ ncvt ], status );
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+static int CvtCode( const char *cvt_string, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     CvtCode
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Convert a conversion type from a string representation to a code value.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     int CvtCode( const char *cvt_string, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function accepts a string used to repersent one of the
+*     TimeMap coordinate conversions and converts it into a code
+*     value for internal use.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     cvt_string
+*        Pointer to a constant null-terminated string representing a
+*        time coordinate conversion. This is case sensitive and should
+*        contain no unnecessary white space.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     The equivalent conversion code. If the string was not
+*     recognised, the code AST__TIME_NULL is returned, without error.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - A value of AST__TIME_NULL will be returned if this function is
+*     invoked with the global error status set, or if it should fail
+*     for any reason.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   int result;                   /* Result value to return */
+
+/* Initialise. */
+   result = AST__TIME_NULL;
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return result;
+
+/* Test the string against each recognised value in turn and assign
+   the result. */
+   if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "MJDTOJD" ) ) {
+      result = AST__MJDTOJD;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "MJDTOMJD" ) ) {
+      result = AST__MJDTOMJD;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "JDTOMJD" ) ) {
+      result = AST__JDTOMJD;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "JDTOMJD" ) ) {
+      result = AST__JDTOMJD;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "MJDTOBEP" ) ) {
+      result = AST__MJDTOBEP;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "BEPTOMJD" ) ) {
+      result = AST__BEPTOMJD;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "MJDTOJEP" ) ) {
+      result = AST__MJDTOJEP;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "JEPTOMJD" ) ) {
+      result = AST__JEPTOMJD;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TAITOUTC" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TAITOUTC;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "UTCTOTAI" ) ) {
+      result = AST__UTCTOTAI;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TAITOTT" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TAITOTT;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TTTOTAI" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TTTOTAI;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TTTOTDB" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TTTOTDB;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TDBTOTT" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TDBTOTT;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TTTOTCG" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TTTOTCG;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TCGTOTT" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TCGTOTT;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TDBTOTCB" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TDBTOTCB;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "TCBTOTDB" ) ) {
+      result = AST__TCBTOTDB;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "UTTOGMST" ) ) {
+      result = AST__UTTOGMST;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "GMSTTOUT" ) ) {
+      result = AST__GMSTTOUT;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "GMSTTOLMST" ) ) {
+      result = AST__GMSTTOLMST;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "LMSTTOGMST" ) ) {
+      result = AST__LMSTTOGMST;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "LASTTOLMST" ) ) {
+      result = AST__LASTTOLMST;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "LMSTTOLAST" ) ) {
+      result = AST__LMSTTOLAST;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "UTTOUTC" ) ) {
+      result = AST__UTTOUTC;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "UTCTOUT" ) ) {
+      result = AST__UTCTOUT;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "LTTOUTC" ) ) {
+      result = AST__LTTOUTC;
+
+   } else if ( astChrMatch( cvt_string, "UTCTOLT" ) ) {
+      result = AST__UTCTOLT;
+   }
+
+/* Return the result. */
+   return result;
+}
+
+static const char *CvtString( int cvt_code, const char **comment,
+                              int *nargs, int *szargs,
+                              const char *arg[ MAX_ARGS ],
+                              int **order, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     CvtString
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Convert a conversion type from a code value to a string representation.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     const char *CvtString( int cvt_code, const char **comment, int *nargs,
+*                            int *szargs, const char *arg[ MAX_ARGS ],
+*                            int **order, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function accepts a code value used to represent one of the
+*     TimeMap coordinate conversions and converts it into an
+*     equivalent string representation. It also returns a descriptive
+*     comment and information about the arguments required in order to
+*     perform the conversion.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     cvt_code
+*        The conversion code.
+*     comment
+*        Address of a location to return a pointer to a constant
+*        null-terminated string containing a description of the
+*        conversion.
+*     nargs
+*        Address of an int in which to return the number of arguments
+*        required from the user in order to perform the conversion (may
+*        be zero).
+*     szargs
+*        Address of an int in which to return the number of arguments
+*        associated with the conversion. This may be bigger than "nargs"
+*        if the conversion can pre-calculate useful values on the basis
+*        of the user-supplied values. Such precalculated values are
+*        stored after the last user-supplied argument.
+*     arg
+*        An array in which to return a pointer to a constant
+*        null-terminated string for each argument (above) containing a
+*        description of what each argument represents. This includes both
+*        user-supplied arguments and pre-calculated values.
+*     order
+*        Ignored if NULL. If not NULL, it should be an address at which
+*        to return a pointer to a dynamically allocated int array (the
+*        returned array should be freed using astFree when no longer
+*        needed). The returned array will have "*szargs" elements. The
+*        index into the array is the index of the argument within the
+*        external representation of a TimeMap as produced by the Dump
+*        function. The value stored in each element is the index of
+*        the argument within the internal argument list. If there is
+*        no difference between the internal and external order of the
+*        arguments, a NULL pointer will be returned instead of a pointer
+*        to an int array.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     Pointer to a constant null-terminated string representation of
+*     the conversion code value supplied. If the code supplied is not
+*     valid, a NULL pointer will be returned, without error.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - A NULL pointer value will be returned if this function is
+*     invoked with the global error status set, or if it should fail
+*     for any reason.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   const char *result;          /* Result pointer to return */
+
+/* Initialise the returned values. */
+   *comment = NULL;
+   *nargs = 0;
+   result = NULL;
+   if( order ) *order = NULL;
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return result;
+
+/* Test for each valid code value in turn and assign the appropriate
+   return values. */
+   switch ( cvt_code ) {
+
+   case AST__MJDTOMJD:
+      *comment = "Convert MJD between offsets";
+      result = "MJDTOMJD";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 3;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "Input MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Output MJD offset";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Combined offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__MJDTOJD:
+      *comment = "Convert MJD to JD";
+      result = "MJDTOJD";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 3;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "JD offset";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Combined offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__JDTOMJD:
+      *comment = "Convert JD to MJD";
+      result = "JDTOMJD";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 3;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "JD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Combined offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__MJDTOBEP:
+      *comment = "Convert MJD to Besselian epoch";
+      result = "MJDTOBEP";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 4;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Besselian epoch offset";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Combined forward offset";
+      arg[ 3 ] = "Combined inverse offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__BEPTOMJD:
+      *comment = "Convert Besselian epoch to MJD";
+      result = "BEPTOMJD";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 4;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "Besselian epoch offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Combined forward offset";
+      arg[ 3 ] = "Combined inverse offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__MJDTOJEP:
+      *comment = "Convert MJD to Julian epoch";
+      result = "MJDTOJEP";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 4;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Julian epoch offset";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Combined forward offset";
+      arg[ 3 ] = "Combined inverse offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__JEPTOMJD:
+      *comment = "Convert Julian epoch to MJD";
+      result = "JEPTOMJD";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 4;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "Julian epoch offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Combined forward offset";
+      arg[ 3 ] = "Combined inverse offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TAITOUTC:
+      *comment = "Convert TAI to UTC";
+      result = "TAITOUTC";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 2;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "DTAI";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__UTCTOTAI:
+      *comment = "Convert UTC to TAI";
+      result = "UTCTOTAI";
+      *nargs = 2;
+      *szargs = 2;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "DTAI";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TAITOTT:
+      *comment = "Convert TAI to TT";
+      result = "TAITOTT";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 1;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TTTOTAI:
+      *comment = "Convert TT to TAI";
+      result = "TTTOTAI";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 1;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TTTOTDB:
+      *comment = "Convert TT to TDB";
+      result = "TTTOTDB";
+      *nargs = 5;
+      *szargs = 7;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Observer longitude";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Observer latitude";
+      arg[ 3 ] = "Observer altitude";
+      arg[ 4 ] = "DTAI";
+      arg[ 5 ] = "Distance from earth spin axis";
+      arg[ 6 ] = "Distance north of equatorial plane";
+
+/* For backward compatibility, the order of arguments in the external
+   representation is different to the internal order. This became
+   necessary when the DTAI user-supplied argument was added. New user
+   supplied arguments need to be before the calculated arguments in
+   the internal list, but need to be added to the end of the external
+   argument list. This means new TimeMaps read by old software will ignore
+   the new user supplied argument. It also means that old TimeMaps read by
+   new software will use default values for the missing user supplied
+   argument. */
+      if( order ) {
+         *order = astMalloc( 7*sizeof( **order ) );
+         if( astOK ) {
+            (*order)[ 0 ] = 0;
+            (*order)[ 1 ] = 1;
+            (*order)[ 2 ] = 2;
+            (*order)[ 3 ] = 3;
+            (*order)[ 4 ] = 5;
+            (*order)[ 5 ] = 6;
+            (*order)[ 6 ] = 4;
+         }
+      }
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TDBTOTT:
+      *comment = "Convert TDB to TT";
+      result = "TDBTOTT";
+      *nargs = 5;
+      *szargs = 7;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Observer longitude";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Observer latitude";
+      arg[ 3 ] = "Observer altitude";
+      arg[ 4 ] = "DTAI";
+      arg[ 5 ] = "Distance from earth spin axis";
+      arg[ 6 ] = "Distance north of equatorial plane";
+      if( order ) {
+         *order = astMalloc( 7*sizeof( **order ) );
+         if( astOK ) {
+            (*order)[ 0 ] = 0;
+            (*order)[ 1 ] = 1;
+            (*order)[ 2 ] = 2;
+            (*order)[ 3 ] = 3;
+            (*order)[ 4 ] = 5;
+            (*order)[ 5 ] = 6;
+            (*order)[ 6 ] = 4;
+         }
+      }
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TTTOTCG:
+      *comment = "Convert TT to TCG";
+      result = "TTTOTCG";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 2;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "TCG offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TCGTOTT:
+      *comment = "Convert TCG to TT";
+      result = "TCGTOTT";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 2;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "TCG offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TDBTOTCB:
+      *comment = "Convert TDB to TCB";
+      result = "TDBTOTCB";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 2;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "TCB offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__TCBTOTDB:
+      *comment = "Convert TCB to TDB";
+      result = "TCBTOTDB";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 2;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "TCB offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__UTTOGMST:
+      *comment = "Convert UT to GMST";
+      result = "UTTOGMST";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 1;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__GMSTTOUT:
+      *comment = "Convert GMST to UT";
+      result = "GMSTTOUT";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 1;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__GMSTTOLMST:
+      *comment = "Convert GMST to LMST";
+      result = "GMSTTOLMST";
+      *nargs = 3;
+      *szargs = 3;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Observer longitude";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Observer latitude";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__LMSTTOGMST:
+      *comment = "Convert LMST to GMST";
+      result = "LMSTTOGMST";
+      *nargs = 3;
+      *szargs = 3;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Observer longitude";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Observer latitude";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__LASTTOLMST:
+      *comment = "Convert LAST to LMST";
+      result = "LASTTOLMST";
+      *nargs = 3;
+      *szargs = 3;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Observer longitude";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Observer latitude";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__LMSTTOLAST:
+      *comment = "Convert LMST to LAST";
+      result = "LMSTTOLAST";
+      *nargs = 3;
+      *szargs = 3;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "MJD offset";
+      arg[ 1 ] = "Observer longitude";
+      arg[ 2 ] = "Observer latitude";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__UTTOUTC:
+      *comment = "Convert UT1 to UTC";
+      result = "UTTOUTC";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 1;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "DUT1";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__UTCTOUT:
+      *comment = "Convert UTC to UT1";
+      result = "UTCTOUT";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 1;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "DUT1";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__LTTOUTC:
+      *comment = "Convert Local Time to UTC";
+      result = "LTTOUTC";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 1;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "LTOFF";
+      break;
+
+   case AST__UTCTOLT:
+      *comment = "Convert UTC to Local Time";
+      result = "UTCTOLT";
+      *nargs = 1;
+      *szargs = 1;
+      arg[ 0 ] = "LTOFF";
+      break;
+   }
+
+/* Return the result. */
+   return result;
+}
+
+double astDat_( double in, int forward, int *status ){
+/*
+*+
+*  Name:
+*     Dat
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Convert between UTC and TAI.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Protected function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     double astDat( double in, int forward )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function returns the difference between Coordinated Universal Time
+*     (UTC) and International Atomic Time (TAI), at a given epoch.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     in
+*        UTC date or TAI time (as selected by "forward"), as an absolute
+*        MJD.
+*     forward
+*        If non-zero, "in" should be a UTC value, and the returned value
+*        is TAI-UTC. If zero, "in" should be a TAI value, and the returned
+*        value is UTC-TAI.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     Either UTC-TAI or TAI-UTC (as indicated by "forward") in units of
+*     seconds.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - The UTC is specified to be a date rather than a time to indicate
+*     that care needs to be taken not to specify an instant which lies
+*     within a leap second.  Though in most cases UTC can include the
+*     fractional part, correct behaviour on the day of a leap second
+*     can only be guaranteed up to the end of the second 23:59:59.
+*     - For epochs from 1961 January 1 onwards, the expressions from the
+*     file ftp://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/tai-utc.dat are used.
+*     - The 5ms time step at 1961 January 1 is taken from 2.58.1 (p87) of
+*     the 1992 Explanatory Supplement.
+*     - UTC began at 1960 January 1.0 (JD 2436934.5) and it is improper
+*     to call the routine with an earlier epoch.  However, if this
+*     is attempted, the TAI-UTC expression for the year 1960 is used.
+
+*  Implementation Details:
+*     - This function is based on SLA_DAT by P.T.Wallace.
+*     - This routine must be updated on each occasion that a leap second is
+*     announced
+*     - Latest leap second:  2017 January 1
+
+*-
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   double result;
+
+/* Initialise the returned value. */
+   if( in == AST__BAD ) return AST__BAD;
+
+/* First do TAI-UTC at a given UTC
+   ------------------------------- */
+   if( forward ) {
+
+/* 2017 January 1 */
+      if ( in >= 57754.0 ) {
+         result = 37.0;
+
+/* 2015 July 1 */
+      } else if ( in >= 57204.0 ) {
+         result = 36.0;
+
+/* 2012 July 1 */
+      } else if ( in >= 56109.0 ) {
+         result = 35.0;
+
+/* 2009 January 1 */
+      } else if ( in >= 54832.0 ) {
+         result = 34.0;
+
+/* 2006 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 53736.0 ) {
+         result = 33.0;
+
+/* 1999 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 51179.0 ){
+         result = 32.0;
+
+/* 1997 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 50630.0 ){
+         result = 31.0;
+
+/* 1996 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 50083.0 ){
+         result = 30.0;
+
+/* 1994 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 49534.0 ){
+         result = 29.0;
+
+/* 1993 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 49169.0 ){
+         result = 28.0;
+
+/* 1992 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 48804.0 ){
+         result = 27.0;
+
+/* 1991 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 48257.0 ){
+         result = 26.0;
+
+/* 1990 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 47892.0 ){
+         result = 25.0;
+
+/* 1988 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 47161.0 ){
+         result = 24.0;
+
+/* 1985 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 46247.0 ){
+         result = 23.0;
+
+/* 1983 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 45516.0 ){
+         result = 22.0;
+
+/* 1982 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 45151.0 ){
+         result = 21.0;
+
+/* 1981 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 44786.0 ){
+         result = 20.0;
+
+/* 1980 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 44239.0 ){
+         result = 19.0;
+
+/* 1979 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 43874.0 ){
+         result = 18.0;
+
+/* 1978 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 43509.0 ){
+         result = 17.0;
+
+/* 1977 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 43144.0 ){
+         result = 16.0;
+
+/* 1976 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 42778.0 ){
+         result = 15.0;
+
+/* 1975 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 42413.0 ){
+         result = 14.0;
+
+/* 1974 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 42048.0 ){
+         result = 13.0;
+
+/* 1973 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 41683.0 ){
+         result = 12.0;
+
+/* 1972 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 41499.0 ){
+         result = 11.0;
+
+/* 1972 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 41317.0 ){
+         result = 10.0;
+
+/* 1968 February 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 39887.0 ){
+         result = 4.2131700 + ( in - 39126.0 )*0.002592;
+
+/* 1966 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 39126.0 ){
+         result = 4.3131700 + ( in - 39126.0 )*0.002592;
+
+/* 1965 September 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 39004.0 ){
+         result = 3.8401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* 1965 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38942.0 ){
+         result = 3.7401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* 1965 March 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38820.0 ){
+         result = 3.6401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* 1965 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38761.0 ){
+         result = 3.5401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* 1964 September 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38639.0 ){
+         result = 3.4401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* 1964 April 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38486.0 ){
+         result = 3.3401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* 1964 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38395.0 ){
+         result = 3.2401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* 1963 November 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38334.0 ){
+         result = 1.9458580 + ( in - 37665.0 )*0.0011232;
+
+/* 1962 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 37665.0 ){
+         result = 1.8458580 + ( in - 37665.0 )*0.0011232;
+
+/* 1961 August 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 37512.0 ){
+         result = 1.3728180 + ( in - 37300.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* 1961 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 37300.0 ){
+         result = 1.4228180 + ( in - 37300.0 )*0.001296;
+
+/* Before that */
+      } else {
+         result = 1.4178180 + ( in - 37300.0 )*0.001296;
+      }
+
+/* Now do UTC-TAI at a given TAI.
+   ------------------------------  */
+   } else {
+
+
+/* 2017 January 1 */
+      if ( in >= 57754.0 + 37.0/SPD ) {
+         result = -37.0;
+
+/* 2015 July 1 */
+      } else if ( in >= 57204.0 + 36.0/SPD ) {
+         result = -36.0;
+
+/* 2012 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 56109.0 + 35.0/SPD ) {
+         result = -35.0;
+
+/* 2009 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 54832.0 + 34.0/SPD ) {
+         result = -34.0;
+
+/* 2006 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 53736.0 + 33.0/SPD ){
+         result = -33.0;
+
+/* 1999 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 51179.0 + 32.0/SPD ){
+         result = -32.0;
+
+/* 1997 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 50630.0 + 31.0/SPD ){
+         result = -31.0;
+
+/* 1996 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 50083.0 + 30.0/SPD ){
+         result = -30.0;
+
+/* 1994 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 49534.0 + 29.0/SPD ){
+         result = -29.0;
+
+/* 1993 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 49169.0 + 28.0/SPD ){
+         result = -28.0;
+
+/* 1992 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 48804.0 + 27.0/SPD ){
+         result = -27.0;
+
+/* 1991 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 48257.0 + 26.0/SPD ){
+         result = -26.0;
+
+/* 1990 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 47892.0 + 25.0/SPD ){
+         result = -25.0;
+
+/* 1988 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 47161.0 + 24.0/SPD ){
+         result = -24.0;
+
+/* 1985 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 46247.0 + 23.0/SPD ){
+         result = -23.0;
+
+/* 1983 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 45516.0 + 22.0/SPD ){
+         result = -22.0;
+
+/* 1982 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 45151.0 + 21.0/SPD ){
+         result = -21.0;
+
+/* 1981 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 44786.0 + 20.0/SPD ){
+         result = -20.0;
+
+/* 1980 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 44239.0 + 19.0/SPD ){
+         result = -19.0;
+
+/* 1979 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 43874.0 + 18.0/SPD ){
+         result = -18.0;
+
+/* 1978 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 43509.0 + 17.0/SPD ){
+         result = -17.0;
+
+/* 1977 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 43144.0 + 16.0/SPD ){
+         result = -16.0;
+
+/* 1976 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 42778.0 + 15.0/SPD ){
+         result = -15.0;
+
+/* 1975 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 42413.0 + 14.0/SPD ){
+         result = -14.0;
+
+/* 1974 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 42048.0 + 13.0/SPD ){
+         result = -13.0;
+
+/* 1973 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 41683.0 + 12.0/SPD ){
+         result = -12.0;
+
+/* 1972 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 41499.0 + 11.0/SPD ){
+         result = -11.0;
+
+/* 1972 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 41317.0 + 10.0/SPD ){
+         result = -10.0;
+
+/* 1968 February 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 39887.0 + ( 4.2131700
+                                  + ( 39887.0 - 39126.0 )*0.002592 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 4.2131700 + ( in - 39126.0 )*0.002592 )/1.02592;
+
+/* 1966 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 39126.0 + ( 4.3131700
+                                  + ( 39126.0 - 39126.0 )*0.002592 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 4.2131700 + ( in - 39126.0 )*0.002592 )/1.02592;
+
+/* 1965 September 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 39004.0 + ( 3.8401300
+                                  + ( 39004.0 - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 3.8401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+
+/* 1965 July 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38942.0 + ( 3.7401300
+                                  + ( 38942.0 - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 3.7401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/1.01296;
+
+/* 1965 March 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38820.0 + ( 3.6401300
+                                  + ( 38820.0 - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 3.6401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+
+/* 1965 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38761.0 + ( 3.5401300
+                                   + ( 38761.0 - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 3.5401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+
+/* 1964 September 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38639.0 + ( 3.4401300
+                                   + ( 38639.0 - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 3.4401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+
+/* 1964 April 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38486.0 + ( 3.3401300
+                                   + ( 38486.0 - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 3.3401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+
+/* 1964 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38395.0 + ( 3.2401300
+                                   + ( 38395.0 - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 3.2401300 + ( in - 38761.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+
+/* 1963 November 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 38334.0 + ( 1.9458580
+                                   + ( 38334.0 - 37665.0 )*0.0011232 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 1.9458580 + ( in - 37665.0 )*0.0011232 )/1.0011232;
+
+/* 1962 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 37665.0 + ( 1.8458580
+                                   + ( 37665.0 - 37665.0 )*0.0011232 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 1.8458580 + ( in - 37665.0 )*0.0011232 )/1.0011232;
+
+/* 1961 August 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 37512.0 + ( 1.3728180
+                                   + ( 37512.0 - 37300.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 1.3728180 + ( in - 37300.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+
+/* 1961 January 1 */
+      } else if( in >= 37300.0 + ( 1.4228180
+                                   + ( 37300.0 - 37300.0 )*0.001296 )/SPD ){
+         result = -( 1.4228180 + ( in - 37300.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+
+/* Before that */
+      } else {
+         result = -( 1.4178180 + ( in - 37300.0 )*0.001296 )/1.001296;
+      }
+   }
+
+/* Return the result */
+   return result;
+}
+
+static double Gmsta( double in, double off, int forward, int *status ){
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     Gmsta
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Convert between  Universal Time (UT) and Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time (GMST).
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     double Gmsta( double in, double off, int forward, int *status ){
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function
+
+*  Description:
+*     This functions converts between UT and GMST. Both timescales are
+*     represented by an MJD, rather than as an angle (as is done by SLALIB)
+*     in order to facilitate conversions from GMST to UT1. This means
+*     that whole days are retained.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     in
+*        The time to convert, represented as an offset in days from the MJD
+*        zero-point specified by "off". The time is either UT1 or GMST, as
+*        selected by "forward").
+*     off
+*        The MJD value corresponding to a value of 0.0 for "in".
+*     forward
+*        If non-zero, "in" should be a UT1 value, and the returned value
+*        is GMST. If zero, "in" should be a GMST value, and the returned
+*        value is UT1.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     An offset in days from the MJD given by "off". When the returned
+*     value is added to "off" the sum is a GMST MJD (if "forward" is
+*     non-zero), or a UT1 MJD (if "forward" is zero),
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - This function is based on SLA_GMST by P.T.Wallace.
+
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   double dgdu;
+   double g;
+   double result;
+   double t;
+   double utl;
+   int nit;
+
+/* Initialise the returned value. */
+   if( in == AST__BAD || off == AST__BAD ) return AST__BAD;
+
+/* First deal with UT1 -> GMST
+   --------------------------- */
+   if( forward ) {
+
+/* Julian centuries since J2000. */
+      t = ( off + in - 51544.5 )/36525.0;
+
+/* GMST at this UT1. */
+      result = in + ( 24110.54841 + ( 8640184.812866 + ( 0.093104 -
+                      6.2E-6*t )*t )*t )/86400.0;
+
+/* Now deal with GMST -> UT1
+   ----------------------- */
+   } else {
+
+/* Form an initial guess at the UT1 value using the inverse of a linear
+   approximation to the UT1->GMST equation. */
+      result = 0.996997348638869*in + 154.49194372222 - 0.00300265136113098*off;
+
+/* Loop round improving the guess, until the guess stops changing, or 10
+   iterations have been performed. */
+      utl = AST__BAD;
+      nit = 0;
+      while( result != utl && nit++ < 10 ){
+
+/* Calculate the GMST at the current UT1 guess. */
+         t = ( off + result - 51544.5 )/36525.0;
+         g = result + ( 24110.54841 + ( 8640184.812866 + ( 0.093104 -
+                      6.2E-6*t )*t )*t )/86400.0;
+
+/* Calculate the rate of change of GMST with respect to UT1 at the current
+   UT1 guess. */
+         dgdu = 1.0 + ( 8640184.812866 +
+                  ( 0.186208 - 12.4E-6*t )*t)/(36525.0*86400.0);
+
+/* Improve the UT1 guess. */
+         utl = result;
+         result = result - ( g - in )/dgdu;
+      }
+   }
+
+/* Return the result */
+   return result;
+}
+
+void astInitTimeMapVtab_(  AstTimeMapVtab *vtab, const char *name, int *status ) {
+/*
+*+
+*  Name:
+*     astInitTimeMapVtab
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Initialise a virtual function table for a TimeMap.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Protected function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     void astInitTimeMapVtab( AstTimeMapVtab *vtab, const char *name )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap vtab initialiser.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function initialises the component of a virtual function
+*     table which is used by the TimeMap class.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     vtab
+*        Pointer to the virtual function table. The components used by
+*        all ancestral classes will be initialised if they have not already
+*        been initialised.
+*     name
+*        Pointer to a constant null-terminated character string which contains
+*        the name of the class to which the virtual function table belongs (it
+*        is this pointer value that will subsequently be returned by the Object
+*        astClass function).
+*-
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   astDECLARE_GLOBALS            /* Pointer to thread-specific global data */
+   AstMappingVtab *mapping;      /* Pointer to Mapping component of Vtab */
+   AstObjectVtab *object;        /* Pointer to Object component of Vtab */
+
+/* Check the local error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return;
+
+/* Get a pointer to the thread specific global data structure. */
+   astGET_GLOBALS(NULL);
+
+/* Initialize the component of the virtual function table used by the
+   parent class. */
+   astInitMappingVtab( (AstMappingVtab *) vtab, name );
+
+/* Store a unique "magic" value in the virtual function table. This
+   will be used (by astIsATimeMap) to determine if an object belongs to
+   this class.  We can conveniently use the address of the (static)
+   class_check variable to generate this unique value. */
+   vtab->id.check = &class_check;
+   vtab->id.parent = &(((AstMappingVtab *) vtab)->id);
+
+/* Initialise member function pointers. */
+/* ------------------------------------ */
+/* Store pointers to the member functions (implemented here) that
+   provide virtual methods for this class. */
+   vtab->TimeAdd = TimeAdd;
+
+/* Save the inherited pointers to methods that will be extended, and
+   replace them with pointers to the new member functions. */
+   object = (AstObjectVtab *) vtab;
+   mapping = (AstMappingVtab *) vtab;
+   parent_getobjsize = object->GetObjSize;
+   object->GetObjSize = GetObjSize;
+
+   parent_transform = mapping->Transform;
+   mapping->Transform = Transform;
+
+   parent_rate = mapping->Rate;
+   mapping->Rate = Rate;
+
+/* Store replacement pointers for methods which will be over-ridden by
+   new member functions implemented here. */
+   object->Equal = Equal;
+   mapping->MapMerge = MapMerge;
+
+/* Declare the copy constructor, destructor and class dump
+   function. */
+   astSetCopy( vtab, Copy );
+   astSetDelete( vtab, Delete );
+   astSetDump( vtab, Dump, "TimeMap",
+               "Conversion between time coordinate systems" );
+
+/* If we have just initialised the vtab for the current class, indicate
+   that the vtab is now initialised, and store a pointer to the class
+   identifier in the base "object" level of the vtab. */
+   if( vtab == &class_vtab ) {
+      class_init = 1;
+      astSetVtabClassIdentifier( vtab, &(vtab->id) );
+   }
+}
+
+static int MapMerge( AstMapping *this, int where, int series, int *nmap,
+                     AstMapping ***map_list, int **invert_list, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     MapMerge
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Simplify a sequence of Mappings containing a TimeMap.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "mapping.h
+*     int MapMerge( AstMapping *this, int where, int series, int *nmap,
+*                   AstMapping ***map_list, int **invert_list, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap method (over-rides the protected astMapMerge method
+*     inherited from the Mapping class).
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function attempts to simplify a sequence of Mappings by
+*     merging a nominated TimeMap in the sequence with its neighbours,
+*     so as to shorten the sequence if possible.
+*
+*     In many cases, simplification will not be possible and the
+*     function will return -1 to indicate this, without further
+*     action.
+*
+*     In most cases of interest, however, this function will either
+*     attempt to replace the nominated TimeMap with one which it
+*     considers simpler, or to merge it with the Mappings which
+*     immediately precede it or follow it in the sequence (both will
+*     normally be considered). This is sufficient to ensure the
+*     eventual simplification of most Mapping sequences by repeated
+*     application of this function.
+*
+*     In some cases, the function may attempt more elaborate
+*     simplification, involving any number of other Mappings in the
+*     sequence. It is not restricted in the type or scope of
+*     simplification it may perform, but will normally only attempt
+*     elaborate simplification in cases where a more straightforward
+*     approach is not adequate.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     this
+*        Pointer to the nominated TimeMap which is to be merged with
+*        its neighbours. This should be a cloned copy of the TimeMap
+*        pointer contained in the array element "(*map_list)[where]"
+*        (see below). This pointer will not be annulled, and the
+*        TimeMap it identifies will not be modified by this function.
+*     where
+*        Index in the "*map_list" array (below) at which the pointer
+*        to the nominated TimeMap resides.
+*     series
+*        A non-zero value indicates that the sequence of Mappings to
+*        be simplified will be applied in series (i.e. one after the
+*        other), whereas a zero value indicates that they will be
+*        applied in parallel (i.e. on successive sub-sets of the
+*        input/output coordinates).
+*     nmap
+*        Address of an int which counts the number of Mappings in the
+*        sequence. On entry this should be set to the initial number
+*        of Mappings. On exit it will be updated to record the number
+*        of Mappings remaining after simplification.
+*     map_list
+*        Address of a pointer to a dynamically allocated array of
+*        Mapping pointers (produced, for example, by the astMapList
+*        method) which identifies the sequence of Mappings. On entry,
+*        the initial sequence of Mappings to be simplified should be
+*        supplied.
+*
+*        On exit, the contents of this array will be modified to
+*        reflect any simplification carried out. Any form of
+*        simplification may be performed. This may involve any of: (a)
+*        removing Mappings by annulling any of the pointers supplied,
+*        (b) replacing them with pointers to new Mappings, (c)
+*        inserting additional Mappings and (d) changing their order.
+*
+*        The intention is to reduce the number of Mappings in the
+*        sequence, if possible, and any reduction will be reflected in
+*        the value of "*nmap" returned. However, simplifications which
+*        do not reduce the length of the sequence (but improve its
+*        execution time, for example) may also be performed, and the
+*        sequence might conceivably increase in length (but normally
+*        only in order to split up a Mapping into pieces that can be
+*        more easily merged with their neighbours on subsequent
+*        invocations of this function).
+*
+*        If Mappings are removed from the sequence, any gaps that
+*        remain will be closed up, by moving subsequent Mapping
+*        pointers along in the array, so that vacated elements occur
+*        at the end. If the sequence increases in length, the array
+*        will be extended (and its pointer updated) if necessary to
+*        accommodate any new elements.
+*
+*        Note that any (or all) of the Mapping pointers supplied in
+*        this array may be annulled by this function, but the Mappings
+*        to which they refer are not modified in any way (although
+*        they may, of course, be deleted if the annulled pointer is
+*        the final one).
+*     invert_list
+*        Address of a pointer to a dynamically allocated array which,
+*        on entry, should contain values to be assigned to the Invert
+*        attributes of the Mappings identified in the "*map_list"
+*        array before they are applied (this array might have been
+*        produced, for example, by the astMapList method). These
+*        values will be used by this function instead of the actual
+*        Invert attributes of the Mappings supplied, which are
+*        ignored.
+*
+*        On exit, the contents of this array will be updated to
+*        correspond with the possibly modified contents of the
+*        "*map_list" array.  If the Mapping sequence increases in
+*        length, the "*invert_list" array will be extended (and its
+*        pointer updated) if necessary to accommodate any new
+*        elements.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     If simplification was possible, the function returns the index
+*     in the "map_list" array of the first element which was
+*     modified. Otherwise, it returns -1 (and makes no changes to the
+*     arrays supplied).
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - A value of -1 will be returned if this function is invoked
+*     with the global error status set, or if it should fail for any
+*     reason.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstMapping *new;              /* Pointer to replacement Mapping */
+   AstTimeMap *timemap;            /* Pointer to TimeMap */
+   const char *argdesc[ MAX_ARGS ]; /* Argument descriptions (junk) */
+   const char *class;            /* Pointer to Mapping class string */
+   const char *comment;          /* Pointer to comment string (junk) */
+   double (*cvtargs)[ MAX_ARGS ]; /* Pointer to argument arrays */
+   double tmp;                   /* Temporary storage */
+   int *cvttype;                 /* Pointer to transformation type codes */
+   int *narg;                    /* Pointer to argument count */
+   int *szarg;                   /* Pointer to argument array size */
+   int done;                     /* Finished (no further simplification)? */
+   int iarg;                     /* Loop counter for arguments */
+   int icvt1;                    /* Loop initial value */
+   int icvt2;                    /* Loop final value */
+   int icvt;                     /* Loop counter for transformation steps */
+   int ikeep;                    /* Index to store step being kept */
+   int imap1;                    /* Index of first TimeMap to merge */
+   int imap2;                    /* Index of last TimeMap to merge */
+   int imap;                     /* Loop counter for Mappings */
+   int inc;                      /* Increment for transformation step loop */
+   int invert;                   /* TimeMap applied in inverse direction? */
+   int istep;                    /* Loop counter for transformation steps */
+   int keep;                     /* Keep transformation step? */
+   int ngone;                    /* Number of Mappings eliminated */
+   int nstep0;                   /* Original number of transformation steps */
+   int nstep;                    /* Total number of transformation steps */
+   int result;                   /* Result value to return */
+   int simpler;                  /* Simplification possible? */
+   int unit;                     /* Replacement Mapping is a UnitMap? */
+
+/* Initialise. */
+   result = -1;
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return result;
+
+/* TimeMaps can only be merged if they are in series (or if there is
+   only one Mapping present, in which case it makes no difference), so
+   do nothing if they are not. */
+   if ( series || ( *nmap == 1 ) ) {
+
+/* Initialise the number of transformation steps to be merged to equal
+   the number in the nominated TimeMap. */
+      nstep = ( (AstTimeMap *) ( *map_list )[ where ] )->ncvt;
+
+/* Search adjacent lower-numbered Mappings until one is found which is
+   not a TimeMap. Accumulate the number of transformation steps involved in
+   any TimeMaps found. */
+      imap1 = where;
+      while ( ( imap1 - 1 >= 0 ) && astOK ) {
+         class = astGetClass( ( *map_list )[ imap1 - 1 ] );
+         if ( !astOK || strcmp( class, "TimeMap" ) ) break;
+         nstep += ( (AstTimeMap *) ( *map_list )[ imap1 - 1 ] )->ncvt;
+         imap1--;
+      }
+
+/* Similarly search adjacent higher-numbered Mappings. */
+      imap2 = where;
+      while ( ( imap2 + 1 < *nmap ) && astOK ) {
+         class = astGetClass( ( *map_list )[ imap2 + 1 ] );
+         if ( !astOK || strcmp( class, "TimeMap" ) ) break;
+         nstep += ( (AstTimeMap *) ( *map_list )[ imap2 + 1 ] )->ncvt;
+         imap2++;
+      }
+
+/* Remember the initial number of transformation steps. */
+      nstep0 = nstep;
+
+/* Allocate memory for accumulating a list of all the transformation
+   steps involved in all the TimeMaps found. */
+      cvttype = astMalloc( sizeof( int ) * (size_t) nstep );
+      cvtargs = astMalloc( sizeof( double[ MAX_ARGS ] ) * (size_t) nstep );
+      szarg = astMalloc( sizeof( int ) * (size_t) nstep );
+      narg = astMalloc( sizeof( int ) * (size_t) nstep );
+
+/* Loop to obtain the transformation data for each TimeMap being merged. */
+      nstep = 0;
+      for ( imap = imap1; astOK && ( imap <= imap2 ); imap++ ) {
+
+/* Obtain a pointer to the TimeMap and note if it is being applied in
+   its inverse direction. */
+         timemap = (AstTimeMap *) ( *map_list )[ imap ];
+         invert = ( *invert_list )[ imap ];
+
+/* Set up loop limits and an increment to scan the transformation
+   steps in each TimeMap in either the forward or reverse direction, as
+   dictated by the associated "invert" value. */
+         icvt1 = invert ? timemap->ncvt - 1 : 0;
+         icvt2 = invert ? -1 : timemap->ncvt;
+         inc = invert ? -1 : 1;
+
+/* Loop through each transformation step in the TimeMap. */
+         for ( icvt = icvt1; icvt != icvt2; icvt += inc ) {
+
+/* Store the transformation type code and use "CvtString" to determine
+   the associated number of arguments. Then store these arguments. */
+            cvttype[ nstep ] = timemap->cvttype[ icvt ];
+            (void) CvtString( cvttype[ nstep ], &comment,
+                              narg + nstep, szarg + nstep, argdesc,
+                              NULL, status );
+            if ( !astOK ) break;
+            for ( iarg = 0; iarg < szarg[ nstep ]; iarg++ ) {
+               cvtargs[ nstep ][ iarg ] = timemap->cvtargs[ icvt ][ iarg ];
+            }
+
+/* If the TimeMap is inverted, we must not only accumulate its
+   transformation steps in reverse, but also apply them in
+   reverse. For some steps this means changing arguments, for some it
+   means changing the transformation type code to a complementary
+   value, and for others it means both.  Define macros to perform each
+   of the required changes. */
+
+/* Macro to exchange a transformation type code for its inverse (and
+   vice versa). */
+#define SWAP_CODES( code1, code2 ) \
+            if ( cvttype[ nstep ] == code1 ) { \
+               cvttype[ nstep ] = code2; \
+               AddArgs(  code2, cvtargs[ nstep ], status ); \
+            } else if ( cvttype[ nstep ] == code2 ) { \
+               cvttype[ nstep ] = code1; \
+               AddArgs(  code1, cvtargs[ nstep ], status ); \
+            }
+
+/* Macro to exchange a transformation type code for its inverse (and
+   vice versa), and swap the order of its 2 arguments. */
+#define SWAP_CODES2( code1, code2 ) \
+            if ( cvttype[ nstep ] == code1 ) { \
+               cvttype[ nstep ] = code2; \
+               tmp = cvtargs[ nstep ][ 0 ]; \
+               cvtargs[ nstep ][ 0 ] = cvtargs[ nstep ][ 1 ]; \
+               cvtargs[ nstep ][ 1 ] = tmp; \
+               AddArgs(  cvttype[ nstep ], cvtargs[ nstep ], status ); \
+            } else if ( cvttype[ nstep ] == code2 ) { \
+               cvttype[ nstep ] = code1; \
+               tmp = cvtargs[ nstep ][ 0 ]; \
+               cvtargs[ nstep ][ 0 ] = cvtargs[ nstep ][ 1 ]; \
+               cvtargs[ nstep ][ 1 ] = tmp; \
+               AddArgs(  cvttype[ nstep ], cvtargs[ nstep ], status ); \
+            }
+
+/* Use these macros to apply the changes where needed. */
+            if ( invert ) {
+
+/* Exchange transformation codes for their inverses. */
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__TAITOUTC, AST__UTCTOTAI )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__TAITOTT, AST__TTTOTAI )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__TTTOTDB, AST__TDBTOTT )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__TDBTOTCB, AST__TCBTOTDB )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__TTTOTCG, AST__TCGTOTT )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__UTTOGMST, AST__GMSTTOUT )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__GMSTTOLMST, AST__LMSTTOGMST )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__LASTTOLMST, AST__LMSTTOLAST )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__UTTOUTC, AST__UTCTOUT )
+               SWAP_CODES( AST__LTTOUTC, AST__UTCTOLT )
+
+/* Exchange transformation codes for their inverses, and swap the offset
+   values. */
+               SWAP_CODES2( AST__MJDTOMJD, AST__MJDTOMJD )
+               SWAP_CODES2( AST__MJDTOJD, AST__JDTOMJD )
+               SWAP_CODES2( AST__MJDTOBEP, AST__BEPTOMJD )
+               SWAP_CODES2( AST__MJDTOJEP, AST__JEPTOMJD )
+
+            }
+
+/* Undefine the local macros. */
+#undef SWAP_CODES
+#undef SWAP_CODES2
+
+/* Count the transformation steps. */
+            nstep++;
+         }
+      }
+
+/* Loop to simplify the sequence of transformation steps until no
+   further improvement is possible. */
+      done = 0;
+      while ( astOK && !done ) {
+
+/* Examine each remaining transformation step in turn.  */
+         ikeep = -1;
+         for ( istep = 0; istep < nstep; istep++ ) {
+
+/* Initially assume we will retain the current step. */
+            keep = 1;
+
+/* We can eliminate changes of system which have no effect. */
+            if( ( cvttype[ istep ] == AST__MJDTOMJD ||
+                  cvttype[ istep ] == AST__MJDTOJD ||
+                  cvttype[ istep ] == AST__JDTOMJD ) &&
+                cvtargs[ istep ][ 2 ] == 0.0 ) {
+               keep = 0;
+
+/* The only simplifications for the conversions currently in this class act
+   to combine adjacent transformation steps, so only apply them while there
+   are at least 2 steps left. */
+            } else if ( istep < ( nstep - 1 ) ) {
+
+/* Define a macro to test if two adjacent transformation type codes
+   have specified values. */
+#define PAIR_CVT( code1, code2 ) \
+               ( ( cvttype[ istep ] == code1 ) && \
+                 ( cvttype[ istep + 1 ] == code2 ) )
+
+/* Define a macro to test if two adjacent transformation type codes
+   have specified values, either way round. */
+#define PAIR_CVT2( code1, code2 ) \
+               ( ( PAIR_CVT( code1, code2 ) ) || \
+                 ( PAIR_CVT( code2, code1 ) ) )
+
+/* If a correction is followed by its inverse, and the user-supplied argument
+   values are unchanged (we do not need to test values stored in the
+   argument array which were not supplied by the user), we can eliminate them.
+   First check for conversions which have a single user-supplied argument. */
+               if( ( PAIR_CVT2( AST__TAITOTT, AST__TTTOTAI ) ||
+                     PAIR_CVT2( AST__UTTOGMST, AST__GMSTTOUT ) ||
+                     PAIR_CVT2( AST__TTTOTCG, AST__TCGTOTT ) ||
+                     PAIR_CVT2( AST__TTTOTCG, AST__TCGTOTT ) ||
+                     PAIR_CVT2( AST__UTTOUTC, AST__UTCTOUT ) ||
+                     PAIR_CVT2( AST__LTTOUTC, AST__UTCTOLT ) ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 0 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 0 ] ) ) {
+                  istep++;
+                  keep = 0;
+
+/* Now check for conversions which have two user-supplied arguments
+   that are swapped by inversion. */
+               } else if( ( PAIR_CVT2( AST__MJDTOJD, AST__JDTOMJD ) ||
+                            PAIR_CVT2( AST__MJDTOMJD, AST__MJDTOMJD ) ||
+                            PAIR_CVT2( AST__MJDTOBEP, AST__BEPTOMJD ) ||
+                            PAIR_CVT2( AST__MJDTOJEP, AST__JEPTOMJD ) ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 0 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 1 ] ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 1 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 0 ] ) ) {
+                  istep++;
+                  keep = 0;
+
+/* Now check for conversions which have two user-supplied arguments
+   that are NOT swapped by inversion. */
+               } else if( ( PAIR_CVT2( AST__TAITOUTC, AST__UTCTOTAI ) ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 0 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 0 ] ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 1 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 1 ] ) ) {
+                  istep++;
+                  keep = 0;
+
+/* Now check for conversions which have three user-supplied arguments. */
+               } else if( ( PAIR_CVT2( AST__TDBTOTCB, AST__TCBTOTDB ) ||
+                            PAIR_CVT2( AST__GMSTTOLMST, AST__LMSTTOGMST ) ||
+                            PAIR_CVT2( AST__LASTTOLMST, AST__LMSTTOLAST ) ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 0 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 0 ] ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 1 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 1 ] ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 2 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 2 ] ) ) {
+                  istep++;
+                  keep = 0;
+
+/* Now check for conversions which have five user-supplied arguments. */
+               } else if( ( PAIR_CVT2( AST__TTTOTDB, AST__TDBTOTT ) ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 0 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 0 ] ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 1 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 1 ] ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 2 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 2 ] ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 3 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 3 ] ) &&
+                          astEQUAL( cvtargs[ istep ][ 4 ],
+                                 cvtargs[ istep + 1 ][ 4 ] ) ) {
+                  istep++;
+                  keep = 0;
+               }
+
+/* Undefine the local macros. */
+#undef PAIR_CVT
+#undef PAIR_CVT2
+            }
+
+/* If the current transformation (possibly modified above) is being
+   kept, then increment the index that identifies its new location in
+   the list of transformation steps. */
+            if ( keep ) {
+               ikeep++;
+
+/* If the new location is different to its current location, copy the
+   transformation data into the new location. */
+               if ( ikeep != istep ) {
+                  cvttype[ ikeep ] = cvttype[ istep ];
+                  for ( iarg = 0; iarg < szarg[ istep ]; iarg++ ) {
+                     cvtargs[ ikeep ][ iarg ] = cvtargs[ istep ][ iarg ];
+                  }
+                  szarg[ ikeep ] = szarg[ istep ];
+                  narg[ ikeep ] = narg[ istep ];
+               }
+            }
+         }
+
+/* Note if no simplification was achieved on this iteration (i.e. the
+   number of transformation steps was not reduced). This is the signal
+   to quit. */
+         done = ( ( ikeep + 1 ) >= nstep );
+
+/* Note how many transformation steps now remain. */
+         nstep = ikeep + 1;
+      }
+
+/* Determine how many Mappings can be eliminated by condensing all
+   those considered above into a single Mapping. */
+      if ( astOK ) {
+         ngone = imap2 - imap1;
+
+/* Determine if the replacement Mapping can be a UnitMap (a null
+   Mapping). This will only be the case if all the transformation
+   steps were eliminated above. */
+         unit = ( nstep == 0 );
+
+/* Determine if simplification is possible. This will be the case if
+   (a) Mappings were eliminated ("ngone" is non-zero), or (b) the
+   number of transformation steps was reduced, or (c) the TimeMap(s)
+   can be replaced by a UnitMap, or (d) if there was initially only
+   one TimeMap present, its invert flag was set (this flag will always
+   be cleared in the replacement Mapping). */
+         simpler = ngone || ( nstep < nstep0 ) || unit ||
+                   ( *invert_list )[ where ];
+
+/* Do nothing more unless simplification is possible. */
+         if ( simpler ) {
+
+/* If the replacement Mapping is a UnitMap, then create it. */
+            if ( unit ) {
+               new = (AstMapping *)
+                        astUnitMap( astGetNin( ( *map_list )[ where ] ), "", status );
+
+/* Otherwise, create a replacement TimeMap and add each of the
+   remaining transformation steps to it. */
+            } else {
+               new = (AstMapping *) astTimeMap( 0, "", status );
+               for ( istep = 0; istep < nstep; istep++ ) {
+                  AddTimeCvt( (AstTimeMap *) new, cvttype[ istep ],
+                             narg[ istep ], cvtargs[ istep ], status );
+               }
+            }
+
+/* Annul the pointers to the Mappings being eliminated. */
+            if ( astOK ) {
+               for ( imap = imap1; imap <= imap2; imap++ ) {
+                  ( *map_list )[ imap ] = astAnnul( ( *map_list )[ imap ] );
+               }
+
+/* Insert the pointer and invert value for the new Mapping. */
+               ( *map_list )[ imap1 ] = new;
+               ( *invert_list )[ imap1 ] = 0;
+
+/* Move any subsequent Mapping information down to close the gap. */
+               for ( imap = imap2 + 1; imap < *nmap; imap++ ) {
+                  ( *map_list )[ imap - ngone ] = ( *map_list )[ imap ];
+                  ( *invert_list )[ imap - ngone ] = ( *invert_list )[ imap ];
+               }
+
+/* Blank out any information remaining at the end of the arrays. */
+               for ( imap = ( *nmap - ngone ); imap < *nmap; imap++ ) {
+                  ( *map_list )[ imap ] = NULL;
+                  ( *invert_list )[ imap ] = 0;
+               }
+
+/* Decrement the Mapping count and return the index of the first
+   Mapping which was eliminated. */
+               ( *nmap ) -= ngone;
+               result = imap1;
+
+/* If an error occurred, annul the new Mapping pointer. */
+            } else {
+               new = astAnnul( new );
+            }
+         }
+      }
+
+/* Free the memory used for the transformation steps. */
+      cvttype = astFree( cvttype );
+      cvtargs = astFree( cvtargs );
+      szarg = astFree( szarg );
+      narg = astFree( narg );
+   }
+
+/* If an error occurred, clear the returned value. */
+   if ( !astOK ) result = -1;
+
+/* Return the result. */
+   return result;
+}
+
+static double Rate( AstMapping *this, double *at, int ax1, int ax2, int *status ){
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     Rate
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Calculate the rate of change of a Mapping output.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     result = Rate( AstMapping *this, double *at, int ax1, int ax2, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function (overrides the astRate method inherited
+*     from the Mapping class ).
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function returns the rate of change of a specified output of
+*     the supplied Mapping with respect to a specified input, at a
+*     specified input position.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     this
+*        Pointer to the Mapping to be applied.
+*     at
+*        The address of an array holding the axis values at the position
+*        at which the rate of change is to be evaluated. The number of
+*        elements in this array should equal the number of inputs to the
+*        Mapping.
+*     ax1
+*        The index of the Mapping output for which the rate of change is to
+*        be found (output numbering starts at 0 for the first output).
+*     ax2
+*        The index of the Mapping input which is to be varied in order to
+*        find the rate of change (input numbering starts at 0 for the first
+*        input).
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     The rate of change of Mapping output "ax1" with respect to input
+*     "ax2", evaluated at "at", or AST__BAD if the value cannot be
+*     calculated.
+
+*  Implementation Deficiencies:
+*     The initial version of this implementation only deals with
+*     frequency->wavelength conversions. This is because the slowness of
+*     the numerical differentiation implemented by the astRate method in
+*     the parent Mapping class is cripples conversion between SpecFluxFrames.
+*     Such conversions only rely on rate of change of wavelength with
+*     respect to frequency. This implementation should be extended when
+*     needed.
+
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstTimeMap *map;
+   double result;
+   int cvt;
+   int i;
+
+/* Check inherited status */
+   if( !astOK ) return AST__BAD;
+
+/* Get a pointer to the TimeMap structure. */
+   map = (AstTimeMap *) this;
+
+/* Initialise the returned value. */
+   result = 1.0;
+
+/* Loop round each conversion. */
+   for( i = 0; i < map->ncvt; i++ ) {
+
+/* Store the type of the current conversion.*/
+      cvt = map->cvttype[ i ];
+
+/* Many of the time conversions are linear. If this is the case, multiply
+   the total rate of change by the rate of change for this step. */
+      if( cvt == AST__MJDTOBEP ) {
+         result *= 1.0/365.242198781;
+
+      } else if( cvt == AST__BEPTOMJD ) {
+         result *= 365.242198781;
+
+      } else if( cvt == AST__MJDTOJEP ) {
+         result *= 1.0/365.25;
+
+      } else if( cvt == AST__JEPTOMJD ) {
+         result *= 365.25;
+
+/* The GMST scales is not linear, so break if we encounter it, and use the
+   (numerical) parent astRate method. The other time scale conversions are
+   assumed to have a slope of unity. In fact the slope will be ever so
+   slightly different to unity. */
+      } else if( cvt == AST__UTTOGMST || cvt == AST__GMSTTOUT ) {
+         result = AST__BAD;
+         break;
+      }
+   }
+
+/* If this is non-linear TimeMap, use the astRate method inherited from the
+   parent Mapping class. */
+   if( result == AST__BAD ) result = (*parent_rate)( this, at, ax1, ax2, status );
+
+/* Return the result. */
+   return result;
+}
+
+static double Rcc( double tdb, double ut1, double wl, double u, double v, int *status ){
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     Rcc
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Find difference between TDB and TT.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     double Rcc( double tdb, double ut1, double wl, double u, double v, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function
+
+*  Description:
+*     Relativistic clock correction:  the difference between proper time at
+*     a point on the surface of the Earth and coordinate time in the Solar
+*     System barycentric space-time frame of reference.
+*
+*     The proper time is terrestrial time, TT;  the coordinate time is an
+*     implementation of barycentric dynamical time, TDB.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     tdb
+*        TDB as an MJD.
+*     ut1
+*        Universal time (only the fraction of the day is relevant)
+*     wl
+*        Observer longitude (radians west)
+*     u
+*        Observer distance from Earth spin axis (km)
+*     v
+*        Observer distance north of Earth equatorial plane (km)
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     The clock correction, TDB-TT, in seconds. TDB is coordinate time in the
+*     solar system barycentre frame of reference, in units chosen to eliminate
+*     the scale difference with respect to terrestrial time. TT is the proper
+*     time for clocks at mean sea level on the Earth.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - This function is a translation of the fortran routine SLA_RCC
+*     written by by P.T.Wallace.
+*
+*     - The argument TDB is, strictly, the barycentric coordinate time;
+*     however, the terrestrial time TT can in practice be used without
+*     any significant loss of accuracy.
+*
+*     - The result returned by Rcc comprises a main (annual)
+*     sinusoidal term of amplitude approximately 0.00166 seconds, plus
+*     planetary and lunar terms up to about 20 microseconds, and diurnal
+*     terms up to 2 microseconds.  The variation arises from the
+*     transverse Doppler effect and the gravitational red-shift as the
+*     observer varies in speed and moves through different gravitational
+*     potentials.
+*
+*     - The geocentric model is that of Fairhead & Bretagnon (1990), in
+*     its full form.  It was supplied by Fairhead (private
+*     communication) as a FORTRAN subroutine.  The original Fairhead
+*     routine used explicit formulae, in such large numbers that
+*     problems were experienced with certain compilers (Microsoft
+*     Fortran on PC aborted with stack overflow, Convex compiled
+*     successfully but extremely slowly).  The present implementation is
+*     a complete recoding, with the original Fairhead coefficients held
+*     in a table.  To optimise arithmetic precision, the terms are
+*     accumulated in reverse order, smallest first.  A number of other
+*     coding changes were made, in order to match the calling sequence
+*     of previous versions of the present routine, and to comply with
+*     Starlink programming standards.  The numerical results compared
+*     with those from the Fairhead form are essentially unaffected by
+*     the changes, the differences being at the 10^-20 sec level.
+*
+*     - The topocentric part of the model is from Moyer (1981) and
+*     Murray (1983).  It is an approximation to the expression
+*     ( v / c ) . ( r / c ), where v is the barycentric velocity of
+*     the Earth, r is the geocentric position of the observer and
+*     c is the speed of light.
+*
+*     - During the interval 1950-2050, the absolute accuracy of is better
+*     than +/- 3 nanoseconds relative to direct numerical integrations
+*     using the JPL DE200/LE200 solar system ephemeris.
+*
+*     - The IAU definition of TDB was that it must differ from TT only by
+*     periodic terms.  Though practical, this is an imprecise definition
+*     which ignores the existence of very long-period and secular
+*     effects in the dynamics of the solar system.  As a consequence,
+*     different implementations of TDB will, in general, differ in zero-
+*     point and will drift linearly relative to one other.
+*
+*     - TDB was, in principle, superseded by new coordinate timescales
+*     which the IAU introduced in 1991:  geocentric coordinate time,
+*     TCG, and barycentric coordinate time, TCB.  However, Rcc
+*     can be used to implement the periodic part of TCB-TCG.
+
+*  References:
+*     - Fairhead, L., & Bretagnon, P., Astron.Astrophys., 229, 240-247
+*     (1990).
+*
+*     - Moyer, T.D., Cel.Mech., 23, 33 (1981).
+*
+*     - Murray, C.A., Vectorial Astrometry, Adam Hilger (1983).
+*
+*     - Seidelmann, P.K. et al, Explanatory Supplement to the
+*     Astronomical Almanac, Chapter 2, University Science Books
+*     (1992).
+*
+*     - Simon J.L., Bretagnon P., Chapront J., Chapront-Touze M.,
+*     Francou G. & Laskar J., Astron.Astrophys., 282, 663-683 (1994).
+*/
+
+
+
+
+
+/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+*
+*  Fairhead and Bretagnon canonical coefficients
+*
+*  787 sets of three coefficients.
+*
+*  Each set is amplitude (microseconds)
+*              frequency (radians per Julian millennium since J2000),
+*              phase (radians).
+*
+*  Sets   0-473 are the T**0 terms,
+*   "   474-678  "   "  T**1   "
+*   "   679-763  "   "  T**2   "
+*   "   764-783  "   "  T**3   "
+*   "   784-786  "   "  T**4   "  .
+*/
+   static double fairhd[ 787 ][ 3 ] = {
+
+     { 1656.674564E-6,    6283.075849991, 6.240054195},
+     {   22.417471E-6,    5753.384884897, 4.296977442},
+     {   13.839792E-6,   12566.151699983, 6.196904410},
+     {    4.770086E-6,     529.690965095, 0.444401603},
+     {    4.676740E-6,    6069.776754553, 4.021195093},
+     {    2.256707E-6,     213.299095438, 5.543113262},
+     {    1.694205E-6,      -3.523118349, 5.025132748},
+     {    1.554905E-6,   77713.771467920, 5.198467090},
+     {    1.276839E-6,    7860.419392439, 5.988822341},
+     {    1.193379E-6,    5223.693919802, 3.649823730},
+     {    1.115322E-6,    3930.209696220, 1.422745069},
+     {    0.794185E-6,   11506.769769794, 2.322313077},
+     {    0.447061E-6,      26.298319800, 3.615796498},
+     {    0.435206E-6,    -398.149003408, 4.349338347},
+     {    0.600309E-6,    1577.343542448, 2.678271909},
+     {    0.496817E-6,    6208.294251424, 5.696701824},
+     {    0.486306E-6,    5884.926846583, 0.520007179},
+     {    0.432392E-6,      74.781598567, 2.435898309},
+     {    0.468597E-6,    6244.942814354, 5.866398759},
+     {    0.375510E-6,    5507.553238667, 4.103476804},
+     {    0.243085E-6,    -775.522611324, 3.651837925},
+     {    0.173435E-6,   18849.227549974, 6.153743485},
+     {    0.230685E-6,    5856.477659115, 4.773852582},
+     {    0.203747E-6,   12036.460734888, 4.333987818},
+     {    0.143935E-6,    -796.298006816, 5.957517795},
+     {    0.159080E-6,   10977.078804699, 1.890075226},
+     {    0.119979E-6,      38.133035638, 4.551585768},
+     {    0.118971E-6,    5486.777843175, 1.914547226},
+     {    0.116120E-6,    1059.381930189, 0.873504123},
+     {    0.137927E-6,   11790.629088659, 1.135934669},
+     {    0.098358E-6,    2544.314419883, 0.092793886},
+     {    0.101868E-6,   -5573.142801634, 5.984503847},
+     {    0.080164E-6,     206.185548437, 2.095377709},
+     {    0.079645E-6,    4694.002954708, 2.949233637},
+     {    0.062617E-6,      20.775395492, 2.654394814},
+     {    0.075019E-6,    2942.463423292, 4.980931759},
+     {    0.064397E-6,    5746.271337896, 1.280308748},
+     {    0.063814E-6,    5760.498431898, 4.167901731},
+     {    0.048042E-6,    2146.165416475, 1.495846011},
+     {    0.048373E-6,     155.420399434, 2.251573730},
+     {    0.058844E-6,     426.598190876, 4.839650148},
+     {    0.046551E-6,      -0.980321068, 0.921573539},
+     {    0.054139E-6,   17260.154654690, 3.411091093},
+     {    0.042411E-6,    6275.962302991, 2.869567043},
+     {    0.040184E-6,      -7.113547001, 3.565975565},
+     {    0.036564E-6,    5088.628839767, 3.324679049},
+     {    0.040759E-6,   12352.852604545, 3.981496998},
+     {    0.036507E-6,     801.820931124, 6.248866009},
+     {    0.036955E-6,    3154.687084896, 5.071801441},
+     {    0.042732E-6,     632.783739313, 5.720622217},
+     {    0.042560E-6,  161000.685737473, 1.270837679},
+     {    0.040480E-6,   15720.838784878, 2.546610123},
+     {    0.028244E-6,   -6286.598968340, 5.069663519},
+     {    0.033477E-6,    6062.663207553, 4.144987272},
+     {    0.034867E-6,     522.577418094, 5.210064075},
+     {    0.032438E-6,    6076.890301554, 0.749317412},
+     {    0.030215E-6,    7084.896781115, 3.389610345},
+     {    0.029247E-6,  -71430.695617928, 4.183178762},
+     {    0.033529E-6,    9437.762934887, 2.404714239},
+     {    0.032423E-6,    8827.390269875, 5.541473556},
+     {    0.027567E-6,    6279.552731642, 5.040846034},
+     {    0.029862E-6,   12139.553509107, 1.770181024},
+     {    0.022509E-6,   10447.387839604, 1.460726241},
+     {    0.020937E-6,    8429.241266467, 0.652303414},
+     {    0.020322E-6,     419.484643875, 3.735430632},
+     {    0.024816E-6,   -1194.447010225, 1.087136918},
+     {    0.025196E-6,    1748.016413067, 2.901883301},
+     {    0.021691E-6,   14143.495242431, 5.952658009},
+     {    0.017673E-6,    6812.766815086, 3.186129845},
+     {    0.022567E-6,    6133.512652857, 3.307984806},
+     {    0.016155E-6,   10213.285546211, 1.331103168},
+     {    0.014751E-6,    1349.867409659, 4.308933301},
+     {    0.015949E-6,    -220.412642439, 4.005298270},
+     {    0.015974E-6,   -2352.866153772, 6.145309371},
+     {    0.014223E-6,   17789.845619785, 2.104551349},
+     {    0.017806E-6,      73.297125859, 3.475975097},
+     {    0.013671E-6,    -536.804512095, 5.971672571},
+     {    0.011942E-6,    8031.092263058, 2.053414715},
+     {    0.014318E-6,   16730.463689596, 3.016058075},
+     {    0.012462E-6,     103.092774219, 1.737438797},
+     {    0.010962E-6,       3.590428652, 2.196567739},
+     {    0.015078E-6,   19651.048481098, 3.969480770},
+     {    0.010396E-6,     951.718406251, 5.717799605},
+     {    0.011707E-6,   -4705.732307544, 2.654125618},
+     {    0.010453E-6,    5863.591206116, 1.913704550},
+     {    0.012420E-6,    4690.479836359, 4.734090399},
+     {    0.011847E-6,    5643.178563677, 5.489005403},
+     {    0.008610E-6,    3340.612426700, 3.661698944},
+     {    0.011622E-6,    5120.601145584, 4.863931876},
+     {    0.010825E-6,     553.569402842, 0.842715011},
+     {    0.008666E-6,    -135.065080035, 3.293406547},
+     {    0.009963E-6,     149.563197135, 4.870690598},
+     {    0.009858E-6,    6309.374169791, 1.061816410},
+     {    0.007959E-6,     316.391869657, 2.465042647},
+     {    0.010099E-6,     283.859318865, 1.942176992},
+     {    0.007147E-6,    -242.728603974, 3.661486981},
+     {    0.007505E-6,    5230.807466803, 4.920937029},
+     {    0.008323E-6,   11769.853693166, 1.229392026},
+     {    0.007490E-6,   -6256.777530192, 3.658444681},
+     {    0.009370E-6,  149854.400134205, 0.673880395},
+     {    0.007117E-6,      38.027672636, 5.294249518},
+     {    0.007857E-6,   12168.002696575, 0.525733528},
+     {    0.007019E-6,    6206.809778716, 0.837688810},
+     {    0.006056E-6,     955.599741609, 4.194535082},
+     {    0.008107E-6,   13367.972631107, 3.793235253},
+     {    0.006731E-6,    5650.292110678, 5.639906583},
+     {    0.007332E-6,      36.648562930, 0.114858677},
+     {    0.006366E-6,    4164.311989613, 2.262081818},
+     {    0.006858E-6,    5216.580372801, 0.642063318},
+     {    0.006919E-6,    6681.224853400, 6.018501522},
+     {    0.006826E-6,    7632.943259650, 3.458654112},
+     {    0.005308E-6,   -1592.596013633, 2.500382359},
+     {    0.005096E-6,   11371.704689758, 2.547107806},
+     {    0.004841E-6,    5333.900241022, 0.437078094},
+     {    0.005582E-6,    5966.683980335, 2.246174308},
+     {    0.006304E-6,   11926.254413669, 2.512929171},
+     {    0.006603E-6,   23581.258177318, 5.393136889},
+     {    0.005123E-6,      -1.484472708, 2.999641028},
+     {    0.004648E-6,    1589.072895284, 1.275847090},
+     {    0.005119E-6,    6438.496249426, 1.486539246},
+     {    0.004521E-6,    4292.330832950, 6.140635794},
+     {    0.005680E-6,   23013.539539587, 4.557814849},
+     {    0.005488E-6,      -3.455808046, 0.090675389},
+     {    0.004193E-6,    7234.794256242, 4.869091389},
+     {    0.003742E-6,    7238.675591600, 4.691976180},
+     {    0.004148E-6,    -110.206321219, 3.016173439},
+     {    0.004553E-6,   11499.656222793, 5.554998314},
+     {    0.004892E-6,    5436.993015240, 1.475415597},
+     {    0.004044E-6,    4732.030627343, 1.398784824},
+     {    0.004164E-6,   12491.370101415, 5.650931916},
+     {    0.004349E-6,   11513.883316794, 2.181745369},
+     {    0.003919E-6,   12528.018664345, 5.823319737},
+     {    0.003129E-6,    6836.645252834, 0.003844094},
+     {    0.004080E-6,   -7058.598461315, 3.690360123},
+     {    0.003270E-6,      76.266071276, 1.517189902},
+     {    0.002954E-6,    6283.143160294, 4.447203799},
+     {    0.002872E-6,      28.449187468, 1.158692983},
+     {    0.002881E-6,     735.876513532, 0.349250250},
+     {    0.003279E-6,    5849.364112115, 4.893384368},
+     {    0.003625E-6,    6209.778724132, 1.473760578},
+     {    0.003074E-6,     949.175608970, 5.185878737},
+     {    0.002775E-6,    9917.696874510, 1.030026325},
+     {    0.002646E-6,   10973.555686350, 3.918259169},
+     {    0.002575E-6,   25132.303399966, 6.109659023},
+     {    0.003500E-6,     263.083923373, 1.892100742},
+     {    0.002740E-6,   18319.536584880, 4.320519510},
+     {    0.002464E-6,     202.253395174, 4.698203059},
+     {    0.002409E-6,       2.542797281, 5.325009315},
+     {    0.003354E-6,  -90955.551694697, 1.942656623},
+     {    0.002296E-6,    6496.374945429, 5.061810696},
+     {    0.003002E-6,    6172.869528772, 2.797822767},
+     {    0.003202E-6,   27511.467873537, 0.531673101},
+     {    0.002954E-6,   -6283.008539689, 4.533471191},
+     {    0.002353E-6,     639.897286314, 3.734548088},
+     {    0.002401E-6,   16200.772724501, 2.605547070},
+     {    0.003053E-6,  233141.314403759, 3.029030662},
+     {    0.003024E-6,   83286.914269554, 2.355556099},
+     {    0.002863E-6,   17298.182327326, 5.240963796},
+     {    0.002103E-6,   -7079.373856808, 5.756641637},
+     {    0.002303E-6,   83996.847317911, 2.013686814},
+     {    0.002303E-6,   18073.704938650, 1.089100410},
+     {    0.002381E-6,      63.735898303, 0.759188178},
+     {    0.002493E-6,    6386.168624210, 0.645026535},
+     {    0.002366E-6,       3.932153263, 6.215885448},
+     {    0.002169E-6,   11015.106477335, 4.845297676},
+     {    0.002397E-6,    6243.458341645, 3.809290043},
+     {    0.002183E-6,    1162.474704408, 6.179611691},
+     {    0.002353E-6,    6246.427287062, 4.781719760},
+     {    0.002199E-6,    -245.831646229, 5.956152284},
+     {    0.001729E-6,    3894.181829542, 1.264976635},
+     {    0.001896E-6,   -3128.388765096, 4.914231596},
+     {    0.002085E-6,      35.164090221, 1.405158503},
+     {    0.002024E-6,   14712.317116458, 2.752035928},
+     {    0.001737E-6,    6290.189396992, 5.280820144},
+     {    0.002229E-6,     491.557929457, 1.571007057},
+     {    0.001602E-6,   14314.168113050, 4.203664806},
+     {    0.002186E-6,     454.909366527, 1.402101526},
+     {    0.001897E-6,   22483.848574493, 4.167932508},
+     {    0.001825E-6,   -3738.761430108, 0.545828785},
+     {    0.001894E-6,    1052.268383188, 5.817167450},
+     {    0.001421E-6,      20.355319399, 2.419886601},
+     {    0.001408E-6,   10984.192351700, 2.732084787},
+     {    0.001847E-6,   10873.986030480, 2.903477885},
+     {    0.001391E-6,   -8635.942003763, 0.593891500},
+     {    0.001388E-6,      -7.046236698, 1.166145902},
+     {    0.001810E-6,  -88860.057071188, 0.487355242},
+     {    0.001288E-6,   -1990.745017041, 3.913022880},
+     {    0.001297E-6,   23543.230504682, 3.063805171},
+     {    0.001335E-6,    -266.607041722, 3.995764039},
+     {    0.001376E-6,   10969.965257698, 5.152914309},
+     {    0.001745E-6,  244287.600007027, 3.626395673},
+     {    0.001649E-6,   31441.677569757, 1.952049260},
+     {    0.001416E-6,    9225.539273283, 4.996408389},
+     {    0.001238E-6,    4804.209275927, 5.503379738},
+     {    0.001472E-6,    4590.910180489, 4.164913291},
+     {    0.001169E-6,    6040.347246017, 5.841719038},
+     {    0.001039E-6,    5540.085789459, 2.769753519},
+     {    0.001004E-6,    -170.672870619, 0.755008103},
+     {    0.001284E-6,   10575.406682942, 5.306538209},
+     {    0.001278E-6,      71.812653151, 4.713486491},
+     {    0.001321E-6,   18209.330263660, 2.624866359},
+     {    0.001297E-6,   21228.392023546, 0.382603541},
+     {    0.000954E-6,    6282.095528923, 0.882213514},
+     {    0.001145E-6,    6058.731054289, 1.169483931},
+     {    0.000979E-6,    5547.199336460, 5.448375984},
+     {    0.000987E-6,   -6262.300454499, 2.656486959},
+     {    0.001070E-6, -154717.609887482, 1.827624012},
+     {    0.000991E-6,    4701.116501708, 4.387001801},
+     {    0.001155E-6,     -14.227094002, 3.042700750},
+     {    0.001176E-6,     277.034993741, 3.335519004},
+     {    0.000890E-6,   13916.019109642, 5.601498297},
+     {    0.000884E-6,   -1551.045222648, 1.088831705},
+     {    0.000876E-6,    5017.508371365, 3.969902609},
+     {    0.000806E-6,   15110.466119866, 5.142876744},
+     {    0.000773E-6,   -4136.910433516, 0.022067765},
+     {    0.001077E-6,     175.166059800, 1.844913056},
+     {    0.000954E-6,   -6284.056171060, 0.968480906},
+     {    0.000737E-6,    5326.786694021, 4.923831588},
+     {    0.000845E-6,    -433.711737877, 4.749245231},
+     {    0.000819E-6,    8662.240323563, 5.991247817},
+     {    0.000852E-6,     199.072001436, 2.189604979},
+     {    0.000723E-6,   17256.631536341, 6.068719637},
+     {    0.000940E-6,    6037.244203762, 6.197428148},
+     {    0.000885E-6,   11712.955318231, 3.280414875},
+     {    0.000706E-6,   12559.038152982, 2.824848947},
+     {    0.000732E-6,    2379.164473572, 2.501813417},
+     {    0.000764E-6,   -6127.655450557, 2.236346329},
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+     {    0.000389E-6,    -220.412642439, 3.090323467},
+     {    0.000373E-6,    6062.663207553, 3.003551964},
+     {    0.000360E-6,    6076.890301554, 1.918913041},
+     {    0.000316E-6,     -21.340641002, 5.545798121},
+     {    0.000315E-6,    -242.728603974, 1.884932563},
+     {    0.000278E-6,     206.185548437, 1.266254859},
+     {    0.000238E-6,    -536.804512095, 4.532664830},
+     {    0.000185E-6,     522.577418094, 4.578313856},
+     {    0.000245E-6,   18849.227549974, 0.587467082},
+     {    0.000180E-6,     426.598190876, 5.151178553},
+     {    0.000200E-6,     553.569402842, 5.355983739},
+     {    0.000141E-6,    5223.693919802, 1.336556009},
+     {    0.000104E-6,    5856.477659115, 4.239842759},
+     {    0.003826E-6,    6283.075849991, 5.705257275},
+     {    0.000303E-6,   12566.151699983, 5.407132842},
+     {    0.000209E-6,     155.420399434, 1.989815753}
+   };
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   double t, tsol, w, elsun, emsun, d, elj, els, wt, w0, w1, w2, w3, w4,
+          wf, wj;
+   int i;
+
+
+/* Time since J2000.0 in Julian millennia. */
+   t = ( tdb - 51544.5 )/365250;
+
+
+
+/* -------------------- Topocentric terms ----------------------------- */
+
+/* Convert UT1 to local solar time in radians. */
+   tsol = fmod( ut1, 1.0 )*D2PI - wl;
+
+/* FUNDAMENTAL ARGUMENTS:  Simon et al 1994 */
+
+/* Combine time argument (millennia ) with deg/arcsec factor. */
+   w = t / 3600.0;
+
+/* Sun Mean Longitude. */
+   elsun = fmod( 280.46645683 + 1296027711.03429*w, 360.0 )*D2R;
+
+/* Sun Mean Anomaly. */
+   emsun = fmod( 357.52910918 + 1295965810.481*w, 360.0 )*D2R;
+
+/* Mean Elongation of Moon from Sun. */
+   d = fmod( 297.85019547 + 16029616012.090*w, 360.0 )*D2R;
+
+/* Mean Longitude of Jupiter. */
+   elj = fmod( 34.35151874 + 109306899.89453*w, 360.0 )*D2R;
+
+/* Mean Longitude of Saturn. */
+   els = fmod( 50.07744430 + 44046398.47038*w, 360.0 )*D2R;
+
+/* TOPOCENTRIC TERMS:  Moyer 1981 and Murray 1983. */
+   wt =   + 0.00029E-10*u*sin( tsol + elsun - els )
+          + 0.00100E-10*u*sin( tsol - 2*emsun )
+          + 0.00133E-10*u*sin( tsol - d )
+          + 0.00133E-10*u*sin( tsol + elsun - elj )
+          - 0.00229E-10*u*sin( tsol + 2*elsun + emsun )
+          - 0.0220E-10*v*cos( elsun + emsun )
+          + 0.05312E-10*u*sin( tsol - emsun )
+          - 0.13677E-10*u*sin( tsol + 2*elsun )
+          - 1.3184E-10*v*cos( elsun )
+          + 3.17679E-10*u*sin( tsol );
+
+
+
+/* --------------- Fairhead model --------------------------------------- */
+
+/* t**0 */
+   w0 = 0;
+   for( i = 473; i >= 0; i-- ) {
+      w0 = w0 + fairhd[ i ][ 0 ]*sin( fairhd[ i ][ 1 ]*t + fairhd[ i ][ 2 ] );
+   }
+
+/* t**1 */
+   w1 = 0;
+   for( i = 678; i >= 474; i-- ) {
+      w1 = w1 + fairhd[ i ][ 0 ]*sin( fairhd[ i ][ 1 ]*t + fairhd[ i ][ 2 ] );
+   }
+
+/* t**2 */
+   w2 = 0;
+   for( i = 763; i >= 679; i-- ) {
+      w2 = w2 + fairhd[ i ][ 0 ]*sin( fairhd[ i ][ 1 ]*t + fairhd[ i ][ 2 ] );
+   }
+
+/* t**3 */
+   w3 = 0;
+   for( i = 783; i >= 764; i-- ) {
+      w3 = w3 + fairhd[ i ][ 0 ]*sin( fairhd[ i ][ 1 ]*t + fairhd[ i ][ 2 ] );
+   }
+
+/* t**4 */
+   w4 = 0;
+   for( i = 786; i >= 784; i-- ) {
+      w4 = w4 + fairhd[ i ][ 0 ]*sin( fairhd[ i ][ 1 ]*t + fairhd[ i ][ 2 ] );
+   }
+
+/* Multiply by powers of T and combine. */
+   wf = t*( t*( t*( t*w4 + w3 ) + w2 ) + w1 ) + w0;
+
+/* Adjustments to use JPL planetary masses instead of IAU. */
+   wj =    0.00065E-6  * sin(  6069.776754  *t  +  4.021194  )  +
+           0.00033E-6  * sin(   213.299095  *t  +  5.543132  )  +
+        ( -0.00196E-6  * sin( 6208.294251   *t  +  5.696701  ) ) +
+        ( -0.00173E-6  * sin(   74.781599   *t  +  2.435900  ) ) +
+           0.03638E-6*t*t;
+
+
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* Final result:  TDB-TT in seconds. */
+   return wt + wf + wj;
+
+}
+
+static void TimeAdd( AstTimeMap *this, const char *cvt, int narg,
+                     const double args[], int *status ) {
+/*
+*++
+*  Name:
+c     astTimeAdd
+f     AST_TIMEADD
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Add a time coordinate conversion to a TimeMap.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Public virtual function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+c     #include "timemap.h"
+c     void astTimeAdd( AstTimeMap *this, const char *cvt, int narg,
+c                      const double args[] )
+f     CALL AST_TIMEADD( THIS, CVT, NARG, ARGS, STATUS )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap method.
+
+*  Description:
+c     This function adds one of the standard time coordinate
+f     This routine adds one of the standard time coordinate
+*     system conversions listed below to an existing TimeMap.
+*
+c     When a TimeMap is first created (using astTimeMap), it simply
+f     When a TimeMap is first created (using AST_TIMEMAP), it simply
+c     performs a unit (null) Mapping. By using astTimeAdd (repeatedly
+f     performs a unit (null) Mapping. By using AST_TIMEADD (repeatedly
+*     if necessary), one or more coordinate conversion steps may then
+*     be added, which the TimeMap will perform in sequence. This allows
+*     multi-step conversions between a variety of time coordinate
+*     systems to be assembled out of the building blocks provided by
+*     this class.
+*
+*     Normally, if a TimeMap's Invert attribute is zero (the default),
+*     then its forward transformation is performed by carrying out
+*     each of the individual coordinate conversions specified by
+c     astTimeAdd in the order given (i.e. with the most recently added
+f     AST_TIMEADD in the order given (i.e. with the most recently added
+*     conversion applied last).
+*
+*     This order is reversed if the TimeMap's Invert attribute is
+*     non-zero (or if the inverse transformation is requested by any
+*     other means) and each individual coordinate conversion is also
+*     replaced by its own inverse. This process inverts the overall
+*     effect of the TimeMap. In this case, the first conversion to be
+*     applied would be the inverse of the one most recently added.
+
+*  Parameters:
+c     this
+f     THIS = INTEGER (Given)
+*        Pointer to the TimeMap.
+c     cvt
+f     CVT = CHARACTER * ( * ) (Given)
+c        Pointer to a null-terminated string which identifies the
+f        A character string which identifies the
+*        time coordinate conversion to be added to the
+*        TimeMap. See the "Available Conversions" section for details of
+*        those available.
+c     narg
+f     NARG = INTEGER (Given)
+*        The number of argument values supplied in the
+c        "args" array.
+f        ARGS array.
+c     args
+f     ARGS( * ) = DOUBLE PRECISION (Given)
+*        An array containing argument values for the time
+*        coordinate conversion. The number of arguments required, and
+*        hence the number of array elements used, depends on the
+*        conversion specified (see the "Available Conversions"
+*        section). This array is ignored
+c        and a NULL pointer may be supplied
+*        if no arguments are needed.
+f     STATUS = INTEGER (Given and Returned)
+f        The global status.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - When assembling a multi-stage conversion, it can sometimes be
+*     difficult to determine the most economical conversion path. A solution
+*     to this is to include all the steps which are (logically) necessary,
+*     but then to use
+c     astSimplify to simplify the resulting
+f     AST_SIMPLIFY to simplify the resulting
+*     TimeMap. The simplification process will eliminate any steps
+*     which turn out not to be needed.
+c     - This function does not check to ensure that the sequence of
+f     - This routine does not check to ensure that the sequence of
+*     coordinate conversions added to a TimeMap is physically
+*     meaningful.
+
+*  Available Conversions:
+*     The following strings (which are case-insensitive) may be supplied
+c     via the "cvt" parameter to indicate which time coordinate
+f     via the CVT argument to indicate which time coordinate
+*     conversion is to be added to the TimeMap. Where arguments are needed by
+*     the conversion, they are listed in parentheses. Values for
+c     these arguments should be given, via the "args" array, in the
+f     these arguments should be given, via the ARGS array, in the
+*     order indicated. Units and argument names are described at the end of
+*     the list of conversions, and "MJD" means Modified Julian Date.
+*
+*     - "MJDTOMJD"  (MJDOFF1,MJDOFF2): Convert MJD from one offset to another.
+*     - "MJDTOJD"  (MJDOFF,JDOFF): Convert MJD to Julian Date.
+*     - "JDTOMJD"  (JDOFF,MJDOFF): Convert Julian Date to MJD.
+*     - "MJDTOBEP" (MJDOFF,BEPOFF): Convert MJD to Besselian epoch.
+*     - "BEPTOMJD" (BEPOFF,MJDOFF): Convert Besselian epoch to MJD.
+*     - "MJDTOJEP" (MJDOFF,JEPOFF): Convert MJD to Julian epoch.
+*     - "JEPTOMJD" (JEPOFF,MJDOFF): Convert Julian epoch to MJD.
+*     - "TAITOUTC" (MJDOFF,DTAI): Convert a TAI MJD to a UTC MJD.
+*     - "UTCTOTAI" (MJDOFF,DTAI): Convert a UTC MJD to a TAI MJD.
+*     - "TAITOTT"  (MJDOFF): Convert a TAI MJD to a TT MJD.
+*     - "TTTOTAI"  (MJDOFF): Convert a TT MJD to a TAI MJD.
+*     - "TTTOTDB"  (MJDOFF,OBSLON,OBSLAT,OBSALT,DTAI): Convert a TT MJD to a TDB MJD.
+*     - "TDBTOTT"  (MJDOFF,OBSLON,OBSLAT,OBSALT,DTAI): Convert a TDB MJD to a TT MJD.
+*     - "TTTOTCG"  (MJDOFF): Convert a TT MJD to a TCG MJD.
+*     - "TCGTOTT"  (MJDOFF): Convert a TCG MJD to a TT MJD.
+*     - "TDBTOTCB" (MJDOFF): Convert a TDB MJD to a TCB MJD.
+*     - "TCBTOTDB" (MJDOFF): Convert a TCB MJD to a TDB MJD.
+*     - "UTTOGMST" (MJDOFF): Convert a UT MJD to a GMST MJD.
+*     - "GMSTTOUT" (MJDOFF): Convert a GMST MJD to a UT MJD.
+*     - "GMSTTOLMST" (MJDOFF,OBSLON,OBSLAT): Convert a GMST MJD to a LMST MJD.
+*     - "LMSTTOGMST" (MJDOFF,OBSLON,OBSLAT): Convert a LMST MJD to a GMST MJD.
+*     - "LASTTOLMST" (MJDOFF,OBSLON,OBSLAT): Convert a GMST MJD to a LMST MJD.
+*     - "LMSTTOLAST" (MJDOFF,OBSLON,OBSLAT): Convert a LMST MJD to a GMST MJD.
+*     - "UTTOUTC" (DUT1): Convert a UT1 MJD to a UTC MJD.
+*     - "UTCTOUT" (DUT1): Convert a UTC MJD to a UT1 MJD.
+*     - "LTTOUTC" (LTOFF): Convert a Local Time MJD to a UTC MJD.
+*     - "UTCTOLT" (LTOFF): Convert a UTC MJD to a Local Time MJD.
+*
+*     The units for the values processed by the above conversions are as
+*     follows:
+*
+*     - Julian epochs and offsets: Julian years
+*     - Besselian epochs and offsets: Tropical years
+*     - Modified Julian Dates and offsets: days
+*     - Julian Dates and offsets: days
+*
+*     The arguments used in the above conversions are the zero-points
+*     used by the
+c     astTransform function.
+f     AST_TRANSFORM routine.
+*     The axis values supplied and returned by
+c     astTransform
+f     AST_TRANSFORM
+*     are offsets away from these zero-points:
+*
+*     - MJDOFF: The zero-point being used with MJD values.
+*     - JDOFF: The zero-point being used with Julian Date values.
+*     - BEPOFF: The zero-point being used with Besselian epoch values.
+*     - JEPOFF: The zero-point being used with Julian epoch values.
+*     - OBSLON: Observer longitude in radians (+ve westwards).
+*     - OBSLAT: Observer geodetic latitude (IAU 1975) in radians (+ve northwards).
+*     - OBSALT: Observer geodetic altitude (IAU 1975) in metres.
+*     - DTAI: The value of TAI-UTC (the value returned by astDat is used if
+*     DTAI is AST__BAD).
+*     - DUT1: The UT1-UTC value to use.
+*     - LTOFF: The offset between Local Time and UTC (in hours, positive
+*     for time zones east of Greenwich).
+*--
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   int cvttype;                  /* Conversion type code */
+
+/* Check the inherited status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return;
+
+/* Validate the type string supplied and obtain the equivalent
+   conversion type code. */
+   cvttype = CvtCode( cvt, status );
+
+/* If the string was not recognised, then report an error. */
+   if ( astOK && ( cvttype == AST__TIME_NULL ) ) {
+      astError( AST__TIMIN,
+                "%s(%s): Invalid TimeMap time coordinate "
+                "conversion type \"%s\".", status, "astAddTime", astGetClass( this ), cvt );
+   }
+
+/* Add the new conversion to the TimeMap. */
+   AddTimeCvt( this, cvttype, narg, args, status );
+}
+
+static AstPointSet *Transform( AstMapping *this, AstPointSet *in,
+                               int forward, AstPointSet *out, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     Transform
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Apply a TimeMap to transform a set of points.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     AstPointSet *Transform( AstMapping *this, AstPointSet *in,
+*                             int forward, AstPointSet *out, int *status )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap member function (over-rides the astTransform method inherited
+*     from the Mapping class).
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function takes a TimeMap and a set of points encapsulated
+*     in a PointSet and transforms the points so as to perform the
+*     sequence of time coordinate conversions specified by
+*     previous invocations of astTimeAdd.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     this
+*        Pointer to the TimeMap.
+*     in
+*        Pointer to the PointSet holding the input coordinate data.
+*     forward
+*        A non-zero value indicates that the forward coordinate transformation
+*        should be applied, while a zero value requests the inverse
+*        transformation.
+*     out
+*        Pointer to a PointSet which will hold the transformed (output)
+*        coordinate values. A NULL value may also be given, in which case a
+*        new PointSet will be created by this function.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     Pointer to the output (possibly new) PointSet.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     -  A null pointer will be returned if this function is invoked with the
+*     global error status set, or if it should fail for any reason.
+*     -  The number of coordinate values per point in the input PointSet must
+*     match the number of coordinates for the TimeMap being applied.
+*     -  If an output PointSet is supplied, it must have space for sufficient
+*     number of points and coordinate values per point to accommodate the
+*     result. Any excess space will be ignored.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstPointSet *result;          /* Pointer to output PointSet */
+   AstTimeMap *map;              /* Pointer to TimeMap to be applied */
+   double **ptr_in;              /* Pointer to input coordinate data */
+   double **ptr_out;             /* Pointer to output coordinate data */
+   double *args;                 /* Pointer to argument list for conversion */
+   double *time;                 /* Pointer to output time axis value array */
+   double gmstx;                 /* GMST offset (in days) */
+   double tai;                   /* Absolute TAI value (in days) */
+   double tdb;                   /* Absolute TDB value (in days) */
+   double tt;                    /* Absolute TT value (in days) */
+   double utc;                   /* Absolute UTC value (in days) */
+   int ct;                       /* Conversion type */
+   int cvt;                      /* Loop counter for conversions */
+   int end;                      /* Termination index for conversion loop */
+   int inc;                      /* Increment for conversion loop */
+   int npoint;                   /* Number of points */
+   int point;                    /* Loop counter for points */
+   int start;                    /* Starting index for conversion loop */
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return NULL;
+
+/* Obtain a pointer to the TimeMap. */
+   map = (AstTimeMap *) this;
+
+/* Apply the parent mapping using the stored pointer to the Transform member
+   function inherited from the parent Mapping class. This function validates
+   all arguments and generates an output PointSet if necessary, but does not
+   actually transform any coordinate values. */
+   result = (*parent_transform)( this, in, forward, out, status );
+
+/* We will now extend the parent astTransform method by performing the
+   coordinate conversions needed to generate the output coordinate values. */
+
+/* Determine the numbers of points and coordinates per point from the input
+   PointSet and obtain pointers for accessing the input and output coordinate
+   values. */
+   npoint = astGetNpoint( in );
+   ptr_in = astGetPoints( in );
+   ptr_out = astGetPoints( result );
+
+/* Determine whether to apply the forward or inverse transformation, according
+   to the direction specified and whether the mapping has been inverted. */
+   if ( astGetInvert( this ) ) forward = !forward;
+
+/* Transform the coordinate values. */
+/* -------------------------------- */
+/* Use "time" as a synonym for the array of time axis values stored in
+   the output PointSet. */
+   if ( astOK ) {
+      time = ptr_out[ 0 ];
+
+/* Initialise the output coordinate values by copying the input ones. */
+      if( time != ptr_in[ 0 ] ) {
+         (void) memcpy( time, ptr_in[ 0 ], sizeof( double ) * (size_t) npoint );
+      }
+
+/* We will loop to apply each time coordinate conversion in turn to the
+   (time) array. However, if the inverse transformation was requested,
+   we must loop through these transformations in reverse order, so set up
+   appropriate limits and an increment to control this loop. */
+      start = forward ? 0 : map->ncvt - 1;
+      end = forward ? map->ncvt : -1;
+      inc = forward ? 1 : -1;
+
+/* Loop through the coordinate conversions in the required order and obtain a
+   pointer to the argument list for the current conversion. */
+      for ( cvt = start; cvt != end; cvt += inc ) {
+         args = map->cvtargs[ cvt ];
+
+/* Classify the SLALIB sky coordinate conversion to be applied. */
+         ct = map->cvttype[ cvt ];
+         switch ( ct ) {
+
+/* MJD to MJD. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__MJDTOMJD:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* MJD to JD. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__MJDTOJD:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* JD to MJD. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__JDTOMJD:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* MJD to Besselian epoch. */
+/* ----------------------- */
+            case AST__MJDTOBEP:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = palEpb( time[ point ] ) + args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = palEpb2d( time[ point ] ) + args[ 3 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* Besselian epoch to MJD. */
+/* ----------------------- */
+            case AST__BEPTOMJD:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = palEpb2d( time[ point ] ) + args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = palEpb( time[ point ] ) + args[ 3 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* MJD to Julian epoch. */
+/* -------------------- */
+            case AST__MJDTOJEP:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = palEpj( time[ point ] ) + args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = palEpj2d( time[ point ] ) + args[ 3 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* Julian epoch to MJD. */
+/* -------------------- */
+            case AST__JEPTOMJD:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = palEpj2d( time[ point ] ) + args[ 2 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = palEpj( time[ point ] ) + args[ 3 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TAI to UTC. */
+/* ----------- */
+            case AST__TAITOUTC:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += ( (args[ 1 ] == AST__BAD)
+                            ? astDat( time[ point ] + args[ 0 ], 0 )
+                            : - args[ 1 ] )/SPD;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += ( (args[ 1 ] == AST__BAD)
+                            ? astDat( time[ point ] + args[ 0 ], 1 )
+                            : args[ 1 ] )/SPD;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* UTC to TAI. */
+/* ----------- */
+            case AST__UTCTOTAI:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += ( (args[ 1 ] == AST__BAD)
+                            ? astDat( time[ point ] + args[ 0 ], 1 )
+                            : args[ 1 ] )/SPD;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += ( (args[ 1 ] == AST__BAD)
+                            ? astDat( time[ point ] + args[ 0 ], 0 )
+                            : - args[ 1 ] )/SPD;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TAI to TT. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__TAITOTT:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += (TTOFF/SPD);
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= (TTOFF/SPD);
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TT to TAI. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__TTTOTAI:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= (TTOFF/SPD);
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += (TTOFF/SPD);
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TT to TDB. */
+/* ---------- */
+/* For the purpose of estimating TDB-TT, we assume UTC is a good approximation
+   to UT1, and that TT is a good approximation to TDB. In fact, TAI is
+   probably a good enough approximation to UTC for the vast majority of
+   cases, but for completeness we handle the difference between TAI and
+   UTC (i.e. leap seconds) here. */
+            case AST__TTTOTDB:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        tt = time[ point ] + args[ 0 ];
+                        tai = tt - (TTOFF/SPD);
+                        utc = tai + ( (args[ 4 ] == AST__BAD) ? astDat( tai, 0 )
+                                                              : -args[ 4 ] )/SPD;
+                        time[ point ] += Rcc( tt, utc, args[ 1 ], args[ 5 ],
+                                              args[ 6 ], status )/SPD;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        tdb = time[ point ] + args[ 0 ];
+                        tai = tdb - (TTOFF/SPD);
+                        utc = tai + ( (args[ 4 ] == AST__BAD) ? astDat( tai, 0 )
+                                                              : -args[ 4 ] )/SPD;
+                        time[ point ] -= Rcc( tdb, utc, args[ 1 ], args[ 5 ],
+                                              args[ 6 ], status )/SPD;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TDB to TT. */
+/* ---------- */
+/* For the purpose of estimating TDB-TT, we assume UTC is a good approximation
+   to UT1, and that TT is a good approximation to TDB. In fact, TAI is
+   probably a good enough approximation to UTC for the vast majority of
+   cases, but for completeness we handle the difference between TAI and
+   UTC (i.e. leap seconds) here. */
+            case AST__TDBTOTT:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        tdb = time[ point ] + args[ 0 ];
+                        tai = tdb - (TTOFF/SPD);
+                        utc = tai + ( (args[ 4 ] == AST__BAD) ? astDat( tai, 0 )
+                                                              : -args[ 4 ] )/SPD;
+                        time[ point ] -= Rcc( tdb, utc, args[ 1 ], args[ 5 ],
+                                              args[ 6 ], status )/SPD;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        tt = time[ point ] + args[ 0 ];
+                        tai = tt - (TTOFF/SPD);
+                        utc = tai + ( (args[ 4 ] == AST__BAD) ? astDat( tai, 0 )
+                                                              : -args[ 4 ] )/SPD;
+                        time[ point ] += Rcc( tt, utc, args[ 1 ], args[ 5 ],
+                                              args[ 6 ], status )/SPD;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TT to TCG. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__TTTOTCG:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += time[ point ]*LG + args[ 1 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = ( time[ point ] - args[ 1 ] ) /
+                                         ( 1.0 + LG );
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TCG to TT. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__TCGTOTT:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = ( time[ point ] - args[ 1 ] ) /
+                                         ( 1.0 + LG );
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += time[ point ]*LG + args[ 1 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TDB to TCB. */
+/* ----------- */
+/* For the purpose of estimating TDB-TT, we assume UTC is a good approximation
+   to UT1, and that TT is a good approximation to both TDB and TCB. */
+            case AST__TDBTOTCB:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += time[ point ]*LB + args[ 1 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = ( time[ point ] - args[ 1 ] ) /
+                                         ( 1.0 + LB );
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* TCB to TDB. */
+/* ----------- */
+/* For the purpose of estimating TDB-TT, we assume UTC is a good approximation
+   to UT1, and that TT is a good approximation to TDB. */
+            case AST__TCBTOTDB:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = ( time[ point ] - args[ 1 ] ) /
+                                         ( 1.0 + LB );
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += time[ point ]*LB + args[ 1 ];
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* UT to GMST . */
+/* ------------ */
+            case AST__UTTOGMST:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = Gmsta( time[ point ], args[ 0 ], 1, status );
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = Gmsta( time[ point ], args[ 0 ], 0, status );
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* GMST to UT. */
+/* ----------- */
+            case AST__GMSTTOUT:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = Gmsta( time[ point ], args[ 0 ], 0, status );
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] = Gmsta( time[ point ], args[ 0 ], 1, status );
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* GMST to LMST. */
+/* ------------- */
+            case AST__GMSTTOLMST:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 1 ]/D2PI;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 1 ]/D2PI;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* LMST to GMST. */
+/* ------------- */
+            case AST__LMSTTOGMST:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 1 ]/D2PI;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 1 ]/D2PI;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* UT1 to UTC. */
+/* ------------- */
+            case AST__UTTOUTC:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 0 ]/86400.0;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 0 ]/86400.0;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+
+/* UTC to UT1. */
+/* ------------- */
+            case AST__UTCTOUT:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 0 ]/86400.0;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 0 ]/86400.0;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* LT to UTC. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__LTTOUTC:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 0 ]/24.0;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 0 ]/24.0;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+
+/* UTC to LT. */
+/* ---------- */
+            case AST__UTCTOLT:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] += args[ 0 ]/24.0;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        time[ point ] -= args[ 0 ]/24.0;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* LMST to LAST. */
+/* ------------- */
+/* Calculating the equation of the equinoxes required TDB. So we need to
+   convert the given LMST to TDB. We first convert LMST to UT1. UT1 is
+   equal to UTC to within 1 second. We then add on 32 seconds to get TAI
+   (this value is correct since 1999 - for earlier epochs an error of the
+   order of a minute will be introduced in the TAI value). We then add on
+   TTOFF seconds to get TT. This TT is then used as an approximation to
+   TDB. The total error in TDB is of the order of a few minutes, which
+   corresponds to an error of a few tens of microseconds in the equation of
+   the equinoxes. The sla precession-nutation model is accurate to around 3
+   mas = 200 us, so the error in TDB will be insignificant. */
+            case AST__LMSTTOLAST:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        gmstx = time[ point ] + args[ 1 ]/D2PI;
+                        tdb = Gmsta( gmstx, args[ 0 ], 0, status )
+                              + args[ 0 ] + (32 + TTOFF)/SPD;
+                        time[ point ] += palEqeqx( tdb )/D2PI;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        gmstx = time[ point ] + args[ 1 ]/D2PI;
+                        tdb = Gmsta( gmstx, args[ 0 ], 0, status )
+                              + args[ 0 ] + (32+TTOFF)/SPD;
+                        time[ point ] -= palEqeqx( tdb )/D2PI;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+               break;
+
+/* LAST to LMST. */
+/* ------------- */
+            case AST__LASTTOLMST:
+               if ( forward ) {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        gmstx = time[ point ] + args[ 1 ]/D2PI;
+                        tdb = Gmsta( gmstx, args[ 0 ], 0, status )
+                              + args[ 0 ] + (32+TTOFF)/SPD;
+                        time[ point ] -= palEqeqx( tdb )/D2PI;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for ( point = 0; point < npoint; point++ ) {
+                     if ( time[ point ] != AST__BAD ) {
+                        gmstx = time[ point ] + args[ 1 ]/D2PI;
+                        tdb = Gmsta( gmstx, args[ 0 ], 0, status )
+                              + args[ 0 ] + (32 + TTOFF)/SPD;
+                        time[ point ] += palEqeqx( tdb )/D2PI;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+/* If an error has occurred and a new PointSet may have been created, then
+   clean up by annulling it. In any case, ensure that a NULL result is
+   returned.*/
+   if ( !astOK ) {
+      if ( !out ) result = astAnnul( result );
+      result = NULL;
+   }
+
+/* Return a pointer to the output PointSet. */
+   return result;
+}
+
+/* Copy constructor. */
+/* ----------------- */
+static void Copy( const AstObject *objin, AstObject *objout, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     Copy
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Copy constructor for TimeMap objects.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     void Copy( const AstObject *objin, AstObject *objout, int *status )
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function implements the copy constructor for TimeMap objects.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     objin
+*        Pointer to the object to be copied.
+*     objout
+*        Pointer to the object being constructed.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     void
+
+*  Notes:
+*     -  This constructor makes a deep copy.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstTimeMap *in;                /* Pointer to input TimeMap */
+   AstTimeMap *out;               /* Pointer to output TimeMap */
+   int cvt;                       /* Loop counter for coordinate conversions */
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return;
+
+/* Obtain pointers to the input and output TimeMap structures. */
+   in = (AstTimeMap *) objin;
+   out = (AstTimeMap *) objout;
+
+/* For safety, first clear any references to the input memory from the output
+   TimeMap. */
+   out->cvtargs = NULL;
+   out->cvttype = NULL;
+
+/* Allocate memory for the output array of argument list pointers. */
+   out->cvtargs = astMalloc( sizeof( double * ) * (size_t) in->ncvt );
+
+/* If necessary, allocate memory and make a copy of the input array of
+   coordinate conversion codes. */
+   if ( in->cvttype ) out->cvttype = astStore( NULL, in->cvttype,
+                                               sizeof( int )
+                                               * (size_t) in->ncvt );
+
+/* If OK, loop through each conversion in the input TimeMap and make a copy of
+   its argument list, storing the new pointer in the output argument list
+   array. */
+   if ( astOK ) {
+      for ( cvt = 0; cvt < in->ncvt; cvt++ ) {
+         out->cvtargs[ cvt ] = astStore( NULL, in->cvtargs[ cvt ],
+                                         astSizeOf( in->cvtargs[ cvt ] ) );
+      }
+
+/* If an error occurred while copying the argument lists, loop through the
+   conversions again and clean up by ensuring that the new memory allocated for
+   each argument list is freed. */
+      if ( !astOK ) {
+         for ( cvt = 0; cvt < in->ncvt; cvt++ ) {
+            out->cvtargs[ cvt ] = astFree( out->cvtargs[ cvt ] );
+	 }
+      }
+   }
+
+/* If an error occurred, free all other memory allocated above. */
+   if ( !astOK ) {
+      out->cvtargs = astFree( out->cvtargs );
+      out->cvttype = astFree( out->cvttype );
+   }
+}
+
+/* Destructor. */
+/* ----------- */
+static void Delete( AstObject *obj, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     Delete
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Destructor for TimeMap objects.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     void Delete( AstObject *obj, int *status )
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function implements the destructor for TimeMap objects.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     obj
+*        Pointer to the object to be deleted.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     void
+
+*  Notes:
+*     This function attempts to execute even if the global error status is
+*     set.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstTimeMap *this;              /* Pointer to TimeMap */
+   int cvt;                       /* Loop counter for coordinate conversions */
+
+/* Obtain a pointer to the TimeMap structure. */
+   this = (AstTimeMap *) obj;
+
+/* Loop to free the memory containing the argument list for each coordinate
+   conversion. */
+   for ( cvt = 0; cvt < this->ncvt; cvt++ ) {
+      this->cvtargs[ cvt ] = astFree( this->cvtargs[ cvt ] );
+   }
+
+/* Free the memory holding the array of conversion types and the array of
+   argument list pointers. */
+   this->cvtargs = astFree( this->cvtargs );
+   this->cvttype = astFree( this->cvttype );
+}
+
+/* Dump function. */
+/* -------------- */
+static void Dump( AstObject *this_object, AstChannel *channel, int *status ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     Dump
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Dump function for TimeMap objects.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     void Dump( AstObject *this, AstChannel *channel, int *status )
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function implements the Dump function which writes out data
+*     for the TimeMap class to an output Channel.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     this
+*        Pointer to the TimeMap whose data are being written.
+*     channel
+*        Pointer to the Channel to which the data are being written.
+*     status
+*        Pointer to the inherited status variable.
+*/
+
+/* Local Constants: */
+#define KEY_LEN 50               /* Maximum length of a keyword */
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstTimeMap *this;             /* Pointer to the TimeMap structure */
+   char key[ KEY_LEN + 1 ];      /* Buffer for keyword string */
+   const char *argdesc[ MAX_ARGS ]; /* Pointers to argument descriptions */
+   const char *comment;          /* Pointer to comment string */
+   const char *sval;             /* Pointer to string value */
+   int iarg;                     /* Internal index of argument */
+   int icvt;                     /* Loop counter for conversion steps */
+   int ival;                     /* Integer value */
+   int jarg;                     /* External index of argument */
+   int nargs;                    /* Number of user-supplied arguments */
+   int *order;                   /* Order in which to store arguments */
+   int szargs;                   /* Number of stored arguments */
+   int set;                      /* Attribute value set? */
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return;
+
+/* Obtain a pointer to the TimeMap structure. */
+   this = (AstTimeMap *) this_object;
+
+/* Write out values representing the instance variables for the TimeMap
+   class.  Accompany these with appropriate comment strings, possibly
+   depending on the values being written.*/
+
+/* In the case of attributes, we first use the appropriate (private)
+   Test...  member function to see if they are set. If so, we then use
+   the (private) Get... function to obtain the value to be written
+   out.
+
+   For attributes which are not set, we use the astGet... method to
+   obtain the value instead. This will supply a default value
+   (possibly provided by a derived class which over-rides this method)
+   which is more useful to a human reader as it corresponds to the
+   actual default attribute value.  Since "set" will be zero, these
+   values are for information only and will not be read back. */
+
+/* Number of conversion steps. */
+/* --------------------------- */
+/* Regard this as "set" if it is non-zero. */
+   ival = this->ncvt;
+   set = ( ival != 0 );
+   astWriteInt( channel, "Ntime", set, 0, ival, "Number of conversion steps" );
+
+/* Write out data for each conversion step... */
+   for ( icvt = 0; icvt < this->ncvt; icvt++ ) {
+
+/* Conversion type. */
+/* ---------------- */
+/* Change each conversion type code into an equivalent string and
+   obtain associated descriptive information. If the conversion code
+   was not recognised, report an error and give up. */
+      if ( astOK ) {
+         sval = CvtString( this->cvttype[ icvt ], &comment,
+                           &nargs, &szargs, argdesc, &order, status );
+         if ( astOK && !sval ) {
+            astError( AST__TIMIN,
+                      "astWrite(%s): Corrupt %s contains invalid TimeMap "
+                      "time coordinate conversion code (%d).", status,
+                      astGetClass( channel ), astGetClass( this ),
+                      (int) this->cvttype[ icvt ] );
+            break;
+         }
+
+/* Create an appropriate keyword and write out the conversion code
+   information. */
+         (void) sprintf( key, "Time%d", icvt + 1 );
+         astWriteString( channel, key, 1, 1, sval, comment );
+
+/* Write out data for each conversion argument... */
+         for ( iarg = 0; iarg < szargs; iarg++ ) {
+
+/* The "iarg" value is the index of the argument within the external
+   argument list. Get the index of the argument within the internal
+   argument list. */
+            jarg = order ? order[ iarg ] : iarg;
+
+/* Arguments. */
+/* ---------- */
+/* Create an appropriate keyword and write out the argument value,
+   accompanied by the descriptive comment obtained above. */
+            if( this->cvtargs[ icvt ][ jarg ] != AST__BAD ) {
+               (void) sprintf( key, "Time%d%c", icvt + 1, ALPHABET[ iarg ] );
+               astWriteDouble( channel, key, 1, 1, this->cvtargs[ icvt ][ jarg ],
+                               argdesc[ jarg ] );
+            }
+         }
+
+/* Free the order array. */
+         order = astFree( order );
+
+/* Quit looping if an error occurs. */
+         if ( !astOK ) break;
+      }
+   }
+
+/* Undefine macros local to this function. */
+#undef KEY_LEN
+}
+
+/* Standard class functions. */
+/* ========================= */
+/* Implement the astIsATimeMap and astCheckTimeMap functions using the macros
+   defined for this purpose in the "object.h" header file. */
+astMAKE_ISA(TimeMap,Mapping)
+astMAKE_CHECK(TimeMap)
+
+AstTimeMap *astTimeMap_( int flags, const char *options, int *status, ...) {
+/*
+*++
+*  Name:
+c     astTimeMap
+f     AST_TIMEMAP
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Create a TimeMap.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Public function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+c     #include "timemap.h"
+c     AstTimeMap *astTimeMap( int flags, const char *options, ... )
+f     RESULT = AST_TIMEMAP( FLAGS, OPTIONS, STATUS )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap constructor.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function creates a new TimeMap and optionally initialises
+*     its attributes.
+*
+*     A TimeMap is a specialised form of 1-dimensional Mapping which can be
+*     used to represent a sequence of conversions between standard time
+*     coordinate systems.
+*
+*     When a TimeMap is first created, it simply performs a unit
+c     (null) Mapping. Using the astTimeAdd
+f     (null) Mapping. Using the AST_TIMEADD
+c     function, a series of coordinate conversion steps may then be
+f     routine, a series of coordinate conversion steps may then be
+*     added. This allows multi-step conversions between a variety of
+*     time coordinate systems to be assembled out of a set of building
+*     blocks.
+*
+*     For details of the individual coordinate conversions available,
+c     see the description of the astTimeAdd function.
+f     see the description of the AST_TIMEADD routine.
+
+*  Parameters:
+c     flags
+f     FLAGS = INTEGER (Given)
+c        This parameter is reserved for future use and should currently
+f        This argument is reserved for future use and should currently
+*        always be set to zero.
+c     options
+f     OPTIONS = CHARACTER * ( * ) (Given)
+c        Pointer to a null-terminated string containing an optional
+c        comma-separated list of attribute assignments to be used for
+c        initialising the new TimeMap. The syntax used is identical to
+c        that for the astSet function and may include "printf" format
+c        specifiers identified by "%" symbols in the normal way.
+c        If no initialisation is required, a zero-length string may be
+c        supplied.
+f        A character string containing an optional comma-separated
+f        list of attribute assignments to be used for initialising the
+f        new TimeMap. The syntax used is identical to that for the
+f        AST_SET routine. If no initialisation is required, a blank
+f        value may be supplied.
+c     ...
+c        If the "options" string contains "%" format specifiers, then
+c        an optional list of additional arguments may follow it in
+c        order to supply values to be substituted for these
+c        specifiers. The rules for supplying these are identical to
+c        those for the astSet function (and for the C "printf"
+c        function).
+f     STATUS = INTEGER (Given and Returned)
+f        The global status.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+c     astTimeMap()
+f     AST_TIMEMAP = INTEGER
+*        A pointer to the new TimeMap.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - The nature and units of the coordinate values supplied for the
+*     first input (i.e. the time input) of a TimeMap must be appropriate
+*     to the first conversion step applied by the TimeMap. For instance, if
+*     the first conversion step is "MJDTOBEP" (Modified Julian Date to
+*     Besselian epoch) then the coordinate values for the first input should
+*     be date in units of days. Similarly, the nature and units of the
+*     coordinate values returned by a TimeMap will be determined by the
+*     last conversion step applied by the TimeMap.
+*     - A null Object pointer (AST__NULL) will be returned if this
+c     function is invoked with the AST error status set, or if it
+f     function is invoked with STATUS set to an error value, or if it
+*     should fail for any reason.
+*--
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   astDECLARE_GLOBALS            /* Pointer to thread-specific global data */
+   AstTimeMap *new;              /* Pointer to the new TimeMap */
+   va_list args;                 /* Variable argument list */
+
+/* Get a pointer to the thread specific global data structure. */
+   astGET_GLOBALS(NULL);
+
+/* Check the global status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return NULL;
+
+/* Initialise the TimeMap, allocating memory and initialising the virtual
+   function table as well if necessary. */
+   new = astInitTimeMap( NULL, sizeof( AstTimeMap ), !class_init, &class_vtab,
+                        "TimeMap", flags );
+
+/* If successful, note that the virtual function table has been initialised. */
+   if ( astOK ) {
+      class_init = 1;
+
+/* Obtain the variable argument list and pass it along with the options string
+   to the astVSet method to initialise the new TimeMap's attributes. */
+      va_start( args, status );
+      astVSet( new, options, NULL, args );
+      va_end( args );
+
+/* If an error occurred, clean up by deleting the new object. */
+      if ( !astOK ) new = astDelete( new );
+   }
+
+/* Return a pointer to the new TimeMap. */
+   return new;
+}
+
+AstTimeMap *astTimeMapId_( int flags, const char *options, ... ) {
+/*
+*  Name:
+*     astTimeMapId_
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Create a TimeMap.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Private function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     AstTimeMap *astTimeMapId_( int flags, const char *options, ... )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap constructor.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function implements the external (public) interface to the
+*     astTimeMap constructor function. It returns an ID value (instead
+*     of a true C pointer) to external users, and must be provided
+*     because astTimeMap_ has a variable argument list which cannot be
+*     encapsulated in a macro (where this conversion would otherwise
+*     occur).
+*
+*     The variable argument list also prevents this function from
+*     invoking astTimeMap_ directly, so it must be a re-implementation
+*     of it in all respects, except for the final conversion of the
+*     result to an ID value.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     As for astTimeMap_.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     The ID value associated with the new TimeMap.
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   astDECLARE_GLOBALS            /* Pointer to thread-specific global data */
+   AstTimeMap *new;              /* Pointer to the new TimeMap */
+   va_list args;                 /* Variable argument list */
+
+   int *status;                  /* Pointer to inherited status value */
+
+/* Get a pointer to the inherited status value. */
+   status = astGetStatusPtr;
+
+/* Get a pointer to the thread specific global data structure. */
+   astGET_GLOBALS(NULL);
+
+/* Check the global status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return NULL;
+
+/* Initialise the TimeMap, allocating memory and initialising the virtual
+   function table as well if necessary. */
+   new = astInitTimeMap( NULL, sizeof( AstTimeMap ), !class_init, &class_vtab,
+                        "TimeMap", flags );
+
+/* If successful, note that the virtual function table has been initialised. */
+   if ( astOK ) {
+      class_init = 1;
+
+/* Obtain the variable argument list and pass it along with the options string
+   to the astVSet method to initialise the new TimeMap's attributes. */
+      va_start( args, options );
+      astVSet( new, options, NULL, args );
+      va_end( args );
+
+/* If an error occurred, clean up by deleting the new object. */
+      if ( !astOK ) new = astDelete( new );
+   }
+
+/* Return an ID value for the new TimeMap. */
+   return astMakeId( new );
+}
+
+AstTimeMap *astInitTimeMap_( void *mem, size_t size, int init,
+                             AstTimeMapVtab *vtab, const char *name,
+                             int flags, int *status ) {
+/*
+*+
+*  Name:
+*     astInitTimeMap
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Initialise a TimeMap.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Protected function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     AstTimeMap *astInitTimeMap( void *mem, size_t size, int init,
+*                               AstTimeMapVtab *vtab, const char *name,
+*                               int flags )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap initialiser.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function is provided for use by class implementations to initialise
+*     a new TimeMap object. It allocates memory (if necessary) to accommodate
+*     the TimeMap plus any additional data associated with the derived class.
+*     It then initialises a TimeMap structure at the start of this memory. If
+*     the "init" flag is set, it also initialises the contents of a virtual
+*     function table for a TimeMap at the start of the memory passed via the
+*     "vtab" parameter.
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     mem
+*        A pointer to the memory in which the TimeMap is to be initialised.
+*        This must be of sufficient size to accommodate the TimeMap data
+*        (sizeof(TimeMap)) plus any data used by the derived class. If a value
+*        of NULL is given, this function will allocate the memory itself using
+*        the "size" parameter to determine its size.
+*     size
+*        The amount of memory used by the TimeMap (plus derived class data).
+*        This will be used to allocate memory if a value of NULL is given for
+*        the "mem" parameter. This value is also stored in the TimeMap
+*        structure, so a valid value must be supplied even if not required for
+*        allocating memory.
+*     init
+*        A logical flag indicating if the TimeMap's virtual function table is
+*        to be initialised. If this value is non-zero, the virtual function
+*        table will be initialised by this function.
+*     vtab
+*        Pointer to the start of the virtual function table to be associated
+*        with the new TimeMap.
+*     name
+*        Pointer to a constant null-terminated character string which contains
+*        the name of the class to which the new object belongs (it is this
+*        pointer value that will subsequently be returned by the astClass
+*        method).
+*     flags
+*        This parameter is reserved for future use. It is currently ignored.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     A pointer to the new TimeMap.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     -  A null pointer will be returned if this function is invoked with the
+*     global error status set, or if it should fail for any reason.
+*-
+*/
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstTimeMap *new;               /* Pointer to the new TimeMap */
+
+/* Check the global status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return NULL;
+
+/* If necessary, initialise the virtual function table. */
+   if ( init ) astInitTimeMapVtab( vtab, name );
+
+/* Initialise a 1D Mapping structure (the parent class) as the first component
+   within the TimeMap structure, allocating memory if necessary. Specify that
+   the Mapping should be defined in both the forward and inverse directions. */
+   new = (AstTimeMap *) astInitMapping( mem, size, 0,
+                                       (AstMappingVtab *) vtab, name,
+                                       1, 1, 1, 1 );
+
+   if ( astOK ) {
+
+/* Initialise the TimeMap data. */
+/* --------------------------- */
+/* The initial state is with no conversions set, in which condition the
+   TimeMap simply implements a unit mapping. */
+      new->ncvt = 0;
+      new->cvtargs = NULL;
+      new->cvttype = NULL;
+
+/* If an error occurred, clean up by deleting the new object. */
+      if ( !astOK ) new = astDelete( new );
+   }
+
+/* Return a pointer to the new object. */
+   return new;
+}
+
+AstTimeMap *astLoadTimeMap_( void *mem, size_t size,
+                             AstTimeMapVtab *vtab, const char *name,
+                             AstChannel *channel, int *status ) {
+/*
+*+
+*  Name:
+*     astLoadTimeMap
+
+*  Purpose:
+*     Load a TimeMap.
+
+*  Type:
+*     Protected function.
+
+*  Synopsis:
+*     #include "timemap.h"
+*     AstTimeMap *astLoadTimeMap( void *mem, size_t size,
+*                                 AstTimeMapVtab *vtab, const char *name,
+*                                 AstChannel *channel )
+
+*  Class Membership:
+*     TimeMap loader.
+
+*  Description:
+*     This function is provided to load a new TimeMap using data read
+*     from a Channel. It first loads the data used by the parent class
+*     (which allocates memory if necessary) and then initialises a
+*     TimeMap structure in this memory, using data read from the input
+*     Channel.
+*
+*     If the "init" flag is set, it also initialises the contents of a
+*     virtual function table for a TimeMap at the start of the memory
+*     passed via the "vtab" parameter.
+
+
+*  Parameters:
+*     mem
+*        A pointer to the memory into which the TimeMap is to be
+*        loaded.  This must be of sufficient size to accommodate the
+*        TimeMap data (sizeof(TimeMap)) plus any data used by derived
+*        classes. If a value of NULL is given, this function will
+*        allocate the memory itself using the "size" parameter to
+*        determine its size.
+*     size
+*        The amount of memory used by the TimeMap (plus derived class
+*        data).  This will be used to allocate memory if a value of
+*        NULL is given for the "mem" parameter. This value is also
+*        stored in the TimeMap structure, so a valid value must be
+*        supplied even if not required for allocating memory.
+*
+*        If the "vtab" parameter is NULL, the "size" value is ignored
+*        and sizeof(AstTimeMap) is used instead.
+*     vtab
+*        Pointer to the start of the virtual function table to be
+*        associated with the new TimeMap. If this is NULL, a pointer to
+*        the (static) virtual function table for the TimeMap class is
+*        used instead.
+*     name
+*        Pointer to a constant null-terminated character string which
+*        contains the name of the class to which the new object
+*        belongs (it is this pointer value that will subsequently be
+*        returned by the astGetClass method).
+*
+*        If the "vtab" parameter is NULL, the "name" value is ignored
+*        and a pointer to the string "TimeMap" is used instead.
+
+*  Returned Value:
+*     A pointer to the new TimeMap.
+
+*  Notes:
+*     - A null pointer will be returned if this function is invoked
+*     with the global error status set, or if it should fail for any
+*     reason.
+*-
+*/
+
+/* Local Constants: */
+   astDECLARE_GLOBALS            /* Pointer to thread-specific global data */
+#define KEY_LEN 50               /* Maximum length of a keyword */
+
+/* Local Variables: */
+   AstTimeMap *new;              /* Pointer to the new TimeMap */
+   char *sval;                   /* Pointer to string value */
+   char key[ KEY_LEN + 1 ];      /* Buffer for keyword string */
+   const char *argdesc[ MAX_ARGS ]; /* Pointers to argument descriptions */
+   const char *comment;          /* Pointer to comment string */
+   int iarg;                     /* Internal index of argument */
+   int icvt;                     /* Loop counter for conversion steps */
+   int jarg;                     /* External index of argument */
+   int *order;                   /* Order in which to store arguments */
+   int nargs;                    /* Number of user-supplied arguments */
+   int szargs;                   /* Number of stored arguments */
+
+/* Get a pointer to the thread specific global data structure. */
+   astGET_GLOBALS(channel);
+
+/* Initialise. */
+   new = NULL;
+
+/* Check the global error status. */
+   if ( !astOK ) return new;
+
+/* If a NULL virtual function table has been supplied, then this is
+   the first loader to be invoked for this TimeMap. In this case the
+   TimeMap belongs to this class, so supply appropriate values to be
+   passed to the parent class loader (and its parent, etc.). */
+   if ( !vtab ) {
+      size = sizeof( AstTimeMap );
+      vtab = &class_vtab;
+      name = "TimeMap";
+
+/* If required, initialise the virtual function table for this class. */
+      if ( !class_init ) {
+         astInitTimeMapVtab( vtab, name );
+         class_init = 1;
+      }
+   }
+
+/* Invoke the parent class loader to load data for all the ancestral
+   classes of the current one, returning a pointer to the resulting
+   partly-built TimeMap. */
+   new = astLoadMapping( mem, size, (AstMappingVtab *) vtab, name,
+                         channel );
+
+   if ( astOK ) {
+
+/* Read input data. */
+/* ================ */
+/* Request the input Channel to read all the input data appropriate to
+   this class into the internal "values list". */
+      astReadClassData( channel, "TimeMap" );
+
+/* Now read each individual data item from this list and use it to
+   initialise the appropriate instance variable(s) for this class. */
+
+/* In the case of attributes, we first read the "raw" input value,
+   supplying the "unset" value as the default. If a "set" value is
+   obtained, we then use the appropriate (private) Set... member
+   function to validate and set the value properly. */
+
+/* Number of conversion steps. */
+/* --------------------------- */
+/* Read the number of conversion steps and allocate memory to hold
+   data for each step. */
+      new->ncvt = astReadInt( channel, "ntime", 0 );
+      if ( new->ncvt < 0 ) new->ncvt = 0;
+      new->cvttype = astMalloc( sizeof( int ) * (size_t) new->ncvt );
+      new->cvtargs = astMalloc( sizeof( double * ) * (size_t) new->ncvt );
+
+/* If an error occurred, ensure that all allocated memory is freed. */
+      if ( !astOK ) {
+         new->cvttype = astFree( new->cvttype );
+         new->cvtargs = astFree( new->cvtargs );
+
+/* Otherwise, initialise the argument pointer array. */
+      } else {
+         for ( icvt = 0; icvt < new->ncvt; icvt++ ) {
+            new->cvtargs[ icvt ] = NULL;
+         }
+
+/* Read in data for each conversion step... */
+         for ( icvt = 0; icvt < new->ncvt; icvt++ ) {
+
+/* Conversion type. */
+/* ---------------- */
+/* Create an appropriate keyword and read the string representation of
+   the conversion type. */
+            (void) sprintf( key, "time%d", icvt + 1 );
+            sval = astReadString( channel, key, NULL );
+
+/* If no value was read, report an error. */
+            if ( astOK ) {
+               if ( !sval ) {
+                  astError( AST__BADIN,
+                            "astRead(%s): A time coordinate conversion "
+                            "type is missing from the input TimeMap data.", status,
+                            astGetClass( channel ) );
+
+/* Otherwise, convert the string representation into the required
+   conversion type code. */
+               } else {
+                  new->cvttype[ icvt ] = CvtCode( sval, status );
+
+/* If the string was not recognised, report an error. */
+                  if ( new->cvttype[ icvt ] == AST__TIME_NULL ) {
+                     astError( AST__BADIN,
+                              "astRead(%s): Invalid time conversion "
+                              "type \"%s\" in TimeMap data.", status,
+                              astGetClass( channel ), sval );
+                  }
+               }
+
+/* Free the memory holding the string value. */
+               sval = astFree( sval );
+            }
+
+/* Obtain the number of arguments associated with the conversion and
+   allocate memory to hold them. */
+            (void) CvtString( new->cvttype[ icvt ], &comment,
+                              &nargs, &szargs, argdesc, &order, status );
+            new->cvtargs[ icvt ] = astMalloc( sizeof( double ) *
+                                              (size_t) szargs );
+
+/* Read in data for each argument... */
+            if ( astOK ) {
+               for ( iarg = 0; iarg < szargs; iarg++ ) {
+
+/* The "iarg" value is the index of the argument within the external
+   argument list. Get the index of the argument within the internal
+   argument list. */
+                  jarg = order ? order[ iarg ] : iarg;
+
+/* Arguments. */
+/* ---------- */
+/* Create an appropriate keyword and read each argument value. */
+                  (void) sprintf( key, "time%d%c", icvt + 1, ALPHABET[ iarg ] );
+                  new->cvtargs[ icvt ][ jarg ] = astReadDouble( channel, key,
+                                                                AST__BAD );
+               }
+            }
+
+/* Free the order array. */
+            order = astFree( order );
+
+/* Quit looping if an error occurs. */
+            if ( !astOK ) break;
+         }
+      }
+
+/* If an error occurred, clean up by deleting the new TimeMap. */
+      if ( !astOK ) new = astDelete( new );
+   }
+
+/* Return the new TimeMap pointer. */
+   return new;
+
+/* Undefine macros local to this function. */
+#undef KEY_LEN
+}
+
+/* Virtual function interfaces. */
+/* ============================ */
+/* These provide the external interface to the virtual functions defined by
+   this class. Each simply checks the global error status and then locates and
+   executes the appropriate member function, using the function pointer stored
+   in the object's virtual function table (this pointer is located using the
+   astMEMBER macro defined in "object.h").
+
+   Note that the member function may not be the one defined here, as it may
+   have been over-ridden by a derived class. However, it should still have the
+   same interface. */
+void astTimeAdd_( AstTimeMap *this, const char *cvt, int narg, const double args[],
+                  int *status ) {
+   if ( !astOK ) return;
+   (**astMEMBER(this,TimeMap,TimeAdd))( this, cvt, narg, args, status );
+}
+
+
+
+