gh-103323: Get the "Current" Thread State from a Thread-Local Variable (gh-103324)

We replace _PyRuntime.tstate_current with a thread-local variable. As part of this change, we add a _Py_thread_local macro in pyport.h (only for the core runtime) to smooth out the compiler differences. The main motivation here is in support of a per-interpreter GIL, but this change also provides some performance improvement opportunities.

Note that we do not provide a fallback to the thread-local, either falling back to the old tstate_current or to thread-specific storage (PyThread_tss_*()). If that proves problematic then we can circle back. I consider it unlikely, but will run the buildbots to double-check.

Also note that this does not change any of the code related to the GILState API, where it uses a thread state stored in thread-specific storage. I suspect we can combine that with _Py_tss_tstate (from here). However, that can be addressed separately and is not urgent (nor critical).

(While this change was mostly done independently, I did take some inspiration from earlier (~2020) work by @markshannon (main...markshannon:threadstate_in_tls) and @vstinner (#23976).)

1 files changed, 17 insertions, 9 deletions

diff --git a/Include/internal/pycore_pystate.h b/Include/internal/pycore_pystate.h
index 6e5f228..c40f9e7 100644
--- a/Include/internal/pycore_pystate.h
+++ b/Include/internal/pycore_pystate.h
@@ -64,17 +64,14 @@ _Py_ThreadCanHandlePendingCalls(void)
 /* Variable and macro for in-line access to current thread
    and interpreter state */
 
-static inline PyThreadState*
-_PyRuntimeState_GetThreadState(_PyRuntimeState *runtime)
-{
-    return (PyThreadState*)_Py_atomic_load_relaxed(&runtime->tstate_current);
-}
+#if defined(HAVE_THREAD_LOCAL) && !defined(Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE)
+extern _Py_thread_local PyThreadState *_Py_tss_tstate;
+#endif
+PyAPI_DATA(PyThreadState *) _PyThreadState_GetCurrent(void);
 
 /* Get the current Python thread state.
 
-   Efficient macro reading directly the 'tstate_current' atomic
-   variable. The macro is unsafe: it does not check for error and it can
-   return NULL.
+   This function is unsafe: it does not check for error and it can return NULL.
 
    The caller must hold the GIL.
 
@@ -82,9 +79,20 @@ _PyRuntimeState_GetThreadState(_PyRuntimeState *runtime)
 static inline PyThreadState*
 _PyThreadState_GET(void)
 {
-    return _PyRuntimeState_GetThreadState(&_PyRuntime);
+#if defined(HAVE_THREAD_LOCAL) && !defined(Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE)
+    return _Py_tss_tstate;
+#else
+    return _PyThreadState_GetCurrent();
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline PyThreadState*
+_PyRuntimeState_GetThreadState(_PyRuntimeState *Py_UNUSED(runtime))
+{
+    return _PyThreadState_GET();
 }
 
+
 static inline void
 _Py_EnsureFuncTstateNotNULL(const char *func, PyThreadState *tstate)
 {