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author | Georg Brandl <georg@python.org> | 2007-08-15 14:27:07 (GMT) |
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committer | Georg Brandl <georg@python.org> | 2007-08-15 14:27:07 (GMT) |
commit | 739c01d47b9118d04e5722333f0e6b4d0c8bdd9e (patch) | |
tree | f82b450d291927fc1758b96d981aa0610947b529 /Doc/lib/libnntplib.tex | |
parent | 2d1649094402ef393ea2b128ba2c08c3937e6b93 (diff) | |
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diff --git a/Doc/lib/libnntplib.tex b/Doc/lib/libnntplib.tex deleted file mode 100644 index 22236f4..0000000 --- a/Doc/lib/libnntplib.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,355 +0,0 @@ -\section{\module{nntplib} --- - NNTP protocol client} - -\declaremodule{standard}{nntplib} -\modulesynopsis{NNTP protocol client (requires sockets).} - -\indexii{NNTP}{protocol} -\index{Network News Transfer Protocol} - -This module defines the class \class{NNTP} which implements the client -side of the NNTP protocol. It can be used to implement a news reader -or poster, or automated news processors. For more information on NNTP -(Network News Transfer Protocol), see Internet \rfc{977}. - -Here are two small examples of how it can be used. To list some -statistics about a newsgroup and print the subjects of the last 10 -articles: - -\begin{verbatim} ->>> s = NNTP('news.cwi.nl') ->>> resp, count, first, last, name = s.group('comp.lang.python') ->>> print 'Group', name, 'has', count, 'articles, range', first, 'to', last -Group comp.lang.python has 59 articles, range 3742 to 3803 ->>> resp, subs = s.xhdr('subject', first + '-' + last) ->>> for id, sub in subs[-10:]: print id, sub -... -3792 Re: Removing elements from a list while iterating... -3793 Re: Who likes Info files? -3794 Emacs and doc strings -3795 a few questions about the Mac implementation -3796 Re: executable python scripts -3797 Re: executable python scripts -3798 Re: a few questions about the Mac implementation -3799 Re: PROPOSAL: A Generic Python Object Interface for Python C Modules -3802 Re: executable python scripts -3803 Re: \POSIX{} wait and SIGCHLD ->>> s.quit() -'205 news.cwi.nl closing connection. Goodbye.' -\end{verbatim} - -To post an article from a file (this assumes that the article has -valid headers): - -\begin{verbatim} ->>> s = NNTP('news.cwi.nl') ->>> f = open('/tmp/article') ->>> s.post(f) -'240 Article posted successfully.' ->>> s.quit() -'205 news.cwi.nl closing connection. Goodbye.' -\end{verbatim} - -The module itself defines the following items: - -\begin{classdesc}{NNTP}{host\optional{, port - \optional{, user\optional{, password - \optional{, readermode} - \optional{, usenetrc}}}}} -Return a new instance of the \class{NNTP} class, representing a -connection to the NNTP server running on host \var{host}, listening at -port \var{port}. The default \var{port} is 119. If the optional -\var{user} and \var{password} are provided, -or if suitable credentials are present in \file{~/.netrc} and the -optional flag \var{usenetrc} is true (the default), -the \samp{AUTHINFO USER} and \samp{AUTHINFO PASS} commands are used to -identify and authenticate the user to the server. If the optional -flag \var{readermode} is true, then a \samp{mode reader} command is -sent before authentication is performed. Reader mode is sometimes -necessary if you are connecting to an NNTP server on the local machine -and intend to call reader-specific commands, such as \samp{group}. If -you get unexpected \exception{NNTPPermanentError}s, you might need to set -\var{readermode}. \var{readermode} defaults to \code{None}. -\var{usenetrc} defaults to \code{True}. - -\versionchanged[\var{usenetrc} argument added]{2.4} -\end{classdesc} - -\begin{excdesc}{NNTPError} -Derived from the standard exception \exception{Exception}, this is the -base class for all exceptions raised by the \module{nntplib} module. -\end{excdesc} - -\begin{excdesc}{NNTPReplyError} -Exception raised when an unexpected reply is received from the -server. For backwards compatibility, the exception \code{error_reply} -is equivalent to this class. -\end{excdesc} - -\begin{excdesc}{NNTPTemporaryError} -Exception raised when an error code in the range 400--499 is -received. For backwards compatibility, the exception -\code{error_temp} is equivalent to this class. -\end{excdesc} - -\begin{excdesc}{NNTPPermanentError} -Exception raised when an error code in the range 500--599 is -received. For backwards compatibility, the exception -\code{error_perm} is equivalent to this class. -\end{excdesc} - -\begin{excdesc}{NNTPProtocolError} -Exception raised when a reply is received from the server that does -not begin with a digit in the range 1--5. For backwards -compatibility, the exception \code{error_proto} is equivalent to this -class. -\end{excdesc} - -\begin{excdesc}{NNTPDataError} -Exception raised when there is some error in the response data. For -backwards compatibility, the exception \code{error_data} is -equivalent to this class. -\end{excdesc} - - -\subsection{NNTP Objects \label{nntp-objects}} - -NNTP instances have the following methods. The \var{response} that is -returned as the first item in the return tuple of almost all methods -is the server's response: a string beginning with a three-digit code. -If the server's response indicates an error, the method raises one of -the above exceptions. - - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{getwelcome}{} -Return the welcome message sent by the server in reply to the initial -connection. (This message sometimes contains disclaimers or help -information that may be relevant to the user.) -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{set_debuglevel}{level} -Set the instance's debugging level. This controls the amount of -debugging output printed. The default, \code{0}, produces no debugging -output. A value of \code{1} produces a moderate amount of debugging -output, generally a single line per request or response. A value of -\code{2} or higher produces the maximum amount of debugging output, -logging each line sent and received on the connection (including -message text). -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{newgroups}{date, time, \optional{file}} -Send a \samp{NEWGROUPS} command. The \var{date} argument should be a -string of the form \code{'\var{yy}\var{mm}\var{dd}'} indicating the -date, and \var{time} should be a string of the form -\code{'\var{hh}\var{mm}\var{ss}'} indicating the time. Return a pair -\code{(\var{response}, \var{groups})} where \var{groups} is a list of -group names that are new since the given date and time. -If the \var{file} parameter is supplied, then the output of the -\samp{NEWGROUPS} command is stored in a file. If \var{file} is a string, -then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it -then close it. If \var{file} is a file object, then it will start -calling \method{write()} on it to store the lines of the command output. -If \var{file} is supplied, then the returned \var{list} is an empty list. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{newnews}{group, date, time, \optional{file}} -Send a \samp{NEWNEWS} command. Here, \var{group} is a group name or -\code{'*'}, and \var{date} and \var{time} have the same meaning as for -\method{newgroups()}. Return a pair \code{(\var{response}, -\var{articles})} where \var{articles} is a list of message ids. -If the \var{file} parameter is supplied, then the output of the -\samp{NEWNEWS} command is stored in a file. If \var{file} is a string, -then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it -then close it. If \var{file} is a file object, then it will start -calling \method{write()} on it to store the lines of the command output. -If \var{file} is supplied, then the returned \var{list} is an empty list. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{list}{\optional{file}} -Send a \samp{LIST} command. Return a pair \code{(\var{response}, -\var{list})} where \var{list} is a list of tuples. Each tuple has the -form \code{(\var{group}, \var{last}, \var{first}, \var{flag})}, where -\var{group} is a group name, \var{last} and \var{first} are the last -and first article numbers (as strings), and \var{flag} is -\code{'y'} if posting is allowed, \code{'n'} if not, and \code{'m'} if -the newsgroup is moderated. (Note the ordering: \var{last}, -\var{first}.) -If the \var{file} parameter is supplied, then the output of the -\samp{LIST} command is stored in a file. If \var{file} is a string, -then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it -then close it. If \var{file} is a file object, then it will start -calling \method{write()} on it to store the lines of the command output. -If \var{file} is supplied, then the returned \var{list} is an empty list. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{descriptions}{grouppattern} -Send a \samp{LIST NEWSGROUPS} command, where \var{grouppattern} is a wildmat -string as specified in RFC2980 (it's essentially the same as DOS or UNIX -shell wildcard strings). Return a pair \code{(\var{response}, -\var{list})}, where \var{list} is a list of tuples containing -\code{(\var{name}, \var{title})}. - -\versionadded{2.4} -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{description}{group} -Get a description for a single group \var{group}. If more than one group -matches (if 'group' is a real wildmat string), return the first match. -If no group matches, return an empty string. - -This elides the response code from the server. If the response code is -needed, use \method{descriptions()}. - -\versionadded{2.4} -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{group}{name} -Send a \samp{GROUP} command, where \var{name} is the group name. -Return a tuple \code{(\var{response}, \var{count}, \var{first}, -\var{last}, \var{name})} where \var{count} is the (estimated) number -of articles in the group, \var{first} is the first article number in -the group, \var{last} is the last article number in the group, and -\var{name} is the group name. The numbers are returned as strings. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{help}{\optional{file}} -Send a \samp{HELP} command. Return a pair \code{(\var{response}, -\var{list})} where \var{list} is a list of help strings. -If the \var{file} parameter is supplied, then the output of the -\samp{HELP} command is stored in a file. If \var{file} is a string, -then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it -then close it. If \var{file} is a file object, then it will start -calling \method{write()} on it to store the lines of the command output. -If \var{file} is supplied, then the returned \var{list} is an empty list. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{stat}{id} -Send a \samp{STAT} command, where \var{id} is the message id (enclosed -in \character{<} and \character{>}) or an article number (as a string). -Return a triple \code{(\var{response}, \var{number}, \var{id})} where -\var{number} is the article number (as a string) and \var{id} is the -message id (enclosed in \character{<} and \character{>}). -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{next}{} -Send a \samp{NEXT} command. Return as for \method{stat()}. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{last}{} -Send a \samp{LAST} command. Return as for \method{stat()}. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{head}{id} -Send a \samp{HEAD} command, where \var{id} has the same meaning as for -\method{stat()}. Return a tuple -\code{(\var{response}, \var{number}, \var{id}, \var{list})} -where the first three are the same as for \method{stat()}, -and \var{list} is a list of the article's headers (an uninterpreted -list of lines, without trailing newlines). -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{body}{id,\optional{file}} -Send a \samp{BODY} command, where \var{id} has the same meaning as for -\method{stat()}. If the \var{file} parameter is supplied, then -the body is stored in a file. If \var{file} is a string, then -the method will open a file object with that name, write to it then close it. -If \var{file} is a file object, then it will start calling -\method{write()} on it to store the lines of the body. -Return as for \method{head()}. If \var{file} is supplied, then -the returned \var{list} is an empty list. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{article}{id} -Send an \samp{ARTICLE} command, where \var{id} has the same meaning as -for \method{stat()}. Return as for \method{head()}. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{slave}{} -Send a \samp{SLAVE} command. Return the server's \var{response}. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{xhdr}{header, string, \optional{file}} -Send an \samp{XHDR} command. This command is not defined in the RFC -but is a common extension. The \var{header} argument is a header -keyword, e.g. \code{'subject'}. The \var{string} argument should have -the form \code{'\var{first}-\var{last}'} where \var{first} and -\var{last} are the first and last article numbers to search. Return a -pair \code{(\var{response}, \var{list})}, where \var{list} is a list of -pairs \code{(\var{id}, \var{text})}, where \var{id} is an article number -(as a string) and \var{text} is the text of the requested header for -that article. -If the \var{file} parameter is supplied, then the output of the -\samp{XHDR} command is stored in a file. If \var{file} is a string, -then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it -then close it. If \var{file} is a file object, then it will start -calling \method{write()} on it to store the lines of the command output. -If \var{file} is supplied, then the returned \var{list} is an empty list. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{post}{file} -Post an article using the \samp{POST} command. The \var{file} -argument is an open file object which is read until EOF using its -\method{readline()} method. It should be a well-formed news article, -including the required headers. The \method{post()} method -automatically escapes lines beginning with \samp{.}. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{ihave}{id, file} -Send an \samp{IHAVE} command. \var{id} is a message id (enclosed in -\character{<} and \character{>}). -If the response is not an error, treat -\var{file} exactly as for the \method{post()} method. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{date}{} -Return a triple \code{(\var{response}, \var{date}, \var{time})}, -containing the current date and time in a form suitable for the -\method{newnews()} and \method{newgroups()} methods. -This is an optional NNTP extension, and may not be supported by all -servers. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{xgtitle}{name, \optional{file}} -Process an \samp{XGTITLE} command, returning a pair \code{(\var{response}, -\var{list})}, where \var{list} is a list of tuples containing -\code{(\var{name}, \var{title})}. -% XXX huh? Should that be name, description? -If the \var{file} parameter is supplied, then the output of the -\samp{XGTITLE} command is stored in a file. If \var{file} is a string, -then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it -then close it. If \var{file} is a file object, then it will start -calling \method{write()} on it to store the lines of the command output. -If \var{file} is supplied, then the returned \var{list} is an empty list. -This is an optional NNTP extension, and may not be supported by all -servers. - -RFC2980 says ``It is suggested that this extension be deprecated''. Use -\method{descriptions()} or \method{description()} instead. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{xover}{start, end, \optional{file}} -Return a pair \code{(\var{resp}, \var{list})}. \var{list} is a list -of tuples, one for each article in the range delimited by the \var{start} -and \var{end} article numbers. Each tuple is of the form -\code{(\var{article number}, \var{subject}, \var{poster}, \var{date}, -\var{id}, \var{references}, \var{size}, \var{lines})}. -If the \var{file} parameter is supplied, then the output of the -\samp{XOVER} command is stored in a file. If \var{file} is a string, -then the method will open a file object with that name, write to it -then close it. If \var{file} is a file object, then it will start -calling \method{write()} on it to store the lines of the command output. -If \var{file} is supplied, then the returned \var{list} is an empty list. -This is an optional NNTP extension, and may not be supported by all -servers. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{xpath}{id} -Return a pair \code{(\var{resp}, \var{path})}, where \var{path} is the -directory path to the article with message ID \var{id}. This is an -optional NNTP extension, and may not be supported by all servers. -\end{methoddesc} - -\begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{quit}{} -Send a \samp{QUIT} command and close the connection. Once this method -has been called, no other methods of the NNTP object should be called. -\end{methoddesc} |