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| author | Jack Jansen <jack.jansen@cwi.nl> | 1996-08-05 15:34:45 (GMT) |
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| committer | Jack Jansen <jack.jansen@cwi.nl> | 1996-08-05 15:34:45 (GMT) |
| commit | 8f2d802a9ebf61bcac8363bc4c58bd1954d385ce (patch) | |
| tree | 5cea272321721f33531a3d3bc5d3969c40549cbf /Mac/Demo/building.html | |
| parent | a766182f0869b04bf12151f314485ea71e274781 (diff) | |
| download | cpython-8f2d802a9ebf61bcac8363bc4c58bd1954d385ce.zip cpython-8f2d802a9ebf61bcac8363bc4c58bd1954d385ce.tar.gz cpython-8f2d802a9ebf61bcac8363bc4c58bd1954d385ce.tar.bz2 | |
Build instructions for source distribution that were somehow never
checked in.
Modified: removed stdwin references, added note on tcl memory allocation.
Diffstat (limited to 'Mac/Demo/building.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | Mac/Demo/building.html | 351 |
1 files changed, 351 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Mac/Demo/building.html b/Mac/Demo/building.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3693243 --- /dev/null +++ b/Mac/Demo/building.html @@ -0,0 +1,351 @@ +<HTML> +<HEAD> +<TITLE>Building Mac Python from source</TITLE> +</HEAD> +<BODY> +<H1>Building Mac Python from source</H1> +<HR> +This document explains how to build MacPython from source. This is necessary if +you want to write extension modules for 68K Python, and currently also +probably the easiest way to build PPC extension modules. Building Python +is not something to be undertaken lightly, the process is not very streamlined +so you need a reasonable working knowledge of the CodeWarrior development +environment, a good net connection and probably quite some time too. <p> + +The information density in this file is high, so you should probably print it and +read it at your leasure. Most things are explained only once (and probably in the +wrong place:-). <p> + +I am very interested in feedback on this document, contact me at +<A HREF="mailto:jack@cwi.nl"><jack@cwi.nl></A> or send your comments to the +<A HREF="http://www.python.org/sigs/pythonmac-sig/">Mac Python Special Interest Group</A>. + +<H2>What you need.</H2> + +The following things you definitely need: + +<UL> +<LI> +You need a MacPython source distribution, of course. You can obtain one from +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/jack/python/mac">ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/jack/python/mac</A>, +and possibly also from the standard +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.python.org/pub/python/mac">python.org ftp site</A>. Everything you +need is also included in the standard Python source distribution, but the organization +is different. Look in directory <code>Mac/mwerks/projects</code> for the project files and related +stuff. + +<LI> +You need MetroWerks CodeWarrior. The current distribution has been built with version 9 +of CodeWarrior. Ordering information is available on the +<A HREF="http://www.metrowerks.com/">MetroWerks homepage</A>. You might still be +able to build Python with MPW or Think/Symantec C but you are basically on your own. + +<LI> +You need GUSI, the Grand Unified Socket Interface, by Matthias Neeracher. The +current distribution has been built with CWGUSI 1.6.4, obtainable from +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.switch.ch/software/mac/src/mw_c">ftp://ftp.switch.ch/software/mac/src/mw_c</A>. +It is possible to build a non-GUSI Python, see below. The correct version of CWGUSI is +also included in the Tcl/Tk distribution, by the way. +</UL> + +<A NAME="optional">The MacPython project files are configured to include a plethora of optional modules</A>, and +these modules need a number extra packages. To use the project files as-is you have to +download these packages too. PPC Python has all such modules as dynamically loaded modules, +so if you don't need a certain package it suffices to just refrain from builing the +extension module. For 68K Python things are a bit more complicated: you have to edit the +interpreter project file to remove the reference to the module (and the libraries it uses). +Here are the locations for the various things you need: + +<UL> +<LI> +Tcl and Tk can be obtained from +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.smli.com/pub/tcl/mac/">ftp://ftp.smli.com/pub/tcl/mac/</A>. +The current distributions, Tcl 7.5 and Tk 4.1, were packaged in a hurry +and need a bit +of work, see the section on <A HREF="#tcltk">building Tcl/Tk Python</A> below. Get the "full source" +distribution, which includes CWGUSI (which Python also needs) and MoreFiles. + +<LI> +Waste, a TextEdit replacement written by Marco Piovanelli, +<A HREF="mailto:piovanel@kagi.com"><piovanel@kagi.com></A>. +Python was built using version 1.2a5, which you can obtain from +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.dsi.unimi.it/DSI/piovanel/waste"><ftp://ftp.dsi.unimi.it/DSI/piovanel/waste></A>. + +<LI> +JPEG library by the Independent JPEG Group. Python is still built using an archaic version +of the library, version 4. It can be obtained from the <A HREF="ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/jack/python/mac"> +ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/jack/python/mac</A> directory, complete with CW8 projects. If someone manages +to build Python with the version 6 library I would be grateful if they sent me the changes needed. +The most recent JPEG library can always be obtained from +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/">ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/</A>. + +<LI> +The netpbm/pbmplus and libtiff libraries. The netpbm distribution (which includes libtiff) is generally +available on Internet ftp servers. For Python pbmplus, an older incarnation of netpbm, is functionally +identical to netpbm, since Python only uses the library and not the complete applications. A +distribution with correct projects and library source only is available from, you guessed it, +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/jack/python/mac">ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/jack/python/mac</A>. +</UL> + +<H2>Setting Up</H2> + +Now that you have collected everything you should start with building the various parts. Everything +is independent, with the single exception that Tcl and Tk depend on CWGUSI. If you don't want to +fix access paths try to set things up as follows: +<PRE> +Top-level-folder: + CWGUSI 1.6.4 + imglibs + libjpeg + pbmplus + libtiff + MoreFiles 1.4.1 (not needed by Python, only by tcl/tk) + Python + Tcl 7.5 + Tk 4.1 +</PRE> + +Now build all the libraries. In <code>CWGUSI</code> you build the projects +<code>GUSI.68K.µ</code> and <code>GUSI.PPC.µ</code>, in <code>MoreFiles</code>, +<code>libjpeg</code>, <code>pbmplus</code> and<code>libtiff</code> you build all +projects. Tcl/tk is a special case, see below. Of course, if you are only +interested in 68K you can skip building the PPC libraries and vice versa. + +<H2><A NAME="tcltk">Building Tcl/Tk</H2> + +You need to make a minor organizational change to the Tcl/Tk distribution. The current instructions +are for the <code>tcl7.5</code> and <code>tk4.1</code> distribution: +<UL> +<LI> Rename the <code>compat</code> folders to <code>(compat)</code> in both the Tcl and Tk folders. + +<LI> In the Tcl folder, move <code>strncasecmp.c</code> from <code>(compat)</code> to the +main Tcl folder. + +<LI> Fix the Tk and Tcl library project access paths: they refer to +<code>MoreFiles 1.4.2</code>, change this to <code>MoreFiles 1.4.1</code>. +Alternatively you could get the real MoreFiles 1.4.2, but there seem to be problems with +this too (undefined references). + +<LI> Fix the Tk and Tcl library project header file: it is set to +<code>MacHeaders.h</code> but should be set to <code>MW_TkHeader.h</code> +and <code>MW_TclHeader.h</code> respectively. + +<LI> You are <em>strongly</em> advised to make a fix to <code>tcl.h</code>. As distributed, +tcl and tk assume that malloc calls always succeed and use the resulting pointer without +checking for <code>NULL</code> values. Needless to say, this wreaks havoc on a Macintosh. +Fortunately a checking malloc is included and easy to enable: look for the +<code>#define</code>'s for ckalloc, ckfree and ckrealloc and replace them by the +following code: +<pre><code> +# define ckalloc(x) Tcl_Ckalloc(x) +# define ckfree(x) Tcl_Ckfree(x) +# define ckrealloc(x,y) Tcl_Ckrealloc(x,y) +</code></pre> +With this fix, out-of-memory situations will still cause a hard abort of the python +interpreter, but at least they will not crash your system. + +<LI> If you want to build <code>SimpleTcl</code> and <code>SimpleTk</code> +to make sure that the distributions are working you should make the previous +changes in those projects too. Moreover, you have to replace the MoreFiles +library reference by the correct one <code>MoreFiles 1.4.1:Libraries:MoreFiles.PPC</code> +(or 68K). +</UL> + +Build first the GUSI and MoreFiles libraries, then the Tcl library, then SimpleTcl +(test it by typing <code>ls -l</code> in the window you get) then the Tk library, then SimpleTk +(which can again be tested with <code>ls -l</code>). If this all worked you are all set to try +building Python. + +<H2>The organization of the Python source tree</H2> + +Time for a short break, while we have a look at the organization of the Python source tree. +At the top level, we find the following folders: + +<DL> +<DT> build.mac68k.stand +<DD> This is where you will build 68K interpreters. + +<DT> build.macppc.shared +<DD> This is where you build the PPC shared library, interpreter and applet framework. + +<DT> build.macppc.stand +<DD> This is where you build a nonshared PPC interpreter (optional). + +<DT> Demo +<DD> Demo programs that are not Mac-specific. Some of these may not work, the file +<code>README-Mac</code> has some details. + +<DT> Extensions +<DD> Extensions to the interpreter that are not Mac-specific. Contains only the <code>img</code> +extension in this distribution. Extensions are <em>not</em> built here, as they are on Unix, +but incorporated in the core interpreter or built as plugin modules. + +<DT> Grammar +<DD> The Python grammar. Included for reference only, you cannot build the parser on a Mac. + +<DT> Include +<DD> Machine-independent header files. + +<DT> Modules +<DD> Machine-independent optional modules. Not all of these will work on the Mac. + +<DT> Objects +<DD> Machine-independent code for various objects. Most of these are not really optional: the +interpreter will not function without them. + +<DT> Parser +<DD> The Python parser (machine-independent). + +<DT> PlugIns +<DD> This is where you build the PPC dynamically-loaded plugin modules. + +<DT> Python +<DD> The core interpreter. Most files are machine-independent, some are unix-specific +and not used on the Mac. + +<DT> Tools +<DD> Tools for python developers. Contains <code>modulator</code> which builds skeleton +C extension modules and <code>bgen</code> which generates complete interface modules from +information in C header files. There are some readme files, but more documentation is +sorely needed. +</DL> + +All the mac-specific stuff lives in the <code>Mac</code> folder: +<DL> + +<DT> Compat +<DD> Unix-compatability routines. Some of these are not used anymore, since CWGUSI provides +a rather complete emulation, but you may need these if you are trying to build a non-GUSI +python. + +<DT> Demo +<DD> Mac-specific demo programs, some of them annotated. + +<DT> Include +<DD> Mac-specific but compiler-independent include files. + +<DT> Lib +<DD> Mac-specific standard modules. The <code>toolbox</code> folder contains modules +specifically needed with various MacOS toolbox interface modules. + +<DT> Modules +<DD> Mac-specific builtin modules. Theoretically these are all optional, but some are +rather essential (like <code>macmodule</code>). A lot of these modules are generated +with <code>bgen</code>, in which case the bgen input files are included so you can attempt to +regenerate them or extend them. + +<DT> MPW +<DD> MPW-specific files. These have not been used or kept up-to-date for a long time, so +use at your own risk. + +<DT> mwerks +<DD> Mwerks-specific sources and headers. Contains glue code for Pythons shared-library +architecture, a replacement for <code>malloc</code> and a directory with various projects +for building variations on the Python interpreter. The <code>mwerks_*.h</code> files here +are the option-setting files for the various interpreters and such, comparable to the unix +command-line <code>-D</code> options to the compiler. Each project uses the correct option file +as its "prefix file" in the "C/C++ language" settings. Disabling optional modules (for the 68K +interpreter), building non-GUSI interpreters and various other things are accomplished by +modifying these files (and possibly changing the list of files included in the project window, of course). + +<DT> Python +<DD> Mac-specific parts of the core interpreter. + +<DT> Resources +<DD> Resource files needed to build the interpreter. + +<DT> Scripts +<DD> A collection of various mac-specific Python scripts. Some are essential, some are useful but few +are documented, so you will have to use your imagination to work them out. + +<DT> Unsupported +<DD> Modules that are not supported any longer but may still work with a little effort. +</DL> + +<H2>Building the 68K interpreter</H2> + +If you have all the optional libraries mentioned <A HREF="#optional">above</A> loaded buildin Python +for 68K macs is a breeze: open the project in the folder <code>build.mac68k.stand</code> and build it. +Do <em>not</em> run it yet, this will possibly result in a garbled preferences file. <p> + +First remove the <code>Python preferences</code> file +from your preference folder, only if you had an older version of Python installed. +(this is also what you do if you did not heed the last sentence of the +preceeding paragraph). Next, move the interpreter to the main Python folder (up one level) and run it +there. This will create a correct initial preferences file. You are now all set, and your tree +should be completely compatible with a binary-only distribution. Read the release notes +(<code>Relnotes-somethingorother</code>) and <code>ReadMeOrSuffer</code> in the <code>Mac</code> folder. + +<H2>Building the PPC interpreter</H2> + +First you build the interpreter, core library and applet skeleton in folder <code>build.macppc.stand</code>. +The order to build things is the following: + +<DL> +<DT> PythonCoreRuntime +<DD> A modified version of the MetroWerks runtime library that is suitable for Pythons' shared library +architecture. The sources all come from the MW distribution. + +<DT> PythonCore +<DD> The shared library that contains the bulk of the interpreter and its resources. It is a good idea to +immedeately put an alias to this shared library in the <code>Extensions</code> folder of your system folder. +Do exactly that: put an <em>alias</em> there, copying or moving the file will cause you grief later. + +<DT> PythonPPC +<DD> The interpreter. This is basically a routine to call out to the shared library. Because of the +organization of GUSI it also contains the Gusi settings resource (together with a ResEdit template, +so you can change the gusi settings should you feel like doing so). +Do <em>not</em> run it yet, this will possibly result in a garbled preferences file. <p> + +<DT> PythonApplet +<DD> The applet skeleton application. Very similar to <code>PythonPPC</code>, but it calls to a different +entrypoint in the core library. The <code>mkapplet</code> script will copy this complete file, and add +a <code>'PYC '</code> with the module to generate an applet. <p> +</DL> + +After creating the alias to <code>PythonCore</code> you should move <code>PythonPPC</code> to the main +Python folder. Next you remove any old <code>Python Preferences</code> file from the <code>Preferences</code> +folder (if you had python installed on your system before) and run the interpreter once to create the +correct preferences file. You should also make an alias to <code>PythonApplet</code> in the main Python +folder. (again: making an alias is preferrable to copying or moving the file, since this will cause the +correct file to be used if you ever rebuild PythonApplet). <p> + +Next, you have to build the extension modules in the <code>PlugIns</code> folder. Open each project and +build it. After all the dynamically loaded modules are built you have to create a number of aliases: some +modules live together in a single dynamic library. Copy or move the <code>MkPluginAliases.py</code> script +from <code>Mac:scripts</code> to the main python folder and run it. <p> + +Finally, you must build the standard applets: <code>EditPythonPrefs</code>, <code>mkapplet</code>, etc. This +is easiest done with the <code>fullbuild</code> script from <code>Mac:scripts</code>. Answer <em>no</em> to +all questions except when it asks whether to build the applets. <p> + +<BLOCKQUOTE> +Actually, the <code>fullbuild</code> script can be used to build everything, but you need a fully-functional +interpreter before you can use it (and one that isn't rebuilt in the process: you cannot rebuild a running +program). You could copy the 68K interpreter to a different place and use that to run fullbuild, or use the +standalone PPC python for this. I tend to keep a standalone interpreter in a safe place for this use only. +</BLOCKQUOTE> + +You are all set now, and should read the release notes and <code>ReadMeOrSuffer</code> file from +the <code>Mac</code> folder. + +<H2>Odds and ends</H2> + +Some remarks that I could not fit in elsewhere: + +<UL> +<LI> +It may be possible to use the <code>PythonCore</code> shared library to embed Python in +another program, if your program can live with using GUSI for I/O. Use PythonCore in stead of +your C library (or, at the very least, link it before the normal C library). Let me know whether this +works. + +<LI> +It is possible to build PPC extension modules without building a complete Python. Take the binary distribution, +add folders <code>Include</code>, <code>Mac:Include</code> and <code>Mac:mwerks</code> from the source +distribution and you should be all set. A template for a dynamic module can be found in <code>xxmodule.µ</code>. + + +<UL> +</BODY> +</HTML> |