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authorGuido van Rossum <guido@python.org>1991-04-07 13:41:50 (GMT)
committerGuido van Rossum <guido@python.org>1991-04-07 13:41:50 (GMT)
commit2d844d1ddc581c80116c88be5854720bcf84f3e0 (patch)
tree7aaca4e789dd1394d8eff7484dfced08a635983f /Lib/persist.py
parentfa5406496750f9f0717457341041297b4173430f (diff)
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+# persist.py
+#
+# Implement limited persistence.
+#
+# Simple interface:
+# persist.save() save __main__ module on file (overwrite)
+# persist.load() load __main__ module from file (merge)
+#
+# These use the filename persist.defaultfile, initialized to 'wsrestore.py'.
+#
+# A raw interface also exists:
+# persist.writedict(dict, fp) save dictionary to open file
+# persist.readdict(dict, fp) read (merge) dictionary from open file
+#
+# Internally, the function dump() and a whole bunch of support of functions
+# traverse a graph of objects and print them in a restorable form
+# (which happens to be a Python module).
+#
+# XXX Limitations:
+# - Volatile objects are dumped as strings:
+# - open files, windows etc.
+# - Other 'obscure' objects are dumped as strings:
+# - classes, instances and methods
+# - compiled regular expressions
+# - anything else reasonably obscure (e.g., capabilities)
+# - type objects for obscure objects
+# - It's slow when there are many of lists or dictionaries
+# (This could be fixed if there were a quick way to compute a hash
+# function of any object, even if recursive)
+
+defaultfile = 'wsrestore.py'
+
+def save():
+ import __main__
+ import posix
+ # XXX On SYSV, if len(defaultfile) >= 14, this is wrong!
+ backup = defaultfile + '~'
+ try:
+ posix.unlink(backup)
+ except posix.error:
+ pass
+ try:
+ posix.rename(defaultfile, backup)
+ except posix.error:
+ pass
+ fp = open(defaultfile, 'w')
+ writedict(__main__.__dict__, fp)
+ fp.close()
+
+def load():
+ import __main__
+ fp = open(defaultfile, 'r')
+ readdict(__main__.__dict__, fp)
+
+def writedict(dict, fp):
+ import sys
+ savestdout = sys.stdout
+ try:
+ sys.stdout = fp
+ dump(dict) # Writes to sys.stdout
+ finally:
+ sys.stdout = savestdout
+
+def readdict(dict, fp):
+ contents = fp.read() # Or: util.readopenfile(fp)
+ globals = {}
+ exec(contents, globals)
+ top = globals['top']
+ for key in top.keys():
+ if dict.has_key(key):
+ print 'warning:', key, 'not overwritten'
+ else:
+ dict[key] = top[key]
+
+
+# Function dump(x) prints (on sys.stdout!) a sequence of Python statements
+# that, when executed in an empty environment, will reconstruct the
+# contents of an arbitrary dictionary.
+
+import sys
+
+# Name used for objects dict on output.
+#
+FUNNYNAME = FN = 'A'
+
+# Top-level function. Call with the object you want to dump.
+#
+def dump(x):
+ types = {}
+ stack = [] # Used by test for recursive objects
+ print FN, '= {}'
+ topuid = dumpobject(x, types, stack)
+ print 'top =', FN, '[', `topuid`, ']'
+
+# Generic function to dump any object.
+#
+dumpswitch = {}
+#
+def dumpobject(x, types, stack):
+ typerepr = `type(x)`
+ if not types.has_key(typerepr):
+ types[typerepr] = {}
+ typedict = types[typerepr]
+ if dumpswitch.has_key(typerepr):
+ return dumpswitch[typerepr](x, typedict, types, stack)
+ else:
+ return dumpbadvalue(x, typedict, types, stack)
+
+# Generic function to dump unknown values.
+# This assumes that the Python interpreter prints such values as
+# <foo object at xxxxxxxx>.
+# The object will be read back as a string: '<foo object at xxxxxxxx>'.
+# In some cases it may be possible to fix the dump manually;
+# to ease the editing, these cases are labeled with an XXX comment.
+#
+def dumpbadvalue(x, typedict, types, stack):
+ xrepr = `x`
+ if typedict.has_key(xrepr):
+ return typedict[xrepr]
+ uid = genuid()
+ typedict[xrepr] = uid
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] =', `xrepr`, '# XXX'
+ return uid
+
+# Generic function to dump pure, simple values, except strings
+#
+def dumpvalue(x, typedict, types, stack):
+ xrepr = `x`
+ if typedict.has_key(xrepr):
+ return typedict[xrepr]
+ uid = genuid()
+ typedict[xrepr] = uid
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] =', `x`
+ return uid
+
+# Functions to dump string objects
+#
+def dumpstring(x, typedict, types, stack):
+ # XXX This can break if strings have embedded '\0' bytes
+ # XXX because of a bug in the dictionary module
+ if typedict.has_key(x):
+ return typedict[x]
+ uid = genuid()
+ typedict[x] = uid
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] =', `x`
+ return uid
+
+# Function to dump type objects
+#
+typeswitch = {}
+class some_class():
+ def method(self): pass
+some_instance = some_class()
+#
+def dumptype(x, typedict, types, stack):
+ xrepr = `x`
+ if typedict.has_key(xrepr):
+ return typedict[xrepr]
+ uid = genuid()
+ typedict[xrepr] = uid
+ if typeswitch.has_key(xrepr):
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] =', typeswitch[xrepr]
+ elif x = type(sys):
+ print 'import sys'
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = type(sys)'
+ elif x = type(sys.stderr):
+ print 'import sys'
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = type(sys.stderr)'
+ elif x = type(dumptype):
+ print 'def some_function(): pass'
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = type(some_function)'
+ elif x = type(some_class):
+ print 'class some_class(): pass'
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = type(some_class)'
+ elif x = type(some_instance):
+ print 'class another_class(): pass'
+ print 'some_instance = another_class()'
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = type(some_instance)'
+ elif x = type(some_instance.method):
+ print 'class yet_another_class():'
+ print ' def method(): pass'
+ print 'another_instance = yet_another_class()'
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = type(another_instance.method)'
+ else:
+ # Unknown type
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] =', `xrepr`, '# XXX'
+ return uid
+
+# Initialize the typeswitch
+#
+for x in None, 0, 0.0, '', (), [], {}:
+ typeswitch[`type(x)`] = 'type(' + `x` + ')'
+for s in 'type(0)', 'abs', '[].append':
+ typeswitch[`type(eval(s))`] = 'type(' + s + ')'
+
+# Dump a tuple object
+#
+def dumptuple(x, typedict, types, stack):
+ item_uids = []
+ xrepr = ''
+ for item in x:
+ item_uid = dumpobject(item, types, stack)
+ item_uids.append(item_uid)
+ xrepr = xrepr + ' ' + item_uid
+ del stack[-1:]
+ if typedict.has_key(xrepr):
+ return typedict[xrepr]
+ uid = genuid()
+ typedict[xrepr] = uid
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = (',
+ for item_uid in item_uids:
+ print FN, '[', `item_uid`, '],',
+ print ')'
+ return uid
+
+# Dump a list object
+#
+def dumplist(x, typedict, types, stack):
+ # Check for recursion
+ for x1, uid1 in stack:
+ if x is x1: return uid1
+ # Check for occurrence elsewhere in the typedict
+ for uid1 in typedict.keys():
+ if x is typedict[uid1]: return uid1
+ # This uses typedict differently!
+ uid = genuid()
+ typedict[uid] = x
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = []'
+ stack.append(x, uid)
+ item_uids = []
+ for item in x:
+ item_uid = dumpobject(item, types, stack)
+ item_uids.append(item_uid)
+ del stack[-1:]
+ for item_uid in item_uids:
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '].append(', FN, '[', `item_uid`, '])'
+ return uid
+
+# Dump a dictionary object
+#
+def dumpdict(x, typedict, types, stack):
+ # Check for recursion
+ for x1, uid1 in stack:
+ if x is x1: return uid1
+ # Check for occurrence elsewhere in the typedict
+ for uid1 in typedict.keys():
+ if x is typedict[uid1]: return uid1
+ # This uses typedict differently!
+ uid = genuid()
+ typedict[uid] = x
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] = {}'
+ stack.append(x, uid)
+ item_uids = []
+ for key in x.keys():
+ val_uid = dumpobject(x[key], types, stack)
+ item_uids.append(key, val_uid)
+ del stack[-1:]
+ for key, val_uid in item_uids:
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '][', `key`, '] =',
+ print FN, '[', `val_uid`, ']'
+ return uid
+
+# Dump a module object
+#
+def dumpmodule(x, typedict, types, stack):
+ xrepr = `x`
+ if typedict.has_key(xrepr):
+ return typedict[xrepr]
+ from string import split
+ # `x` has the form <module 'foo'>
+ name = xrepr[9:-2]
+ uid = genuid()
+ typedict[xrepr] = uid
+ print 'import', name
+ print FN, '[', `uid`, '] =', name
+ return uid
+
+
+# Initialize dumpswitch, a table of functions to dump various objects,
+# indexed by `type(x)`.
+#
+for x in None, 0, 0.0:
+ dumpswitch[`type(x)`] = dumpvalue
+for x, f in ('', dumpstring), (type(0), dumptype), ((), dumptuple), \
+ ([], dumplist), ({}, dumpdict), (sys, dumpmodule):
+ dumpswitch[`type(x)`] = f
+
+
+# Generate the next unique id; a string consisting of digits.
+# The seed is stored as seed[0].
+#
+seed = [0]
+#
+def genuid():
+ x = seed[0]
+ seed[0] = seed[0] + 1
+ return `x`